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  • 2022-08-15 发布

初中英语语法大全——代词

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初中其语语矗大代词代词是代替名词或起名词作用的词,短语,分句或句子,因此,代词的使用必须和它所代替的词在人称、数和格上保持一致。代词本身的词义很弱,必须通过上下文来确定。大多数代词具有指代和修饰的功能。在英语中代词的使用极为广泛。正确运用代词可以使句子简洁、明快,但是如果使用不当也容易产生意义理解上的偏差。一,人隸代彳司出题点:⑴人称代词的格⑵it用作形式主语、形式宾语⑶it的特殊用法1.人称代词的分类人称代词是表示我们,你们,他们,她们,它们的词。人称代词不仅指人,也可指物。有人称(第一,第二,第三人称),数(单数,复数)和格(主格、宾格)之分。各种人称代词如下表所示。人称单数复数第'一人称主格宾格主格宾格ImeweUS第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheher•It•ItImeanttocomeontime,butwasheldup.Margarethasstudiedballetsinceshewasachild.Tellhimtocallbackalittlelate匚2.人称代词的句法功能(1)作直语人称代词作主语时用主格Lookatthegirlintheredskirt.Sheismynewclassmate.Ican'tsaymuchforwhatyouhavedone・(2)作宾语作动词和介词的宾语时用宾格\nPeterismybestfriend.Heoftenhelpsmewithscience.It'sagoodhabitofmoodtoreadafewlinesbeforegoingtobed.(S)作素语作表语时用主格,但在口语中常用宾格Whoisknockingatthedoor?It'sme/I.Isawatonceitwashen⑷作同佞语Twostudents,heandI,wassenttobuysomefoodanddrinkforthepicnic.Thedinnerwascookedbyusgirls.三.人称代词的用法(1)I,we和you的用法we是I的复数形式。you既可以是第二人称单数,也可以是第二人称复数。IwanttobeadoctorwhenIgrowup.Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?Boysandgirls,youmaygonow.⑵we,you,they和he的用法we,you和they都可以泛指复数人们,在翻译成汉语时,一般不直接译为我们,你们,他们,单数用he。Weneverknowtheworthofwateruntilthewellisdry.Theysaythateveryonecanmakemistakes.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.”佥指男槌或稚槌劭物,滋犒女住或囉住幼物。Johnwaitedawhilebutatlasthewenthome.Itwasshewhocleanedtheclassroomyesterday.E%可以用来代家国家,丈地,月亮,车辆,船只劣。Chinawillalwaysdowhatshepromisestodo.Mycarisanoldone,butsheisverybeautiful.TitanicwasthegreatestofthetimebutshesankdowntothebottomoftheAtlanticOcean.0.在寓言枚净屮,浪柔翁幼汤纟用滋代替,凶猛、粗弩的幼扬纟用厶代替。\nThefiercetigercameatthemonkey,buthemissedher.Theelephantisverylargeinsizeandhesverystrong.(4)并列人称的用法并.单赵场合的排列腋為务:冷+甸滋+夕You,sheandmeallenjoymusic.You,TomandIwillgotoCanadanextmonth.口诀记忆s负鸟场合的排列顺花尙:加+慫^+滋^人称代词的使用顺序We,youandtheyaretosparenoefforttofinishthiswork.We,youandtheyareallChinese.人称代词并列现,尊重他人礼当先;单数人称二三一,复数人称一二三;男女鬲徃弄列讨.其顺看签:么+必Heandshedonrtagreewithme.若把错误责任担,第一人称我靠前;Heandsheareacouple,aren'tthey?d若足做错丰承捏衣仪讨,通纟把第一人隸敘在第一伎。人在动物的前面,男市位于女士前。—Whobrokethewindow?■一Iandhe.(5)it的用法斤.可用亲代替上夂提到过冏事扬WhatdoyouthinkofthemoviebyZhaoWei?Terrific.Ilikeitverymuch.Youhavesavedmylife;Ishallneverforgetit.8用亲指代时同、地点、確南、夭吃、泯度劣It'sseveno'clocknow.It'saboutfiveminutes1walkfrommyschooltothepark.ItsoftenrainsinNanjinginApriLe.用来指代嬰儿和眾后身伶,般剔鲂人Whoisdancingintheclassroom?ItmustbeLily.Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.o做形式殳语或形式宾语il可以代替不定式,动名词,从句等做形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语和宾语置于句末。Ifshardworkkeepingthegrassgreenatthistimeofyear.Didyoufinditveryinterestingtoplayvolleyball?二,杨殳代彳司\n出题点:(1)名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法(2)物主代词和双重所有格的混合考察物主代词是表示所有关系的代词是人称代词的属格形式。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,有人称和数的变化。1.物主代词的分类人称单数复数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirtheirsherhers■ItitsExcuseme,isthisyouriPadmini?■一No,itisn't.Mineisathome.Ourclassroomisonthesecondfloorandtheirsisonthethirdfloor.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别(1)形容词性物主代词,相当于形容词,置于名词之前,不可以单独使用。(2)名词性物主代词,相当于名词,不能用于名词前,可单独使用。2.物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能置于名词前作定语。Theirroomisonthethirdfloor.Thestudentsarehelpingtheoldmancleanhishousenow.(2)名词性物主代词名词性物主代词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词J其后不能接名词,句法功能与名词相同。MayIuseyourpen?Yoursworksbette匸Ifyoudonfthaveadictionaryonhand,youmayusemine.\n三.反身代词出题点:(1)反身代词的用法(2)常见的还有反身代词的固定短表示动作回执到其执行者本身,用以加强语气,意为我(们)自己,你(们)自己,他/她/它(们)自己的代词称为反身代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系,在人称、数和性别上保持一致。1.反身代词的种类数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2.反身代词的句法功能反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系,在人称和数上保持一致,可在句中作宾语、表语、同位语。(1)作宾语反身代词作动词的宾语,表示动作的承受者,就是动作的执行者,也可用在介词后作宾语,与句子主语互指。Boys,don'tloseyourselvesinplaying.It'sbadforyoureyestoplaycomputergamesforlongtime.Veryimportantforustolearnhowtolearnbyourselves.(2)作表语在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体和精神所处的状态。Afterafewdaysofrest,Hewasmorehimselfagain.Hedoesn'tseemhimselftoday.⑶作同位语作宾语和主语的同位语,起加强语气的作用,表示“亲自、本身、本人覽Thestoryitselfisgood,onlyhedidnottellitwell.Ispoketotheheadmasterhimself.2.反身代词的用法\n(1)反身代词用来加强语气反身代词,用于强调时经常作主语或者宾语的同位语,一般位于所强调的名词或代词后面,如果不影响理解,作同位语的反身代词的位置也可以灵活处理,此时反身代词一般要重读。(2)反身代词用于固定搭配中反身代词与某些动词或介词搭配构成固定短语,表示特殊意义。含反身代词的常用的固定搭配有:enjoyyourself玩的愉快helponeselfto随便吃/喝dressoneself自己穿衣cometooneself恢复知觉foroneself亲自learnbyoneself自学teachoneself自学talktooneself自言自语e.g:Thinkforyourself,andyouwillgettheanswer.Youshouldnotleavethechildbyhimselfathome.Wedon'tneedtocallhim.Hewillwakeupofhimself.四.相互代词出题点:(1)eachother和oneanother的用法(2)eachother和oneanother的相互代词表示相互关系的代词。主要有eachother和oneanother,意为“相互,互相eachother主要用于两者之间,oneanother要用于三者或三者以上。在现代英语中,eachother也可以用于三者或三者以上之间。其用法如下:1.相互代词作宾语(1)相互代词作动词的宾语Weoftenhelpeachother/oneanotherwhenweareintrouble.Webegantoblameeachother/oneanothe匚⑵相互代词作介词的宾语Heputallhisbooksbesideeachother/oneanother.Afterthematch,thetwoplayersshookhandswitheachother/oneanother.2.相互代词作定语相互代词的所有格用作定语,表示所属关系。Wesaidhellotooneanother's/eachothersfamily.\nWeusuallymeetinoneanother'shouse.咅.指示代词出题点:that用作替代词与one,it的用法区别指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,表示这个/些,那个/些。常用的指示代词有this,that,these,thoseo指示代词的用法如下:指示代词近指远指单数复数this•\/•\/that7these7those7a/1.指示代词的基本用法(1)this/these表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。that/those表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。Thisismynewpenpal.Iliketheseflowersverymuch.Thatisalovelyboy.Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime.⑵that还可以指上文提到的事物,this指下文中将要提到的事物。Ihadabadcold.ThatwaswhyIdidn'tgotoschool.Pleaserememberthis:Nopains,Nogains.(3)打电话时,常用this指自己,that指对方。ThisisAllen.Who'sthatspeaking?Hello,thisisMary.Who'sthat?ThisisTom.2.that和those作替代词的用法为了避免重复,that可指代前面提到的单数可数名词和不可数名词,those可代替复数可数可数名词,其后总有修饰。InsummerinBeijingiscoolerthanthatinShanghai.TelevisionsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai.六.不定代词\n出题点:(1)some和any的用法(2)many和much的用法(3)few,afew,little,alittle的用法(4)one,it和that的用法区别(5)other(s)和theother(s)的用法区别(6)none,noone,neither,either的用法区别不明确指代某个人,某个事物,某些人,某些事物的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词用法比较复杂,在掌握各个不定代词的用法时有必要把意义相近,用法不同的不定代词进行比较。不定代词分为两大类,即普通不定代词和复合不定代词。不定代词基本用法all(1)用作形容词,其后跟不可数名词和复数可数名词。(2)用作代词,可单独使用,some也可跟“of+不可数名词和复数可数名词anyboth(a)few(1)用作形容词,其后跟复数可数名词。(2)用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数可数名词",也可单用。many(a)littlemuch(1)用作形容词,其后跟复数可数名词。(2)用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数可数名词",也可单用。each(1)用作形容词,其后可跟单数可数名词。either(2)用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数名词",也可单用。neitheranotherother用作形容词,前者与单数可数名词连用,而后者可跟单数可数名词或复数名词,两者都可以与“数字+复数可数名词'‘或one连用。none只用作代词,代替可数或不可数名词,其后可用“of+复数可数名词或不可数名词"。everyno只用作形容词,作定语。复合不定代词这类代词之后通常不跟of短语,但其后可跟形容词作后置定语。由-body和・one构成的复合代词之后可跟else,而且可用所有格(・'s)形式。\n1.some,any(1)表示“一些''时,some和any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。一般来说,some常用于肯定句中,而any常用于否定句和疑问句中。Heaskedfortea,soIgavehimsome.Thereisnotanywaterinthebottle.Isthereanyreasonforchangingtheplan?(2)some用于疑问句时,表建议请求,邀请等,并希望得到对方的肯定回答。Wouldyoubuymesomestampswhenyoupassthepostoffice?CanIhavesomecoffeewithsugar?(3)any用于肯定句时,表示任何的,任何一个。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseputupyourhand.Themedicalisonsaleeverywhere.Youcangetitatanychemist's.⑷“some/anyof+…"结构作主语时,谓语动词单复数需要根据of后面的名词单复数而定。Someofthefoodhasgonesuga匚Someoftheteachersagreedtogotherebybus.2.all,both⑴all和both都意为"都"。all指三者或三者以上的人或物;both则指两个人或物。Theywereonlytwopaintingsforsaleandheboughtboth.Weshouldprotectthebeautifulflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.Allofthemhavenowbecomewriters.Allwasquietinthestreetoutside.Bothmenandwomenarenotofthesamecharacter.(2)all,both作主语的同位语时,应位于实义动词之前,系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。Myparentsbothlikecoffeeverymuch.Jane'skidsarebothbeautifulandclever.YoushouldallhandinyourVIPcards.3.one(1)可以用来代替单数可数名词,表示泛指意义;ones用来代替复数可数名词。PvebeenlookingformapbutIcan'tfindone.Therearetwentyoldtablesinourclassroom.Ourteacherwantstobuytennewones.\n(1)可只带不特定的人,表示“人,一个人,人们Oneshoulddohisbestatalltimes.Oneshouldtakecareofhimself.⑶one可以和the,this,that,these,those等词连用,表示特指的某些人或某些物,也可以用形容词来修饰。Idonftlikethatcellphone,theoneyoujustshowedme.Ihaveanoldbikeandshehasanewone.(4)one,it和that的区别one可指代单数可数名词,指上文出现过的同一类事物。替代同一类人或事物时,其前面必须有如the,some,all等限定词,同一类人或事物的复数用ones。it可代替单数可数词,指同一个,不能带任何修饰语。that可代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或者不可数名词,他表示同一类而不是同一个,其后面常带有修饰语。Whichjacketwouldyoulike,thisoneorthatone?Ican'tfindmyhat,Idon'tknowwhereIputit.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatinIndia.1.either,neitherneither和either的相同用法说明either/neither+谓语动词用作主语时,谓语通常用单数形式,但在非正式文体中,特别是当其后跟有复数名词,代词或用在否定句中时常常用复数形式的谓语either/neither+单数可数名词名词之前不加冠词,物主代词,指示代词或名词所有格either/neither+of+复数人称代词宾语of不能省去either/neither+of+定冠词/物主代词/指示代词/名词所有格+复数可数名词用作代词,表示在两者之间选择,其后常用“0件复数可数名词",名词前的冠词等不能省去(1)either表示“两者中的任何一个",做主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式,起其后可接of短语。YoucancomeonSaturdayorSunday.EitherisOKforme.\nWecan'tcaremuchforwhattoeat.Eitherofthetwowilldo.⑵neither表示“两者都不",做主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式,其后可接of短语。WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolordoyoulike?Oh,neither.IthinkbluewillbeOK.Neitherofthemwantstospeaktohimaboutthismatte匚1.each,every代词区别点意义在句中所作成分与of搭配each强调个体主语、宾语、定语、同位语可every强调整体定语不可(1)each指代或修饰单数可数名词,强调个体,多用于两者或两者以上的场合。作主语时,谓语动词用单数Eachofthemknowsthewholething.Therearetreesoneachsideoftheroad.Weeachhaveaticket.(1)every修饰单数可数名词,强调整体,用于三者或三者以上的场合。every修饰名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。Everydayisanewopportunity.Everystudentwilltakepartintheresearch.Everymanisnothonest.6・none,noone表格(1)none意为“三者或三者以上都不",指代人或物,既可指代复数可数名词,也可指代不可数名词,可与of连用。替代复数可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。常用来回答以howmany/howmuch提出的特殊疑问句oHowmuchmoneydoyouhave?■一None.Ineedsomepaper,butthereisnoneathand.(2)noone意为“没有一个人",常指人,仅用于指代单数可数名词,常用来回答以who提出的特殊疑问句。Whoisabsentfromclasstoday?Noone,sir.Nooneknowsallofit.\n7.other,theother,others,theothers和another(1)other意为“另外的",只能作定语,常与复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。Isuggestedacampingholiday,butJanehadotherideas.Otherpeoplemaynotthinkthatway.Theyhavenootherplacetogo.(2)theother意为"两者中的另一个",常与one连用,构成"one...theother../1结构。Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisasalesman,andtheotherisanengineer.Holditinthishand,nottheotherhand.(3)others泛指”别的人或物”,相当于"other+复数可数名词”,常构成“some...others..."结构。Someboysareplayingbasketball,andothersareplayingsoccer.Somepeopleliketea,otherslikecoffeeandotherslikemilk.⑷theothers特指“其余所有的人或物",相当于"theother+复数可数名词Threeofusremainhereandalltheothersgotothenextroom.Somestudentssweptthefloor,andtheotherscleanedthewindows.⑸another表示“三者或三者以上中的任何一个",一般修饰或代替单数可数名词。常用于“another+数词+复数可数名词"结构,相当于“数词+more/other+复数可数名词",表示在原有的基础上需要更多数量的东西。Couldweseeeachotheratnineo'clocktomorrowmorning?Sorry.Let'smakeitanothertime.Theyneedanothertwohourstofinishthiswork.Wewillhavetowaitanotherthreeweeksfortheresults.8.many,much(1)many和much都表示“许多,大量many只修饰复数可数名词,much是修饰不可数名词。Mycousinshavecollectedstampsfortwoyears,theyhavemanystampsfromdifferentcountries.Itsasmallcar,doesn'tusemuchfuel.(2)toomany和toomuch都表示“太多",toomany修饰复数可数名词,toomuch修饰不可数名词。muchtoo表示“实在太二修饰形容词或副词。Therearetoomanymistakesinyourhomework.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.I'mafraidthatthiscapismuchtoobigforme.\n7.few,afew,little,alittle有一些,有几个(表肯定)很少,几乎没有(表否定)用于可数名词afewfew用于不可数数词alittlelittle用法(a)few修饰或代替复数可数名词;(a)little修饰或代替不可数名词IhavebeentoBeijingafewtimes.Hehaswrittenmanybooks,butfewofthemaregood.Pleaseaddalittlesugartothecoffee.Thereislittlenewsaboutthismoviestarinthispaper.WherecanIgetsome?10・复合不定代词由some,any,no,every加上-one,-body,-thing等构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。后缀前缀some-any-no-every--onesomeoneanyonenooneeveryone-bodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody・thingsomethinganythingnothingeverything(1)some-类复合不定代词,一般用于肯定句中,表示某人或某物,也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。Thereissomeone/somebodyinthefittingroom.Youdon'thaveadrink.CanIgetyousomething?(2)any■类复合不定代词常用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中表示某人或某物,也可用于肯定句中表示任何人或任何物。Hedidnottellanybodyaboutthismatter.Therehasneverbeensuchabeautifulvillageanywhereintheworld.Anythingwouldbebetterthanstayingathome.(3)every-类复合不定代词,表示所有人或所有物,与否定词连用表示部分否定。Noteveryonecanworkouttheproblem.Moneyisn'teverything.\n(2)复合不定代词后可加构成所有格,也可跟else表示“另外.......''之意。There'ssomebody'sbagleftintheclassroom.Ican'tfinishtheworkontime.Cansomeoneelsecometohelpmeout?(3)复合不定代词与形容词连用时,位于形容词之前。There'ssomethinginterestingintoday'snewspape匚Mrsbrownisnice.EverydayshetriedtocooksomethingdifferentformeduringmystayinCanada.六.疑问代词出题点:疑问代词what,which,whose的用法(2)疑问代词的单复数用来表示疑问或者构成疑问句的代词叫做疑问代词常见的疑问代词及其句法功能如下表所示:形式句法功能主语宾语表语定语与of短语连用指人主格whoa/a/7宾格whom77属格whose77指物which77a/what77a/Whodidyouoftenplaywithwhenyouwereachild?BothJimandJackspeakEnglish.Whosepronunciationisbetter?Whichischeaper,thisprinterorthatone?Lwho,whom的用法两者都意为”谁笃用来指人,其中who可做主语,宾语和表语,whom只用作宾语。在介词后作宾语只能用whom,而不能用whooWhoisthatmanoverthere?He'smyuncle.Whoareyouwritingto?Towhomdidyouspeakontheplayground?\n2.whose的用法whose意为”谁的”,既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,作主语和表语。Whosedictionaryisthis?Theyaregoodatmath,butwhoseisthebest?Whosearethoseflowers?3.which的用法which意为”哪一个,哪一些”,可用来指代人或物在句中作主语,宾语和定语。它与who及what的不同在于which一般有特定的选择范围,而who和what则没有。Whichwouldyouliketochoosetolivein,Chengdu,BeijingorShanghai?Chengdu,Ithink.WhichT-shirtdoyoulikebetter,theredoneortheblueone?Iprefertheredone.4.what的用法what意为”什么”可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰单数可数名词,也可以指代或修饰复数可数名词。在句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语。Whatmakesyouloveyourhometownsomuch?Whatareyourreasonsforleaving?六.连接代词连接代词指用来连接主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句的代词,连接代词主要包括表示疑问的连接代词和表示陈述的连接代词,前者称为疑问连接代词,后者称为非疑问连接代词。常用的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,whichever,whosevero1.表示疑问的连接代词表示疑问的连接代词在引导的名词性从句中含有疑问意义,并且在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语等成分。WhowillteachusPhysicsnexttermhasn'tbeendecided.Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?Hedidn'ttellmewhosecomputerthiswas.IhavenoideawhomeverIshouldinvitetotheget-togethe匸2.表示陈述的连接代词表示陈述的连接代词在引导的名词性从句中没有疑问含义,但在从句中充当一定的成分。\nIwilltellyouwhatweareplanningtodonextMonday.Iwon'tbelievewhoevercheatsme.Whicheverofyougetsherefirstwillgettheprize.Wewelcomewhoeveroffershelptous.Iwillwalkaroundandcollectwhoseverhomeworkhasbeenwelldone.六.关系代词关系代词指用来引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语和定语的代词,代表句子所修饰的成分。关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose和as等。Pvebeentothecitytwicethatyoujustvisited.Youaretheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.Canyoutellmethereasonforwhichthecarbrokedown?例题解析1.Whoistheboyoverthere?一-ismybrother.\nA.HeB.HisC.HimD.Himself解析:A人称代词主格作主放在谓语动词前,宾格作主语放在介词、动词后。由题意可知空格处为主语,故选A。1.Someofthestickersbelongtome,whiletherestare•A.himandherB.hisandherC.hisandhersD.himandhers解析:c由句意可知,此处要用名词性物主代词来代替前面的名词2.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wedon^tlearntodependon.A.themselvesB.themC.usD.ourselves解析:Ddependon的施动者和受动者是同一个人,由主语we可知,此处应填D3.Theenvironmentinthistownisaspleasantasinthecoastalcity.A.oneB.itC.themD.that解析:Dthat指代上文提到过的theenvironmentoone泛指同名异物的单数可数名词;it特指上文提到的某一事物;them“他们”。4.Iaskedtwopeoplethewaytothestation,butofthemhelpedme.A.bothB.neitherC.eitherD.all解析:B根据but这一转折词可知是两个人都不能帮助“我”,两者都不选B。5.Idonlunderstandthestorythoughtherearenewwordsinit.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle解析:A根据“words”复数可数名词排除选项B、D;根据句意“尽管没有几个新单词,我还是不理解这个故事”,横线处表否定意义,所以选A。7.1havesixcoloredpencils;oneisblue,anotherisred,andaregreen.A.othersB.anotherC.otherD.theothers解析:Dtheothers相当于“theother+复数可数名词”,此处特指“其余所有的彩色铅笔”。8.1can'tmakeoutheisdrivingat.A.whatB.whyC.whereD.which解析:A此句为宾语从句,根据句意“我不知道他用意何在”可知句中缺少宾语,故选whato9.penisthis?——It'smine.A.WhereB.WhoseC.WhoD.What解析:Bwhose置于名词前作定语,意为“谁的”。7.Iwanttoknow:HasMr.Jonesbeenherethewholemorning?\nA.thisB.thatC.theseD.those解析:Athis用作指示代词时常用来指代下文将要叙述的事情。that指代上文提到的事情;these,those无此用法。

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