初中英语被动语态小结 17页

泸州十中曹霞\n一、英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态1、主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者。\n二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成。Be动词有人称、数和时态的变化※一般现在时:am/is/are+done※一般过去时:was/were+done※一般将来时:will+be+done或begoingto+be+done现在进行时:am/is/are+being+done过去进行时:was/were+being+done※现在完成时:have/has+been+done过去完成时:had+been+done※含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+done”构成情态动词有：could,should,would,can,must,may\n主动语态变被动语态用十字交叉法如：Catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fishiseatenbycats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。\n三、被动语态的特殊用法※1.使役动词make、let、have在主动语态中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。eg.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.makesb.do…letsb.do…havesb.do..\na.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.b.Isawhimcomeintotheroom.Hewasseentocomeintotheroom.hear、see、watch、notice、find等在主动语态中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被动语态时，通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。seesb.do….hearsb.do…watchsb.do..noticesb.do…findsb.do…\n3.不及物动词无被动语态eg.Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,______well.【2013江苏常州】A.sellsB.sellC.issoldD.aresold4.不及物动词+介词/副词可以用于被动语态，但介词/副词不能省略。eg.—Excuseme.I'mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.—Sorry.Thebookyouaskfor______out.【2013河南】A.issellingB.issoldC.wassellingD.willbesold\n※四．没有被动语态的几个常用动词：1.感官系动词无被动语态：look,sound,taste,feel,smell2.表示“发生”的两个动词：happen，takeplace3.属于：belongto4.及物动词cost表示“价值”、“花费”意义时，没有被动语态。5.cometrue、fallasleep无被动语态\n练习题1.English____intheworld.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken2.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung3.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade4.Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveusedDDDC\n5.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't6.Whowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby7.Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown8.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep9.Theflowers___often.A.shouldbewaterB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwateredD.shouldwaterBDABB\n10.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow11.Thetelephonecan_________forsendinginformation.A.useB.beuseC.beusedD.beusing12.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done13.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto14.Theapple___verysweetA.istastedB.tasteC.tastesD.aretastingACBCC\n19.Theearthquake___inWenchuanin2008.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened20.Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscostedBC\n1.一Whodesignedthisgame?（2013四川雅安）一It_____byTomin1999.A.isdesignedB.designsC.wasdesignedD.designed2.ManybuildingsinLushan____intheearthquakeonApril20th.Itwillsurelybereconstructed(重建)morebeautifully.（2013四川内江）A.havedestroyedB.aredestroyedC.weredestroyedD.aredestroying3.Chinese________bythelargestnumberofpeople.（2013四川南充）A.speaksB.speakC.isspoken\n4.WiththehelpofthepeoplearoundChina,manybeautifulnewbuildings____hereandthereintheearthquake-hitareainSichuan.(2013四川凉山）A.canseeB.canbeseenC.willsee5.—WhydidTomgotobedsolateyesterday?—Becausehishomework_____ontime.(2013四川广安）A.didn’tfinishB.finishC.wasn’tfinished6.—HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?—It___foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.(2013湖北黄冈）A.mustgiveB.mustbegiveC.mustbegivenD.mustbegave\n7.—Haveyoufinishedyourproject?(2013浙江宁波）—Notyet.I’llfinishitifI_______tenmoreminutes.A.giveB.amgivenC.willgiveD.willbegiven8．Alotoftrees_____aroundhereeveryyear，andwecanenjoyfresherairnow．(2013重庆）A．wereplantedB．areplantedC．willplantD．areplanting\n9.—Whatlanguages______inthatcountry?—GermanandEnglish【2013天津】A.arespeakingB.arespokenC.speakD.isspoken\n