初中英语阅读0914-2 10页

阅读IAfour-year-oldgirlislyinginthearmsofadoctor.Shehasjustlosthermother.Herpinkclothesarefullofbloodandhereyeslookatsomethingonlyshecansee.Everydayweseepictureslikethisonourtelevisions.WeseeIraqi（伊拉克的）childrenbeggingforfoodandwaterfromAmericanandBritishsoldiersastheymovethroughtownsandcitiestowardsthecapital,Baghdad（巴格达）.Weseethesechildrenfollowingparents,carryingbagsofalmostthesamesizeastheirsmallbodiesastheyescapefromtheirhomesinBaghdad.TheyshowjustsomeoftheyounglivesthathavebeenturnedupsidedownbyongoingwarandtheterriblepricepaidbyIraqichildren.“Dad,whyaretheAmericansfightingagainstus?Arewegoingtobekilled?"asksthesonfAbuSingar,anIraqiengineer.Abufindsithardtoexplainthiswartohiseight-year-oldson.Hetriestomakehimfeelsafebysaying,“Thebombs（炸弹）arefarawayfromus.TheAmericansarefightingthesoldiers.We'regoingtobeallright.”EventhoughAbuknowsitisn'talwaystrue,littleelsecanbedone.InBaghdad,parentsgivetheirchildrensleepingpillstotryandletthemescapefromthesoundofbombs.Andalltheschoolsareclosed・Nowthingsareworse,andtheongoingwarmakesitimpossibletocountthenumberwhoarehungry,sick,hurtorevendead.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。1.WhathappenstothechildreninIraqbecauseofthewar?A.Thechildrenwillgetbetterthanbefore.B.ThechildrenbegforfoodandwaterfromAmericanandBritishsoldiers.C.ThechildreninIraqgoawayfromtheirhomesinBaghdad.D.Thechildrenliveamostterriblelife.2.Whatdoestheword“ongoing”meaninChinese?A.正在进行的B•非正义的C.未授权的D.影响恶劣的3.Thefatherdoesn'ttellthetruethingtohischildbecause.A.hewantstomakehischildnotfeeldangerousB.heandhischildareafraidtoloseeachotherinthewarC.hedoesn'twanthischildtobelieveAmericansoldiersD.hewilllosehiscountryandhishome4.ThewarinIraqtellsusthat・A.theIraqipeopleinthewararemuchhungrierandworseB.weshouldhelptheIraqipeoplebuildtheircountryagainC.nothingcanbedoneexceptfightingD.bothAandB5.Whatwouldbethebesttitle（标题）forthereport?A.IraqichildrenduringtheWarB.Sickness,DeathinIraqC.AmericaandEnglandFightagainstIraqD.AGirlintheWarinIraq\nIISchooleducationisveryimportsntanduseful.Thestudentsbothlearnknowledgeandgetaneducation.Yet,noonecanlearneverythingfromschool.Thescientists,suchasEdison,Newton,GalileoandEinstein,didnJtlearneverythingfromschool.Theylearnedalotofknowledgeoutsideschoolorinpracticebythemselves.Ateacher,evenheknowsalot,can'tteachhisstudentseverything.Theteacher'sjobistoshowhisstudentshowtolearn,howtoreadandhowtothink.Agoodteacherwithrichexperienceinteachingcanteachhisstudentsthemethods(=ways)ofstudy.Throughthesemethodsthestudentsareabletolearnandgetalotofthingsbythemselves.Usuallyitisveryeasyforthestudentstoremembersomeknowledge,butitisverydifficulttouseitforproblems.Ifateacherreallyshowsthestudentstheabilityofhowtouseknowledge,itmeanstheteacherhaslearnedlotsofknowledgebyhimself(orherself).Thesuccessinlearningshowsheorsheknowshowtostudy.(A)根据短文内容选择最佳答案。1.Fromthispassageweknow.A.thestudentsaretaughteverythingatschoolB.ateachercan'tteachthestudentseverythingC.schoolisreallynotimportantandusefulD.Edisonlearnedlotsofknowledgeatschool2.Ateacher'sjobis・A.tohelpthestudentswiththeirlessonsB.toteachthestudentseverythingC.toshowthestudentshowtostudybythemselvesD.totellthemthewaytostudy3.Choosetherightorderofthispassage.a.Howimportantarethestudymethodsforstudents?b.Whatdoestheteacher'sexperieneeofsuccessinstudymean?c.Whereshouldthestudentsstudy?d.Whatisthejobofateacher?A.c,a,b,dB.b,c,a,dC.c,b,d,aD.c,d,a,b4.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.Ifweknowhowtolearn,wecangetalotofknowledge.B.Wecanlearneverythingfromourteachers.C.Thewritertellsusthatpracticeismoreimportantforthestudentsthanlearning.D.Itistheonlyjobforthestudentstolearnknowledge.5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle(标题)？A.ArealjobforteachersB.StudyinandoutsideschoolC.Practice—theonlywayoflearningD.HowtolearnknowledgeHaveyoueverheardyourownvoice?“Ofcourse,Hyousay.Hasanyoneelseeverheardyourvoice?Againyousay,uOfcourse."\nButthafsnotquitetrue・Nobodyelsehaseverheardyourvoice—thewayyouhearit.Whenyoutalk,yousetupsoundwaves（声波）.Theairoutsideyourheadcarriesthesoundwavestoyourouterears・But,ofcourse,thesoundofyourvoicebeginsinsideyourhead.Thebones（骨头）ofyourheadpickupthesoundwaves,too.Theycarrythesoundwavesstraighttoyourinner（里面的）ears.Yougetthesoundfromtheoutsideandtheinsidetoo.Otherpeoplegetjustthesoundwavesfromtheoutside.Thafswhytheydon'thearyourvoicethewayyoudo.1.Soundtravelsintheform（形式）of.A.bonesB.airC.wavesD.voice2.Thesoundofyourvoicebegins・A.insideyourheadB.outsideyourheadC.inyourinnerearsD.inyourouterears3.Whenyoutalk,otherpeoplehearyourvoice.A.throughthebonesofyourheadB.fromtheoutsideC.fromtheinsideD.alloftheabove4.Thephrase“pickup”heremeans・A.toraiseB.togetC.tochooseD.topull5.Thepassageismainlyabout・A.wavesintheairB.thewayyouhearyourownvoiceC.voicegetsaroundfarandwideD.thedifferentwaysyouandothershearyourvoice4Inthesummerof1978anEnglishmannamedStevenwasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingontheground.Theflattenedwheatformed（形成）acircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Threeyearslaterafarmerwholivednearbydiscoveredalmostthesamecirclesinoneofhisfields.Thesecircleswerelarger—nearly15metersacross・Thatsameyear,anotherEnglishfarmerdiscoveredthreecirclesofflattenedwheatonhisland—onelargecirclebetweentwosmallcircles・Duringthefollowingyears,farmersinEnglandfoundcirclesintheirfieldsmoreandmoreoften.Thecirclesarecalleducropcircles"becausetheyusuallyappearinfieldsofwheatorcorn.Thewheatinthecirclesliesonthegroundbutisneverbroken;itkeepsongrowing,andthefarmerscanlaterharvestit・Farmersalwaysdiscoverthecropcirclesinthemorning,sothecirclesprobablyformat\nnight.TheyappearonlyinthemonthsfromMaytoSeptember.Whatcausesthecropcircles?Atfirst,peoplethoughtthatsomekidsweremakingthemasajoke,orthatfarmersweremakingthemtoattracttourists.（Infact,in1991,twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves,butmanyscientistsdon'tbelievethem.）Peopletriedtocopythem:Theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn'tdoit.Theycouldn"Flattenedwheat"means.A.brokenwheatB.lyingwheatC.harvestedwheatD.growingwheatThepassageismainlyaboutsomethingA.thatisdonebylivingthingsfromouterspaceB.thatcannotbesolvedbutfoundallaroundtheworldC.thatcannotbemadeclearorunderstoodD.thatisdiscoveredandcopiedbythefarmerstenterafieldofwheatwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldnlflattenthewheatwithoutbreakingit.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangerobjectsnearthefieldswherecropcircleslaterappeared.Manypeoplebelievethatthesecropcirclesarethemessagessentbylivingthingsfromouterspace（夕卜层空间）orthemarksleftbytheirspaceships.Scientistswhohavestudiedthecropcirclestrytofindoutwhatcausesthem.Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment（最新高科技设备）.Theequipment—worth1.8milliondollars—gotnothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafield,cropcirclesformedinthefieldbehindthem,whichwerequitedifferentfromtheothers・Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.WhenStevendiscoveredthecropcirclesonhislandin1978,hesaid,“Itwasjustlikesomethingthathadlandedinthefieldfromtheairandgonebackupagain.Idon'tknowwhattomakeofthesethings."CropcircleshaveappearedinEngland,Japan,theUnitedStatesandRussia.Expertsfromallovertheworldhavestudiedthem,andtheysaywhatStevensaid:Theydon'tknowwhattomakeofthesethings.1.Whichpictureisprobablytheoneformedinthefieldbehindthescientists?\nWinterisdangerousbecauseit'ssodifficulttoknowwhatisgoingtohappenandaccidentstakeplacesoeasily.Fogcanbewaitingtomeetyouoverthetopofahill.Icemightbehidingunderthemelting（融彳匕）snow,waitingahead（前面）tosendyouofftheroad.Thecarcomingtoyoumaysuddenlyslipacrosstheroad・RuleNumberOnefordrivingonicyroadsistodrivesmoothly（平稳地）.Suddenmovementscanmakeacarverydifficulttocontrol.Soeverytimeyoueitherstartorstopyourcar,increaseorreduceyourspeed,youmustbeasgentleandslowaspossible・Supposeyouaredrivingwithafullcupofhotcoffeeontheseatnexttoyou.Drivesothatyouwouldn'tspill（溅）it.RuleNumberTwoistopayattentiontowhatmighthappen.Themoreicethereis,thefurtherdowntheroadyouhavetolook.Testhowlongittakestogentlystopyourcar.Rememberthatyoumaybedrivingmorequicklythanyouthink.Generally,allowtwiceofyourusualstoppingdistaneewhentheroadiswet,threetimesthisdistaneeonsnow,andevenmoreonice.Trytostayincontrolofyourcaratalltimeandyouwillnotgetintotrouble・（选自2003年上海市试题）1.Thewritertriestointhispassage・A.showhisdislikesaboutbadwinterweatherB.giveinformationaboutwinterweatherC.askpeoplenottodriveinwinterD.advisepeopleaboutsafedrivinginwinter1.Peoplecanafterreadingthispassage.A.findoutabouttheweatherB.getsomeinformationondrivinglessonsGlearnaboutbetterdrivingD.decidewhichisthebestseasonfortraveling2.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinksthat・A.peopleshouldnotdriveinthesnowA.SLOWDOWNNOW<-■FOG卩AHEAD-1B.driversshouldthinkmoreaboutproblemsinwinterdrivingB.C.peopledrivetoofastinwinterDRIVECAREFULLY，ICEONROADaD.winterdriversshouldstoptheircarslessAHEAD“4」nthepassagehewritertalksaboutacupofcoffee.C.SLOWDOWN♦ACCIDENTvAHEAD"A.toshowhowimportantsmoothmovementsareB.toaskthedriverstobringsomesoftdrinkswiththemD.hDRIVECAREFULLY-ROADREPAIRS-1AHEAD卩C.totellthedriverstobemorerelaxedD.toshowhowitanbespilled5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Trafficaccidentstakeplaceeasilyinwinter.A.Fogandmeltingsnowoftencausecaraccidents.B.Thestoppingdistaneeoniceisaslongastheusualone.C.Inwinteryoushoulddriveyourcarwithgreatcare.1.Whichtrafficsignshowsthemainideaofthepassage?6\nFourmenwhowouldbecomefatherswereinahospitalwaitingroomwhiletheirwiveswereinlabor（分娩）.Thenursearrivedandproudlysaidtothefirstman,“Congratulations,sir.You5rethefatheroftwins!”“Whatacoincidence（巧合）！IworkfortheMinnesotaTwinsBaseballteamsLaterthenursereturnedandcongratulatedthesecondfatheronthebirthofhistriplets（三胞胎）.“Wow!Thafsunbelievable!Iworkforthe3MCompany.”Anhourlater,thenursereturnedtocongratulatethethirdmanonthebirthofhisquadruplets（四胞月台）.Surprised,heonlycouldanswer,“Idon'tbelieveit!IworkfortheFourSeasonsHotel!nAfterthis,everyoneturnedtothefourthmanwhohadjustfainted（晕）.Thenurseranfasttohisside・Asheslowlycametohimself,theycouldhearhimspeakinaverylowvoiceoverandover,ulshouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobat7-Eleven.”1.Whywerethefathersthere?A.Theywerewaitingfortheirwives.B.Theywereseeingdoctors.C.Theywerewaitingfortheirbabiestobeborn.D.Theywereworkingatmennursesthere.2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthethirdman?A.Hethoughtthenursemadeamistake.B.Hewasverysurprisedatthenurse'swords・C.Hedidn'twanttohavethesebabies.D.Heshouldneverhaveworkedat7・Eleven.3.Whydidthefourthmanfaintwhenheheardwhatthenursetoldthethirdman?A.Hewwasafraidofhavingsomanybabies・B.Hewasseriouslyill.C.Hewastooexcited.D.Hewasverygladtohave7babies.4.Atleasthowmanybabieswouldbebornaccordingtothestory?A.9.B.10.C.11.D.14.7ItissometimessaidthattheEnglisharepolitepeople.Thiscanmakelifedifficultforforeigners.SupposeaforeignboyasksanEnglishgirltogooutwithhimandshesays,“IfIfinishmywork,111meetyouinthecafeat7o'clock.”Isshesaying“yes”or“no”tohisinvitation?Ingrammaticalterms,sheisusingtheconditionalstructure.Byusingtheconditional,speakersofEnglishcanavoidgivingauyes”oruno”answertoaquestion.Itenablespeopletobediplomatic.Ifthegirldoesn'twanttogooutwiththeboy,shewon1turnupatthecafe.Shewilllethimunderstandsheisstillworking.Ifshewantstogooutwithhim,butdoesn'twanttoappeartooeasytocatch,shehasachievedthatwithherreply.Butinthiscase,assheusesthefirstconditionalthatshowsprobability;sheisquitelikelytoturnupatthecafe.Being\npolitecanmakelifeverydifficult!Theconditionalisoftenusedbypeopleinthenews—politicians,forexample—whowishtoavoidspeakingouttheirideas.Thisisveryimportantiftheyareontheirwaytodiscussanagreement.Noonewantstogiveawayhisorherpointsbeforeheorshestarts.Agovernmentspokesmanmightsaytoagroupofworkers,ulfwecouldpayyoumore,wewould."Theuseoftheconditionalheremakesroomforargumentalthoughthespeakerisusingthesecondconditionalform,whichshowsimprobability.Soitisunlikelytheworkerswillgettheirrise.“If”isasmallword,whichappearsoftenintheEnglishIanguage.Itcanshowpoliteness,reportedspeechandconditionalssuchastheFirst一probability-ifIcancometoyourparty,Iwill;theSecond-improbability-ifIsawyoutomorrow,Tdgiveyouthebook;andtheThird“impossibility(meaningitistoolatetochangesomethingthathashappened)-ifyouhavetoldme,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.注：conditionalstructure表示条件的句式avoid避免diplomatic婉转的achieve达至0politician政客1.Theusingoftheconditionalcanmakeaspeech.A.clearerB.QuickerC.morepoliteD.moreexciting2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Languageusedinthenewsshouldmakeroomtoargue・B.UsuallyEnglishgirlsarenoteasytocatch.C.Englishpeopleneverspeakouttheirideasinpublic.D.Theword"if”canshowdifferentmeanings.3.Inthepassage,“Ifwecouldpayyoumore,wewould.”probablymeansA.theworkerswillmakemoremoneyB.thespokesmandoesn*tgiveanypromiseC.thespokesmankeepshiswordD.theworkers5problemsaren'tdifficult4.Thispassageismainlytalkingabout・A.theconditionalincommunicationB.howtoinviteagirlinBritainC.BritishpeopleandtheirlifeD.somelanguagepointsindailyEnglish8Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpests(昆虫)havetheirspecialcolors?Colorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts（蝗虫）,butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops.Whencropsaregreen,Iocustslookgreen.Butastheharvesttimecomes,locustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshave.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.Ifyoustudytheanimallife,youllfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotectthemselves.Bears,lionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters（猎人）.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees.\nHaveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?Akindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid（液体）whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover（散开），itsenemies（敌人）cannotfindit.Anditimmediatelyswimsaway.Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisnotstrongatall.1.Fromthepassagewelearnthatlocusts・A.aresmallanimalsB.areeasilyfoundbybirdsC.aredangeroustotheirenemiesD.changetheircolorstoprotectthemselves2.Howcanpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantskeepoutofdanger?A.Theyrunawayquickly.B.Theyhavethecolorsmuchliketheirenemies.C.Theyhidethemselvesbydayandappearatnight.D.Theyhavetomovequietly.3.Bearsandlionscankeepsafebecause・A.theyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetreesB.theymovequietlyC.theylikebrownandgraycolorsD.theyliveinforests4.Whycanthekindoffishliveuptonow?A.Becauseitisveryandstrong.B.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcanhelpitescapefromitsenemies.C.Becausetheliquiditsendsoutcankillitsenemies.D.Becauseitswimsfasterthananyotherfish.5.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheChangeofColorsforAnimalsandPestsB.ColorsofDifferentAnimalsandPestsC.TheMainUseofColorsforAnimalsandPestsD.SomeAnimalsandPestsATherecentdeathoftheworldsmostfamoussheep一Dollytheclone一hasnotdampenedtheenthusiasm（热情）ofChinesescientists,whoareworkinghardtomakemorebreakthroughsinclonetechnology.“ItishardtosaywhetherDollydiedatarelativelyyoungageordiedfromdefects（缺陷）inreproduction,DuMiao,aresearcherwiththeBiologyandGrowthInstituteoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDailyinBeijingyesterday."ButDolly'scaseremindsusthatbothChineseandforeign\nscientistsshouldputmoreeffortsintoimprovingclonetechnologyaswellasdiseasetreatmenttechniquesinthefieldofcloninganimals.”Hesaidhisinstitute,incooperation（合作）withYangzhouUniversityinEasternChinafsJiangsuProvince,hadclonedmorethan10sheepsince1999andtheoldestisnearlyfive.Theyareallstillalive.LiNing,deputydirectoroftheNationalKeyLaboratoryofAgriculturalandBiologicalTechnology,whoisalsoaprofessorwiththeBeijingbasedChinaAgricultureUniversity,said,aClonetechnologyisactuallyprogressingwell.Dollyisthefirstclonedsheepafterall.Likedrivingcars,newdriversmeetwithaccidentsmoreeasilybutthemoreyoudrive,theeasierandsaferyoufeel.Inthefuture,thedeathrateofclonedanimalswillbereducedwithtechnologicaldevelopments.”“Officialreportsshowsevenlocallyclonedsheeparestillalive.ClonetechnologyinChinaisgraduallyapproaching（接近）alevelofcommercialization（商业化），”Liadded.ButWangYu,deputydirectoroftheBiologicalTechnologyCentreundertheMinistryofScienceandTechnology,saidthecommercializationofclonetechnologydependsonmarketdemand.1•FromDolly'sdeath,someoftheChinesescientists.A.thinkithasdampenedtheirenthusiasmB•believeitdiedfromdefectsinreproductionC.thinktheyshouldimprovenotonlydiseasetreatmenttechniquesbutalsoclonetechnologyA.aresatisfiedwiththeirsuccessesinclone2.LiNingtookdrivingcarsforexampletoshow.A-thedifficultywithclonetechnologyB.anythingisdifficultinthebeginningC.clonetechnologyisdifficultinthebeginningandhasabrightfutureD.clonetechnologywillbemoredifficultinthefuture3.AccordingtoLiNing,theChineseclonetechnologyisA-behindsomeothercountriesC•amongthedevelopedcountries4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LearningLessonsfromDollyEnthusiasmB•progressingbadlyD.actuallydevelopingwellB•ChineseScientists1CloneD.ChineseCloneTechnologyWellC.CloneTechnologylikeDrivingCarsDevelopedBTokyoisoneofthoseplacesthatyoucanloveandhateatthesametime-InTokyotherearealwaystoomanypeopleintheplaceswhereyouwanttobe.Ofcoursetherearetoomanycars.TheJapanesedriveveryfastwhentheycan,butinTokyotheyoftenspendalongtimeintrafficjams（交通阻塞）.TokyoisnotdifferentfromLondon.ParisandNewYorkinthat.Itisdifferentwhenonewantstowalk.AtcertaintimesofthedaytherearealotofpeopleonfootinLondon'sOxfordStreet.ButthestreetneartheGinzainTokyoalwayshasalotofpeopleonfoot,andsometimesitisreallydifficulttowalk.Peopleareverypolite；therearejusttoomanyofthem.\nTheworsttimetobeinthestreetisat11：30atnight.Thatiswhenthenightclubsareclosingandeverybodywantstogohome.Thereare35,000nightclubsinTokyo,andyoudonotoftenseeonethatisempty.Duringtheday,mostpeopletraveltoandfromworkbytrain.Tokyopeoplebuysixmilliontrainticketseveryday.Atmoststations,trainarriveseverytwoorthreeminutes,butatcertainhourstheredonotseemtobeenoughtrains.Althoughtheyareusuallycrowded,Japanesetrainsareverygood.Theyalwaysleaveandarriveontime.OnaLondontrain,youwouldseeeverybodyreadinganewspaper.InTokyotrains,everybodyinaseatseemstobeasleep,whetherhisjourneyislongorshort.InTokyo,Istoodoutsidethestationforfiveminutes.Threefireenginesraced（疾驰）pastonthewaytooneofthemanyfiresthatTokyohaseveryday.Tokyohassomanysurprisesthatnoneofthemcanreallysurprisemenow.1.Tokyoisdifferentfi*omLondoninthat.A.ithasalargerpopulationB•itisanoisycityC.itismoredifficulttogosomewhereonfootD.itspeoplearemorefriendlyandmorepolite2.Whendoesthewriterthinkistheworsttimetogointothestreet?B.At8：00a.m.D・At11：30a.m.A.Whenthenightclubsareclosing.C.Whenthetrainisovercrowded.3.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofJapanesetrains?A.Theyareveryniceandcomfortable.B.Therearenotenoughtrains.C.Theyoftenrunbehindtime.D.Theyleaveandarriveontime.4.InTokyotrains,everyJapaneseinaseat.A.readsanewspaperB•lookslikebeingasleepC.talkswithothersD.looksoutofthewindow5.Fromthepassage,wecanseethatfiresbreakoutinTokyo.A•quiteoftenB•veryrarelyC.occasionallyD.onlyseveraltimesaday