初中英语基本时态总结[5] 48页

一一般现在时\n一般现在时：表示现在的状态、经常的或习惯性的动作、表示主语具备的性格和能力等。与一般现在时连用的时间状语：often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday/week/year等．一般现在时的构成：肯定句：主语＋is/am/are＋其它成分.主语(除第三人称单数)＋动词原形＋其它成分.Heisanofficeworker.Igetupatsixeveryday.主语(第三人称单数)＋动词s/es＋其它成分.Myfatherusuallygoestoworkbybus.\n否定句：主语＋am/is/arenot＋其它成分.主语(除第三人称单数)＋don’t＋动词原形＋其它成分.Theyarenotinthelibrary.Idon’tlikeswimming.主语(第三人称单数)＋doesn’t＋动词原形＋其它成分.Theoldmandoesn’tlikeplayingcards.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语＋其它成分?Do+主语(除第三人称单数)＋动词原形＋其它成分?Isitatalltree?DotheGreensoftengoswimminginsummer?主语为第三人称单数Does+主语＋动词原形＋其它成分?Doestheearthgoaroundthesun?\n特殊疑问句（一般时态）：疑问词＋is/am/are+主语＋(其它成分)？疑问词＋do+主语＋动词原形＋(其它成分)？Whattimeisitnow?Whendoyouusuallygotobed?主语为第三人称单数疑问词＋does+主语+动词原形＋（其它成分）？WheredoesJimdohishomeworkonweekdays?\nWherearethey?Theyareintheclassroom.\nIshehappy?Yes,heishappy.Ishestrong?Yes,heisstrong.\nWhatisit?Itisacat.Isshebusy?Yes,sheisbusy.\nAmIsad?No,Iamhappy.Isitveryhot?Yes,itisveryhot.\n我(I)用am,你(you)用are,Is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),遇到复数都用are.\nHeishappy.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Heisnot(isn’t)happy.Ishehappy?Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.\nIamhappy.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Iamnothappy.Areyouhappy?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.\nTheyareintheclassroom.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Theyarenot(aren’t)intheclassroom.Aretheyintheclassroom?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.\n肯定式否定式疑问式肯定否定回答Iamateacher.Iamnotateacher.AmIateacher?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.He/sheisateacher.He/sheisnotateacher.Ishe/sheateacher?Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’tItisacat.Itisnotacat.Isitacat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.We/You/Theyareteachers.We/You/Theyarenotteachers.Arewe/you/theyteachers?Yes,we/you/theyare.No,we/you/theyaren’t.动词be一般现在时的构成\ngetupwatertheflowersIgetupat6:35inthemorning.Shewaterstheflowers.\nplayfootballwatchTVTheyplayfootballintheplayground.HewatchesTVinthesitting-room.\n否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Igetupat6:35inthemorning.Idonot(don’t)getupat6:35inthemorning.Doyougetupat6:35inthemorning?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.\nTheyplayfootballintheplayground.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Theydonot(don’t)playfootballintheplayground.No,theydon’t.Yes,theydo.Dotheyplayfootballintheplayground?\n1.Jimusually________(have)lunchathome.2.LiGuanhua_______(be)twentyyearsold.3.Howmanystudents________(be)thereinyourclass?4.---______she_______(study)hard?---Yes,she_________.5.Lucyandlily_____________(notspeak)Chinese.6.Myfather______________(notdo)morningexerciseseveryday.7.Shealways___________(wash)herclothesonSundays.8.______yourbrother________(like)playingfootball?No,he____________.用所给动词一般现在时态填空:\n二一般将来时\nflykitestomorrowHewillflykitestomorrow.\nTheywillplaybasketballnextWednesday.playbasketballnextWednesday\nHewillflykitestomorrow.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:No,hewillnot(won’t).Yes,hewill.Willheflykitestomorrow?Hewillnotflykitestomorrow.\n否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Theywillplaybasketballthisafternoon.No,theywillnot(won’t).Yes,theywill.WilltheyplaybasketballnextWednesday?Theywillnot(won’t)playbasketballnextWednesday.\n一般将来时表示将来的动作、状态等。与它连用的时间状语有：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,inafewdays等。肯定句主语+shall/will+动词原形＋其它成分.否定句主语＋shall/will+not＋动词原形＋其它成分.一般疑问句：Shall/will＋主语＋动词原形＋其它成分?\n特殊疑问句疑问词＋shall/will+主语＋动词原形＋其它成分?如：WhatwilltheydonextSaturday?注：shall用于第一人称。will用于各种人称。口语中常用will代替shall。shallnot=shan’twillnot=won’t\n一般将来时态肯定式、否定式、一般疑问句式以及肯定回答和否定回答：I/Wewill(not)/shall(not)go.He/She/It/You/Theywill(not)Will/ShallI/wego?Willhe/she/it/you/theypositiveanswernegativeanswerYes,I/wewill/shall.No,I/wewillnot/shallnothe/she/it/you/theywill.he/she/it/you/theywillnot\n另外is/am/aregoingto也可用于一般将来时is/am/aregoingto+V(原形)表示将来的构成形式：肯定句主语+is/am/aregoingto+动词原形＋其它成分.否定句主语＋is/am/are+not+goingto＋动词原形＋其它成分一般疑问句：is/am/are＋主语＋goingto＋动词原形＋其它成分?\n特殊疑问句疑问词＋is/am/are+主语＋goingto＋动词原形＋(其它成分)?Be(am/is/are)随着主语的变化而变化。Be(am/is/are)goingto+V(原形)表示将来的用法。1).表示有计划、有打算将要做某事。如：Iamgoingtobuyawatchnextmonth.LiLeiisgoingtoseehisgrandmothertomorrow.\n2)go,come,leave等表示位置移动的动词用进行时表示将来。HeisleavingforBeijingnextweek.他下星期将去北京。I’mgoingtotheteachers’office.我打算去老师的办公室。\n用动词一般将来时态填空:1.We__________(hike)nextSunday.2.I________(do)ittomorrow.3.Myfather__________(come)backnextweek.4.Why_____you______(notclimb)thehillwithusnextSaturday?5.____she____(see)herauntsoon?6.Where____they______(move)nextmonth?7.____you_____(help)mewithmyEnglishtonight.willhike\ndomyhomeworkIamdoingmyhomeworknow.\nlistentotheradioSheislisteningtotheradio.\nhaveaclassTheyarehavingaclassintheclassroom.\n否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Iamdoingmyhomework.No,Iamnot.Yes,Iam.Areyoudoingyourhomework?Iamnotdoingmyhomework.\n否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Sheislisteningtotheradio.No,sheisn’t.Yes,sheis.Isshelisteningtotheradio?sheisnot(isn’t)listeningtotheradio.\n否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:Theyarehavingaclassintheclassroom.Theyarenot(aren’t)havingaclassroom.Aretheyhavingaclassintheclassroom?No,theyarenot(aren’t).Yes,theyare.\n现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或继续的动作。1、与它连用的时间状语有：now,rightnow,atthemoment等。2、前面有look,listen,It’s…(时间)等词时，也用进行时。现在进行时的构成：肯定句主语+be+V+ing＋其它成分.I’mreadingabookthesedays.MysisteriswatchingTVnow/atthemoment.Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.Look,it’sraining.It’ssnowingat6o’clock.\n否定句主语＋be+not＋V+ing＋其它.Kateisn’tlisteningtothemusicnow.一般疑问句：Be＋主语＋V+ing＋其它成分?Areyouenjoyingyourselvesnow?特殊疑问句疑问词＋be+主语＋V+ing＋（其它成分）?Whataretheydoingatthemoment?Be(am/isare)随着主语的变化而变化。\n动词现在分词的构成:1、一般在动词词尾加-ing构成，如go--going,study--studying,speak--speaking等.2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing构成,如:dance--dancing,write--writing等(注：die---dying)3、以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的动词而且该词是重读闭音节的时候,先双写最后这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run---running,sit---sitting,begin---beginning等.注：rain--raining\nLook,Mr.Wu__________(play)football.---WhereisLiLei?---He___________(water)treesinthegarden.3.Thebaby__________(sleep).4.Look!Adog___________(run)afteracat.5.TheGreenfamily__________(have)lunchnow.6.NowI______________(study)atanewschool.7.Who____________(knock)atthedoor?8.Theboys_____________(swim)intherivernow.用动词现在进行时态填空:isplaying\n1) I__________(be)astudent.Mysister______(be)astudent,too.2)Listen!She_________(sing)asong.3)5)There_______manycloudsinthesky.It___________________rainsoon.6)Sometimeswe______(play)footballafterschool.Wereally_____(enjoy)ourselves7) They_________(go)toGuangzhouforameetingnextday.8)Weknowthere_______(be)24hoursinaday.用所给动词的适当形式填空:\n三一般过去时\n一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Igotupearlyyesterday.Howwasyourweekend?Itwasgreat.Shedidn’tplaysportslastweekend.DidyougotoCentralPark?Yes,Idid.Wheredidyougoonvacation?结论：1．常带有表过去的时间状语（见到这些词用一般过去时）.ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,twodaysago,last(night,week,month,year,…),in+一个过去的年份,justnow,attheageof…,oneday,longago,onceuponatime(很久以前)\nbe的过去时:is---wasam—wasare---were①肯定句：主语+过去式+其他Hewasathomeyesterday.②否定句：主语+was/were+not+过去式+其他Hewasn’tathomeyesterday.③一般疑问句：was/were+主语+动词原形+其他Washeathomeyesterday?---yes,hewas.----no,hewasn’t.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（was/were+主语+过去式+其他）Wherewasheyesterday?\n行为动词的一般过去式：do--did①肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他Iwenttothemovieyesterday.②否定句：主语+didn’t(助动词)+动词原形+其他Ididn’tgotothemovieyesterday.③疑问句：Did(助动词)+主语+动词原形+其他Didyougotothemovieyesterday?④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(Did+主语+过去式+其他）Wheredidhegoyesterday?(movie)whendidhegotothemovie?(yesterday)\n4.动词过去式的构成有规则和不规则两类。规则动词过去式的构成有四类：1)动词原形+ed如look---lookedplay---played2)以结尾e的动词+d如live---livedhope---hoped3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一辅音字母，再加ed如stop---stopped4)以辅音字母+结尾的动词，先变“y”为“i”，再+ed如study—studiedcry---cried\nPRACTISE改写句子：1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.（变一般疑问句)______he___________meatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.（对划线部分提问）_________________she_____there?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.（变一般疑问句)_____there_____orangeinthecup?That’sgreat√\nThankYou!