上海初中英语被动语态 8页

考情分析（2009—2013）考情分析五年考情分析—被动语态时间2009年2010年2011年2012年2013年占分0分1分2分2分6分题号无考查第42题第69题第70题第693题考点无考查单选，将来时被动句转，一般将来被动句转；一般现在被动句转；一般过去被动考点解读1、思维导图8\n千万不要忘记还有：情态动词+bedone哦！1.把握动词类型,辨别被动与否1)及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态eg:Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.主谓宾→Theteacherislistenedtobyus　　carefullyinclass.主　　　　　谓　　介词短语比较:2)初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况a)系动词无被动Thedishtastesdelicious.Theapplesmellssweet.b)某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash,write,sell,readTheplayreadsbetterthanitacts.Thiskindofclothwasheswell.(耐洗)Thepenwritessmoothly写起来流利。Thebookissointerestingthatitsellswell.8\n“sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来…..”作及物动词为“卖、出售”）a)Need+V-ing“需要被….”Mycarneedsrepairing.我的车需要修理b)4)Too…to句型Theboxistooheavytolife.c)5)不及物动词appear,disappear,fail,happen,last,remain,spread,breakout,cometrue,takeplace,belongto等比较rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；raise,seat是及物动词。(错)Thepricehasbeenrisen.(对)Thepricehasrisen.(错)Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.(对)Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.(错)Thepricehasraised.(对)Thepricehasbeenraised.2)双宾语的被动语态有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）（被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell、show、lend、pass、give、buy等。3)to的“前世今生”在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。seesbdosth（主动语态）sbbeseentodo（被动语态）一感二听三使（使役动词）四看feelhear、listentomake、let、have（马兰花）see、watch、notice、observe4)系表结构PK被动语态有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”eg:（1）8\n  （2）典型例题【例1】（上海2013年42题）Whichdoyouprefertousetokeepintouchwithyourfriends,QQ________MSN?A)andB)butC)orD)so【答案】C【解析】本题考查的是并列连词的选择关系，主要考查对前后句逻辑关系的理解和判断。常考的一些并列连词还有notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas等【例2】（上海2013年43题）Ihatetravellingbyair_________weusuallyhavetowaitforhoursbeforetheplanetakesoff.A)becauseB)thoughC)untilD)unless【答案】A【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之原因状语从句，主要考查上下句逻辑关系。主要考查词汇见从属连词考点讲解【例3】（上海2013年70题）Thisyear’scarexhibitionwasveryspecial.Itattractedmanyvisitors.(合并成一句)Thisyear’scarexhibitionwas________special________itattractedmanyvisitors.【答案】so,that【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之结果状语从句，主要考查上下句逻辑关系。主要考查词汇见从属连词考点讲解之结果状语从句【例4】（上海2012年73题）"Isitthefirstboys-onlyschoolinthecity?"askedaparent.(改为宾语从句)Aparentasked_______it_________thefirstboys-onlyschoolinthecity.【答案】if/whether【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之宾语从句，主要考查直接引语转换成间接引语时引导词的选择。主要考点that+一般陈述句；if/whether+一般疑问句；wh-+特殊疑问句【例5】（上海2012年40题）______Tony_______FranklikestheCD.Theythinkthemusicistoonoisy.A)Neither...norB)Either...orC)Both...andD)Notonly...butalso【答案】A【解析】本题考查连词中的并列连词之联合关系，本句主要考查上下句的句意和主谓一致关系。常见考点有neither...nor;either...or;both...and;notonly...butalso;aswellas.具体用法见并列连词考点之并列连词。学法点睛8\n识记下面的表格，是掌握被动语态的前提哦！8大时态的被动语态现在时态一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时谓语动词构成amis＋p.p.areamis＋being＋p.p.arewill＋be＋p.p.amis＋goingto＋be＋p.p.arehave（has）＋been＋p.p.过去时态一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时谓语动词构成was＋p.p.werewas＋being＋p.p.werewould＋be＋p.p.was＋goingto＋be＋p.p.werehad＋been＋p.p.2.情态动词+（not）+be+p.p.[注]p.p.表及物动词的过去分词3.被动语态口诀，帮你解决考试烦恼！被动语态强调“宾”，用be加上“过去分”。“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。“行为对象”作主语，逻辑主语“by”来引。原句若是双宾语，一变“主”来一保“宾”。“间宾”要把主语变，原来“直宾”还是“宾”。“直宾”要把主语变，“间宾”前加“to”最称心。唯有原“宾”是“复合”，只有变宾要当心。原句“宾补”变“主补”，位置不必挪寸分。情态动词变“被动”，情态加be加过分。如若“情态”后带to，变后有to才弄准。“短语动词”变“被动”，相当“及物”莫疑心。不过其后“介”或“副”，变后还得要承认。过关检测巩固测试：1、（奉贤2014一模40题）—Haveyouheardaboutthatcaraccidentneartheschool?—Yes,luckilynoone________.A)HurtB)washurtC)werehurtD)hashurt2、（虹口2014一模43题）Beforethebridge________,thelocalpeoplehadtoreachtheothersidebyferry.A)isbuiltB)willbebuiltC)wasbuiltD)hasbeenbuilt3、（宝山2014一模37题）Alotofwater________inShanghaieveryyear.It’sabigproblem.A)wastesB)iswastedC)havebeenwastedD)iswasting4、（静安2014一模42题）Ournextschoolsportsmeeting________intwomonths’time.8\nA)willholdB)hasheldC)isheldD)willbeheld5、（闵行2014一模39题）FreeFilmtickets________tochildreninsomecinemasinShanghaionChildren’sDayeveryyear.A)offerB)willofferC)areofferedD)wereoffered6、（闸北2014一模37题）TheTrojanWar________byHelenandherbeauty.A）causesB）iscausedC）causedD）wascaused7、（长宁2014一模39题）Alotofstudentsinthisuniversity________abroadasexchangestudentseveryyear.A)aresentB)weresentC)willsendD)send8、（杨浦2014一模44题）Wewillshortenthecommunicatingtimeafterthenewbridge________.A)willcompleteB)completesC)willbecompletedD)iscompletely9、（金山2014一模40题）The22ndWinterOlympicswill________inSochiearlythisyear.A)beheldB)heldC)holdD)beingheld10、（金山2013二模45题）XiJinping________presidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(PRC)inMarch,2013.A)electB)iselectedC)electedD)waselected11、（静安2014一模66题）Wemustthinkofaplotbeforewestarttowriteastory(改为被动态)Aplotmust____________________ofbeforewestarttowriteastory.12、（徐汇2014一模64题）ManypeoplehaveinvitedhertoperformsinceshebecamefamousintheTalentShow.(改为被动语态)She____________________invitedtoperformsinceshebecamefamousintheTalentShow.13、（普陀2014一模67题）Thegovernmentwillrebuildmoreoldbuildingsinthecomingyears.(被动语态)Moreoldbuildingswill____________________bythegovernmentinthecomingyears.14、（虹口2013一模73题）SomeshopownersuseChristmassongsduringthefestiveseasontomakeusmorecarelesswithourmoney.(改为被动语态)Christmassongs____________________tomakeusmorecarelesswithourmoneyduringthefestiveseason.15、（奉贤2013二模71题）Annainvitedmetoherbirthdaypartylastmonth.(改为被动语态)I____________________toAnna’sbirthdaypartylastmonth.提升测试：1、（黄浦2013二模43题）Anotherbigswimmingpoolwithmodernfacilities________inthecommunitynextyear.A.buildB.builtC.buildsD.willbebuilt2、（静安、青浦2013二模47题）8\nVisitorsfromAfrica________aroundthisbeautifulcitynextweek.A)showB)willshowC)areshownD)willbeshown3、（闵行2013二模47题）Teenagersunder19yearsold________tovisitthiswebsiteaccordingtotheruleslastyear.A.weren’tallowedB.weren’tallowingC.won’tbeallowedD.haven’tbeenallowed4、（松江2013二模48题）Thatancienttowerispartofourcity’shistory.It________manyyearsago.A)buildsB)builtC)wasbuiltD)isbuilt5、（闸北2013二模46题）LeiFeng________forhiswarmheartandkinddeeds.Weshouldlearnfromhim.A)knowsB)isknownC)wasknownD)hasknown6、（闸北2012一模44题）It’sterribletohearthatsomestudents________whentheytookaschoolbus.A)killedB)arekilledC)werekilledD)havekilled7、（闵行2012一模42题）Don’tworry,yourpackage________hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.　A.keptB.waskeepingC.hasbeenkeptD.willbekept8、（金山2012一模40题）—Haveyoumovedintoyournewflat,Mr.Smith?—Notyet,therooms________nextmonth.A.arepaintedB.arepaintingC.willpaintD.willbepainted9、（黄浦2012一模42题）Thechildren________bythefunnyperformanceinShanghaiCircusWorld.A.attractB.attractedC.areattractingD.wereattracted10、（长宁2012一模43题）Thetaxibasefare(起步价)inShanghai________from12yuanto14YuanlastAugust.A.raisedB.wasraisedC.hasraisedD.hasbeenraised11、（长宁2013一模71题）Janewroteseveralarticlesaboutmemorylastmonth.(改为被动语态)Severalarticlesaboutmemory____________________byJanelastmonth.12、（黄浦2013一模70题）Mrs.BushwillallowmetotaketheexamevenImissedsomanylessons.(改为被动语态)Iwill____________________totaketheexambyMrs.BushevenImissedsomanylessons.13、（浦东2013一模72题）ChinesepeopleinventedblackteaduringtheMingDynasty.(改为被动语态)Blacktea____________________byChinesepeopleduringtheMingDynasty.14、（静安2013一模70题）KittyexpressedmanythankstoherparentsonThanksgivingDay.(改为被动语态)Manythanks____________________byKittytoherparentsonThanksgivingDay.15、（闵行2013一模71题）OurclassteacherchoseourmonitortotakepartintheEnglishreadingcontestlastweek.（改为被动语态）8\nOurmonitor____________________totakepartintheEnglishreadingcontestlastweek.附【参考答案】巩固测试：1、B2、C3、B4、D5、C6、D7、A8、D9、A10、D11、bethought12、hasbeen13、berebuilt14、areused15、wasinvited提升测试：1、D2、D3、A4、C5、B6、C7、D8、D9、D10、B11、werewritten12、beallowed13、wasinvented14、wereexpressed15、waschosen8