初中英语近义词辨析中考复习 40页

初中英语近义词辨析中考复习1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.family,house,homehome家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.3.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.4.photo,picture,最新范本,供参考！\ndrawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画.1.population,peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.2.road,street,path,wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.3.custom,habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接todo，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.最新范本,供参考！\n1.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practicemakesperfect.2.class,lesson作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.Lesson6;class5.3.officer,officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员anarmyofficer4.work,job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数agoodjob最新范本,供参考！\n1.couple,paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers2.country,nation,state,landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.3.police,policemanpolice警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.4.problem,questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,最新范本,供参考！\nraise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连用.1.chick,chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.2.trip,journey,travel,voyagetravel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip3.sport,gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.4.price,prizeprice价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金winthe最新范本,供参考！\nfirstprize,Thepriceishigh/low.1.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof许多，谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目，谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.2.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof范围外的前面，inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.3.threeofus,thethreeofusthreeofus我们（不止三个）中的三个，thethreeofus我们三个（就三个人）Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.4.bybus,onthe最新范本,供参考！\nbusbybus表手段，方式，不用冠词，onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.1.nextyear,thenextyearnextyear将来时间状语，thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.2.inplaceof,intheplaceofinplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.3.agirl,onegirlagirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?4.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandthe最新范本,供参考！\nteacherthedoctorandteacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，thedoctorandtheteacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris1.inbed,onthebedinbed卧在床上，onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.2.inchargeof,inthechargeofinchargeof管理，负责照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.3.inclass,intheclassinclass在课上，intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.最新范本,供参考！\n1.asecond,thesecondasecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.2.it,oneit同一物体，one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.3.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'swhy…4.none,nothing,noonenone强调有多少，nothing,noone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.5.anyone,anyoneanyone指人，不能接of，any最新范本,供参考！\none指人物均可，可接ofanyoneofyou1.who,whatwho指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.2.what,whichwhat的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?3.other,anotherother后接名词复数，another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent4.many,much,alotofmany和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，alot最新范本,供参考！\nof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.1.muchmore…than,manymore…thanmuchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词，manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful2.no,notno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater3.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneselfbyoneself单独的，独自的，foroneself为自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的，自动的Thedooropenedofitself.最新范本,供参考！\n1.atall,afterallatall根本，全然,afterall到底，毕竟Afterallheisachild.2.tall,hightall常指人或动物，high常指物体Heistall.3.fast,quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly4.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise5.sleeping,asleep,最新范本,供参考！\nsleepysleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.1.just,veryjust表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语theveryman,justtheman2.real,truereal真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory3.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant常用作定语，pleased,最新范本,供参考！\npleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.1.ill,sickill做表语，sick定，表均可asickboy2.good,wellgood形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.3.quiet,silent,stillquiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。4.hard,hardlyhard努力，hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.最新范本,供参考！\n1.almost,nearly二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody2.late,latelylate迟，晚，lately最近，近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.3.living,alive,live,livelyliving,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive4.excited,excitingexcited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.5.aloud,最新范本,供参考！\nloudaloud出声地，loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)1.worth,worthy二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdoneItisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.2.bad,badlybad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need,want,require连用为"很，非常"gobadIneedthebookbadly.3.beforelong,longbeforebeforelong不久以后，longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong最新范本,供参考！\n1.quite,ratherquite完全地，相当于completely,rather修饰比较级quiteimpossible2.happy,gladhappy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语ahappygirl3.instead,insteadofinstead是副词，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介词短语，放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV. HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.4.toomuch,muchtootoomuch后接不可数名词，muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy最新范本,供参考！\n1.raise,riseraise及物动词，rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.2.bring,take,carry,fetchbring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk3.spend,take,pay,costspend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，payfor;cost物做主语，花钱4.join,joinin,takepart最新范本,供参考！\ninjoin加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；joinin参加小型活动,joinsb.in；takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.1.learn,studylearn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究studytheproblem2.want,hope,wishwant打算，想要，wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望（通常可以实现），hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望（通常不能实现）wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.3.discover,invent,find最新范本,供参考！\noutdiscover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，findout发现，查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.1.answer,replyanswer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接toreplytotheletter2.leave,leaveforleave离开，leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.3.rob,stealrob抢劫robsb.ofsth.，steal偷stealsth.fromsb.4.shoot,shootatshoot射死，shootat瞄准，但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.最新范本,供参考！\n1.drop,falldrop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词Pricesfell/dropped.Hedroppedhisvoice.2.search,searchforsearch后接地点，searchfor后接东西Hesearchedhispocketformoney.3.usedto,beusedtousedto过去常常，beusedto习惯于，后接sth./doingsth.；被用来，后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.4.win,lose,beatwin后接sth.，反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem5.liveon,live最新范本,供参考！\nbyliveon以…为主食，liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing1.beat,hit,strikebeat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下beatthewings2.lose,misslose失去（具体的物体），错过sth.islost,losethechance；miss想念，错过sth.ismissing,missthechance3.careabout,careforcareabout关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；carefor关心，照料，喜欢，愿意Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.最新范本,供参考！\n1.catchacold,haveacoldcatchacold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而haveacold可以Shehashadacoldforaweek.2.continue,last二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.3.feed,raisefeed喂养，养活，饲养(togivefoodto)，raise饲养，养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily4.goforadoctor,gotoa最新范本,供参考！\ndoctorgoforadoctor去请医生，gotoadoctor去看病1.notice,observe,catchsightofnotice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catchsightof突然看到observethestars2.look,seem,appearlook指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象appearwise,looklikehisfather3.gather,collectgather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectstamps4.diefrom,dieofdie最新范本,供参考！\nfrom表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，dieof表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold1.divide,separatedivide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开dividetheapple,separatethehouses2.arrive,get,reacharrive不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing3.grow,最新范本,供参考！\nplantgrow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plantthetrees,treesaregrowing1.manage,trymanagetodo设法做成了某事，trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.2.build,putup,setup,foundbuild一般用语，建成，putup临时搭建，setup建成（内部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool3.befamiliarto,befamiliarwithbefamiliar最新范本,供参考！\nto某物对某人来说是熟悉的，befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.1.agreewith,agreeto,agreeonagreewith同意某人，agreeto同意某事，agreeon在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数agreewithyou,agreetotheplan2.throwto,throwat　　throwto扔到…,throwat朝…扔Hethrowastoneatme.3.receive,acceptreceive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.4.wear,puton,最新范本,供参考！\ndresswear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.1.listen,hear　　listen强调动作，hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.2.look,see,watchlook看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watchTV3.lie,lay　　lie躺，位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied)，lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook4.hurt,injure,最新范本,供参考！\nwoundhurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤Hewaswoundedinthewar.1.turn,get,growturn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化turnyellow,gettired,growbig2.close,shut,turnoffclose和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turnoff用于指有开关的物体Close/Shutthedoor.TurnofftheTV.3.begin,最新范本,供参考！\nstartbegin侧重时间的开始，反义词为end，start侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stopClassbeginsat7:30a.m.1.happen,takeplacehappen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，takeplace必然性的发生Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.2.at,in(表地点)　　at小地点，in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai3.dayafterday,daybydaydayafterday日复一日（无变化）；daybyday一天天地（有变化）Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.4.like,as　　最新范本,供参考！\nlike相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体Don'ttreatmeasachild.(Infact,I'machild.)1.after,in(表时间)　　after接时间点，in接时间段after7:00,infiveminutes2.between,amongbetween两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间,among三者或三者以上之间SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.3.after,behind(表位置)after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后Therearemanytrees最新范本,供参考！\nbehindthehouse.1.since,for(完成时间状语)since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间forthreeyears,since3:002.onthecorner,inthecorner,atthecorneronthecorner物体表面的角上，inthecorner物体内部的角落里，atthecorner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）onthecornerofthetable3.onearth,ontheearth,intheearthonearth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，ontheearth在地上，在地球上，intheearth在地下，在泥土里nouseon最新范本,供参考！\nearth1.insurprise,toone'ssurprise,bysurpriseinsurprise惊奇地，toone'ssurprise使某人吃惊的是，bysurprise使…惊慌Thequestiontooktheprofessorbysurprise.2.inthemarket,onthemarketinthemarket表示场所或地点，在市场上，onthemarket出售Hesellsfishinthemarket.Freshvegetablesareonthemarketnow.3.through,across　　through穿越空间，across在…上穿过throughtheforest,acrossthedesert最新范本,供参考！\n1.ontheway,inthewayontheway在前往…的路上，intheway挡路Thechairisintheway.2.above,on,over　　above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方flyoverthehill3.until,not…untiluntil到…为止，not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）Iwaiteduntil3:00.Hedidn'tcomeuntil3:00.4.besides,except,exceptforbesides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），exceptfor整体…除了某一点以外Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafew最新范本,供参考！\nspellingmistakes.1.whether,if当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether，当如果解时用ifIdon'tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Ifhecomes,I'llletyouknow.2.and,orand并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中Idon'tlikeapplesorbananas.Hurryupandyou'llcatchthebus.Hurryuporyou'llmissthebus.3.because,since,as,for原因由强到弱为：because,since/as,for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because…2)Since/as…,最新范本,供参考！\n…3)…,for…SinceIwasill,Ididn'tgo.1.when,as,while(表时间)when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词WhileIslept,athiefbrokein.2.thesame…as,thesame…thatthesame…as和…一样的（相似但不同一），thesame…that同一物体ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.(同一支笔)3.aswell,aswellasaswell也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；aswellas并列连词，不但…而且…Heisaprofessor,andawriteraswell.最新范本,供参考！\n1.such…as,such…thatsuch…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于Heisnotsuchafoolashelookslike.Heissuchagoodstudentthatalltheteacherslikehim.2.because,becauseofbecause连词，连接两句话，becauseof介词短语，后接词或短语Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.3.inorderthat,inorderto表目的，inorderthat后接句子，inorderto后接动词原形Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatch最新范本,供参考！\nthefirstbus.1.forexample,suchasforexample一般只列举一个，suchas列举多个例子IhavebeentoalotofAmericancities,suchasNewYork,AtlantaandChicago.2.usedto,would表过去常常，和现在相对应用usedto，不提现在用wouldIusedtogetupearly,butnowIdon't.3.Allright.That'sallright.That'sright.Allright.That'sallright.当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用That'sallright.That'sright.那是对的---Sorry.---That'sallright.最新范本,供参考！\n1.such…that,so…that当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many,much,little,few修饰用so…that，不用suchthatsomanypeoplethat…suchalovelyboy=solovelyaboy2.so+be(have,can,do)+主语，neither(nor)+be(have,can,do)+主语也一样，肯定用so…否定用neither(nor)---Ican'tplaytennis.---NorcanI.3.ShallI…?Willyou…?　　ShallI…?征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？Will最新范本,供参考！\nyou…?请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意…吗？Willyouhelpme?Yes,Iwill. 【本文档内容可以自由复制内容或自由编辑修改内容期待你的好评和关注，我们将会做得更好】最新范本,供参考！