初中英语名词复数小结 21页

杭六中王谕初中英语名词复数小结\n专有名词（ProperNouns）普通名词(CommonNouns）专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。名词的分类\n1）个体名词（IndividualNouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：student,desk,apple。2）集体名词（CollectiveNouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：class,team,family。3）物质名词（MaterialNouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：rice,water,milk。4）抽象名词（AbstractNouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：love,life,work。普通名词又分为四类\n个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（CountableNouns）物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（UncountableNouns）所以一般情况下我们所说的名词复数指的就是可数名词的复数问题\n一般情况加-s1.清辅音后读/s/map-mapsbook-books2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bagscar-cars名词复数的规则变化(1)\n以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buseswatch-watchesbridge-bridges以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/exercise-exercises名词复数的规则变化(2)\n以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数：twoMarystheHenrysmonkey---monkeysholiday---holidays以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加es读/z/baby---babiesfactory---factories名词复数的规则变化(3)\n以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a.加-sroof---roofsb.去f,fe加-veshalf---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveslife---livesthief---thieveswife---wives名词复数的规则变化(4)\natomatosometomatoessomepotatoessomeheroes初中阶段以o结尾的名词复数主要是加-s,只有这几个加-es:Heroeslovetomatoesandpotatoes.名词复数的规则变化(5)\nfoot--feetchild-childrentooth--teethmouse--mice名词复数的不规则变化(1)\n名词复数的不规则变化(2)man--menwoman--womenmendoctorswomenteachers\naGermansomeGermansAmerican--AmericansAustralian--AustraliansCanadian--CanadianssomepolicemenapolicemanEnglishman–EnglishmenFrenchman--Frenchmen一些需要强调的表示人的名词复数\nonesheeptwosheepaChinesetwoChineseaJapaneseseveralJapanese名词复数的不规则变化(3):单复数形式相同\nonefish一条鱼fishes不同种类的鱼／各种各样的鱼threefish三条鱼somefish一些鱼肉可数名词不可数名词名词复数的不规则变化(4):“fish”想一想：我们学过的名词还有哪些和fish的用法相同？\n必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(1)a.有些词既可数又不可数但意思不同:paper报纸/试卷/文件/讲义–纸张time次数/倍数–时间glass玻璃杯–玻璃room房间–空间fish鱼–鱼肉…b.有些词虽以-s结尾但却是单数:news,math(s),physics,politics,...c.有些词始终是复数形式:people(人们),clothes,trousers,glasses(眼镜),works(著作),times(时代)...有些词通常都是复数形式:shoes,gloves,…\nd.people有两种意思:人/人们;民族Thereare56peoplesinChina.民族(加-s构成复数)Thereare56peopleintheroom.人(们)(本身就是复数)e.这些是最常见的不可数名词,一般都没有复数形式news,information,weather,work(工作),bread,knowledge,advice,fun但是可以加上一些表示单位的名词来够成短语:a____ofpaper/bread/meat/work/advicea____oftea/coffeea____ofwater/milka____ofglasses/trousers/gloves必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(2)piececupglass/bottlepair\na.“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时该名词用单数形式atwo-monthholidayan8-year-oldboytheboys’400-metrerace必须注意的特殊用法b.关于几个表示数量的单位词hundreds/thousands/millionsofpeople9hundred/thousand/millionpeople\n中考有关名词的试题1、These_________havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor2、Thisis_________bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s3、---Arethereany________onthefarm?---Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep4、---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,________ororange?---Orange,please.A.hamburgerB.chipC.tea5、_____turnyellowinautumn.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.LeafsCDDCB\n6、Helpyourselvestosome_____,dearchildren!A.fishsB.fishesC.fishD.thefish7、---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?---Certainly.A.somebottlesofwaters  B.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwater    D.somebottleofwaters8、Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDay   B.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDay     D.ChildrenDay9、_____hardworkitis!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa10、Imettwo_____inthestreetyesterdaymorning.A.GermanB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Japanese11、_____aregoingtoEnglandforaholiday.A.TheWangB.Wang’sC.TheWang’sD.TheWangsCBACDD\n根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。1.“What’syourn_______?”“LiLei.”2.Howmanyd_______doesyourunclehave?3.Pleaseclosethew______.It’scoldoutside.4.IfyouwantstudyEnglishwell,youmustpayattentiontoyourp________.5.Acomputerisoneofthegreatesti_________intheworld.6.ZhangHuiisveryexcited.HewillgotoJapanwithhisp_______duringtheSpringFestival.7.Atthea______ofseven,thelonelygirlhadtoworktomakeliving.8.It’sonlyaboutanh_____flightfromQingdaotoBeijingbyair.9.Healthismoreimportanttomethanm_______.10、YangLiweiandZaZhigangareh_____.11、Iwanttobeas______whenIgrowup.ameaughersindowronuncationnventionsarentsgeour’soneyeroesinger\nThanksalotforlistening!Bestwishes!