初中英语动词用法(全) 22页

初中英语动词用法Aactv.表演，演戏actassb./sth.充任某角色，担任某工作Idon’tunderstandEnglish,soyouhavetoactasmyinterpreter(翻译)。其他用法：actfor代表某人，代理某人的职位Duringherillness,herlawyerhasbeenactingforherinherbusiness.在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。addv.(1)加，增加，添加addsth.tosth.往...里添加...eg.Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomewatertoit.eg.Headdedhissignaturetothepetition(请愿书)。addAandB(together)加eg.Ifyouadd5and5,youget10.addtosth.增加某事物eg.Thebadweatheronlyaddtoourdifficulties.这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。(2)补充；继续说eg.“I’llcomeherelater.’’headded.addin包括...在内eg.Don’tforgetaddmein.别忘了把我算上。addup合计，加起来addupto总计达到addfueltothefire火上浇油affordv.负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间（常与can,could,beableto连用）affordsth.eg.I’dlovetogoonholidaybutIcan’taffordthetime.eg.Theywalkedbecausethecan’taffordataxi.affordtodosth.eg.Theywalkedbecausetheycan’taffordtotakeataxi.eg.IhavetoworkhardbecauseIcan’taffordtoloosemyjob.agreev.同意，赞同agreewithsb.同意某人的意见eg.Iagreewithyou.agreeon+表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg.Weagreedontheplan.agreetodosth.同意做某事eg.Weagreedtostartearly.agreethat+宾语从句eg.SheagreedthatIwasright.其他用法：agreewithsb.(尤用于否定或疑问句)（对某人的健康或胃口）适合Ilikemushroomsbutunfortunatelytheydon’tagreewithme.我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。Thehumidclimateinthesouthdidn’tagreewithhim.他不适应南方潮湿的气候。aimv.瞄准，对准aimat瞄准，针对aimatthetarget瞄准目标/靶子；aimatasuccess志在成功eg.Myremarkswerenotaimatyou.我的话不是针对你。allowv.允许，准许allowdoingsth.eg.Wedon’tallowsmokinginourhouse.在我们家不允许抽烟。allowsb.todosth.eg.Theyallowhertogototheparty.他们允许她去参加晚会。allowsb.in/out/up允许某人进来/出去/起来annoyv.使恼怒，使生气annoysb.使某人生气，使某人心烦eg.Iwasannoyedbyhisremarks.他的言论激怒了我。22\nappearv.出现；露面；（公开）演出appeartodo好象是Itappearsthat+从句eg.Itappearstomethatyouareallwrong.我觉得你们全都错了。appreciatev.感激appreciatesth.appreciatedoingsth.arguev.争论，争吵arguewithsb.about/over/onsth.与某人争论某事eg.Wearguedwiththewaiteraboutthepriceofthemeal.其他用法：arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事eg.Theyarguehisintogivinguphisplan.arrivev.到达arrivein+大地方eg.WearrivedinParis.arriveat+小地方eg.Wearrivedatthestation/mynationtown.其他用法：arriveatsth.达成或得出某事物arrivedatanagreement(达成协议)/aconclusion(得出结论)Whatdicisiondidyouarrivedat?你们做出了什么决定？askv.询问，问asksth.eg.MayIaskquestions?asksb.sth.eg.Heaskedmethewaytothesupermarket.Heaskedmetheirnames.Heaskedmewhereheshouldgo.asksb.aboutsth.eg.Heaskedmeaboutmyhealth.asksb.todosth.eg.Heaskmetostopsmoking.Heaskmenottoswimhere.askforsth.(todosth.)请求eg.Sheaskedformoretime(tothinkitover).她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。askforsb.找（某人）Didanyoneaskformelastweek?其他用法：asktheway问路；askfortrouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃attemptv.企图，试图试图做某事attempttodosth.attemptdoingsth.Bbeatv.打败，战胜beatsb.(atsth.)在某方面打败/胜过某人Hebeatsmeatchess.他在下棋方面胜我一筹。beatsb.打某人becomev.成为，变成become+名词Hebecameadoctoratlast.becomeinterestingin变得对...感兴趣其他用法：Whatbecomes/willbecomeofsb./sth.?某人某事的情况如何eg.WhatwillbecomeifIdie?假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？22\nbeginv.开始begintodosth.=begindoingsth.开始做某事beginwith由...开始eg.Wewillbeginwithyou.从你开始。eg.Theconcert(音乐会)beganwithapianosolo(钢琴独奏).behavev.举止，表现behavewell/badly表现好/不好，举止良好/不好believev.相信，认为believesb.相信某人说的话eg.Ibelievehim.我相信他的话。believeinsb.相信/信任某人eg.Ibelieveinhim.我相信他。believesb.+adj.eg.Ibelievehimhonest.我相信他是诚实的。believe+从句eg.Ibelievethathecandothejobwell.belongv.属于belongtoborrowv.借，借入，借进borrowsth.(fromsb.)从某地/某人处借...borrowabook(fromlibrary)bowv.鞠躬bowto服从bowtosb’soppinion屈从某人的意见makeabow鞠躬takeabow鞠躬答谢breakv.打破，违背breakinto闯进breakaway(from…)(从…)逃脱breakinto/topieces碎成片breakupwithsb.与某人绝交breaksth.off突然中断、终止某事物breakdown汽车抛锚breakout突然发生eg.Firebrokeoutlastnight.夜间突然失火了。breakthroughsth.克服eg.breakthroughthedifficulties克服困难bringv.拿来，取来，带来bringsth.tosb.=bringsb.sth.把某物带来给某人bringsb./sth.(withone)带着某物或某人来eg.Healwaysbringsabottleofwine(withhim)whenhecomestodinner.bringsth./sb.back送回某人/某物eg.Hebroughtmebackinhiscarlastnight.他昨天晚上开车送我回来的。Pleasebringbackthebooktometomorrow.请明天把书带来还我。bringsb.up培养，养育eg.Hewasbroughtupbyhisaunt.他是被他阿姨养大的。Shebroughtupfivechildrenalltogether.她总共抚养了5个儿女。其他用法：bringsth.up呕吐bringabout带来，造成bringaboutgreatchanges带来巨大变化bringin收获（庄稼等）bringinagoodharvest好收成buildv.建造，建筑buildsth.buildafactory建厂房buildsth.forsb.=buildsb.sth.eg.Hisfatherbuiltamodelaeroplaneforhim.=Hisfatherbuilthimamodelaeroplane.buildsth.of/from/outofsth.用...(材料)建造...eg.Birdsbuildtheirnestsoutoftwigs.鸟儿用细树枝筑巢。buildsth.up逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展某事物buildupabiglibrary逐渐建立一座大的图书馆其他用法：Romewasnotbuiltinaday.罗马不是一天建成的。22\nburnv.燃烧，点燃burnout烧坏，烧完，烧尽burndown烧毁burnaway烧坏，烧掉；（逐渐）消灭，消失eg.Thesunlighthasburntawaythehaze.日光使雾消散了。buyv.购买，买buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.Ccallv.打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令callsb.给某人打电话call+电话号码打某个电话号码callsb.at+电话号码打某个电话号码找某人callsb.sth.把某人称为...callhimawalking-dictionary把他称为活字典callonsb.拜访某人callats.p.拜访某地callby顺便拜访callfor要求，需要eg.Successcallsforhardwork.成功需要努力。callsth.off取消或放弃某事callup回想起Thisbookcallsuphappymemoriesofhischildhood.这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆。carev.对...在意，对...在意takecareofsb.照顾takecareofsth.处理，负责takecaretodosth.小心，当心takecarethat小心careabout关心Hedoesn’tcareaboutanythingwesay.caretodosth.愿意做某事(多用于否定句和疑问句)eg.Wouldyoucaretogoforawalk?你愿意去散步吗？carryv.搬运，携带carrysth.withsb.随身携带carryaway运走，拿走carryback运回，拿回，使回想起carryintoeffect实现，实行carryon继续进行eg.We’llcarryonourdiscussiontomorrow.明天继续我们的讨论。carrysth.toofar做的太过分了catchv.赶上（车船等），捕获catchupwithsb.insth.在某方面追赶上某人eg.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,hewillcatchupwithyouinstudy.区别：keepupwith跟上，不落后于keepupwithhim跟上他catchsb.doingsth.逮住某人正在做什么eg.Icaughthimstealing.我发现他正在偷东西。catchupsb’sattention/eyes引起某人的注意Iwascaughtintherain.我被雨淋了。catch(a)cold伤风；catchfire着火causev.造成，使发生causesth.eg.Thecatcausedthisterribleaccident.causesb.sth.eg.Thenewcarcausedmealotoftroubles.causesth.tosb.eg.Thenewcarcarsedalotoftroublestome.causesb.todosth.eg.Theillnesscausedhimtomissthegame.其他用法：Takecare!当心！chatv.聊天，闲谈chatwithsb.和某人聊天22\ncheckv.核对，检查checkout检查，核对，核查chopv.剁，砍，劈chopin插嘴，多嘴cleanv.打扫，清除cleansth.up把...收拾干净checkin登记combinev.结合，组合combinewith和...组合comev.来；来到comeaftersb.追赶或追逐某人comeback回来comefrom=befrom从...哪里来，来自...comeby从...旁边走过comedown(雨、雪等)落下；(价格)下降eg.Thepriceofpetroliscomingdown.汽油价格正在下跌。comeon加油comefor为...而来eg.Iamcomingformybookswhichwerelenttoyoulastyear.我为了去年借你的那些书而来。(我想要回去年借给你的书)comeout出来；发芽comethrough经历（困难等）cometoanend结束comeupwithsb.赶上，追上communicatev.交流，沟通communicatewithsb.与某人交流comparev.比较compareAandB=compareAwith/toB加以比较，两者相比较eg.Ifyoucompareherworkwithhis,youwillfindhersismuchbetter.compareAtoB把A比作Beg.Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.诗人把睡眠比作死亡。comparenotes(withsb.)交换意见、观点、看法等complainv.抱怨complaintosb.about/atsth.投诉，抱怨，发牢骚eg.Sheoftencomplaintomeaboutherpartner.concentratev.集中，聚集concentrateon/upon集中精力considerv.考虑，思考，认为considersth.考虑...considerdoingsth.考虑...eg.Iamconsideringchangingmyjob.我正考虑换个工作。considersb./sth.as把...当...来对待eg.Weconsiderhimasourfriend.considersb./sth.tobe把...当作...eg.Weconsiderhimtobeourbestfriend.continuev.使继续，坚持下去continuetodosth.=continuedoingsth,继续做某事Tobecontinued.未完，待续。copyv.复制，抄袭copysth.fromsb.抄袭某人的...copysth.down/outin/intosth.把....抄写在...上eg.Thestudentscopiedthesums(算术题)downintheirnnotebooks.学生把算术题抄在他们的笔记本上。22\ncoverv.覆盖becoveredwithsth.被…覆盖underthecoverof在…的掩护下，以…为幌子coverup掩盖，掩饰，隐藏takecover隐蔽，躲避criticizev.批评，批判criticizesth.eg.Hecriticizedmytakingrisk.他批评了我的冒险行为。criticizesb.forsth.eg.Hecriticizedmeformyrudeness.他因为我的卤莽而批评了我crossv.穿过，横过，越过crossoversth.穿过，穿越注：(1)与across的区别(2)与through的区别crowdv.挤满，充满becrowdedwith充满eg.Theroomiscrowdedwithpeople.屋里挤满了人。costv.价值，花费（时间、金钱等）sth.costsb.somemoney.某物花费某人多少钱eg.Thisfurcoatheboughtforhisgirlfriendlastyearcosthim$4000.costsb.sth.eg.Carelessdrivingcosthimhislife.开车时粗心大意要了他的命。cutv.切，割cutsth.forsb.=cutsb.sth.切...给某人eg.Pleasecutapieceofcakeforme.=Pleasecutmeapieceofcake.cutsth.fromsth.cutoff切断cutoffthepower切断电源cutdown砍倒；删减cutdownatree砍树eg.Yourarticleistoolong,pleasecutitdownto1000words.你的文章太长了，请把它删件到1000字。Ddealv.处理，应付dealwith处理decidev.决定，下决心decidetodosth.决定做...=makeupone’smindtodosth.decideonsth./sb.决定某事/某人decisionn.决定makeadecision做决定cometoadecision=arriveatadecision决定下来dependv.依赖，依靠dependon/uponsth./sb.视某物而定，取决于某物eg.Wheatherwewillhavethesport-meetingtomorrowdependsontheweather.明天我们是否举行运动会取决于天气情况。describev.描述，形容describesth.assth.把...描述成...；称作，称为eg.Hedescribeshimselfasadoctor.他把自己称为医生。discussv.讨论，议论discusssth.withsb.和某人讨论某事eg.HewasstilldiscussingthegamewhenIgotthere.discussdoingsth.讨论做某事eg.Theydiscussedsellingthehouse.他们在讨论卖房子的事情。22\ndislikev.不喜欢，讨厌dislikesth.讨厌某事disliketodosth.讨厌做某事dislikedoingsth.讨厌做某事注：与unlike的区别unlikeadj.与...不同的，不相象的dividev.分开，划分dividesth.into把...分成dov.做，干，行动doone’sbest做出最大努力dobusiness做生意dosb.afavour帮某人的忙dowrong做错dowith处理eg.WhatcanIdowithit?我怎么处理它？havesomething/nothingtodowith与...有关/无关eg.Ithasnothingtodowithyou.这和你没有关系。dreamv.做梦，梦到dreamof/about做梦，梦见withadreamof怀着...的梦想dropv.落下，掉下，使落下dropsb.off让某人下车dropback=dropbehind(sb.)落后dropout(ofsth.)从...退出Eenjoyv.享受...的乐趣，欣赏enjoydoingsth.享受做某事enterv.进入，参加enter+表地点的名词进入...entertheroom进入房间(注：不能说enterintotheroom)exchangev.交换exchangestudent交换生exchangesth.withsb.和某人交换…exchangetheseatwithsb.和某人换位置；exchangeexperience交流经验exchangeAforB用A来交换Beg.Heexchangedhishealthformoney.excusev.原谅，宽恕excusesb.原谅某人excusesb.(forsth./doingsth.)宽恕某人做某事eg.Excusemeforcominglate.原谅我来晚了。expectv.预期，预料expectsth.expecttodosth.expectsb.todosth.experimentv.实验，试验experimenton/upon在...上做实验explainv.解释，说明explainsth.解释某事explainadifficultproblem解释一个难题explainsth.tosb.向某人解释/说明某事情explainoneself把自己的意思解释清楚escapev.逃跑，逃走escapefrom从...逃跑22\nFfailv.失败failtodosth.没能做成功某事eg.ShefailedtopasstheEnglishtest.她没能通过英语考试。fallv.下降，落下fallback后退fallbehind(sb.)落后falldown失败，崩溃falloff数量或质量下降fallover摔倒fearv.害怕，担心fearsth.害怕...feardeath/illness害怕死亡/疾病feartodosth.害怕做某事eg.Hefearedtospeakinpublic.他害怕当众讲话。fearforsb./sth.对某事物/某人感到担忧或关心eg.Ifearforhersafetyinthisweather.在这种天气里我很担心她的安全。feedv.喂养，饲养eg.Shehasalargefamilytofeed.她要养活一大家子人。feedsb./sth.(onsth.)用......喂养......eg.Ifeedmydogonfreshmeat.我用鲜肉喂我的狗。feedsth.tosb./sth.给某人/某物喂......eg.Ifeedfreshmeattomydog.feelv.感到，觉得feelsth.doing感觉到某物...feeltheheartbeating感觉到心脏在跳动feel+adj.(feel是感官系动词，后面可以直接接形容词做表语。类似的词还有：sound,look,smell,taste)fightv.打架，争吵fightfor+抽象名词(如：事业，真理，自由等）为......而斗争，为......而战斗fightwith与......并肩战斗fightagoodfight打一场漂亮仗fightanenemy打敌人fillv.装满，添满fillin填充findv.发现，找到findsb.todosth.发现某人做某事（强调发现某人做某事的全过程）findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事（强调发现某人正在做某事）findout发现固定句式：findit+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.finditbeautiful/difficult/importantfinditimportant/necessaryforsb.todosth.finishv.完成，做完finishdoingsth.做完某事，完成某事fitv.适合，适应fitsb.适合某人Doesthecoatfit?这件大衣合适吗？Thecoatdoesn’tfitme.这件大衣不适合我。(注：不能说成：Thecoatdosen’tfitfor/tome.)adj.合适的，恰当的befittodosth.适合eg.Thedriedgrainisfittostore.晒干的谷物可以储藏。befitforsb.todosth.（befitforsb.;befittodosth.）Thefoodisnotforhumantoeat.这食物不适宜人吃。fixv.修理fixup修补，修理好22\nflyv.飞行flyakite放风筝Howtimeflies!时间过的真快啊！时光如梭。followv.跟随，追随followsth.跟着.....eg.Springfollowswinter.冬去春来。followsb.跟踪followone’sexample照...的榜样，以...为模范followtheadvice遵照指示forbidv.禁止，不许forbidsth.eg.Peopleforbidthismeeting.人们禁止这次聚会。forbidsb.sth.eg.Sheforbadehimwine.她禁止他喝酒。forbidsb.todosth.eg.Theschoolforbidsthestudentstosmoke.学校禁止学生抽烟。forgetv.忘记forgetsth.忘记某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事Ggetv.getalong(well)with和...相处（的好）geton(well)with和...相处（的好）；进展（顺利）getback回来，返回getintouchwithsb.与某人取得联系（表动作）区别：beintouchwithsb.与某人保持联系（表状态）getoff下车geton上车getover克服（困难等）givev.给，送给givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.giveaway分发，赠送givein交上，屈服giveup放弃giveoff发出（气味，光，热等）gov.goafter追赶goon继续goonwithsth.继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）goondoingsth.继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）goontodosth.接着做某事（前后做的是不同的事）goover复习，温习；仔细查看gothrough浏览，翻阅goup上涨，上升；攀升goagainst违反，反对growv.生长，成长growup长大，成长22\nHhatev.讨厌，憎恶hatesth.;hatetodosth.;hatedoingsth.havev.haveagoodtime过得愉快havesomething/nothingtodowithsb.与某人有关/无关havesth.on穿着，戴着hearv.听见hearsb.todosth.听见某人做某事（强调听见做事情的过程）hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事hearfromsb.收到某人的来信=receivealetterfromsb.hearof听说=hearabouteg.Iheardthatyouareill.听说你病了。heatv.变热，加热heatup加热helpv.帮助，帮忙helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事can’t/couldn’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事withthehelpof在...的帮助下helponeself(onsth.)自用（食物）helpsb.out帮助某人解决难题，摆脱困难等hitv.打击，撞击，碰撞hitsb.onthehead打某人的头holdv.holdon（打电话时）不挂电话holdone’sbreath屏息，不出声getholdof抓住，得到hopev.希望hopetodosth.希望做某事eg.Wehopetoseesoon.我们希望不久以后就见到你。hopefor希望eg.Ihopeforsuccess.我希望成功。inhopeof;inthehopeof;inthehopethat怀着...的希望注：没有hopesb.todosth.的用法。希望某人做某事用：wishsb.todosth.Iimaginev.想象，猜想，料想imaginedoingsth.imaginesb.tobeimaginesb.doingsth.impressv.使感动，使印象深刻impresssb.withsth.给某人留下...的印象eg.Thegirlimpressedherfriendswithhumour.impresssth.onsb.给某人留下...的印象eg.Thegirlimpressedhumouronherfriends.improvev.进步，改善improvesth.eg.Hehasimprovedhishealth.eg.Hishealthhasbeenimproving.improveon/uponsth.对...做出改进22\nincreasev.增大，增加increaseto增加到...(后接增长后的数目)eg.Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasincreasedto2000.学生人数增加到了2000人。increaseby增加了...（后加倍数或百分数）eg.Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasincreasedby10percent.学生人数增加了10%influencev.影响，对...起作用influencesth.n.影响，作用，影响力influenceonsth./sb.interestv.引起...关注，使...感兴趣interestsb.insth.使某人对...感兴趣eg.Heinterestedmeinfootball.interviewv.面视，采访，会见interviewsb.(forsth.)对某人进行面试或面谈interviewsb.(aboutsth.)对某人进行采访invitev.邀请invitesb.邀请某人invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事invitesb.to(介词)eg.WeinvitedTomtoourparty.Jjoinv.加入，参加joinsth.加入...jointhepartyjoinsb.insth.eg.Willyoujoinmeinbuyingapresentforher?和我一起去给她买个礼物好吗？Kkeepv.保持，保留keepintouchwith保持联系keepoff远离keepon继续做keepsilent保持安静keepupwith跟上，不落后knockv.敲，碰撞knockat敲...knockdown击打，把...击昏knockintosb.撞到knowv.知道，了解，认识knowabout了解，知道...的情况=learnaboutknowof听说过eg.Idon’tknowMr.Smith,butIhaveknownofhim.我不认识...但我听说过...beknownas作为...而出名eg.TheGreatWallisknownasthelongestwallintheworld.beknownfor因...而出名eg.ChinaisknownfortheGreatWall.beknowntosb.为...所熟知eg.TheGreatWallisknowntoallthepeopleintheworld.22\nLlaughv.笑，大笑laughat嘲笑eg.Ileftmybookintheclassroomyesterday.leadv.引导，引诱leadto(介词)引起，导致leadsb.tosth.引导某人learnv.学习，学会learnabout=knowabout了解learnsth.学...learnof/aboutsth.得知...learnhowtoswimlearnbyheart记住，背诵learnone’slesson吸取教训谚语：It’snevertoolatetolearn.学习不嫌晚。Liveandlearn.活到老学到老。leavev.离开leave+地点离开某地leavefor+地点动身去某地leavesth.落下某东西lendv.借给，借出lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把...借给某人区别：borrowsth.from从某人处借出...letv.让letsb.dosth.让某人做某事liev.卧，躺，位于（lie,lay,lain）liein(位于一个范围内)eg.ChinaliesintheeastoftheAsia.lieon(与...相邻，紧挨着)eg.ChinaliesonthesouthofKorea.lieto(不接壤，隔...相望)eg.ChinaliestothewestofJapan.likev.喜欢likesth.;liketodosth.;likedoingsth.likesb.todosth.;likesb.doingsth.listenv.听listentosb.听某人的话livev.活，生存，生活liveon靠...生存，以...为主食liveahappylife过着幸福的生活lookv.看lookat看…lookafter照顾=takecareoflookfor寻找lookdownonsb.看不起…lookthrough浏览lookout(of)向(…)外面看lookout小心=becarefullookaround环视lookup查阅lookupthewordinthedictionarylookitupinthedictionarylookback回顾looklike=belike看起来像lookover检查lookon旁观lookforwardtosth./doingsth.期待/盼望(做)某事22\nMmakev.做，制造makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.eg.Hemademeacoat.=Hemadeacoatforme.makesb.dosth.让某人做某事eg.Hemadethelittlegirlcry.makesth.+形容词eg.Wemustmakeourcountrystrong.bemadeof由...制成（能看出材料）bemadefrom由...制成（看不出材料）bemadeupof由...组成bemadein+地点某物生长在某地makeup编造；化妆makeupone’smind下决心makeupfor弥补marryv.嫁，娶，与...结婚marrysb.和...结婚eg.Shemarriedarichman.她嫁给了一个有钱人。Hemarriedayonglady.他娶了一个年轻的女子。marrysb.tosb.把...许配给...eg.Hemarriedhisdaughtertoaforeigner.他把女儿许配给了一个外国人。getmarried结婚（强调动作）eg.Theywillgetmarriednextyear.他们明年结婚。bemarried已婚，结婚（强调状态）eg.Theyhavebeenmarriedfor20years.他们已经结婚20年了。matterv.重要，要紧，有关系What’sthematterwith...?=What’swrongwith...?=What’supwith...?...怎么了？asamatteroffact事实上meanv.表示...的意思，作...的解释meantodosth.打算做...eg.Ididn’tmeantostartafightwithyou.我不打算跟你打架。mentionv.提及，说到Don’tmentionit.不用客气。mentionsth.tosb.对某人提及某事meandoingsth.意味着...mindv.介意Do/Wouldyouminddoingsth.用来客气地提出请求eg.Doyoumindgivingmeaglassofwater?Do/Wouldyoumindsb.’sdoingsth.用来提出询问，征求对方的意见eg.Doyoumindmysmoking?missv.(1)想念misssb.想念某人missdoingsth.想念做某事eg.Imisslivinginthecountry.我怀念住在乡下的日子。(2)错过，遗失eg.Hemissedthelastbus,sohehadtowalkhome.missone’sway=loseone’sway迷路movev.移动，搬动movein搬家moveon继续前进22\nNneedv.需要needsth.需要...needtodosth.需要做...needsb.todosth.需要某人做...inneedof需要eg.Hewasinneedofmoneyatthattime.那个时候他需要钱。needdoing（主动语态表被动，通常物作主语）eg.Thischairneedsrepairing.椅子需要修了。eg.Theclassroomneedscleaning.教室需要打扫了。句型：Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.对某人来说没有必要...Ooffendv.冒犯，得罪，使生气offendsb.惹某人生气beoffendedwith/bysb.forsth.因...而对某人生气beoffendedatsb.’swords对某人的话感到生气offerv.提供offersb.sth.给某人提供某物eg.Iofferedhimaglassofwine.我给了他一杯酒。offersth.tosb.奉献…给…eg.Heofferedhislifetohiscountry.他把生命献给了祖国。offertodosth.主动提出做某事eg.Sheofferedtocarrytheboxesforhermother.operatev.(1)操作，作业eg.Themachinedoesn’toperate.机器不工作/运转了。(2)动手术operateonsb.给某人动手术operationn.手术performanoperationonsb.(医生)给某人(病人)动手术haveanoperation(病人)做手术orderv.(1)预定，点(菜)ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.为某人订做...eg.Ihaveorderedyouanewsuit.我给你订做了一套新西装。(2)命令ordersb.todosth.命令/要求某人做某事inorder整齐，秩序井然eg.Putyourbooksinorder.把你的书摆放整齐。Ppassv.通过passthrough通过，经过passby从...经过传递passsth.tosb.=passsb.sth.把...给某人递过来Pleasepassmethesalt.帮我把盐递过来。payv.支付，付钱paysb.支付给某人钱payforsth.为某物付钱paysb.somemoney付给某人多少钱paysb.somemoneyforsth.为某物付给给某人多少钱paysb.todosth.雇佣某人做某事payabill支付帐单payattentionto注意payback偿还paysb.avisit=payavisittosb.拜访某人22\npickv.挑选pickoff摘下来pickout挑选pickup捡起来；收拾；好转，恢复生机；开车接某人eg.Iwillpickyouupthisevening.今晚我来接你。planv.计划，打算planon/forsth.为...做准备plantodosth.打算做某事pointv.用...指，指向pointto指向（较近之物）pointat指向（较远之物）pointout指出eg.Myteacherpointedoutmymistakes.practicev.练习，实践practicedoingsth.练习做某事，习惯做某事preferv.更喜欢，更喜爱prefersth.eg.Ipreferice-cream.prefersth.tosth.eg.Ipreferapplestopears.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.eg.Ipreferstayingathometogoingoutwithyou.[固定]prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.eg.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutwithyou.pretendv.假装pretendtodosth.假装做某事pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事eg.Thestudentspretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercamein.pressv.按，挤，压，逼迫，强迫presssb.todosth.强迫某人做某事providev.提供，供应，供给producefoodandclothesforone’sfamily养家糊口providefor(sb.)赡养eg.Hehasabigfamilytoprovidefor.putv.放置putaway把…收拾起来putback把（表等）拨慢putdown镇压putforward把（表等）拨快putoff推迟，延期puton穿上，戴上反义：takeoff脱下putthrough接通（电话等）putup搭建（帐篷）；张贴（广告）putupwith忍耐，忍受putthefatinthefire火上浇油putinto=translateinto把…翻译成…putout熄灭，关（灯等）；出版，发布Rraisev.筹集，募捐raisemoney捐款raiseanarmy招兵举起，升高raiseone’shand举手raiseone’sglasstosb.举杯祝福某人raiseprices涨价raiseone’svoice提高声音readv.阅读readout宣读readaloud朗读readsb.’smind看出某人的心思readsb.’shand看手相readbetweenthelines体会字里行间的意思，领会言外之意22\nrefusev.拒绝，回绝refusesth.拒绝某事eg.Herefusedmygift.他拒绝了我的礼物。refusesb.sth.拒绝某人某eg.Shecan’trefusehimanything.他什么也不能拒绝他。refusetodosth.拒绝做某事regardv.将...视为regardas将...视为...eg.Iregardyouasmybestfriend.n.尊重，尊敬givesb.’sregardstosb.把某人的祝福带给…remainv.留下，被遗留，剩余，保持不变eg.Iremainedthreedaysinthatcountry.我在那个国家逗留了三天。remaininone’smind留在某人的记忆里rememberv.记得remembertodosth.记得要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事rentv.出租rentsth.tosb.把...租给某人repairv.(1)修理，修补repairsth.修理...(2)纠正，补救repairamistake纠正错误(3)赔偿，补偿repairtheloss赔偿损失(4)恢复repairone’shealth恢复健康replyv.回答，答复replytosb.回答某人n.回答inreplyto为答复...reportv.报道，报告reportto向...报告Itisreportedthat...据说restv.休息havearest休息=takearestrestone’shopesonsb.把希望寄托在某人身上retirev.退休，离职retirefromone’sposition离职retirefromtheworld隐居returnv.返回，归来returntos.p.回到某处returntoschool返校returnhome回家returnsth.tosb.把...还给某人=returnsb.sth.returnsth.tos.p.把...还给某处haveagreatregardforsb.非常尊重某人ridev.骑，乘rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideon/inabus/atrain乘公交车/火车=takeabus/atrainrollv.卷，裹rollsb.over把某人打翻在地（或撞倒在地）rollby流逝Theyearsrolledby.岁月流逝。rollover翻滚runv.跑runafactory开工厂runacross无意间碰到runafter追逐，追求runaway逃走，离家runawayfrom逃跑runoutof用完runinto(1)陷入runintodanger陷入危险(2)偶遇runintoanoldfriend遇见一个老朋友22\nrushv.冲，奔rushtoward向前冲rushat/on冲向...rushinto(theroom)冲进（房间）rushupto冲向rushtodosth.冲着去做某事(积极地去做某事)Ssavev.挽救，节省savesb./sth.from从…里把…救出来eg.Hesavedthelittlegirlfromthefire.他从大火中救出了小女孩。savesb.sth.节省，免去eg.Thatsavedusalotoftrouble.那省去了我们很多麻烦。savesb.doingsth.省去某人做某事eg.I’lltelephoneandthatwillsavemewritingaletter.我会打电话，那就省得我写信了。saveone’slife救命savemoney省钱，存钱seev.看见seesb.dosth.seesb.doingsth.类似用法的单词还有：find,hearseekv.寻找，探究seekfor/after寻求，追求seemv.看上去Itseemsthat….看上去….eg.Itseemsthatheisill.看上去他好像病了。seemtodosth.看上去…eg.Iseemedtohaveseenyoubefore.我以前好像见过你。=ItseemedthatIhaveseenyoubefore.servev.为...服务，招待servesb.为某人服务servethepeople为人民服务servesb.sth.为某人提供…servethecustomerstea给客人们上茶sellv.卖sellsth.;sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把...卖给某人sellsth.tosb.forsomemoney把...以...(多少钱)卖给某人sendv.(1)送，寄sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.(2)打发，派遣sendsb.todosth.派某人做某事eg.Ihavesenthertobuysomemilk.sendforsb.派人去请…eg.Wemustsendforadoctor.我们必须去请个医生。shakev.震动，摇动shakeone’shead(at/oversth.)不赞成shakehandswithsb.和某人握手=shakesb.bythehandshootv.投篮，射击shootat向…射击shoutv.叫，喊shoutatsb.冲某人大喊大叫(不礼貌地)shouttosb.冲某人大喊=callouttosb.shoutforhelp高声呼救showv.展示，给...看showsth.出示...eg.Pleaseshowyourticket.请出示你的票。showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看...；出示...给某人showoff炫耀，卖弄showsb.around带领某人参观22\nshutv.关上（门，窗等）shutoff关掉shutup闭嘴sitv.坐下situp(late)=stayup(late)熬夜sleepv.睡觉sleeplate睡懒觉区别：stayuplate熬夜fallasleep入睡gotosleep去睡觉speakv.说话speak+语言说某种语言eg.HecanspeakEnglish.他能说英语。speakin+语言用某种语言说eg.PleasespeakinEnglish.请用英语说。speakto/withsb.和...说话speakaboutsth./of谈到...speakonsth.谈某方面的问题honestlyspeaking诚实地说spendv.度过(时间)，花费(时间、金钱等)spendsometime/moneyonsth.在某事、某物上花费…时间/金钱eg.Shespends5hoursonherstudyeveryday.他每天在学习上花5个小时。eg.Hespent1000dollarsonthisbookyesterday.昨天他买书花了1000美元。eg.Hespent3dayswithhismotherlastweek.上周他花了三天的时间陪他母亲。standv.(1)站立standup起立(2)忍受standsth.忍受某事standtodosth.忍受做某事(can’t)standdoingsth.无法忍受做某事standfor代表….stayv.逗留，保持stayup=situp熬夜stayawayfrom不在，缺席；逃避stopv.停止stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事storev.储存instore储存eg.Wehavealotoffoodinstore.我们储藏了很多食物。succeedv.成功suggestv.(1)建议suggeststh.建议某事eg.Hesuggestedawalk.他建议散步。suggestdoingsth.建议做某事eg.Hesuggestedgoingforawalk.suggestthat建议…eg.Hesuggestedthatwe’dbettergoforawalk.(2)表明，暗示eg.Heryawnsuggeststhatsheissleepy.她打哈欠表明她困了。supposev.假定，认为，期望supposethat….eg.Theysupposedthathewasdead.他们认为他死了。supposetodoeg.Theysupposedhimtobedead.supportv.支持，帮助supportsb./sth.支持某人/某事supportsb.insth.在某方面支持某人22\nTtakev.(1)乘，搭乘takeataxi/bus/train/plane/air区别：picksb.up开车接某人(2)拿走，带到takesth.(withsb.)随身携带...takesth.tosb./s.p.把...拿给某人，拿到某地方去takeaway拿走(3)吃takethemedicine吃药(4)记录takenotes记笔记；takeone’stemperature量体温(5)买I’lltakethissweater.(6)花费Ittakessb.somemoney/timetodosth.Ittooksb.somemoney/timetodosth.eg.Ittookhim1000dollarstobuythisringforhisgirlfriend.Ittakesme2hourstodomyhomework.扩展词组take...for...=mistake...for...误认为takegreattroubletodosth.不辞辛劳做某事take(good)careof照料=lookaftertakecare当心，小心，注意takeoff取消，拿去takeadayoff请一天假takeone’sseat就坐takeone’stime不急takeout起飞，拿出，取出takeback收回takepartin参加，参与taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事takeplace发生，产生taketheplaceof代替，取代takeonanewlook呈现新面貌takesth.seriously认真对待某事takeaphoto/pictureof照一张...的照片takenotes做笔记，做记录takeaim瞄准takeanaction采取行动takepridein以...自豪takeaninterestin对…感兴趣=beinterestedintakeafter(外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像takeup占据eg.Thedesktakestoomuchroom.这张桌子占了太多空间。talkv.谈论talkwithsb.与...交谈talktosb.和...谈话talkabout谈论关于talkof谈到，说到talkover商量，讨论talkinahighvoice高声说话teachv.教teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教给某人某事teachsb.todosth.教给某人做某事tellv.告诉，讲述tellsth.讲述...tellastory/alie/thetruthtellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于...tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.tellsb.todosth.thankv.感谢thanksforsth./doingsth.因为某事而心存感激thanksb.forsth./doingsth.因为某事而感谢别人thanksto幸亏，由于，因为eg.Thankstothedoctor,herecoveredquickly.多亏了医生，他恢复的很快。22\nthinkv.想，考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkof考虑，关心thinkabout考虑thinkup想出throwv.投，掷throwabout到处乱扔throwat向...扔去throwoneselfinto投身于...，积极从事translatev.翻译translateAintoB把A翻译成Btreatv.对待treatsb.well/badly对某人好/不好treatsb./sth.as把...当...对待eg.Don’ttreatmeasachild.troublev.使烦恼，麻烦，打扰betroubledby为...而烦恼eg.Don’ttroubleaboutit.别为此而烦恼。n.烦恼ask/lookfortrouble自找麻烦beintrouble处于不幸/困难/困境中tryv.尝试trytodosth.试图做某事trydoingsth.试图做某事tryone’sbesttodosth.竭尽全力做某事tryout试验trysth.on试穿n.haveatry试一下turnv.转turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turn+颜色变成什么颜色turnon打开turnoff关上turnup把...的声音调大turndown把...的声音调小turnin上交，上床睡觉turnout驱逐，把...赶走turnouttobe结果是，证明eg.Itturnedouttobeafineday.结果，那天是个好天气。turnover打翻，反复思考turnleft/right左/右转n.转动，轮流，时机byturns轮流，交替taketurns轮流，交替It’ssb.’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事Uurgev.强烈要求，竭力主张urgesb.todosth.怂恿某人做某事urgesb.intodoingsth.怂恿某人做某事urgeagainststh.极力反对某事usev.使用useone’sbrain动脑筋eg.Heusedhisbrainandfoundaway.usesth.todosth.用...做...eg.Iuseknifetocuttheapple.我用刀子切苹果。usesth.up用尽，耗尽n.用法，用途；价值，效用；习惯，惯例comeintouse开始被使用eg.Computershavecomeintowideuse.计算机开始被广泛使用。beoutofuse不再使用，废弃22\nmake(good/full/little)useof(好好/充分/不充分)利用Wemustmakefulluseofourbooks.我们必须充分利用我们的书籍区分：(1)usedtodosth.过去常常做某事（现在不做了）只用于过去时态Heusedtogetupearly.他过去总是起的很早。(2)beusedtodosth./doingsth.习惯做某事可用于多种时态中Hehasbeenusedgettingup.他已经习惯早起了。Hewillbeusedtogettingupearly.他将会习惯早起的。(3)beusedtodosth.被用于做某事被动语态Woodisusedtomakepaper.Vvisitv.参观，访问，拜访visitsb.拜访某人visits.p.拜访某地n.参观，拜访payavisittosb./s.p.拜访某人/某地=paysb./s.p.avisit有关“拜访”的说法：callat+s.p.callon+sb.Wwaitv.等待waitforsb./sth.等待某人/某事Ican’twaittodosth.等不及要做某事waitsth.forsb.(为等候某人)推迟...eg.Ishallbehomelatetonight,sodon’twaitdinnerforme.今晚我回来的晚，别等我吃饭。keepsb.waiting使某人等候或耽搁某人（如因对方不准时）eg.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起，让你久等了。waitandsee等着瞧wakev.醒wakeup醒来wakesb.up把某人叫醒/吵醒wakethedead把人吵死walkv.走，步行，散步walkupanddown走来走去walkalong沿着...走awalkingdictionary活字典wantv.想要，需要wantsth.wanttodosth.wantsb.todosth.washv.洗刷eg.Theclothwasheswell.这布很耐洗。washaway冲走，冲垮22\nwastev.浪费，滥用wastesth.浪费...eg.Don’twasteelectricity.It’sawasteof浪费...eg.It’sawasteoftime.wasteone’sbreath浪费口舌wastepipe污水管，废水管wastewater废水wastepaper废纸watchv.观察，监视watchsb.dosth.watchsb.doingsth.watchout当心，小心watchover守卫，看守，监视watchone’stime等待时机wearv.穿着wearoff消失，渐渐减弱wearout消瘦；穿坏，用坏，用旧；耗尽weighv.称，称...的重量weighoneself称体重，称自己的重量weighone’swords斟词酌句weighsth.inone’smind考虑某事winv.赢得，获胜winsth.获胜wintherace/game/matchwinsth.fromsb.在...中胜过某人区分：我们赢了他们。Wewonthem.(错误)Webeatthem.(正确)wonderv.觉得奇怪，想知道wonderatsth.感到惊奇wonderaboutsth.感到好奇workv.工作eg.Mywatchdoesn’twork.我的表不走了（不工作了）。workout算出，解决workat从事，学习，攻读n.工作（不可数名词）apieceofwork一项工作outofwork失业brainwork脑力劳动worryv.使烦恼，使焦虑worryaboutsb./sth.（对某人、困难、前途等）感到担忧，担心，发愁eg.Yourparentsareworryingaboutyou:dowritetothem.worrysb.(withsth.)烦扰或打扰某人eg.Don’tworryher;sheisbusy.worrysb.forsth.缠着某人要某物Don’tworry.不要担心。=Don’tbeworried.beworriedaboutsth.担心...writev.写writetosb.给某人写信=writealettertosb.=writesb.aletterwritedown写下来，记下来writesth.写...writeanarticle/anovel写一篇文章，写一部小说22