初中英语宾语从句课件 46页

TheObjectClause宾语从句\n宾语从句(Theobjectclause)定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。\n1.CouldyoupleasetellmeifDavidSmithcomes?2.CouldyoupleasetellmewhetherJanecomesornot?3.Couldyoupleasetellmewhowillbringfood?4.Couldyoupleasetellmewhatweneedtobuy?5.Couldyoupleasetellmewhenthepartystarts?6.Couldyoupleasetellmewherethepartyis?7.Couldyoupleasetellmehowwecangetthere?8.Couldyoupleasetellmewhichbusweshouldtake?\n宾语从句学习要点：一、语序二、引导词三、时态四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别五、宾语从句的反意疑问句六、否定转移三要素\nMyfavoritesportis…Iam…Ispeak/have/like…Icanplay…Areyou…?Canyouplay…?Doyoudo…?Whereareyou…?Whatcanyoudo…?Howdoyoudo…?陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句结构比较_____+____+…____主语谓语.?_______+_______+____特殊疑问词一般疑问句be情态动词助动词____/______/______+___+_____…______主语谓语?\n陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句_____+____+…____结构比较be情态动词助动词主语谓语____+____+…____.主语?_____+_______+…____特殊疑问词一般疑问句??____+______+…_____主语?_______+_______+…____主语结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前.\n句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序\n将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?ThereisabanknearhereItisonFifthAvenueTheyaredoinghomework\n4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?sheworksinahospitalyouwenttoCenterParkwehavetowearauniformwecanwearhatsinschool7.Canwewearhatsinschool?\n8.Where’syourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?WhereyourpenpalisfromWherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaksWhyyoulikepandas?\n一、宾语从句的语序陈述句语序即：连词＋主语＋谓语动词①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.\n②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderifheworkshard.或Iwonderwhetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.What’sthematter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变.如:Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematter?可以告诉我怎么了吗?\n3.下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。IthinkthathewillcometoChinanextyear.Iwanttoknowifhewasathomeyesterday.Canyoutellmewheredoesyourmotherwork?Doyouknowwhocananswerthequestion?Pleasetelluswhereisthehospital?yourmotherworksthehospitalisTTTFF\n宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：引导词（看从句）从句是陈述句(口语中常省略）从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句Weknow(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?thatif/whether（是否）wh-/how(即特殊疑问词)二.宾语从句的引导词\n1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.\n练一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow…2.Shesays…3.Tellyourfriend…（that）\n2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.\n练一练1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether\n3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.\n练一练Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?Whendoeshegetup?Howdidyougotowork?Whowillyouplaywith?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…4.Themanasked…\n引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether;是肯定语气，用that.\nIf/whether（是否）的区别一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介词后：Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.④做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisn’timportant.主语\n从句是特殊疑问句,当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致,可简化成:特殊疑问词+todo.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice？Canyoutellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice？\n1.填写合适的引导词1Canyoutellme______youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeCABB\n5.Idon'tknow___hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose8.Heaskedhisfriend_______togothereornot.A.ifBwhetherC.whatD.thatCAAB\n2：用that,if/whether,how,where,what,….等连接词填空.1.Ihear_____theywillvisitourschoolnextweek.2.Doyouknow_____thegirlis?3.Couldyoutellme_____Icangettothepark?4.Wethought______youhadneverbeentherebefore.5.Pleasetellme_______youlive.thatwhohowthatwhere\n6.Motheraskedme___________Ihadfinishedmyhomework.7.Doyouknow_____sheisangry?8.Theteacherasked_____yournamewas.9.Tomisten.Iwanttoknow_________youare.10.Heaskedyou_______youwereastudentornot.whywhathowoldwhetherif/whether\n三、宾语从句的时态（看主句）①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：1）Ihaveheard（that）he_____________(come)backnextweek.2）Wewonderwhenhe_________(start)learningEnglish.willcomestarted\n5)Hetoldmethathe_______________(be)toShanghai.6)Couldyoutellmehowhe________(go)toschooleveryday?hadbeengoes注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.\n时态练习1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Couldyoutellmewhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.areADCCouldyoutellme+宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。\n4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveledBC\n四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别1.宾语从句:ifwhen2.状语从句:条件状语从句if时间状语从句when是否什么时候(即特殊疑问词)如果从句时态根据句意而定当……时时态:1)主句一般将来时/一般现在时/祈使句/含情态动词,从句一般现在时.2)主句一般过去时,从句一般过去时.主要从汉语意思去区别，重点是时态运用。\n5.If/when区别练习:1.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow，Iwon’tcome.2.Hedidn’ttellmeifit_________(rain)tomorrow.3.Idon’tknowifhe__________(come)tomorrow.Ifhe______(come),I’lltellyou.4.Whenit________(stop)raining,we’llgoswimming.5.Couldyoutellmewhenthefilm____________(start)?I’llleaveforamoment.wouldrainrainswillcomecomesstopswillstart如果是否是否如果当…….的时候什么时候\n综合练习(各地中考题)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if2.Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.-HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.-Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.-Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whereAD谁动了我了奶酪A\n4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.-Doyouknow_____?I'mgoingtoseehim.-Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6-Wheredoyouthink___he___thecomputer?-Sorry,IhavenoideaA.／;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buyDCA\n17.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwasthematter8.-WhereisJack?-Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.thereDC\n其它问题否定的转移：当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时,其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。如：Idon’tthinkheisright.我认为他不对。\n附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：如：Shedidn’tsaythathewouldcomehere,________?2.当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：Idon’tthinkheisserious,_________?Ibelievehecanfinishitontime,____________?ishecan’thedidshe\n标点符号的确定：带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。主句是陈述句:。HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow.问句：？Doyouknowwhenhe’llbeback?\n一、引导词if/whether区别特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+todo二、语序whatisthematter?（怎么了？）语序不变三、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用一般现在时Couldyoutellme…?宾语从句六注意：\n四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别五、反意疑问句一般看主句I+think,believe,suppose,guess等看从句六、否定转移在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：Idon’tthinkhehastimetoplaywithgirl.我认为他没时间和女孩玩。\n练习：将下列各句合并成宾语从句。1.Whatishisname?Idon’tknow____________________2.WhendidyoubegintostudyEnglish?Ididn’tknow____________________________3.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.Theteachersaid__________________________4.Doesheliveinthatstreet?Couldyoutellme________________________whathisnameis.whenyoubegantostudyEnglish.itwasimportanttolearnEnglish.ifhelivesinthatstreet.\nTranslatethefollowingsentences.1.我认为不会下雨．I____________thatit____________.2.我认为你的答案不对.I_____________youranswer＿＿right.３.我们相信他还没走？We_____________thathe____________.宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主语中的动词．don’tthinkwillraindon’tthinkisdon’tbelievehasgone\n6.我不知道飞机为什么晚点了.Ididn’tknow_____theplane___________.7.他问我会议什么时候开始.Heaskedme_____themeeting___________.8.没人知道他是什么时候出生的.Nooneknows_____he___________.whywaslatewhenwouldbeginwhenwasborn\n9.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun__________thanthemoon.10.我不能肯定他来还是不来.I’mnotsure_______he________ornot.isbiggerwhetherwillcome\nGoodbye!Thanks