初中英语初被动语态 4页

初中英语语法被动语态一语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出來的。英语屮有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。(1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执彳亍者。例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople來执行的。(2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由”助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出來的。一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词现在进行时:am/is/arcbcing+动词的过去分词过去进行时:was/werebeing+动词的过去分词现在完成时:have/hasbeen+动词的过去分词过去完成时:hadbeen+动词的过公分词一般将来时:will/shallbe+动词的过去分词过去将來时：would/should+be+动过分词含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight—些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如:TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻矚杯是迈克打破的。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法由主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；③主动语态句屮的主语变为被动语态句中by的宾语。例如:Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.注意：(1)在主动语态句屮动词make、have^let^see>watchhear^feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如：Thebossmadethemworktenhoursaday.—>Theyweremadetoworktenhoursaday.(2)wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive…主动形式表被动。Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用。五、初屮教材屮与被动语态相关的句型有:1•becoveredwith被覆盖2.bemadeof由制作（看得出原材料）bemadefrom由制作（看不出原材料）bemadein由（某地）制造\nbemadeby被（某人）制造2.beusedfor被用来beusedas被当作（作为）来使用beusedtodosth.被用来做某事3.Itissaidthat•…据说Itishopedthat...希望Itiswellknownthat...众所周知例如：①一Yourcoatlooksnice.Isitcotton?一Yes.Ifs-Shanghai.A・madeof；madebyB.madeof；madeinC.madefor；madebyD.madefor；madein②Thismachineisusedtheroomwet.A•forkeepingB•askeepingC•keepD•tokeeping③据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。thatisbeingovertheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.被动语态考点精讲1、考察主动语态与被动语态的区别（）Englishinmanycountries,butChinesetheirownlanguage・Aisspoken,speaksBspeaks,isspokenCisspoken,isspokenDisspoken,speak2、考察被动语态谓语的构成（）Theimportantmeetingonacoldmorninglastyear.A.was'hadB.washeldC.heldD.had3、考察被动语态屮不定式to不能省略的情况（）Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremadewhattheyarenot・A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interestedC.do;interestedD.do;interested巩固练习：一、把下列旬子变成被动语态1.Weoftensingthissong.2.Sheboughtherbrotheradictionary.3.Somebodycleanedtheroomyesterday.4.YoumustfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.5.Theywillnotpaintthehouseagainnextyear.6.Theywatertheseflowereseveryday.7.Wcshouldcleanourclassroomeveryday.&Hereadthelettertoallhisfriends.9.Theyinvitedmetotheconcert・\n9.Hehasfinishedhishomework.二、把下列句了变成主动语态1.SpanishisspokeninSouthAmerica・2.Maryisknowntobeanicegirl.3.Allthewordsmustbelookedupinadictionary.4.Manytreeswereplantedbypeoplelastyear.5.Thedoorshouldnothavebeenleftopenallnight.三、单项选择题：()1.Woolenclothesareusedkeepinguswann.A.ofB.byC.forD.in()2.Arethesefridgesmade?A.inChinaB.inChineseC.ofChinaD.fromChinese()3.—Wherearebananas?-—growninSouthChina.A.grow,It'sB.grown,It'sC.grown,TheyYeD.grew,TheyYe()4.ThcLeagueinMay,1922.A.isfoundedB.wasfoundedC・isbuiltD.wasbuilt()5.Thestrangethingwiththreelegs・A.usedtodrinkB.arcusedfbrdrinkingC・isusedfordrinkingD・usedfordrinking()6.TVprogrammescantotheothersideoftheworld.A.sendB.besentC.makcD.bcmade()7.01derpeoplemustpolitely.A.speaktoB・bespokenC.bespokentoD・sayto()&Themoonalwaysaroundtheearth・A.goesB.travelsC・turnsD.A,BandC・()9.ManypeopleEnglishintheworld.A.speakB.speaksC・spokeD.arespoken.()10.Wemustourhomeworkeveryday.A.befinishedB.finishC・arefinishedD.finished()11.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Ycs.Ourclassroomeveryday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning()12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek・A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give)13・Thebridgestwoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt)14.一DidyougotoJack，sbirthdayparty?一No,I・A.amnotinvitedB.wasrftinvitedC.haverftinvitedD.didn^tinvite\n)15.—Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?—Whenyourhomework,youcan.A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did)16.Twcnty—year—oldsshouldnottodriveinChina・A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.)17.…WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?・—Wonderful.Itisworthasecondtime.A.watchingB・watchedC.seenD.seeing)1&Wheretheseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD・am)19.Treesandflowerseveryyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted・)20.hina^ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiangGoodWillAmbassadors(亲善人使)forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havcbeennamedC.hasnamedD.havcnamed.)2LTheearthisourhome.Itwell.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotected.)22.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremadewhattheyarenot.A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interestedC.do;interestedD.do;interested)23•DidyougotoJack'sbirthdayparty—No」.A.amnotinvitedB・wasnrtinvitedC・havenftinvitedD.didn*tinvite)24.ThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC・isoftensangD.isoftensung)25.ThiskindofcarinJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade)26.Newcomputersallovertheworld・A.isusedB.areusingC・areusedD.haveused)27.Japaneseineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking)28.TheoldstonebridgenextweekA.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC・aregoingtoberebuiltD・willrebuild