初中英语被动语态教案 3页

被动语态教案被动语态1.英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。含义：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。IbeatFujian.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Fujianisbeatenbyme.2.被动语态的构成:被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随人称、数和时态的变化而变化。Theappleiseatenbyme.Iamrespectedbymystudents.Manytreeswereplantedbyuslastyear.3.主动语态变被动语态的方法:WeVisitedthatfactory.主动语态主语谓语宾语Thatfactorywasvisitedbyus.被动语态主语谓语宾语方法:（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态的主语的人称和数和主动语态句子中时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格,有时by短语可以省略。主动语态被动语态Hecutdownatree.→　Atreewascutdownbyhim.Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→　Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Exercise:1．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.AareheldBwereheldC．areholdingD．willho1d2.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleaned3.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted填空：将主动语态改为被动语态1.Hewritesthisbook.\nThisbook_______  _______ _______ him.2.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong. AnEnglishsong______ ______ _______bythechildren.答案:ACDiswrittenby;willbesung4.被动语态常用于以下两种情况：1．不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；Threepeoplewereinjuredinthetrafficaccident.Thisbookwaspublishedin2000.2．强调动作的承受者。ThisplaywaswrittenbyShakespeare.5．主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题1).含有双宾语句子的被动语态含有双宾语的句子：句子含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。通常是间接宾语变为主语。▲需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语与谓语动词之间加上介词“to”或“for”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）（被动语态）间宾变为主语：Weareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.直宾变为主语：Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.▲常带双宾语的词有：tell,show,lend,pass等。Hetoldusastory．（变被动语态）→Weastory（byhim）．Astorybyhim．2).含复合宾语句子的被动语态在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：使役动词have,make,get,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等Theymadehimgotherealone.-----Hewasmadetogotherealone.SomeonesawhimswiminQianlingLakeyesterday．（变被动）He__________________swiminQianlingLakeyesterday.3).有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开，其中的介词或副词不能省略。eg.(1)ThemanagerputsoffthemeetingtillFriday.ThemeetingisputofftillFriday.Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren．（变被动语态）Thechildrenwill______________________________（byher）．4).只有及物动词和可带宾语的动词才有被动语态。不及物动词不能用于被动语态takeplace/cometrue/happen/breakdown/breakout等。 eg.Allyourdreamswillcometrueifyoutryyourbest.(正确)\nAllyourdreamswillbecometrueifyoutryyourbest.(错误)5).当sell,wash,clean,run,ride,wear,write等动词若有状语well,easily,badly来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。eg. Thepenwriteswell.这枝钢笔写字流畅。Thebooksellswell.这本书很畅销。6.常见的句型结构：Itis(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......Itis(was)wellknownthat......众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat......被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat......务必记住......Itmustn’tbeforgottenthat......千万别忘记......这些常见句型很有用，可以用到写作中，所以能记住尽量记住！Exercise:1.Hisschoolbagbyawomantenminutesago.A.tookawayB.wastakenawayC.wastakenoffD.istaken2.Thesebookswell.A.sellsB.arebeingsoldC.aresoldD.sell3.Everybodyherewasapresent.A.gaveB.givenC.TogiveD.Giving4.Thisshirtsilk.A.mustbemadeinB.makebyC.mustbemadeofD.mustbemadeby5.Moretreesnextyear.A.willbeplantedB.willplantC.haveplantedD.areplanting6.ThiskindofmachineJapan.A.ismadebyB.ismadefromC.ismadeinD.ismadeof7.Greatchangesplacesincehecamehere.A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.hastaken8.Hewasseensomethingfromtheshop.A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed9.Shehasbyherclassmates.A.laughedB.laughedatC.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedatBDBCACBBD