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初中英语总复习 笔记大全

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初三英语总复习笔记七年级(上)Unit1复习要点短语和句子1、Goodmorning/Goodafternoon/evening.早上/下午/晚上好2、(It’s)Nicetomeet/seeyou.=(It’s)Goodtomeet/seeyou.=(I’m)Gladtomeet/seeyou=(I’m)Pleasedtomeet/seeyou=(I’m)Happytomeet/seeyou.很高兴见到你3、WelcometoChina欢迎到中国来.4、Thanks/Thankyou.谢谢5、You’rewelcome./That’sallright(OK).不用谢,6、Standup.起立Sitdown.坐下7、Thisis…..介绍第三者的用语,复数用Theseare…8、Howdoyoudo?您好9、Howareyou?您好吗?Howisshe\he?她\他好吗?10、I’mfine.我很好。11、What’syour/his/hername?=MayIknow/haveyour/his/hername?Couldyoupleasetellmeyour/his/hername?你/他/她叫什么名字?12、MynameisJane.我名叫简13、Whereareyoufrom?=Wheredoyoucomefrom?Whereishe/shefrom?=Wheredoeshe/shecomefrom?你/他/她/他们来自哪里?14、Iam/He(She)is/TheyarefromCanada/Japan/theU.S.A/England/Cuba/China.我/他/她/他们来自加拿大/日本/美国/英国/古巴/中国。15、Cheers.干杯16、Howoldareyou?你几岁了?17、I’mfive(yearsold)我五岁了18、What’syourphonenumber?你的电话号码是多少?Mytelephonenumberis……=It’s…..19、Whatclass/gradeareyou/ishe/shein?你/他/她在哪个班级/年级?20、Iam/He/SheisinClassFour,GradeOne.我/他/她在一年级四班。21、Whoisthat?那是谁?22、That’sLucy那是露西。.23、What’sthis/thatinEnglish?It’s……这/那用英语怎么表达?24、This/Thatisanorange这/那是一个桔子。.25、Whatarethese/those?这/那些是什么?26、Theyareschoolbags/books/buses.它们是书包/书/公共汽车。27、Isthis/thatatelephone?这/那是一部电话吗?28、Yes,itis.\No,itisn’t.29、Arethese/thosepencils?这些是铅笔吗?30、Yes,theyare.\No,theyaren’t.31、Howdoyouspellit你是怎么拼写它的?M—A—P,map.32、Canyouspellit?Yes,M—A—P,map.33、Excuseme.请问,打扰了34、inthesameclass在相同的班级35、goodfriend好朋友36、.Mr.MrsMissMs用于姓之前(Mr.表示先生,是对中年男子的尊称,婚否不限;Mrs表示夫人,是对中年已婚女子的称呼:Ms,是对不知婚否女子的称呼;Miss是对未婚女子或老师的称呼)语法1、be中am、is、are的基本用法,区别及其引导的一般疑问句和回答.am接在I之后,is放在单数的名词或代词之后,are放在复数的名词或代词之后,否定句在be后加not,一般疑问句将be提前。回答:Yes,人称代词+be./No,人称代词+be+not.HeisMr.Chen.HeisnotMr.Chen.IsheMr.Chen?Yes,heis./No,heisnot.Iamastudent.Iamnotastudent.Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Theyareteachers.Theyarenotteachers.Aretheyteachers?Yes,theyare./No,theyarenot.79\n2.名词的复数:1)一般在名词词尾加—scar---cars;apple--apples2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加---es,如:box---boxes;bus---buses;watch---watches. 3)部分国人的复数:以an结尾的单词,在词尾加—s;以结尾的单词,单复数同形。如:Chinese---Chinese,Japanese---Japanese,American---AmericansBrazilian—Brazilians,Canadian---Canadians.3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,如:family---families.5)以fe、f结尾,变fe、f为ve再加s,如:life---lives.6)特殊情况,如:mouse---mice;foot---feet,tooth--teeth,Chinese--Chinese,Japanese--Japanese3.基数词的表达:0—100zeroonetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeennineteentwentytwenty-onethirty…forty…fifty…sixty…4.a,an,the的用法:a/an都表示“一,一个”,如果单词的音标是元音音标开始的,我们在前用an,anapple/a‘u’;/an‘s’Unit2LookingDifferentTopic1small - big / large / wide  long - short   black – white  tall - short   young–oldnew - old 1.asmallnose一个小鼻子2.abighead一个大头3.long\shorthair长/短头发4.awidemouth一个大嘴巴5.roundfaces圆脸6.yourfavoritemoviestar你最喜爱的电影明星7.guessagain再猜8.agoodstudent一个好学生9.haveasister有一个姐妹10.her/hisname他/她的名字11.inthesameschool在同一所学校12.indifferentgrades在不同的年级13.Yourfaceislong.=14.Hishairisshort.=15. Do you have long hair? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.  Yes, we do. No, we don’t. 16.Does she / he have big eyes? Yes, she / he does. No, she / he doesn’t. 17. Do they have new friends?Yes, they do.No, they don’t. 10. I know.  我知道 I don’t know. 我不知道。Isee.我明白11. I’m thirteen years old. = I’m 13 years old.= I’m 13. = I’m thirteen.Topic21.What does she look like?  她看起来怎么样?2.thatboy那个男孩3.myfriend我的朋友4.look the same=havethesamelooks 看起来一样5. lookdifferent=havedifferentlooks 看起来不一样6.blondhairandbluehair金发碧眼7.goodfriend好朋友8. 表示颜色的词语:What’s颜色and颜色?It’s……9. 关于颜色的提问:What color…? -- What color is the skirt? -- It’s white.-- What color are the shirts? - They are white. 79\n10.give something to somebody= give somebody something 给某人某物 Give the book to Maria = Give Maria the book.  把书给Maria.11.shortbrownhair12.look at the photo\picture  看着这张照片13.look(at)=havealook(at)14.thegirlinyellow=thegirlinagreenskirt15.in可表示“用某种语言在…..里面,穿着”inEnglishinthemorning\afternoon\eveninginagreencarinaredcoatinred16.which疑问词的使用Which girl? The girl in red.   哪个女孩?穿红色衣服的那个女孩。   Which bag? The blue one.  哪个包?蓝色那个。18.区别has/have与am/is/are的用法:has/have表示“有”,即“某人有某物”,am/is/are表示“是”即“…是…”19.有实意动词的一般现在时态的用法:动词原形——第三人称单数形式1)直接加“s”,如:make----makes;come----comes.2)动词以o,s,ch,sh,x结尾,再后加“es”,如:do---does;watch----watches;wish---wishes;miss----misses;guess----guesses3)特殊情况,如:have----has;4)辅音字母+y,把y改为i,加—es,如:Study---studies20.句型转换:1)主语为第三人称单数,否定句,在动词前加doesn`t,再把动词改回原形,一般疑问句,在句首加does,再把动词改回原形,回答,Yes,人称代词+does。/No,人称代词+does+not。Shehassmalleyes.Shedoesn`thavesmalleyes.Doesshehavesmalleyes?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn`t.2)主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称,否定句,在动词前加don`t,一般疑问句,在句首加do,回答,Yes,人称代词+do./No,人称代词+do+not。Theyhavesmalleyes.Theydon`thavesmalleyes.Dotheyhavesmalleyes?Yes,theydo./No,theydon`t.21.选择疑问句:选择疑问句是个一般疑问句+or+与or前同类型的单词,我们不能用Yes/No来回答,要在or前后两种情况中选择一种回答。Ishetallorshort?-----Heistall.Doesshehaveapenorapencil?----Shehasapencil.Topic31.名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的用法区别:因为名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的汉语意思是一样的,名词性物主代词可独立使用,后面不要跟名词;形容词性物主代词不可独立使用,后面要跟名词。如:Itismyshirt.=Itismine.my为形容词性物主代词,mine为名词性物主代词,your,his,her,our,its,their,my等都属于形容词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词通常置于名词前,修饰限定名词,作定语;而名词性物主代词(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs)相当于”形容词性物主代词+名词”,当主语,宾语,或表语;“如:Isthisyourcoat?==Isthiscoatyours?这是你的大衣吗?2.whosecapisit?3.It’sSally’s.4.名词的所有格:5.Whosejacketisthis?=79\n6.Isityourjacket?=7.anewclassmate一个新同学8.indifferentclothes穿不同的衣服9.findthisman找到这位男子10.helpusfindhim帮助我们找到他11.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事Unit3GettingTogetherTopic1DoyouliketheEnglishcorner?核心词汇:could,tell,sure,call,any,study,problem,speak,live,say,want,visit,often,helpful,classmate,poor,常用词组:forshort,Englishcorner,penpal,theGreatWall,not…atall,alittle重点句型:1.DoyouliketheEnglishcorner?2.MayIstudyEnglishwithyou?3.Doyoulikepets?交际用语:1.-Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?–Sure.MynameisMichael.2.–MayIknowyourname?–Noproblem.I’m…语法精粹:1.do和does引导的一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答;一般现在时的第三人称单数Doyouhaveanyfriendshere?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.DoeshespeakChinese?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2.人称代词的运用。Ilikeitverymuch.YoucancallmeMikeforshort.3.情态动词may与could的运用。Topic2Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.核心词汇:yourselves,glad,parent,both,office,worker,driver,farmer,cook,work,farm,hospital,drive,aunt,uncle,grandparent,grandmother,son,daughter常用词组:comein,athome,haveaseat,onafarm,inaschool/ahospital/anoffice,aphotoof,familytree,lookafter重点句型:1.Comeinandmakeyourselvesathome.2.Whataniceplace!3.Pleasehaveaseat.4.MygrandmotherliveswithusandlooksafterRoseathome.交际用语:1.–Whatdoesyourmotherdo?–Sheisateacher.2.–Whatdoyourparentsdo?–Theyarebothofficeworkers.3.–Whatdoyoudo?–I’mastudent.4.–Wheredoesshework?–Sheworksinaschool.79\n语法精粹:一般现在时含有助动词do/does的特殊疑问句,询问职业和工作场所。Whatdo/does…do?Wheredo/does…work?Topic3Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?核心词汇:food,fish,meat,chicken,rice,vegetable,noodle,hamburger,bread,dumpling,drinks:drink,tea,milk,water,juicemeals:breakfast,lunch,supper,dinnerothers:why,take,wait,something,eat,love,more,full,many常用词组:wouldlike,whatabout,acupoftea,whynot…,waitamoment,somethingtodrink/eat,abowlofnoodles,havedinnerwith…,helponeselfto…,somemore…重点句型:1.–Whatwouldyouliketohave?2.–Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?3.–Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?交际用语:1.Helpyourselves./Helpyourselvestosomefish.2.MayItakeyourorder?3.Waitamoment,please.4.Letmesee.5.Whynothavesomefishandeggs?6.Goodidea.7.Theyareveryfriendly.语法精粹:可数名词和不可数名词Unit4HavingFunTopic1Howmuchisit?核心词汇:madam,try,buy,thirty,ninety,hundred,pair,store,need,few,thing,salt,kilo,bottle,everything,list重点句型:1.Iwantsomeclothesformydaughter.2.Wouldyoulikesomesugarorbread?3.Idon’twantanysugar.交际用语:1.WhatcanIdoforyou?2.Thanksalot.3.Notatall.4.May/CanIhelpyou?5.Howmuchisit?6.It’sonly70yuan.7.I’mjustlooking.8.Whatdoyouthinkofthispairofrunningshoes?9.Idon’tlikethematall.10.Areyoukidding?79\n语法精粹:1.some,any的使用。2.可数名词与不可数名词。Topic2Wouldyouliketogoforapicnic?核心词汇:free,Sunday,picnic,forget,guitar,swim,plan,kite,message,ask,back,pardon,afraid,wrong,sing,song,fun,fly,carry,next常用词组:forapicnic,goswimming,goshopping,speakto,takeamessage,asksb.todosth.,tell…about…givemeacall,haveto,Frenchfries重点句型:1.Don’tforgettobringyourguitar.2.MayIspeaktoMaria?3.Couldyouaskhimtogivemeacall?交际用语:1.–Hello.-Hello,Jane!ThisisKangkang.-AreyoufreethisSunday?-Yes,What’sup?-WouldyouliketogotoWestHillforapicnic?2.MayIspeaktoMaria?3.CanItakeamessage?4.Yes,thanks.Couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?5.Sure.6.Pardon?7.Steve,howaboutflyingakitewithme?8.I’dloveto,butI’mafraidIhavenotime.9.I’dlikethat,thanks.10.WhatabouthavingapicnicwitholdMcdonaldtomorrow?Topic3Whatareyourfavoriteanimals?核心词汇:zoo,great,animal,elephant,lion,panda,clever,horse,pig,past,quarter,half,star,bed,homework,watch常用词组:havetime,nexttime,startschool,getup,watchTV,onone’sway重点句型:1.I’mafraidI’llhavenotime.2.Whatanimalsdoyoulikebest?3.It’stimetogohome.4.Ican’tfindmywayhome.交际用语:1.Whattimeisit,please?/What’sthetime,please?2.It’soneo’clock./It’saquarterpastone./It’stwentytotwo.3.What’swrongwithyou?4.Seeyounexttime.5.Hereweare.79\n1.It’sverykindofyoutohelpus.语法精粹:1.时间表达方式。七年级下册Unit5SchoolLifeTopic1Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?核心词汇:gate,plane,train,ship,boat,group,taxi,weekday,early,catch,walk,ride,park,game,today,life,break,finish,basketball,read,clean,house,library,music,week,listen,never,sometimes,every,once,twice,which常用词组:thesameto,onfoot,inone’sfreetime,haveashortbreak,cleanthehouse,listentomusic重点句型:1.LiXiangoftenridesabiketoschool.2.WewanttoknowabouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.3.Shehasbreakfastwithherparents.4.Workmustcomefirst.5.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.交际用语:1.–HappyNewYear!–Thesametoyou.2.–Doyouoftenreadbooksinthelibrary?–Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.3.–Howoftendoyougotothelibrary?–Theretimesaweek.语法精粹:一般现在时Topic2Sheisreadinginthelibrary.核心词汇:playground,lab,room,gym,classroom,building,pool,card,soon,physics,borrow,shelf,course,keep,return,pleasure,purse,money,else,plan,center,left,attention,news,between,movie,show,program,world,stamp,exercise,because,talk,Japanese,wonderful常用词组:ofcourse,lostandfound,inthecenterof,nextto,ontheplayground,atthemoment,lookfor,return…to…,between…and…,talkwith/to…,theGreatWall,atthebackof…重点句型:1.Helikesplayingsoccerbest.2.Heissleepingatthemoment.3.Wouldyouliketoplaybasketball?4.MayIborrowafewRen’aiprojectEnglishworkbooks?5.Youmustreturnthemontime.6.Hereisthenews.7.Helookshappy,becausehelovesswimming.交际用语:1.–Areyoudoingyourhomework?–Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.2.–WhatdoesKangkanglikedoingbest?–Helikesplayingsoccerbest.3.–HowlongcanIkeepthem?–Twoweeks.79\n1.–Thankyou.–It’sapleasure.语法精粹:现在进行时的用法。Topic3Myschoollifeisveryinteresting.核心词汇:subject,history,math,art,geography,P.E.,science,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,February,meeting,lesson,draw,learn,easy,interesting,difficult,boring,useful,hard,wish,story常用词组:workon,learnabout,thinkof,not…atall,befriendlytosb.someother,andsoon,learn…from…重点句型:1.Howmanylessonsdoeshehaveeveryday?2.Whattimeisschooloverintheafternoon?3.What’syourfavoritesubject?4.Idon’tlikemathatall.5.WhatdoyouthinkofEnglish?6.Myteachersareveryfriendlytome.7.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourschoollife?8.Icanlearnalotfromit.9.Thankyouforyourhardwork.交际用语:1.–Whatdayisittoday?–ItisWednesday.2.–Whatclassaretheyhaving?–Theyarehavingamusicclass.3.–Whattimedoestheclassbegin?–Atteno’clock.4.–Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest?–Ilikehistorybest.5.–Whydoyoulikeit?–Becauseit’seasyandinteresting.6.–Howmanylessonsdoeshehaveeveryday?–Six.7.–What’syourfavoritesubject?–Music.Ithinkit’sinteresting.8.Bestwishes!语法精粹:1.特殊疑问句。2.现在进行时与一般现在时用法的比较。Unit6OurLocalAreaTopic1Isthereacomputerinyourstudy?核心词汇:bedroom,second,upstairs,kitchen,garden,cousin,front,lamp,clock,floor,table,put,key,away,behind,window,model,under,river,beautiful,bathroom,drawer,keyboard常用词组:nextto,infrontto,playwith,havealook,howmany,lookafter,putaway重点句型:1.Isthereacomputerinyourstudy?2.Youmustlookafteryourthings.3.There’remanybeautifulflowersinthegarden.4.Buttherearen’tanytreesinit.交际用语:1.Welcometomynewhouse,Maria.79\n1.Whynotgoupstairsandhavealook?2.Don’tputthemhere.Putthemaway,please.3.Let’sgoandhavealook.语法精粹:1.therebe结构(Ⅰ)2howmany句型Topic2What’syourhomelike?核心词汇:countryside,month,noon,furniture,quiet,single,neighbor,bank,street,museum,supermarket,station,mail,restaurant,hear,piano,loud,really,end,road,area,close,child,far,service,stop,fan,line,bad,someone,check,move,city,cost,traffic,yard常用词组:Familyofthree,postoffice,accordingto,keepmoney,parkinglot,attheendof,alotof,closeto,farfrom,rightnow重点句型:1.What’syourhomelike?2.YoucanrentyoursingleroomtoBobfor¥280permonth.3.Ihearyouplayingthepiano.4.Therearealotoftallbuildingsandsmallgardensinourcommunity.5.Thereissomethingwrongwithmykitchenfan.6.I’llgetsomeonetocheckitrightnow.7.Thetrafficisheavyandthecostoflivingishigh.交际用语:1.What’syourhomelike?2.Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou?3.What’sthematter?4.I’mafraidit’stooloud.5.I’mreallysorryaboutthat.6.Mykitchenfandoesn’twork.7.Ican’thearyou.Thelineisbad.语法精粹:Therebe结构(Ⅱ)Topic3Whichisthewaytothepostoffice?核心词汇:town,along,turn,across,bridge,meter,until,miss,kilometer,should,change,public,light,danger,hurt,die,accident,ruler,before,cross,speed,careful,late,whenfast,ticket常用词组:acrossfrom,allthesame,thewayto,changeto,gostraight,gethurt,waitfor,becareful,awayfrom交际用语:1.HowcanIgetto…?2.GoalongXinhuaStreetandturnleftatthefirststreet.3.Couldyoutellmethewayto…?4.Goalongthisroaduntil…1.–Excuseme,whichisthewaytothepostoffice?–Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mnewhere.–Thankyouallthesame!79\n1.–Excuseme.Isthereabanknearhere?–Yes.Goupthisstreettotheend,andyou’llfinditonyourleft.2.Don’tplayonthestreet.语法精粹:祈使句Unit7CelebratingtheBirthdayTopic1Whenwereyouborn?核心词汇:birthday,May,celebrate,party,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,twelfth,twentieth,Saturday,date,thousand,July,October,August,were,was,born,January,March,April,June,September,November,December,rest,alone,present,ago,candle,square,circle,surprise,wash,football,machine,shape常用词组:plantodosth.,beborn,havealook,usesth.for…,givesb.asurprise重点句型:1.Howdoyouplantocelebrateit?2.ShewasbornonOctober22nd,1996.3.Whatshapewasitamomentago?4.Howlong/wideisit?5.Whatdoweuseitfor?交际用语:1.–Wouldyouliketocome?–Thankyou.I’dloveto.2.–Whatdayisittoday?–It’sSaturday.3.–What’sthedatetoday?–It’sMay5th,2007.4.–CanIhavealook?–Sorry,I’mafraidyoucan’t.语法精粹:1.一般过去时(I)2.基数词和序数词的用法Topic2Canyoudancethedisco?核心词汇:skate,smart,count,hen,jump,frog,climb,tennis,write,still,anything,word,mean,lonely常用词组:haveagoodtime,take…to,takephotos,begoodat重点句型:1.WhynotsingChinesesongswithme?2.Whatelsecanyoudo?3.Therewassomethingwrongwithhereyes.交际用语:1.–Canyoudance?–Yes,Ican./Yes,alittle./Yes,verywell.–Canyoudraw?–No,Ican’t./No,notatall.2.Happybirthdaytoyou!3.Youaresosmart!4.Noway!语法精粹:情态动词can/could的用法。79\nTopic3Wehadawonderfulparty?核心词汇:did,recite,poem,magic,enjoy,rock,yesterday,fall,happen,himself,video,lie,truth,fact,ever,everyone,around,silent,blow,breath,had,lose,funny常用词组:atonce,falldown,comeback,infact,byhand,tellalie,makeasilentwish,blowout,inonebreath重点句型:1.DidKangkangenjoyhimselfattheparty?2.HelenwasrecitingapoemwhileMariawasdancingballet.3.ButwewenttoAlice’shomeandtalkedaboutituntiltwelveo’clock.4.DidJudytellalietoherfather?5.Kangkangmadeasilentwish,andthenheblewthecandlesoutinonebreath.交际用语:1.It’syourturn.2.Didyouhurtyourself?3.Lookatyourhands!Goandwashthematonce.4.Thisway,please.5.Howcouldyoulietome?6.–Wedidseeamovie.Itwaswonderful!–Oh,really?7.Whydidn’tyoutellmethetruth?语法精粹:一般过去时(Ⅱ)Unit8TheSeasonsandtheWeatherTopic1Howistheweatherinfall?核心词汇:weather,spring,summer,winter,season,warm,mountain,cold,rain,snow,ground,holiday,low,umbrella,remember,wear,sunshine,spend,report,busy,leaf,cloudy,snowy,sunny,windy,rainy,temperature,bright,if,shorts常用词组:makeasnowman,allday,niceandwarm,remembertodosth.needtodosth.lateron,alltheyearround,comebacktolife,thesameas,lastfrom…to(从……持续到……),bebusydoingsth.fallfrom(从……上掉下来)重点句型:1.Itisagoodseasonforhiking.2.Itisagoodtimetoclimbmountains.3.Thegroundiswhitewithsnow.4.It’sniceandwarm.5.What’stheweatherlikeinsummer?6.Pleaseremembertowearwarmclothes.7.Youneedtowearsunglasses.8.Manytreesandflowerscomebacktolife.9.Thefarmersarebusyharvesting.10.Theleavesfallfromthetree.11.WinterlastsfromDecembertoFebruary.79\n交际用语:1.–What‘stheweatherlikeinspring?–It’swarm.2.–Howwastheweatheryesterday?–Itwascloudyallday.3.–Whichseasondoyoulikebest,spring,summer,fallorwinter?–Ilikesummerbest.4.–What’sthetemperature,doyouknow?–Thelowtemperatureis20℃andthehightemperatureis25℃5It’shardtosay.语法精粹:一般现在时与一般过去时的用法比较Topic2Thesummerholidaysarecoming.核心词汇:travel,country,hope,together,interest,each,expensive,camera,raincoat,map,trip,enter,off,wet,point,touch,finger,paper,gift,pass,during,greeting,tent常用词组:talkabout,takepictures,gettogetherwith,placesofinterest,apairof,andsoon,goonatrip,takeoff,pointto,pass…to…,giftmoney,thedaybeforeyesterday重点句型:1.Thesummerholidaysarecomingsoon.2.Iwishtotravelaroundthecountryandtakepictures.3.Ihopetogettogetherwiththem.4.What’sthebesttimetogothere?5.WhatshouldItakewithme?6.Howlongwereyouthere?7.Itisverydifferentfromours.交际用语:1.–Ihopeyouallhaveagoodtime.–You,too.2.Itsoundsreallyinteresting!3.–Howwasyourtrip?–Itwaswonderful!4.Pleasegivemylovetoyourparents.语法精粹:一般过去时的特殊疑问句形式。Topic3Let’scelebrate!核心词汇:festival,Christmas,potato,sweet,luck,riddle,special,believe,important,prepare,open,grape,whole,lucky,knock,shout,labor,international,hold,race,national,capital,flag,burn,god常用词组:stayup,putup,playtrickson,preparefor,attheendof,knockon/at重点句型:1.ItmeanstheendoftheSpringFestival.2.Peopleshowtheirlovetotheirmothersbygivingpresents.3.PeoplearebusypreparingforChristmas.4.TheygiveChristmascardstotheirfriendsanddecorateChristmastreeswithlightsandcolorfulballs.5.Childrenputupstockingsbythefireplaces.6.InChina,celebratingSpringFestivalisabigevent.79\n1.Ontheeveofthefestival,thewholefamilygettogetherforabigdinner.2.Peoplestayupandenjoydumplingsatmidnightforgoodluck.3.Childrengreettheirparentsandgetluckymoneyasnewyeargifts.交际用语:1.MerryChristmas!2Let’scelebrate.3Pleasegivemybestwishestoyourparents.语法精粹:一般过过去时(Ⅲ)八年级英语上册Unit1SportsandGamesTopic1Areyougoingtoplaybasketball?一.重点词语:1.almost(反义词)never2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner3.ski(现在分词)skiing4.famous(比较级)morefamous5.arrive(同义词)reach6.leave(过去式))left7.popular(最高级)mostpopular8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(一)词组1.duringthesummerholidays在暑假期间2.between…and…在两者之间3cheersb.on为某人加油4preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事5quiteabit/alot很多6plantodosth.计划做某事7haveaskatingclub举办滑雪俱乐部8goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9arrivein/at到达10playagainst…与……对抗/较量11forlong很久12leavefor…动身去…13thedayaftertomorrow后天14China’snationalteam中国国家队15playbaseball打棒球16atleast至少17Whatashame!多羞愧!18begoodat善于做某事19takepartin参加20allovertheworld全世界21begoodfor对……有益22agoodway一种好方法23keepfit/healthy保持健康24relaxoneself放松某人自己二.重点句型1What’syourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜爱的运动是什么?2Whichsportdoyouprefer?=Whichsportdoyoulikebetter?你更喜欢什么运动?Ipreferskating.=Ilikeskatingbetter.我更喜欢滑雪.79\n3Doyouskatemuch?=Doyouoftenskate?你常滑雪吗?4Shespendsatleasthalfanhourinthegymeveryday.每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.5Sheplaysbaseballprettywellandsheisalsogoodatjumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.6Whatkindofsportsdoyoulike?=Whichsportdoyoulike?你喜欢哪种运动?7Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?你愿意来为我们加油吗?8Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?当你长大后做什么?9Thereisgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextmonth.下月有一场运动会。重点语言点1.seesb.dosth“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程,常与everyday;often等连用.seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行.如:Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays.Ioftenseehimdrawpicturesneartheriver.我常看见她在河边画画.Isawhergoacrossthestreet.我看见她过了马路Isawhergoingacrossthestreet.我看见她正在过马路.[类似的有watch,hear,feel等这类感观动词.2.joinsb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+组织表示“加入某个组织”takepartin表示“参加/出席某个活动”如:Willyoujoinus?Iwilljointheskiingclub.Sheisplanningtotakepartinthehighjump.3.arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地getto+地点=reach+地点如:MyunclearrivedinBeijingyesterday.IarrivedattheGreatWall.=IgottotheGreatWall.=IreachedtheGreatWall.注意:reachhere/there/home=gethere/there/home=arrivehere/there/home4.leave…离开……leavefor…动身去…/离开到…如:TheyareleavingBeijingtomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.后天他们要前往日本.5.afew“几个;一些”修饰可数名词alittle“一点点”修饰不数名词如:Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.6.howlong表示“多久(时间)”;提问时间段.howoften表示“多常;多久一次”;提问时间的频率.如:TheywillstayinBeijingforaweek.→HowlongwilltheystayinBeijing?Heplaysbasketballtwiceaweek.→Howoftendoesheplaybasketball?79\n7.begoodat(doing)sth.=dowellin(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事如:Sheisgoodat(playing)baseball.=Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball.8.makesth/sb+adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态keep…sth/sb+adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态如:Playingsoccercanmakeyourbodystrong.Swimmingcanhelptokeepyourheartandlungshealthy.Topic2Wouldyoumindteachingme?一、重点词语:(一)词形转换:(1)adj.+ly→adv.loud→loudlysoft→softlyquiet→quietlyclear→clearlyangry→angrilyeasy→easily(2)过去式:fall→fellbreak→brokelose→lostthrow→threwfeel→felt(3)1.ill(同义词)sick(名词)illness2.start(同义词)begin3.far(反义词)near4.smoke(现在分词)smoking5.careless(反义词)careful6.important(比较级)moreimportant7.Russia(公民)Russian8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying9.invent(名词)invention;inventor10.indoor(反义词)outdoor11.century(复数)centuries12.coach(复数)coaches13.feel(名词)feeling14.tiring(近义词)tired(二)词组:1.haveasoccergame进行一场足球赛2fallill病倒了3bealittlefarfrom离……有点远4rightaway=atonce立刻;马上5missagoodchance错过一个好机会6get/missagoal得到/失去一分7shameonsb.为某人感到羞耻8doone’sbest尽某人的力9saysorrytosb.对某人说抱歉10besuretodosth.确定做某事11beangrywith…生某人的气12withone’shelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的帮助下13servefood上菜14turnup/down…调高/低(音量)79\n15keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事16inaminute一分钟后;马上17onthephone在电话中18takeaseat就坐19nevermind不要紧20alotoftraveling一系列旅行21love/enjoydoingsth喜爱/欢做某事22haveaveryexcitinglife过着非常兴奋的生活23aswell也24throw…into…把……投进……25follow/obeytherules遵守规则26overacenturylater一个多世纪后27moreandmorepeople越来越多的人28feeltired感到疲劳29insteadof…替代……30asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事31makeaplanforsb.为某人订一份计划32buildup增进;增强33havefundoingsth.乐于做…..做某事34beimportantto对于某人来说是重要35inaminute/atonce/rightaway立刻/马上二.重点句型1.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?你能帮我吗?2.Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?你教我好吗?3.Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?你不要在这里抽烟好吗?4.Youarealwayssocareless.你总是这样粗心大意.5.I’mverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为所说感到到道歉。6.Wearesuretowinnexttime下次,我们一定回赢。7.Letmebuyyouanewone.=Letmebuyanewoneforyou.让我为你买一个新的。8.Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。9.Andyoucanthrowitwithonehandorbothhands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。10.IhavegreatfunrunningandIfeelwellandlookfit我总是快乐地跑步和我感到很好,看上去很健康。三.重点语言点1.ill与sick都表示“生病的”,只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如:Themanisill/sick.那个男人病了.(作表语)Heisasickman.他是个病人.(作定语)2.Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth?表示“(不)做某事介意/好吗?”如:Wouldyoumindcomingandcheckingit?来修理它好吗?Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?79\n3.oneof+名词复数表示“其中之一……”,主语是one,表单数.如:Oneofmyteammatesisstrongandtall.其中我的一个队友又高又壮。OneofmyfriendslikesEnglish其中我的一个朋友喜欢英语。4.miss“错过,思念,遗失”如:Imissedthelastbusyesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车.Hemissedhismother.他想念他的母亲.MyGod!Imissed(=lost)mykey.天啊!我把钥匙弄丢了.5.besuretodosth.=besurethat+句子“确定做某事”如:Wearesuretowinnexttime.=Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.我们确信下次一定会赢。6.besorryfor…“为某事抱歉”besorrytodosth.=besorry(that)+句子“很抱歉做了某事”如:IamverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.I’msorryIlostyourbook.=I’msorrytoloseyourbook.很抱歉弄丢你的书。7.tiredadj.“(感到)疲惫的”,主语是人如:Ifeeltiredtoday.今天我感到累了.tiringadj.“令人疲劳的”,主语是事物如:Thisjobistiring.这份工作令人疲惫.类似的有:excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的interested感到有趣的interesting有趣的8.15-year-old“15岁的”15yearsold“15岁”如:Heisa15-year-oldboy.=Theboyis15yearsold.类似用法:2.5-mile/2.5miles9.instead“替代;相反”,一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.insteadof…“替代……;而不……,相反”如:Iwon’tgotoShanghai.I’llgotoBeijing,instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.=I’llgotoBeijinginsteadofShanghai.Idrankalotofmilkinsteadofwater.我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.10.havefundoingsth.=enjoydoingsth.表示“从做…….中获得乐趣”如:Ihavegreatfunrunning.=Ienjoyrunning.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。Topic3Beijingwillhostthe2008Olympics.一、重点词组:1.jointheEnglishclub加入英语俱乐部2.hostthe2008Olympics举办2008年奥运会3.fillout填出/好4goon发生;进行79\n5alltheinterestingplaces所有有趣的地方6quitealot相当多7makefriendswith…与……交朋友8beafraid恐怕9befree有空10seeyouthen再见11winthefirstgoldmedal赢得第一枚金牌12get28goldmedals获得28枚金牌13thewinnerofthefirstgoldmedal第一枚金牌的获胜者14everyfouryears每四年;每隔三年15themascotfortheBeijingOlympics北京奥运会的吉祥物16behavewell举止得体17improvetheenvironment改善环境18planttreesandgrass种植花草树木19asymbolof…一种……的象征20standfor代表21thefivepartsoftheworld世界的五大部分22domorningexercises做早操23befondof(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事二、重点句型1.Couldyoutellmeyourname?=What’syourname?你能告诉我你的名字吗?2.Whatdoyoudo?=What’syourjob?=Whatareyou?你是干什么的?3.Beijingwillhostthe2008Olympics.北京将主办2008年奥运会4.Moreandmoreforeignfriendsrideinmytaxi(=takemytaxi)now.现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.5.SpeakingEnglishwillhelpmealot.说英语将对我有很大帮助.6..Pleasefillitout.请把它填好.7.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?=Howwilltheweatherbethisweekend?本周末的天气怎样?8.TherewillbemoreroadsinBeijing.在北京将会有更多的马路.9.Whenshallwemeet?我们什么时候见面?10.Let’smakeithalfpastsix.咱们把时间定在六点半吧。三.重点语言点1.fillout+名词“填好……”fill+名词/代词+out如:Pleasefilloutthisform.=Pleasefillthisformout.请填好这张表格.Pleasefillit/themout.(当宾语是代词时,只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.2.beafraid…“恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.beafraidof…“害怕(做)……”如:I’mafraidIwon’tbefree.我恐怕没有空.79\nHeisafraidofdogs.他害怕狗.Theyareafraidoflosingthegame.他们害怕输了比赛.3maybe“可能是……”may是情态动词+bemaybe“或许;可能”maybe是副词如:Hemaybeateacher.=Maybeheisateacher.他可能是一名老师.Hemayknowhername.=Maybeheknowshername.他可能知道她的名字.4between在两者之间among在三者或三者当中如:TheanswerisbetweenAandB.答案在A和B之间.Thewinnerisamongofus.获胜者在我们当中.5.Therebe句型的一般将来时正:Therewillbeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.误:Therewillhaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.四、交际用语提建议的句型:Wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/Howaboutgoinghikingwithus?和我们一起去远足怎么样?Whydon’tyougohikingwithus?你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Whynotgohikingwithus?为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?Let’sgohiking.让我们一起去远足吧!Wouldyoumindgoinghikingwithus?你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Wouldyoupleasegohikingwithus?和我们一起去远足好吗?Unit2KeepinghealthyTopic1Howareyoufeelingtoday?一、重点短语1.haveacold/atoothache/afever/acough/abackache/astomachache/asorethroat/theflu/soreeyes感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼2.takearest=havearest休息3notreadfortoolong不要看书太久4boiledwater开水5stayinbed卧病在床,躺在床上6haveagoodsleep好好睡一觉7feelterrible感觉难受8dayandnight日日夜夜9You`dbetter=Youhadbetter你最好-------10notsowell很不好11nottoobad没什么大碍79\n12muchbetter好多了13gotoseeadoctor去看病14take/havesomemedicine吃药15take---to---把--------带到--------16send---to---把-------送到-------17hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶18liedown躺下19lookafter=takecareof照看,照顾20brushteeth刷牙21haveanaccident发生一次意外/事故22don`tworry别担心23worryabout担心--------24nothingserious没什么严重,没什么大碍25checkover诊断,仔细检查26thankyoufor----因--------而感谢你27buy---for--为------买------28not------until----直到-------才----29icecream冰淇淋30both----and---------和-------都是----31takesomecoldpills吃感冒药32plentyof许多,大量二、重点句型1.What`swrongwithyou/him/her?你/他/她怎么了?What`sthematterwith-------?What`sthetroublewith------?2.Youshouldseeadentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达建议的句子。还可以用以下句式:you`dbetter(not)-------how/whatabout--------whynot/don`tyou--------3.I`msorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示同情别人的句子。4.Youlookpale.你看起来很苍白。(1)在英语中表示气色不好,苍白,不用whit,而用pale(2)“look”在这里译作“看起来”,作连系动词,后接形容词。如:Youlookbeautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有tast,sound,smell,feel。如:Thesouptastesverydelicious.这汤尝起来真香。Yourvoicesoundnice.你的声音听起来很动人。Theflowerssmellsweet.这些花闻起来很香。Thesilkfeelssmooth丝绸摸起来很光滑。5.------ShallItakeyoutothehospital?我送你去医院吧?-------No,thankyou.不用,谢谢。ShallIdo----需要我做-------吗?takesbto-----------把某人送到某地6.I`lltakesomemedicineandseehowitgoes.我打算先吃药看看情况再说。“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it”用来代指病情。如:Howiseverythinggoing?一切进展如何?Everythingisgoingwell.一切进展顺利。7.You`dbetterdrinkhotteawithhoney.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。teawithhoney加了蜂蜜的茶,with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有:somecoffeewithsugarandmilk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡someteawithoutsugar不加糖的茶8.Michaelhadanaccidentyesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。hadanaccident发生了事故9.ButmyleftlegstillhurtswhenImoveit.可是当我挪动脚时,还是有点儿疼。句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”,作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。79\n如:myheadhurts.10.YourX-raysshowit`snothingserious.你的X光照片显示没什么严重的问题。nothingserious没什么严重的。nothing,something,anything等不定代词,被形容词修饰时,形容词位于其后。如:Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.我有一些重要的事情要说。11.Stayinbedanddon`tmoveyourlegtoomuch.躺在床上,不要总是挪动你的腿。12.Michael`sfriendsboughtsomechocolateforhim.迈克的朋友给他买饿一些巧克力。buysthforsb.双宾语的运用。使用双宾语时,在人宾前需要使用介词,有时用“to”有时用“for”,这与动词本身有关,表示动词的方向,多用“to”,表示动词的目的,多用“for”givesthtosb.passsthtosb.bringsthtosb.takesthtosb.cooksthforsb.buysthfortosb.13.------butIcouldn`treadthemuntiltoday.但是直到今天我才读了它们。not----until直到------才-------until在肯定句动词一般用延续性动词,在否定句中动词一般为短暂性动词。如:Hewillwaitforhisfatheruntilteno`clock.他将等他父亲一直到10点钟。Hewon`tleaveuntilhisfathercomes.他直到他父亲回来才离开。Topic2Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking一、重点短语1.stayuplate熬夜2bebadfor对------有害3begoodfor对------有益4toomuch太多,过分5domorningexercises做早操6keeplongfingernails长长指甲7playsportsright进行适当的体育锻炼8gotoschoolwithoutbreakfast不吃早餐去上学9haveabath洗澡10takeafreshbreath呼吸新鲜空气11read----about---读关于-------12Ren`aiEnglishPost仁爱英语报13asksbtodo叫某人做某事14giveup放弃15readinthesun在太阳底下看书16throwlitterabout乱扔垃圾17onthelawn在草坪上18put------into------把-------放进-----19exerciseonanemptystomach空腹锻炼20getinto进入21keeptheaircleanandfresh保持空气清新22washhandsbeforemeals饭前洗手23potatochips炸薯条二、重点句型1.Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.熬夜有害健康。1)stayuplate熬夜2)bebadfor对--------有害。类似的短语还有:begoodfor---对------有好处3)stayinguplateis---动名词作主语。当我们需要一个动词充当主语时,常用此动词的动名词(即doing)形式。如:Playingbasketballisgoodforyourheath.打篮球对你的身体有好处。Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。Swimmingismyhobby.游泳是我的爱好。79\n1.Itwillkeepyouactiveduringtheday.它会使你在白天保持活力。keepsth/sb.+adj.保持某物/某人在某种状态。如:keepyourfingersailsclean.保持你的指甲干净。keepourstreetsclean.让街道保持干净。2.Differentfoodshelpusindifferentways不同的食物对我们有不同的作用.indifferentways.译为“用不同的方式”。3.Ifweeattoolitteleortoomuchfood-----如果我们吃太少或太多食物------little少得几乎没有,表否定,修饰不可数名词。alittle有一些,表示肯定,修饰不可数名词。与little,alittle类似的用法的还有few,afew。few少得几乎没有,表否定,修饰可数名词。afew有一些,表示肯定,修饰可数名词。4.Walkingisgoodexerciseanditisnecessaryforgoodhealth.散步是很好的锻炼,它是身体健康必不可少的。benecessaryfor----对--------来说是必不可少的如:Sunshineisnecessaryforourlife.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。Foodisnecessaryforlife.食物是生命所必需的。三、语法学习1)情态动词must及其否定形式mustnotmust译为“必须做------”其否定意义“不必做-------”,用don`thaveto表示,而不用mustnot。如:——mustIfinishittonight?——No,youdon`thaveto.而mustnot译作“禁止做--------”。如:Youmustnotthrowlitterabout.Don`tthrowlitterabout.别到处乱扔垃圾。2)情态动词maymay有两种含义,表示请求允许,译作“可以”。如:MayIcomein?我可以进来吗?表示推测,译作“可能”。如:Youmaygetaheadachewhenyouworktoohard.当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。Youmaygetaheadachewhenyoucan`tgetenoughsleep.当你睡眠不足时,你可能会头疼。enoughsleep充足的睡眠。enough修饰名词时放在前后均可;当它修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词后面。如:strongenough足够强壮Topic3whatshouldwedotofightSARS?一、重点短语1.hurryup快点,赶快2.goahead(尤指经某人允许)开始,干下去,走在前面,领先79\n3domoreexercise多锻炼4dosomecleaning做扫除5allthetime一直6haveto不得不,必须7keepaway远离-------8justamoment稍等一会儿9getthrough拨通(电话);通过10takecareof照顾11carefor照顾(病人);照料;喜欢12talkwith和----交谈13enjoyoneself过得愉快14Chinesemedicine中药15sincethen从那时起16getlost丢失了,迷路17onone`swayto----在某人去----------的路上18bymistake错误地19askforleave请假20healthyfood健康食物21crowdedplaces拥挤的地方22doone`sbest尽力23changeclothesoften常换衣服24washhandsoften常洗手25ring------up打电话给--------26leaveamessage留口信27takeamessage带口信28call----back给------回电话29takeanactivepartin积极参加30thenameof------------的名称31whatdoyouthinkof--?你认为---------怎么样?32haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself过得愉快33nexttime下次34let-------out让-------出去35teachoneselfontheInternet网上自学36beafraidof害怕-----,恐惧-------一、重点句型1.Sure,goahead.当然可以,请问吧!ahead意思是向前,这里的goahead原意为向前走,在这里译作继续问问题,相当于goon2.Pleasetellmyfathertotakecareofhimself请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。takecareof照顾,照料。同义词:lookaftertellsbtodosthasksbtodosthwantsbtodosthgetsbtodosth表示让某人去做某时事3.canItakeamessage?我能为您梢个口信吗?takeamessage梢口信leaveamessage留口信giveamessageto--------给某人一个口信4.I`lltellherwhenshecomesback.她一回来我就告诉她。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时,从句一般用现在时。如:He`llphonemewhenhearrivesinBeijing.当他到北京时,他将回给我打电话。5.------,hetookanactivepartinthebattleagainstit.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。against与---相对抗takepartin--------参加--------;加入到某种活动中takeanactivepartin----积极参加,如:Youshouldtakeanactivepartinthesportsmeetinyourschool.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。6.Hecaredforthepatients.他日夜关心着病人。careforsb---关心某人7.It`smydutytosavethepatients.救治病人是我的职责。79\nit`s------todo-----做某事是---------在此句式中,“todo---”是真正的主语,而“it”是形式主语,类似的句式有:It`sdangeroustoclimbthetree.怕树很危险。1.Longtimenosee.好久没见!这是一句常用口语,在久别重逢的朋友之间,还可以说“Haven`tseenyouforalongtime!”。2.ItoughtmyselfontheInternet.我在网上自学。1)ontheInternet在网络上。介词on用来表示在网上、电视上、收音机里、电话里。如:2)onthephone,ontheradio,ontv3)teachoneself自学,近义词组为:learnbyoneself3.HowoftendoesMrBrownexercise?布朗先生多长时间锻炼一次?howoften对频率提问,回答用once/twice/threetimes-----aday/aweek/-----;exercise在这里为动词,意思是“锻炼,运动”。一、语法学习1.反身代词的形式2、反身代词的用法1)“by+反身代词”表示“单独地,独自一人地”。如:Theboycouldn`tmakethemodelplanebyhimself那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。2)反身代词常与一些动词连用。如:“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”;“hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如:JaneteachesherselfEnglish.简自学英语。Lilyfelldownandhurtherselfyesterday.昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。注:反身代词与个别动词搭配使用,意思发生变化。如:“help+反身代词+to----”表示“随便吃-----”;“enjoy+反身代词”表示“-----玩得开心”。Helpyourselftosomestrawberries,please.请随便吃些草莓。Theyenjoyedthemselvesatthepartylastnight.昨晚在晚会上他们玩得很开心。3)反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时,起加强语气的作用,可译为“亲自,本人”。如:You`dbetteraskyourteacheraboutityourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。Unit3MyHobbyTopic1Ilovecollectingstamps一.重点词汇hobby爱好vacation假期painting绘画friendship友谊knowledge知识daily每日的whether是否suchas例如usedtodosth.过去常常做某事takeabath洗澡beinterestedin对……感兴趣godancing跳舞goboating划船playvolleyball打排球swimming游泳drawing画画collectingstamps集邮collectingcoins收藏硬币listeningtopopmusic听流行音乐listeningtoclassicalmusic听古典音乐79\nlisteningtosymphony听交响乐walkinginthecountryside在乡间散步二.重点句型:1.Wow!Somanystamps!(Page53)哇,那么多的邮票!本句意为:Therearesomanystamps. somany意思是“那么多”,somuch意思也是“那么多”。如:1)Therearesomanyflowers.Or: Somanyflowers!这里有这么多的花。2)Thereissomuchwateronthetable.Or:Somuchwater!桌子上有那么多的水。    2.Wecanlearnalotaboutpeople,places,history,andspecialtimesfromstamps.(Page53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。alot“许多、大量”,用在动词后,同verymuch。如:1)ShehadtoldmealotabouthowtolearnEnglishwell.她告诉我许多有关怎样学好英语的方法。2)Thanksalot.非常感谢。另外,alotof和lotsof的意思也是“许多、大量”,要用在名词前,在肯定句中常代替much,many。在口语中尤其如此。如:Therearealotof/lotsofhistorybooksintheroom.屋里有许多历史书。Thereisstillalotof/lotsofsnowontopofthehouse.房上仍有许多雪。Wehavehadalotof/lotsoffruits.我们吃过许多水果。alotof和lotsof之间没有多大区别,都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时,动词用单数,与可数名词连用时,动词用复数。见上述例句。3.Wouldyouliketocollectanyofthesethings?(Page53)你想集下面这些东西吗?wouldyouliketo+动词原形,表示“想要……”如:1)Wouldyouliketohaveacupofcoffee?你想要一杯咖啡吗?2)Wouldyouliketohavesomethingtodrink?你想要点喝的吗?any用在疑问句、条件从句中,可以翻译为“什么”、“一些”。如:1)Arethereanylettersforme?这有我的信吗?2)Ifyouhaveanytrouble,pleaseletmeknow.如果你有什么困难,请告诉我。 4.Whatthingsdoyoulovecollecting?(Page53)你喜欢集什么东西?love+doing表示“喜欢、爱好”,也可以用like+doing表示。如:1)Ilovelisteningtothemusic.我爱好听音乐。2)Iloveskating.我喜欢溜冰。 5.Iaminterestedinplayingsports.(Page54)我对运动感兴趣。beinterestedin(doing)sth.“对……感兴趣”如:1)I aminterestedinreadingbooks.我对读书特别感兴趣。2)Jackisinterestedinfootball.杰克对足球很感兴趣。 6.Whatdoyouoftendoinyoursparetime?(Page55)在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊?inone’ssparetime“在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”,也可用inone’sfreetime替换。如:1)Ishalldoitinmysparetime.我会在我的业余时间做这件事。2)InmyfreetimeIoftengotothemovies.在闲暇之际,我常去看电影。 7.Ioftengofishing.(Page55)我经常去钓鱼。79\ngo+doing表示“去做某事”go+v-ing结构很常用,多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:1)Let’sgofishingnextSunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。2)Areyougoinghikingthisweekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗?      另外还有:gohunting去打猎  goshooting去射击  goswimming去游泳gobathing去沐浴  goshopping去购物  goclimbing去爬山 8.AndIdoalotofreading.(Page55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。在英语中有不少由“do+doing”的结构,表示“干某事”。如:散步 dosomewalking   doalotofwalking读书 dosome readingdoalotofreading洗衣服 dosome washingdoalotofwashing买东西 dosomeshoppingdoalotofshopping清扫 dosomecleaningdoalotofcleaning9.Imamoviefan.(page55)我是一个电影迷。fan(运动、电影等)狂热爱好者。如:afilm/football/starfan同时,fan作为名词还有“风扇”的意思。如:electricfan电扇。 10.IalsorentVCDsandwatchthemathome.(Page55)我也租一些VCD在家看。watch“观看、注视”。如:1)IliketowatchTV.我喜欢看电视。2)Areyougoingtoplayorwatch?你将参加比赛还是只是去看看? 11.Whynotgooutanddosomeoutdooractivities?(Page55)为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢?这是一个省略句,全句可以说成Whyshallwenotgooutanddosomeoutdooractivities?常在口语中使用,用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文,如:1)Whynotmeetattheschoolgate?我们在校门口见面好吗?2)Whynotrunalittlefaster?为什么不跑快一点呢?some“一些、几个”,用在疑问句中,表示希望得到肯定回答。如:1)Wouldyouliketogiveussomegoodadvice?请给我们一些好的建议好吗?2)Wouldyoulikesomecoffeeortea?请问,你是想喝咖啡还是茶? 12.MaybeIneedachange.(Page55)或许我需要改变。maybe“也许、可能、大概”。如:1)Maybehewillcome,maybehewon’t.也许他来,也许他不来。2)—Isthattrue?那是真的吗?—Maybe,Iamnotsure.也许,我也不敢肯定。 13.Myinterestsarechangingallthetime.(Page56)我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。allthetime“总是、一直”。如:1)Whyareyouplayingallthetime?你为什么总是玩啊?2)Lookatthesemonkeys,theyarejumpingallthetime.看看这些猴子,它们一直跳个不停。 14.AndIwasn’tinterestedinsportsatall.(Page56)我对运动一点兴趣都没有。79\nnot...atall“一点也不……”;“全然不”。如:1)Ididn’tminditatall.我一点也不在意。2)—Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你帮助我。—Notatall.没关系。3)Hedidn’tknowthatatall.他对此事一无所知。   15.Butnow,myhobbiesaresports,likesoccerandswimming.(Page56)但是现在我的爱好是体育,比如足球和游泳。like “像……,好比……”。如:1)Heswimsveryquicklylikeafish.他游泳非常地快,像一条鱼。2)Thecakeisroundlikeamoon.这块蛋糕是圆的,就像月亮一样。 16.Inevermissanyimportantsoccergames.(Page56)我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。never“未曾、从未”,表示否定。如:1)Ihavenevermethimbefore.我以前从未见过他。2)YouhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall,haveyou?你从未去过长城,是吗? 17.Iusedtoknowlittleaboutpaintings.(Page56)我过去不太懂绘画。little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”;“很少”。little相当于notmuch,few相当于notmany。little与不可数名词连用,few与可数名词复数连用。如:1)Ihavelittletime.我的时间很少。2)Iunderstoodlittleofhisspeech.他的话我没有明白多少。3)Fewofthestudentspassedtheexam.没有几个学生考试及格。Fewpeoplewouldagreewithhim.没有多少人同意他。而alittle和afew含有肯定的意思,表示“一些”;“几个”(虽然少,但有一些)。如:1)IknowalittleFrench.我多少还懂点儿法语。2)There’salittlewaterintheglass.杯子里还有点儿水。3)Canyoustayafewdayslonger?你能多呆几天吗?4)IstillhaveafewfriendsinBeijing.我在北京还有几个朋友。 18.Ienjoylisteningtorockmusic.(Page56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。like,love,enjoy和prefer,这四个词都有“喜欢”之意,但用法不同。试比较:like意为“喜欢、爱好”,语气较弱,其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作宾语。like也常跟复合宾语,宾语补足语常用动词不定式。如:1)InEngland,manypeoplelikefishandchips.在英国,许多人喜欢鱼和油炸土豆条。2)Jacklikesplayingfootball.杰克爱踢足球。3)Idon’tliketoeatapplesnow.现在我不想吃苹果。love意为“爱,热爱,喜欢”,常指对祖国、亲人及朋友的爱,也可用于事物,强调非常喜欢,具有较强的感情色彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如:1)Fatherloveshiswork.爸爸热爱他的工作。2)IlovewatchingTV.我爱看电视。3)Childrenlovetoplaythisgame.孩子们爱做这种游戏。4)Weallloveourgreatmotherland.我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。enjoy意为“喜欢,欣赏”,含有“乐于、享受……之乐趣”之意,其后可以跟名词、代词或动79\n名词作宾语。enjoyoneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。1)TheGreensenjoylivinginChina.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。2)Didyouenjoyyourselfinthezoo?你在动物园玩得愉快吗?3)ManyforeignersenjoyChinesefood.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”,常用于两者之间的选择,其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer...to...表示“宁愿……,不愿……”,“喜欢……而不喜欢……”,其中to为介词,后可跟名词或动名词。如:1)Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?你比较喜欢喝茶,还是喝咖啡?2)Ipreferwalkingtocycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。3)Mybrotherlikesmaths,butIpreferEnglish.我哥哥喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。 19.Didyouusetogoswimmingduring summervacations?(Page57)在暑假里,你过去经常去游泳么?during“在……的期间、在……的时候”。如:1)Thesungivesuslightduringthedaytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。2)Hecalledtoseemeduringmyabsence.当我不在的时候他来访过我。 20.Iusedtodothatinthepondinfrontofmyhouse.(Page57)我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。infrontof“在……的前面”;指在物体外部的前面。而inthefrontof“……的前部”;指在物体内部的前面,即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较:1)Thereisatalltreeinfrontofmyhouse.我家房前有一棵大树。2)Don’tstandinfrontofme.Ican’tseetheblackboard.别站在我前面。我都看不见黑板了。3)Theteacherisgivingalessoninthefrontoftheclassroom.老师在教室的前面讲课。4)Thedriverissittinginthefrontofthecar.司机坐在汽车的前面。 21.Nobody.Itaughtmyself.(Page57)没有任何人,我自学的。teachoneself“自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教……”有些动词后常跟反身代词,如:enjoyoneself“过得愉快”,helponeself“随便吃(用)……”。如:1)Sheteacheshistoryinourschool.她在我们学校教历史。2)ShetaughthissonEnglishwhenhewas3yearsold.她儿子3岁时,她就教他英语。3)Didyouenjoyyourselvesintheparty?你们在舞会上玩得愉快吗?4)Helpyourselftosomefruit.请随便吃些水果吧。 22.Whentheyarefree,peopleusuallydowhattheylike.(Page58)当人们空闲的时候,他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事情。free“有空、空闲”,befree可以替换为havetime。如:1)Areyoufreethisevening?=Doyouhavetimethisevening?你今天晚上有空吗?2)IfIamfree,Iamgoingtovisitthemuseum.=IfIhavetime,Iamgoingtovisitthemuseum.如果有时间,我打算去参观博物馆。 23.Theyalsopaintpicturesorcollectthingssuchascoins,dollsorstamps.(Page58)他们也绘画或者收集一些东西,例如:硬币、娃娃或邮票。suchas“像……、比如……、诸如……”如:79\n1)Westudyseveralsubjects,suchasChinese,maths,Englishandphysics.我们学习很多的科目,比如语文、数学、英语和物理。2)Icannamesomeanimalsinthezoo,suchastiger,wolf,foxandsoon.我可以叫出动物园里一些动物的名字,如老虎,狼,狐狸等。 24.Whenpeoplebecomeold,hobbiescankeepthemhealthy.Whenpeoplearesick,hobbiescanhelpthemgetwellsooner.(Page58)当人们变老的时候,爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候,爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。本句中become,keep,be,与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。系动词一共可以分为两大类:表示状态的和表示状态变化的。系动词表示状态的又分为以下三类:1)be,seem,appear等。2)由感官动词变化而来的,翻译成中文通常可以翻译成“……起来”,这些系动词有:look,sound,feel,taste,smell等。3)由不及物动词转化而来的,这些系动词有:stand,keep,prove,remain系动词表示状态变化的包括:become,go,get,grow,turn,fall等。如:1)Coffeesmellsnice.咖啡闻起来好香。2)Afterhearingthat,hisfacewentred.听完,他的脸红了。3)Thedaysgetlongerandlongerinspring.春天白天变得越来越长了。  24.IcallhimPinkpig.Thecolorofhisskinislightpink.(Page59)我叫他粉色,因为他的皮肤是淡粉色的。light“淡色的、浅色的”,而dark的意思则是“深色的、暗淡的”。如:1)Whichdressdoyoulike,thelightoneorthedarkone?你喜欢哪条裙子,浅色的还是深色的?2)Itisdarknow.Let’sgohomequickly.天黑了,咱们快点儿回家吧。 25.Pinklikestohaveabath.(Page59)Pink喜欢洗澡。haveabath洗澡短语haveabath与动词bathe意思一样,但前者表示在有限的时间里进行某项活动。如:游泳 haveaswim    谈一谈 haveatalk洗一洗 haveawash骑马  havearide看一看 havealook休息一下 havearest26.Howdoyoutakecareofthem?(Page59)你怎样照顾它们?takecareof照顾,类似的说法还有lookafter。如:1)Thegirlistooyoungtotakecareofherself.这姑娘太小了还不能照顾自己。2)Theoldmanistakengoodcareofbyhischildren.这位老人被他的孩子们精心地照顾着。3)Mymotherisill.Ihavetolookafterherathome.我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。4)Youmustlookafteryourthings.你必须照看好你自己的东西。三.语法学习if与whether的区别。二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。如:1)Iwanttoknowif/whetheritisgoingtoraintomorrow.我想知道明天是否下雨。79\n2)Heaskedmeif/whetherLiPingwasathome.他问我李平是否在家。3)Hedidn’tunderstandif/whetherthestrangertoldalie.他不明白那个陌生人是否说的是假话。但下列几种情况不能换用。whether后可紧接ornot,而if一般不能。Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.你能来还是不能来,请告诉我一声。whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前,if则不能。如:Whetherthisistrueornot,Icannotsay.这件事是否真实,我说不上。不定式前用whether,不用if。如:Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertogotothecinemaortostayathome.我还没有决定是看电影还是留在家里。介词后可用whether,不用if。如:Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.我是否回家还没有定。Topic2Ilikepopmusic一.重点词汇pity遗憾concert音乐会violin小提琴sweet悦耳的continuedoingsth.继续做某事beborn出生setup建立classicalmusic古典音乐folksongs民歌stagename艺名everydaylife日常生活befamousfor因……而著名lookfor寻找二.重点句型1.Anditsoundsgreat!(Page61)听起来好极了。sound系动词“听起来”,系动词后常与形容词连用。 2.Whatkindofmusicalinstrumentcanyouplay?(Page62)你会弹什么种类的乐器?kind是“种类,类型”的意思。如:akindof一种,allkindsof各种各样,whatkindof什么类型的。如:1)DumplingisakindofChinesefood.饺子是一种中国食品。2)ThereareallkindsofbooksinBeijingLibrary.北京图书馆有各种各样的图书。3)Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike,adoubleroomorasingleroom?你需要什么类型的房间?双人间还是单人间? 3.Wehaveguitar,violin,pianoanddrumlessonsforjust¥240each.(Page62)我们有吉他课、小提琴课、钢琴课、和打鼓课,每个课程仅需要240元。each副词“各个”,“每个”。如:1)Thesebookscostadollareach.这些书每本一美元。2)Hegavetheboysashillingeach.他给孩子们每人一个先令。 4.Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?(Page63)你在闲暇之际干些什么?inone’sfreetime“在闲暇之际”。 5.Classicalmusicisseriousmusic.(Page64)古典音乐是一种很严肃的音乐。serious形容词“严肃的、认真的”;“严重的”。如:1)Heisaseriousworker.他是一个工作认真的人。2)“It’snothingserious.”saysthedoctor,“You’vegotalittlecold.”79\n医生说:“没事,就是有点儿感冒。” 6.Popmusicoftencomesandgoeseasily.(Page64)流行音乐来得快去得也快。comeandgoeasily可以翻译为“来去匆匆”。如:1)Moneyissomethingthatcomesandgoeseasily.钱这东西来得快去得也快。2)RaininJunecomesandgoeseasily.六月的雨来得快去得也快。 7.Theyareverypopularamongyoungpeople.(Page64)它们在年轻人当中很流行。among介词“在……当中”,“在……中间”,用于三者或三者以上;而between也是介词“在……当中”,“在……中间”之意,则只能用于两者之间。如:1)Amongthefamily,LinTaoistheyoungest.在全家人中,林涛是最小的。2)Tomrunsfastestamongtheboysinhisclass.汤姆是他们班男孩子中跑得最快的。3)Maryissittingbetweenthetwins.玛丽坐在双胞胎的中间。4)ThefootballgameisbetweenChineseteamandJapaneseteam.足球赛在中国队和日本队之间进行。 8.GuoLanying,SongZuyingandTengerarefamousfortheirfolksongs.(Page64)郭兰英,宋祖英和腾格尔以(唱)民歌而出名。befamousfor“以……而著名”,“因……而出名”。如:1)GuiLinisfamousforthestoneforests.桂林以石林而著名。2)Chinaisfamousforitslonghistory.中国以悠久的历史而闻名。3)BeijingLibraryisfamousforhavingalargenumberofbooks.北京图书馆以藏书众多而闻名。 9.Itisoneofthemostfamousrockbandsintheworld.(Page65)它是世界上最著名的摇滚乐队之一。oneof“……之一”。常用在“oneof+最高级+名词复数”结构中。如:1)ChangjiangRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。2)Englishisoneofthemostdifficultsubjectsthisterm.英语是这学期最难学的课程之一。3)LiuXiangisoneofthefastestrunnersintheworld.刘翔是世界上跑得最快的人之一。 10.Inthefallof1976,a-14-year-oldhighschoolstudent,LarryMullen,lookedforsomemusicians.在1976年的秋天,一个14岁的中学生,LarryMullen寻找一些音乐家。1)fall是美国英语,相当于英国英语的中的autumn。2)14-year-old数词和名词之间有连字符的,名词不用复数。如:athree-legchair一把三条腿的椅子thetenthfive-yearplan第十个五年计划3)lookfor“寻找”,强调“寻找”的过程,而find“找到”,则是强调“找到”的结果。如:1)—Whatareyoudoing?你在干什么?—I’mlookingformybikekey.我在找我的自行车钥匙。2)—Whatareyoulookingfor?你在找什么?—I’mlookingformycat.我在找我的猫。—Canyoufindit?你找到了没有?79\n—No.Ilookedforiteverywhere,butIcan’tfinditanywhere.没有。我到处找,可哪儿也找不到。 11.Hewantedtoformaband.(Page65)他想组建一个乐队。wantto“想做某事”,wantto+动词原形。如:1)IwanttobeadoctorwhenIgrowup.我长大了想当一名医生。2)Peoplewanttoliveonthemoonsomeday.人们想有一天能住在月球上。3)WhatdoyouwanttodothisSunday?这个星期天你想干什么?常用wantsb.todosth.表示“想让某人做某事”。如:1)Hewantsmetohelphimwithhislessons.他想让我帮他学习功课。2)Hisparentswantedhimtocleantheroomafterschool.他父母想让他放学后打扫房间。3)Theteacherwantedhertospeaklouderwhensheansweredthequestion.老师想让她在回答问题的时候声音再大一点。 12.Hefound3boysandtheysetupaband.(Page65)他找到了3个男孩,他们就组成了一个乐队。found是动词find的过去式。意思是“找到”;find强调“找到”的结果。见相关语言知识材料中注释41。setup组建,创办。如:setuphousekeeping组织家庭 13.Thefourmembersarestillclosefriendsaftermanyyears.(Page65)多年后,4位成员仍然是好朋友。close“亲密的”。如:aclosefriend一个亲密的朋友14.Theycontinuemakingmusic.(Page65)他们继续创作音乐。continue+todosth./doingsth./n.“继续做某事”。如:continuetoread/writing/astory继续阅读/写作/一个故事 15.Andpeopleallovertheworldstillenjoytheirmusicverymuch.(Page65)全世界的人们仍然非常喜欢他们的音乐。allovertheworld全世界  16.Whenhewaseight,hisfatheraskedamusicteachertoteachhimtoplaythepiano.(Page67)当他八岁的时候,他的父亲请了一位老师来教授他如何弹奏钢琴。在这个句子中ask的意思是“请求,要求”,常用的asksb.todosth.“让某人做某事”。如:1)Ioftenaskmyuncletohelpmewithmymaths.我常请我叔叔帮我学数学。2)Mygrandfatheralwaysasksmetogetupatsixinthemorning.我爷爷总让我早晨六点起床。还有一些其他类似的用法。如:tellsb.todosth.     告诉某人做某事wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事playthepiano “弹奏钢琴”。在英语中,在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时,所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词the,如:playtheguitar弹吉他playthe piano弹钢琴playthe violin拉小提琴playthe drums敲鼓而与之相反,在英语中表达玩球类项目时,我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。如:playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球playbridgecards打桥牌play chess下棋79\n 17.Hesaysviolinmusicishisfavoriteanditmakeshimhappy.(Page67)他说小提琴是他的最爱,使他很快乐。make+n.+adj.结构。如:Thenewsmadeusveryexciting.这个消息使我们很激动。Topic3Themovieissowonderful!一.重点词汇nobody无人museum博物馆church教堂factory工厂program节目pleasant令人愉快的handsome英俊的agreewithsb.与某人看法一致takeashower洗澡answerthephone接电话dosomecleaning打扫卫生knockat敲too…to太…..以至于不能talkabout谈论关于二.重点句型1.Icalledyoubutnobodyansweredthephone.(Page69)我给你打电话了,但是没有人接。answerthephone 固定词组,可翻译为“接电话”answer的意思是“回答,答复”。如:1)WhatshallIanswer?我将怎样回答呢?2)Haveyouansweredhisletter?你回了他的信吗?3)Answerthedoor,please,Jack.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.开门去,杰克,有人在敲门。2.Oh,Iwastakingashower.(Page69)我在淋浴。takeashower淋浴,也可以用动词have代替take。如:洗澡 takeabath haveabath休息一下takearesthavearest看一看takealookhavealook散散步takeawalkhaveawalk  3.Yeah,Ithinkso.(Page71)是,我也这样认为。在think后面可以用so来代替前面的内容,以避免重复。例如:—Isheathome?他在家吗?—Yes,Ithinkso.是的,我想他在家。Ithinkso.的否定形式一般为Idon’tthinkso.例如:—DoyouthinkclassicalmusicisverypopularinChina?你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗?—No,Idon’tthinkso.不,我认为不很流行。4.AndIalsoliketheyoungmanwithlighthair.(Page71)我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。with在这里是“有”的意思。如:acoatwithtwopockets有两个口袋的衣服agirlwithblueeyes碧眼女郎awomanwithanangrylookinhereyes眼里有怒色的女子5.Heissohandsome!(Page71)他非常帅!so在口语中,与加重语气的感叹句连用,作very解。如:1)I’msogladtoseeyou!我很高兴见到你!2)Itwassokindofyou!你真好!3)Therewassomuchtodo!这么多事要做!79\n6.Iagreewithyou.(Page71)我同意你的意见。agreewithsb.同意某人的看法。如:Idon’tagreewithher.我不同意她的意见。7.Youlookverysad.(Page72)你看起来很伤心。look系动词,可以翻译为“看起来”。look做系动词,后面可以接形容词、动词的过去分词、名词、介词短语以及asif从句做表语。如:1)Tomlooksverystrong. 汤姆看起来非常的强壮。(形容词做表语)2)Amylooksafool. 埃米看起来像一个傻瓜。(名词做表语)3)Youlooklikeyourmother. 你看起来很像你的母亲。(介词短语做表语)4)Itlooksasifwe’regoing towinthisgame. 看起来似乎我们要赢得这场比赛。(从句做表语)8.There’snothingserious.(Page72)没什么严重的事。(没事。)nothingserious“没事”。注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody等的形容词,要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如:1)Wouldyoulikeanythingelse?你还要点儿什么吗?2)I’lltellyousomethingimportant.我要告诉你一件重要的事。3)Thereisnothingwrongwiththecomputer.这台电脑没毛病。8.Well,MissWangwasangrywithme.(Page72)王老师生我的气了。注意beangry 后所跟的介词:beangrywith+sb. 生某人的气beangryat+sb.对某人的言行气愤beangryabout+sth.对某事生气如:1)Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingmadesuchfoolishmistakes.他因犯如此愚蠢的错误而气恼自己。2)Hewasangryatbeingkeptwaiting.他因旁人使他久等而生气。3)Hewasangryaboutsomuchtrafficinthestreet.他对街上那么多的车辆而气恼。 9.Intheearly1800s,Sundaywasthe“holyday”.(Page73)在19世纪早期,星期日的含义就是“神圣的一天”。1800s表示19世纪,同样的,1900s则表示20世纪。10.IntheUS,workerscalledthem“blueMondays”.(Page73)在美国,工人们把它们叫做“蓝色星期一”。蓝色(blue)在汉语中的引申意义较少,而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时,我们应该注意其中的特别含义。英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁若闷”,如:1)Theyfeltratherblueafterthefailureinthefootballgame.球赛踢输了,他们感到有些沮丧。2)—Shelooksbluetoday.What’sthematterwithher?—She’sinholiday79\nblue.—她今天显得闷闷不乐,出了什么事?—她得了假期忧郁症。 11.Thendecidehowyouaregoingtospendyourweekend.(Page74)然后决定你的周末怎么过。spend度过;花费(时间、金钱)。结构有:spend...onsth.,spend...(in)doingsth.如:1)Hespent5yuanonthepostcard.他买这张明信片花了5元钱。2)Theyspentthreedayslookingforthelostsheeponthehill.他们用了三天的时间在山上找丢失的羊。12.Didyouhaveagoodtime?(Page76)你们玩得高兴吗?haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself过得愉快;玩得高兴。类似的说法还有haveagreattime,haveanicetime,haveawonderfultime。三.语法学习1.过去进行时Unit4OurWorldTopic1wesharetheworldwithplantsandanimals一.重点词语1.share…with与……共享2playwith玩弄,玩耍3indanger在危险之中4feedon以……为食5thinkabout考虑,思考6enjoynature享受自然7atnight晚上8inthedaytime白天9summervacation暑假10thousandsof成千上万11infact事实上12findout查明,发现13innature在自然界二.重点句型1.Plantsaremorebeautifulthananimals. 植物比动物更漂亮。2.Theplantsstaygreenlongerthere. 那儿的植物能更长时间保持绿色。3.Therainforestsareveryimportanttous. (热带)雨林对我们很重要。4.Waterisnecessaryforallplants.Itisthemostimportantthingtoalllivingthings,wemustsaveeverydropofwater. 水对所有植物是必需的。它对所有生物都重要,我们必须节约每一滴水。5.Isn’titinteresting? 是不是很有趣呀?6.Itisoneofthemostdangerousfishintheworld. 它是世界上最危险的鱼之一。7.Itissostrange! 太奇怪了!三.语法学习(一.)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成四.交际用语:学习如何用英语描述和谈论我们生存的自然环境Doyoulikeplantsoranimals?Whatareyouthinkingabout?Whydoyouthinkso?79\nWhatkindofwildanimalisthemostdangerous,thetiger,thesnakeorthebear?Whymustwesaveeverydropofwater?  Topic2Whatcanrobotsdoforus?一.重点词语1.taketheplaceof代替,取代2.insteadof代替,而不是……3.mistake…for…把……错当4.seemtodo好象,似乎5.callfor要求6.wakesb.up将某人叫醒7.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事8.usesth.forsth./doingsth.利用某物做某事9.spend…on…在……上花费时间或金钱10.besureof确信11.thesedays现在,目前12.inalphabeticalorder按字母表顺序排列13.lookup查阅14.payattentionto注意,专心15.beginwith以……开始16.andsonon等等17.switchon开(电灯,机器等)18.ask(sb.)forsth.向……要……二.重点句型1.I’msurerobotscandosomeworkbetterthanhumans.我确信机器人比人能更好地做某些工作。2.IsawaUFOwhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetyesterday.昨天我沿着街道走时,看见了一个不明飞行物。3.Itlookedlikeaplate.它看上去像一个盘子。4.Untilnow,eventhescientistsarenotsurewhetherthereareUFO.直到现在,甚至科学家也不确信是否有不明飞行物。5.Wecanshopwithoutgoingoutofourhouses.我们不出家门就能购物。6.WecanusetheInternetforfindingajob.我们可以用网络来找工作。7.Weshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonit.但是我们不应该在因特网上面花费太多的时间。8.Whenyoulookupawordinthedictionary,payattentiontothefirstletteroftheword.当你在字典里查一个单词的时候,注意这个单词的第一个字母。三.语法学习现在进行时与过去进行时的区别:一.交际用语:学习用英语谈论现代科技。Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutrobots?Canrobotstaketheplaceofhumans?AreyousurethereareUFOs?Yes,I’msure.No,I’msurewhether/ifthereareUFOs.WhatdoyouoftendoontheInternet?79\nTopic3TherearemanyoldcitywallsinBeijing,aren’tthere?一.重点词语1.morethan超过2.pulldown推倒,拆毁3.heavytraffic交通繁忙4.wearout磨损,用坏5.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事6.doone’sbest尽(某人)最大努力7.livemodels真人模型8.theancientworld古代9.bemadeupof由……组成10.join…together把……连在一起11.regard…as…把……看作12.bewornout被损坏二.重点句型1.Lotsofthemwerepulleddowninthe1960s.他们当中许多在二十世纪六十年代被拆毁。2.Peoplethoughtthemuseless.人们认为它们没有用。3.It’sreallytoobad.这太遗憾了。4.Wearedoingourbesttoprotectandrebuildtheoldcitywalls.我们正在尽全力保护并重建老城墙。5.Itisoneofthe“sevenwonders”oftheancientworldstillstanding.它是现存的古代“七大奇迹”之一。6.Ittook100,000peopleover20yearstobuildit.修建它花了10万人二十多年的时间。7.Sincethen,peopleregardedtheGreatWallasasymboloftheChinesenation.从那以后,人们就把长城看作是中华民族的象征。8.Everyyearmanypeoplefindgreatpleasurevisitingthewall.每年有许多人参观长城,从中得到极大乐趣。三.语法学习反意疑问句:由陈述句(或祈使句、感叹句)加一个简短问句构成的疑问句叫反意疑问,实质是前面陈述句的反问句。一般对应规律:前肯后否;前否后肯。即陈述部分为肯定形式,附加问句用否定形式;陈述部分为否定形式,附加问句用肯定形式。如:TherearemanypyramidsinEgypt,aren’tthere?在埃及有许多金字塔,不是吗?SallyvisitedtheGreatWalllastmonth,didn’tshe?萨莉上个月参观了长城,不是吗?Hedoesn’trealizetheimportanceofsavingwater,doeshe?他没有意识到节约用水的重要性,是吗?特例点拨:①I’myourgoodfriend,aren’tI?我是你的好朋友,不是吗?Idon’tthinkyoucanrebuildthehouse,canyou?我认为你不能重修这座房子,是吗?(Idon’tthink…主要在说think后的内容,故按从句变化)。②陈述部分有nobody,nothing,never,no,few(没几个),little(几乎没有),hardly(几乎不)等否定或半否定词时,仍视为否定句。根据反意疑问句对应规律,疑问部分用肯定形式。如:Thereisnothingintheroom,isthere?屋子里什么也没有,是吗?79\nMarianeversurportsme,doesshe?玛丽亚从未支持过我,是吗?Hehadfewapples,didhe?他几乎没有苹果,是吗?③祈使句的反意疑问句:无论肯定或否定,通常在祈使句后加上willyou?如:Pleaseclosethedoor,willyou?请关门好吗?Don’tteardowntheoldwalls,willyou?不要拆毁古墙,好吗?但以Let’s开头的祈使句用shallwe?如:let’smakeasurvey,shallwe?我们做个调查,好吗?一.交际用语:学习用英语描述和谈论中外名胜古迹。Howmanygreatwondersoftheworlddoyouknow?Iknowsomewonders.Doyouknowtheseplacesofinterest?Whatisit?Whereisit?Whyisitfamous?Doyouknowanymoreinformationaboutit?Unit5Topic1:1.Howareyoudoing?=Howareyou?你好吗?2.invitesb.todosth=asksb.todo邀请某人做某事3.prepareforsth准备某事(准备时间较长思想上的准备):preparefortheexamsthforsb.为某人准备…:preparefoodforLilytodosh准备做…:Ipreparetogohiking.4.saysthtosb.对某人说….:saythanks/hello/goodbyetoPeter5.系动词+adj.系表结构①be(am/is/are/was/were)②感官v.(feel,look,sound,taste品尝,smell闻、嗅)③四变化(turn/become/go/get)*turn侧指颜色变化④keep,make6.Whyallthesmilingfaces?=Whydoallofyouhavesmilingfaces?7.Iwenttobuytickets,buttherewasnoneleft.(leave-left-left)=Iwenttobuytickets,buttherewerenoticketsleft.*注:none后不能直接加n.all---none;both---neither.8.aticketto/for…一张…的票theanswertothequestion问题的答案thekeytothedoor/car/bike/…awayto…一种…的方式9.be+adj.+介词结构beproudof自豪,骄傲e.g.Theteacherisproudofhisstudent.人+bepleasedwith+物e.g.Jimispleasedwithhisnewbike.物+bepopularwith+人受…的欢迎e.g.Thebookispopularwithstudents.beworriedabout;beafraidof;beangrywith;beboredwith;beinterestedin;benervousabout;befamousfor+sth/as+身份79\nbesatisfiedwith;besurprisedat;beexcitedabout/atsthbestrictwithsb.bestrictabout/insth10.setthetableforsb.为某人摆餐具e.g.I’msettingthetableforguests.11.Ihopeeverythinggoeswell.我希望一切顺利。12.beabletodo能够---侧指通过努力能够实现的(*willbeableto)can---侧指人所具有的一种能力13.ringupsb.=callsb.=phonesb.=givesb.acall打电话14.LilyandhermothergotoBeijing.区别LilygoestoBeijingwithhermother.LilywithhermothergotoBeijing.15.besorryforsb.e.g.Iamsorryforyou.besorryaboutsthe.g.Iamsorryaboutyourillness.besorrytodosthe.g.Iamsorrytohearthat.besorrythat+从句e.g.I’msorrythathelostthegame.16.oneof+the+adj最高级+N复+V单:“其中最…之一”e.g.Itisoneofthemostinterestingbooks.17.lonely—“孤单、寂寞”,强调精神上的孤单、寂寞,但未必一个人alone—“单独”,强调一个人独处,但精神上未必寂寞。e.g.Theoldmanlivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.18.becauseof+n./短语:Ican’tgotothepartybecauseoftheweather.because+句子:Ican’tgotothepartybecauseitrainsheavily.19.teachsb.sth:LilyteachesusEnglish.teachsb.todosth:Lilyteachesmetodrawpictures.20.performshortandfunnyplays21.cheerup使振作精神22.What…for=Why为什么e.g.WhatdidhegotoBeijingfor?=WhydidhegotoBeijing?23.intheend=atlast=finally最后区:attheendof…在…的结尾24.beon:强调状态e.g.Thefilmwasonfortenminutes.上演puton:强调动作e.g.Anewfilmwillputonthisevening.25.tellastory/joke/lie讲故事/讲笑话/说谎26.onthenightofApril14thonacoldmorning27.onthe/one’swayto…在…的路上onthe/one’swayhome28.fallintothesea掉入大海29.livetogetherhappily幸福地生活在一起30.gomad发疯31.BeijingOperaisournationaloperawitharound200yearsofhistory.京剧是我们的国剧,已有着大约200年的历史了。32.comeintobeing形成33.容器+befullof+物=befilledwith装满,充满e.g.Thecupisfullof/filledwithwater.34.makepeacewithsb.与某人和解35.endwith以…结束start/beginwith以…开始79\nTopic2:1.+从句:Itseems/edthatheis/wasill.seem的用法+todo:Heseems/edtobeill.+Adj.:Heseems/edill.2.dobadly/wellin=bebad/goodat在某方面做得好/不好3.Shehasnofriendstotalkwith.她没有可以交谈的朋友。4.haveatalkwithsb.=talkto/withsb.与某人交谈5.beworriedabout(adj.)=worryabout(v.)担心…6.thesedays=recently最近7.sendsthtosb.=sendsb.sth把某物寄给某人8.Takeiteasy.别着急!/别紧张!9.Iwanttobeyourfriend.我想成为你的朋友。Iwanttomakefriendswithyou.我想和你交朋友。10.trytodo努力做某事11.belost丢失,迷路e.g.Mypenislost.Thegirlislost.12.Howareyoufeelingtoday?你今天感觉如何?13.fail/passtheexam考试不及格/通过考试14.Everyonegetsthesefeelingsatyourage.atone’sage在某人几岁时区:attheageof在…岁时inone’steens在某人十几岁时15.makesb./sth+do/adj使某人做某事/处在…状态16.haveunhappyfeelings有不开心的感觉(feeling可数n.)17.givesb.suggestions/advice给某人建议18.sthhappentosb.某人出了某事(常用一般过去时)e.g.AnaccidenthappenedtoLiPing.Whathappenedtoyou?19.takepartinactivities积极参加活动20.callsb.at+号码打…号码找某人e.g.callMr.Wangat228790421.toomuch+不可数n.muchtoo+adj.toomany+可数n.22.Howtimeflies!时间飞逝!23.HowIwishtostaywithyou!我多希望和你呆在一起!staywithsb.和某人呆在一起24.movetosw.搬到某地25.get/beusedtosth/doing习惯做某事区:usedtodo过去常常做…26.what’smore而且fitin适应\27.givemybestwishestoyourparents代我向你的父母问好28.A+be+as+adj.原级+as+B:HelenisastallasMaria.A+be+not+as/so+adj原级+as+B:Helenisn’tastallasMaria.A+V+as+adv原级+as+B:HelenrunsasquicklyasLily.A+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+V原+as/so+adv.原级+as+B:Helendoesn’tsingas/sowellasLucy.\注:①无论是肯定结构as…as…还是否定结构notas/so…as..,中间都用adj/adv原级。②谓语若是be,则用adj.原级;谓语若是v.,则用adv.原级。79\n29.speakinpublic在公共场所说话30.fallasleep入睡makefaces做鬼脸31.clapone’shands拍手(clap--clapped)32.WhatdoesJeffdowithhissadness?=HowdoesJeffdealwithhissadness?杰夫如何处理他的伤心事?33.solveproblems解决问题34.learnsthfromsb.learntodolearn+that从句35.bekilledin在…中丧身e.g.Hewaskilledintheaccident.36.refusetodo拒绝做某事eventhough=evenif尽管,即使37.afterafewmonths=afewmonthslater几个月后38.takeawalk=goforawalk散步calmdown冷静goout外出nolonger=not…anylonger(多用于延续性v.)39.不再Youwon’tliveinFuzhouanylonger.=YouwillnolongerliveinFuzhounomore=not…anymore(多用于短暂性v.)e.g.Youwon’tseehimanymore.=Youwillseehimnomore.Topic3:1.die(v.)—dead(adj.)---death(n.)---dying2.Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?=Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?---Ihavefelt/beenlikethisfortwodays.3.mustbe----肯定推测;can’tbe---否定推测e.g.TheboymustbeJim.Thisbookcan’tbeJim’s.4.hatetodo=hatedoing讨厌做某事5.followone’sadvice遵从某人的建议getwell=becomewell康复6.Ihopeso.-----Ihopenot.I’mafraidso.----I’mafraidnot.Ibelieveso.----Ibelievenot.Ithinkso.-----Idon’tthinkso.7.missalotoflessons落下许多功课8.taketurnstodo轮流做某事:Wetaketurnstosingsongs.inturn轮流:Wesingsongsinturn.It’sone’sturntodo轮到某人做某事:It’smyturntocleanaroom.9.study/learn(sth)byoneself=teachoneself(sth)自学(某事)10.That’sveryniceofyou.你真好!(of表人的性格、品质)11.It’s+adj.+forsb.+todo:It’simportantformetostudywell.It’s+adj.+ofsb.+todo:It’sniceofyoutohelpme.注:若adj.用来修饰人的性格、品质,则用of,若adj.用来修饰todo,则用for。12.helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.(to)dosth帮助某人做某事e.g.IhelpJimwithEnglish.=IhelpJimtostudyEnglish.13.affectone’sfeelings影响某人的心情14.心情好:beinagoodmood/beingoodspirits/feelone’sbest心情不好:beinabadmood/beinlowspirits情绪高涨:beinhighspirits15.beingood/badhealth身体好/不好16.smileatlife笑对生活laughatsb.嘲笑某人17.giveasurprisetosb.给某人一个惊喜insurprise惊奇地toone’ssurprise令某人惊喜的是79\n18.attheEnglishcorner在英语角19.letsb.(not)do让某人(别)做某事makesb.(not)do20.makesb.+n.使某人成为…e.g.makeyoumonitor21.onthe/one’swayto+地点“在去…的路上”e.g.onthewaytoschoolonone’s/thewayhome在回家的路上22.getalong/on(well)withsb.与某人相处(融洽)23.giveaspeech演讲24.beillinbed卧病在床e.g.LiMingisillinbed.25.onMid-autumnFestival在中秋节onrainydays在下雨天里onthemorningofMarch3rdonacoldevening26.gettogetherwithsb.与某人团聚27.too+adj./adv.+to…=so+adj./adv.+that+句子“太…而无法…”e.g.It’stoonoisyformetofallasleep.=It’ssonoisythatIcan’tfallasleep.28.thecolorofnature自然色29.tryout试验tryon试穿30.区beimportanttosb.对某人来说是重要的beimportantforsb.todosth对某人来说做某事是重要的31.stay+adj.e.g.Weshouldstayhealthy.介词短语e.g.Weshouldstayingoodspirits.注:keep+adj.,但keep不能加介词短语32.remembertodo记得去做某事(事情还没做)rememberdoing记得曾做过某事(事情已做了)33.getsthforsb.=getsb.sth给某人买/拿某物getgetsthfromsb.从某人那收到….getsb.todo使某人做某事:Igetyoutocleantheroom.34.makeadecision(todo)=decide(todo)决定做某事35.getbacktosth回到某事上,重返e.g.getbacktodailyactivities36.asenseof+n.一种…的感觉e.g.asenseofhappiness/duty/safetyUnit6FunCyclingTopic1We’regoingonaspringfieldtrip一.重点词汇(一)词形转换:1.discuss(名词)discussion2.queen(对应词)king3.comfortable(名词)comfort4.safely(形容词)safe(名词)safety(二)词的辨析1.findout/lookfor/find2.cost/payfor/spendon3.other/else4.raise/rise5.each/every6.exciting/excited(三)重点词组:1.goonavisitto去……旅行2.makethedecision做决定3.bringback带回4.goonafieldtrip去野外旅行5.decideon(upon)sth对某事做出决定6seethesunrise看日出7.makeareservation预订8.comeupwith想出(主意)9.lookforwardto(doing)sth期望10.payfor支付;赔偿11.raisemoney筹钱12.bookaticket订票13.makearoomforsb为……订房间14.haveawonderfultime玩得愉快15.inthedaytime在白天16.atwo-dayvisit为期两天的旅行17.findout查出18.someplacesofinterest名胜19.roomswithbathtub带浴室的房间20.ahard(soft)sleeper硬(软)卧21.mypleasure79\n不客气二.重点句型及重点语言点1.Ihavesomeexcitingnewstotellyou.我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。totellyou是动词不定式短语,作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:Ihavenothingtotalkabout.Hehasalotofworktodo.2.Soundsgreat!=Itsoundsgreat!听起来不错。3.Wewillgoonatwo-dayvisittoMountTai.我们将要去泰山玩两天。goonavisitto去参观/旅游TheywenttoavisittoEgyptlastyear.类似有:goonatrip/goonapicnicatwo-dayvisit为期两天的旅行atwo-monthholiday两个月的假期aneighteen-year-oldboy一个18岁的男孩4.It’shardtosay.这很难说。Tosay是动词不定式作主语,It是形式主语。如:It’snicetomeetyou.5.I’llasktheairlineonthephone.我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是:I’llphoneandasktheairline.6.Bringbackyourinformationtoclasstomorrowandwe’lldecideonthebestwaytogoonourfieldtrip.明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来,然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。bringback带回。Pleasebringbackyourlibrarybookstomorrow.decideon/uponsth决定,选定We’retryingtodecideonaschool.7.It’stoofarforcycling.骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是:It’toofartocyclethere.8.HowlongdoesittaketoreachMountTaiby…?乘……去泰山要花多长时间?9.Howmuchdoesitcosttogothere?去那里要花多少钱?Howmuchdoesastandardroomcost?一个标准间的价格是多少?10.Wehaveticketsat120yuanforthehardsleeperand180yuanforthesoftsleeper.我们的票价是硬卧120元,软卧是180元。at意为“以……”,一般用于表示价格,年龄,速度等词的前面,for意为“供,适合于”。I’vegotticketsat80yuanforTheSoundofMusic.11.I’dliketobook20ticketsforthehardsleeper.我要预订20张硬卧票。20ticketsforthehardsleeper=20hardsleeperticketsbooktickets预订票bookaroomforsb/sth为……预订房间e.g.Wewanttobooksomeroomsfor14th.我们想预订一些14号的房间。12.Pleasepayfortheticketsbefore5:30p.m.请在下午5:30之前付款。Payfor支付payforsbtodosth付钱给某人做某事e.g.HerparentspaidforhertogotoAmerica.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.13.Iwanttomakeahotelreservation.我想预订房间。makeareservation预订14.Wehaveroomswithabathtub…我们有带浴缸……的房间。with有或带着ahousewithaswimmingpoolastandardroomwithtwosinglebeds15.It’sverycommontoraisemoneyinCanadianandAmericanschools.在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raisemoney筹钱Wecanraisethemoneyourselves.16.Itcostseachstudentonedollartobuyaticketforthedraw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。(1)each作主语,谓语用单数Eachofthestudentsspendsonedollarbuyingaticket..(2)用于单数名词前,作定语,谓语用单数。Eachstudenthastheirowne-mailaddress.(3)用于复数主语后,作主语同位语,谓语用复数。Theyeachhavetheirowne-mailaddress.17.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.我盼望收到你的来信。Lookforwardto盼望,期待Theyarelookingforwardtosolvingtheproblem.三.重点语法79\n动词不定式Topic2HowaboutexploringtheMingTombs?一、重点词汇:(一)词形转换:1.explore(名词)explore2.east(形容词)eastern3.north(形容词)northern4.push(反义词)pull5.sadly(形容词)sad(名词)sadness6.crowd(形容词)crowded(二)重点词组:1.makeaplan拟定计划2.makesure确信,确保3.comealongwith和……一起来4.atthefootof在……的脚下5.besurprisedat对……感到惊奇6.besatisfiedwith对……感到满意7.outofsight看不见8.steponone’stoes踩着某人的脚9.can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事10.spreadover分布于11.rushout冲出去12.raiseone’shead抬头13.asksbforhelp向某人求助14.thankgoodness谢天谢地二.重点句型及重点语言点1.Whileyouwereenjoyingyourtrip,Iwasbusypreparingformyexams.当你在旅行时,我正忙于准备考试。(1)bebusydoingsth,/bebusywithsth忙于做某事I’mbusypreparingformybirthdaypartythesedays.(2)while当……时候,引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时,另一个动作也同时进行。Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.2.Wouldyouhelpmeplanatrip?请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗?Wouldyou比willyou语气更加客气,委婉,类似还有couldyouCouldyoucomealongwithus?3.Theysurveyedtheareatomakesuretheirtombsfacedsouthandhadmountainsattheback.他们仔细勘测了整个区域,确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南,而且在背后有群山环绕。makesure确信,确保Makesureallthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleave.4.It’sabouttwoandahalfhoursbybike.骑自行车大约要2个半小时。Twoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf5.It’stotheeastofYongling.它在永陵的东面。tothe+方位词+of(表示互不接壤)JapanistotheeastofChina.onthe+方位词+of(表示相互接壤)FujianisonthesouthofZhejang.inthe+方位词+of表示在某一范围内的地区BeijingisinthenorthofChina.6.TheywalkedintoDinglingandweresurprisedatthewonders.他们走进定陵,对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。besurprisedat对……感到很惊奇Heissurprisedatdragons.besurprisedtodosth惊奇地做某事Shewassurprisedtofindshewaslost.7.…sotheyhadtolookforspacetoparktheirbikes他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方space空间Canyoumakespaceforthisoldman?8.Whilethecrowdwaspushinghimindifferentdirections,someonesteppedonhistoes.当人群从四面八方挤来时,有人踩了他的脚。inone’sdirection朝着某人的方向steponone’stoes踩了某人的脚steponsth踩某物Don’tstepontheflowersandgrass.9.Whenhefinallyrushedoutofthecrowd,henoticedhisfriendswerebothoutofsight.当他最后冲出人群时,他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。noticesbdosth注意某人做了某事noticesbdoingsth注意某人正在做某事10.Assoonasthethreeboyssaweachother,theyalljumpeduphappily.三个男孩一见面,就高兴得跳了起来。assoonas引导时间状语从句意为“一……就”Heleftassoonasheheardthenews.I’lltellhimassoonasIseehim.79\n11.Hedidn’traisehisheaduntilsomeonecalledhisname.直到有人喊他的名字,他才抬起头。not…until直到……才12.Theyweresolovelythatwecouldn’thelpplayingwiththem.它们太可爱了,我们禁不住和它们一起玩。can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事WhenIheardthefunnynews,Icouldn’thelplaughing.13.IamsatisfiedwitheverythinginChina.我对在中国的一切感到满意。]besatisfiedwith对……感到满意Heissatisfiedwithmywork.14..Weevenaskedtheguardforhelp.我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。asksbforhelp向某人求助Thelostboyaskedthepoliceforhelp.三.重点语法时间状语从句1。引导词:(1)when,while,as当……时候.when后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词;while后跟延续性动词;as多用于口语,强调同一时间,或一前一后。Thestudentsweretalkingintheclassroomwhentheteachercamein.=Whilethestudentsweretalkingintheclassroom,theteachercamein.学生在教室里谈话时,老师进来了。Motheralwayssingsasshecooksdinnerforus.妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。(2)not…until直到……才,主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。Iwon’tleavehereuntiltherainstops.Hedidn’tsleepuntilhismothercamebackhome.(3)after在……之后,before在……之前,assoonas一……就IwenttosleepafterIfinishedmyhomework..=IfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwenttosleep.Assoonasthebellrings,thestudentswillgointotheclassroom.2.时态(1)当主句为一般过去时时,从句常用过去的某种时态。WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,thetelephonerang.(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。IwillcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.Topic3Bicyclesarepopularwithpeople一、重点词汇:(一)词形转换:1.death(动词)die(形容词)dead2slow(副词)slowly3.crossing(动词)cross介词)across4.success(动词)succeed(形容词successful5.Pain(形容词)painful6.lead(名词)leader7.final(副词)finally8impossible(反义词)possible9courage(动词)encourage(二)重点词组:1.Slowdown减速2.runinto撞到3.avoiddoingsth避免防止做某事4.warnsbtodosth警告/提醒某人做某事5.rideinto进入跻身于6getusedto(doing)习惯于做某事7.asharpturn急转弯8.bepopularwith受……的欢迎9.getafine处以罚金10.goondoingsth继续做某事11.thewaytosuccess成功之路12.obeythetrafficrules遵守交通规则13.breakthetrafficrules违反交通规则14.beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事15.befamousfor因……闻名16.beindanger处于危险中17.afterawhile一会儿二.重点句型及重点语言点1.IthinktrafficinBeijingiscrazy.我认为北京的交通很拥堵。traffic是不可数名词2.Ifpeopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.如果人们都遵守交通规则,交通事故将会减少。Ifwebreakthetrafficrules,itwillbedangerousandwewillgetafine.如果人们违反交通规则,将很危险,我们会受到处罚的。79\n这是if引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。3.Ifeelalittlemoreconfident.我感到自信多了。moreconfident是比较级4.Itcanhelpussaveenergyandavoidpollution.这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。avoidsth/doingsth避免做某事Youshouldavoidmakingthemistakelikethat.Heranintothewalltoavoidhittingthetruck.5.Bicyclesarepopularwithpeople.自行车深受人们欢迎。Bepopularwith受……欢迎6Itwarnsustobemorecareful.Warnsb(not)todosth警告/提醒某人做某事Hewarnedhertokeepsilence.Warnsbaboutsth提醒某人某事7.Mostpeoplethinkbicyclesaremuchsaferthananyothervehicle.大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。8..However,hiswaytosuccessdidn’tgowell.然而,他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。Thewaytosuccess成功之路successindoingsth在……成功Ididn’thavemuchsuccessinfindingajob.我找工作没什么结果。9.Liketheotherchallengesinhislife,Lancefacedithead-on.像面对生命中其他挑战一样,兰斯迎头面对。10.Itseemsimpossibletobeathim.打败他似乎是不可能的。beatsb打败某人winagame/match/agoldmedalItseems+adj+todosth做某事似乎……Shealwaysseemstobesad.三.重点语法条件状语从句1.条件状语从句由if(如果),unless(除非)等引导的,谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时。主句if从句Will(must,should,may)一般现在时如:Iwon’tgoifhedoesn’tgo.Wewillpasstheexamifwestudyhard.Wewon’tpasstheexamunlesswestudyhard..2.祈使句+and/or引导的结果句,祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。如:Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.=You’llbelateunlessyouhurryup.Studyhard,andyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Unit7FoodFestivalTopic1Wearepreparingforafoodfestival.核心词汇:successful,biscuit,pancake,cheese,pie,Indian,Russian,supply,imagine,soup,western常用词组:knowabout…,bebornin…,makemoney,turntosb.forhelp,chatwithsb.preparefor…,haveasweettooth,thinkabout,decidetodosth.invitesb.todo,planto,keepup,inorderto,bepleasedwith,cometrue重点句型:1.IknowthatheisaCanadianathlete.2.Let’stryourbesttomakeitsuccessful.3.Whatdoyouthinkthechildrenshouldprepareforthefoodfestival?4.Iknowyouwanttobuildanewschoolforyourvillage.5.I’mverypleasedwithwhatyouaregoingtodoforus.6.Doyouthink(that)thechildrenneedtowriteasong?交际用语:79\n1.MayIinviteyoutoourfoodfestival/2.Goodidea!Butwhenandwhereshallwehaveit?3.–Thankyouverymuch.–It’sapleasure.4.I’dloveto,butI’msorryIcan’t.5.It’sagreatpity,butnevermind.6.Holdtheline,please.7.Howsurpriseing!8.Thankyouforinvitingmetoyourfoodfestival.语法精粹:宾语从句(一)Topic2Youmustcookverycarefully.核心词汇:add,immediately,butter,deep,cooker,pork,cut,ham,heat,spoon,somebody,passage,pear,patient,course,southern,oil,advantage,piece,need常用词组:beproudof…,add…to…,cutup,pour…over,put…together,drinktosb./sth.,takeasip,aroundtheworld,befarawayfrom,pickup,atthesametime,finishdoingsth.重点句型:1.Fillthebowls70-80%fullwithbonesoup.2.Youmustcookverycarefully.3.It’spolitetofinisheatingeverythingonyourplate.4.Maybeyoudon’tknowwhetherit’spolitetospeakloudlyatthetable.交际用语:1.I’mproudofyou!2.It’sverykindofyou.3.Welldone!4.Helpyourselftosomesoup.5.–WouldyoumindifIlearntomakeitformyou?–Ofcoursenot.6.You’resopatient.语法精粹:1宾语从句(二)2动词不定式充当主语。Topic3Welcometoourfoodfestival!核心词汇:lady,gentleman,sale,satisfy,wine,bill,salad,coke,lemonade,menu,worth,effort,realize,ice常用词组:suchas,wishsb.sth.,enjoyoneself,takeone’sorder,havethebill,gowell,beworth,theeffort,balanceddiet,notonly…butalso,onsale重点句型:1.Janecookedmorecarefully.2.Icookedthemostcarefully.3.Michaelcutsmorefinelythanshe/her.4.Themoreregularlyweeat,thehealthierweare.交际用语:1.Enjoyyourselves!2.Thisway,please.3.MayItakeyourorder?79\n1.MayIhavethebill?2.Thanksforcoming.6Here’sthemenu.7Anythingelse?语法精粹:副词的比较级与最高级。Unit8BeautifulClothesTopic1Whatanicecoat!一.重点短语:1.onthefirstfloor在一楼2.get…from…从……中得到……3.shoppingcenter购物中心4.catchone’seye吸引某人的注意5.gowith…与……相配6.onspecialdays在特殊的日子7.infact事实上,实际上8.thanksgivingDay感恩节9.dependon依靠,依赖,相信10.It’ssaidthat据说11.SantaClaus圣诞老人12.thesame…as…与……一样13.protect…from…保护……使不受……14.aswellas也,还15.bemadeof/from由……制成二.重点句型:1.what’sitmadeof?它是由什么做成的?bemadeof意为“由……制成”(看出原料),bemadefrom“由……制成”(看不出原料)bemadein“某物生产于某地”bemadeupof“由……组成”bemadeinto“把……作成某产品”如:Thetableismadeofwood.这张桌子是木头制成的。Paperismadefromwood.纸是木材做成的。TheTVsetismadeinJapan.这台电视机是日本产的。Themedicalteamismadeupoftendoctors.这支医疗队由十位大夫组成。Bamboocanbemadeintowalkingsticksandfishingrods.用竹子可以制成很好的拐杖和钓鱼竿。2.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”如:Thelittletreeisgettingtallerandtaller.那棵小树越来越高了。对于多音节的形容词或副词则这样表达moreandmore+adj/adv.如:Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.那个女孩变得越来越漂亮了3.Wecangetcottonfromplantsandgetwool,silkandleatherfromanimals.我们可以从植物中获得棉花,从动物中获得羊毛、丝绸和皮革。getsth.from/sth./sb.从某事或某人处获得某物。4.A…caughthereye.一个……引起了她的注意。如:catchone’seye意为“吸引某人的注意”如:Canyoucatchtheteacher’seye?你能引起老师的注意吗?5.Whatthepeoplethereweardependsontheirlikesanddislikes.人们的衣着取决于他们的喜好。79\ndependon意为“依靠、依赖”如:Wedependonourhardwork.我们依靠我们的努力工作。6.Somepeopleprefertodressformally…一些人宁可打扮得正式些prefer宁肯,更喜欢……,preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanBIlikeprefersinging=Ilikesingingbetter.我更喜欢唱歌。Ipreferswimmingtoskating.比起滑冰我更喜欢游泳。7.WhilemanySouthAmericanpeoplehavethesamewayofdressingasAustralia?然而许多南美的人们和澳大利亚有相同的衣着方式。While用于对比两件事物,意为“而……,然而……”Michaelisinterestedinmusic,whilehisbrotherprefersP.E.迈克对音乐感兴趣,而他的兄弟却更喜欢体育。thesame…as和……一样/相同,反义词:bedifferentfrom…与……不一样,如:Myideaisthesameasyours,butit’sdifferentfromhis我的主意和你的一样,但和他的不一样。8.Peoplefirststartedwearingclothestoprotectthemselvesfromthesun,wind,rainandcold.人们最早穿衣服是为了保护他们不受日晒、风吹、雨打以及寒冷。protect…fromsth/doingsth阻止……做……Thetreescanprotectthesandfrommoving.树可以防止沙子向前移。Trytoprotectyourskinfromthesun.尽量保护你的皮肤不受太阳暴晒。一.语法学习:感叹句(1)感叹句用于表示说话时的一种较为强烈的感情。如:喜悦、赞叹、惊异、愤怒、厌恶等。感叹句的构成为“感叹部分+陈述部分+(主语+谓语)”,感叹部分由感叹词引导,陈述部分为整个感叹句的主语和谓语,句尾要用叹号“!”,读时要用降调。如:Whatanicedayitis!多好的天气!Whatagoodboyheis!多好的男孩!Howsillyyouare!你真傻!Howbeautifulitis!它多美啊!(2)感叹句的四种形式:What+a(an)+名词单数+主语+谓语What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语How+形容词+主语+beHow+副词+主语+动词Topic2Whatwouldyouliketowear?一.重点词汇:1.schooluniform校服2.allowsb.todosth允许某人做某事3.makeasurvey做调查4.beinneed在需要时5.takeoff脱下,脱掉;起飞6.oneveryoccasion在每一个场合7.haveabusinessmeeting开商务会议8.dressfor为……穿衣服/打扮9.infashion流行,时尚10.outoffashion不流行,过时11.advisesb.(not)todosth.建议/劝告某人(不要)做某事79\n12.atothertimes在其余的时候;有的时候二、重点句型:1.Idon’tlikeuniformbecausetheywillsouglyonus.我不喜欢校服,因为我们穿了它看起来很丑。looksouglyonus意为“穿在我们身上看起来很丑”2.Ithinkourschoolshouldallowustodesignourownuniform.我认为我们的学校应该允许我们设计自己的校服。allow“允许、许可”,allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”如:Mr.Wangallowsustoplayfootball.王老师允许我们踢足球。3.Theyaregoodforpatients.他们对病人有好处。begoodfor对……有益,bebadfor对……有坏处,begoodat擅长于4.Second,patientscanfindeasilywhentheyareinneed.第二,当病人需要我们时,会很容易地找到我们。beinneed“需要”,与need同义。如:Whenyouareinneed,youcancallme.当你在需要的时候,你可以打电话给我。5.Youshouldtakeoffyourshoeswhenyouentersomeone’shomeinJapan.当你进入日本人家的时候,必须先脱掉鞋子。takeoff意为“脱下,脱掉”,反义词组是puton.takeoff还可表示“起飞”Theplanewilltakeoffinanhour.飞机将在一小时内起飞。6.Butnow,mostofuscandressforourselves.但是现在我们大多数人都可以自己打扮。dressfor“为……穿衣服”puton“穿(戴)上”的动作,反义词takeoffwear,have…on,beon…“穿(戴)着”的状态。dresssb./oneself“给别人/自己穿衣服,dressup“穿上盛穿、乔装打扮”dress后不能接“衣服”类的词作宾语。7.It’swell-knownthatuniformsarenotpopularbutuseful.众所周知,制服不流行但有用。①It’swell-known…意为“众所周知”如:It’swell-knownthatthissongisverypopular.众所周知,这首歌很流行。②not…but…不是……而是……Heisn’tateacherbutadoctor.他不是一个老师而是一个医生。Topic3Let’sgotoseethefashionshow一.重点词汇:1.fashionshow时装表演/时装秀2.T-shapedstagT型台3.inthecenterof在……的中心4.highfashion高级时尚5.intheworldof在……领域6.weddingdress婚纱7.standfor代表8.getone’sname得名9.beknownto为……所知10.bedesignedas以……来设计79\n11.exceptfor除……之外二.重点句型:1.ThereisgoingtobeafashionshowinfashionshowinXidanShoppingcenter.在西单购物中心将会有一场时装秀。Thereisgoingtobe…是Therebe结构的将来时,表示某地将举行某项运动,或将有某物。如:Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchinourschoolnextweek.=Therewillbeafootballmatchinourschoolnextweek.我们学校下周将有一场足球比赛。thereis/aregoingtobe=therewillbe2.Herecomethemodels.模特走过来了。(1)英语中以here或there开头的句子要倒装,除主语是代词外,动词要放在主语之前。如:HerecomeMary!玛丽来了!Herecomethebus!车来了!(2)主语若是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。如:Hereshecomes.她来了。Hereitis.它在这儿。3.TheTangcostumestandsforChinesehistoryandfashionculture.唐装代表着中国的历史和服装文化。standfor意为“代表”,如:ItstandsforOlympics.它代表着奥林匹克。4.Theso-calledTangcostumegotitsnamebecauseChinabecameknowntoothercountriesduringtheHanandTangDynasties.所谓的唐装是因为中国在汉、唐时期开始文明于世而得名。(1)so-called所谓的(2)getone’sname得名如:Thevillagegotitsnamefromthelakeinit.这个村庄因村内的湖泊而得名。5.Chinesefashionisdifferentfromnotonlywesternfashion,butalsofashionfromotherAsiancountriessuchasJapanandKorea.中国时装不仅不同于西方国家,也有别于其他亚洲国家,如日本和韩国等。(1)bedifferentfrom与……不同(2)notonly…butalso意为“不但……而且”(3)suchas例如,比如说6.TodaytheTangcostumecanbedesignedasformalorcasualclothes.现在唐装被设计成有正式款的,也有休闲款的。bedesignedas被设计成如:Theydecidedthatthetheaterwillbedesignedasapalace.他们决定把那个剧院设计成宫殿模样。7.Today,fewpeoplewearkimonosexceptforspecialoccasionslikeweddingsandnationalcelebrations.exceptfor除……之外如:Theroadswereclearexceptforafewcars.除了几辆小汽车外,马路上空荡荡的。九年级(上)Unit1Topic179\ntakephotos照相so…that如此……以致于have/hasbeento到过anEnglishtrainingschool一所英语培训学校在地takepartin参加adisabledchild残疾儿童learn…from从……学会aroundtheworld全世界inthepast在过去indetail详细地nochance没机会makemoney赚钱givesupportto为某人提供帮助getagoodeducation得到好的教育have/hasgoneto到过bytheway顺便问一下searchtheinternet上网usedtobe去过曾经是withthedevelopmentofChina随着中国的发展atsunrise日出时growcotton种植棉花gohungry变得很饿shoutat对……喊叫divide…into把……分成send…to把……送到……atthattime在那时feelsatisfiedwith对……满意beusedtodosth.被用来做……morethan超过duringthevacation在假期期间livingcondition生活条件inrecentyears在近几年makeprogress取得进步liveinpresent立足现在dreamabout展望未来happentosomebody/something(事情)发生在……身上,临到……头上happentodosomething碰巧thanksto因为……,thecapitalofChina中国首都hostthe2008OlympicGames举办2008奥运会standfor代表aswell也preparefor为……做准备takenplace发生withthehelpof在……帮助下1.spendtime(in)doingsomething花费时间做某事2.seesomebodydoingsomething看见某人做某事3.Theregoesthebell.铃响了。4.Whatawonderfulexperience!多么精彩的经历啊!5.What’smore,….更有甚者,…….;6.Ifeltsorryforthem.我对他们深表同情。7.Oneworld,OneDream.同一个世界,同一个梦想。Topic2getlost丢失hatetogo讨厌去odoI.我也是。ontheweekend在周末hearfrom收到……的来信atleast至少becauseof因为one-childpolicy独生子女政策略职bestrictwith对……严格要求ashorttime一会儿riseto升到onefifth五分之一lessthan少于notonly…butalso…不但……而且beknownas作为……而著名acoupleofhours几小时both…and…和…两者都eventhough即使alotofpressure许多压力introuble处于困境中1.WhatwasthepopulationofChina?中国的人口是多少?2.Westillhavealongwaytogo.我们还有很少的路要走。3.Doingeyeexercisesworkswellinprotectingoureyesight.做眼保健操对保护视力有明显作用。79\nTopic3homelesspeople无家可归的人peopleinneed需要帮助的人decideonsuitableway选定适当方式sothat以便于getusedto习惯于infact事实上manykindsof许多种suchas比如soon等等streetkids街头流浪儿kidsintheHall流浪儿之家thenameof……的名字atthesametime同时obeyrules遵守纪律takedrugs捡拉圾disobeysrules不遵守纪律stayin呆在giveachanceto给……一个机会raisemoney升工资paidfor偿还thousandsof成千上万hearof听说comeforavisit不得来参观feelgood感觉良好besuccessfulindoing成功完成某事ProjectHope希望工程1.providesomebodywithsomething提供给某人某物2.Itis+adj+forsomebodytodosomething.对某人来说做…….是…….Ithinkitisimportantforthesepeopletofeelgoodaboutthemselves.我认为对于这些人来说自我感觉良好是很重要的。Unit2Topic11.看到鱼儿游来游去seefishswimming(seesb.doingsth.)2.去野餐haveapicnic/goforapicnic3城市面貌thelookofourcities4把废水倒入河里pourwasteintoriver5有用的事物somethinguseful6忍受/改善/保护环境stand/improve/protecttheenvironment7产生难闻的气味produceterriblegas8情绪好/差inagood/badmood9设法做某事managetodosth.10感到不舒适feeluncomfortable11对某人/某物有害beharmfultosb./sth.(doharmtosb./sth.)12目前,现在atpresent13写信给某人writetosb.14发出太多的噪音maketoomuchnoise15打扰别人disturbothers16一种污染akindofpollution17对做了某事感到抱歉besorryfordoingsth.18各种各样的allsortsof/allkindsof19在吵杂的条件下innoisyconditions20变聋了go/becomedeaf21听力丧失havehearingloss22相当多quiteafew23(几乎)与……一样差nobetterthan24引发高血压causehighbloodpressure25在强烈、易变的光线下instrong,changeablelight26在许多方面inmanyways27随着人口的增长withtheincreaseinpopulation28随着工业的发展withthedevelopmentofindustry29对我来说很难呼吸Itisdifficultformetobreathe.30你处于这样的状态多久了?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?自从上个月以来我一直这样。Ihavebeenlikethissincelastmonth.31那是个有花、有草的美丽的地方。Itisabeautifulplacewithflowersandgrass.32所有的花、草和鱼儿都没有了Alltheflowers,grassandfishhavegone!33有几座工厂正往河里排放污水Thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouring79\nwastewaterintotheriver.34保护环境是我们的职责It’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.35无论如何,我希望我将设法离开这个地方。Anyway,IhopeI’llmanagetoleavethisplace.36并非所有人都知道噪音也是一种污染。Notallpeopleknowthatnoiseisalsoakindofpollution.Unit2Topic21.看这篇文章readthisarticle2.到处hereandthere=everywhere3.照顾carefor=lookafter=takecareof4.踩草坪walkongrass5.摘花pickflowers6.一开始,初期inthebeginning7.一天天,逐日daybyday8.开始意识cometorealize9.处于做某事的危险中beindangerof(doing)sth.10.把土冲走/吹走wash/blowtheearthaway11.阻止……做某事stop/prevent…(from)doingsth.12.阻止……做某事keep…fromdoingsth.13.结果asaresult14.砍倒cutdown15.转变成changeinto=turninto16.切断供水cutoffthewatersupply17.在地球上ontheearth18.人humanbein19.破坏/损害/污染环境destroy/harm/pollutetheenvironment20.形成comeintobeing21.海平面thelevelofthesea/thesealevel22.关掉水龙头turnthetapoff/turnoffthetap23.带走takeaway24.提到,涉及,有关referto25.占据(时间,空间等)takeup26.把…分成divide…into…27.温室效应thegreenhouseeffect28.与此同时atthesametime29.处理,解决dealwith30.结果,空气污染已经成为一个严重的问题。Asaresult,airpollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.31.每个人都应当关爱野生动物并且多种树Everyoneshouldcareforwildanimalsandplantmoretrees.32.我们应尽一切努力保护环境Weshoulddoeverythingwecantoprotecttheenvironment.33.不要在公共场合到处吐痰。Don’tspitanywhereinpublic.34.大家知道,没有人喜欢污染。Asweknow,noneofuslikespollution.35.人类逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性。Humanshavecometorealizetheimportanceofprotectinganimals.Unit2Topic31.环境保护environmentalprotection2为……工作workfor…3宣传有关……spreadthemessageabout…4减少浪费/空气污染reducethewaste/airpollution5……的两面bothsidesof…6塑料袋plasticbags79\n7鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.8省钱/能源/电savemoney/energy/electricity9应当做某事besupposedtodosth.10应该做某事(语气较强)oughttodosth.11关灯turnoffthelights12短途旅行travelashortdistance13请准时Pleasebeontime.14把垃圾分类sortthegarbage15在沙滩上onthebeach16从……获得能量producepowerfrom…17被广泛应用bewidelyused18发动汽车runthecar19把…向前/向下推push…forward/down20把…向上拉pull…up21通过做某事发电produceelectricitybydoingsth.22淋浴takeashower23短途旅行makeashortjourney24捡起垃圾pickthelitterup25再努力tryharder26你想成为一个更环保的人吗?Wouldyouliketobeagreenerperson?27每个人都应该那样做。Everyoneissupposedtodothat.28首先,当你离开房间时,应该随手关灯。First,yououghttoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.29说得容易,做得难。Easiersaidthandone.30行动胜于言辞。Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.31请注意!MayIhaveyourattention,please?32他们行驶得很好,但他们行驶很慢Theyworkwell,buttheyareslowand并且不能远距离行驶。can’trunforlong.33在香港,大约35%的垃圾能被回收About35%oftherubbishinHongKongcanbe而剩余的则不能。recycledeveryyearwhiletherestcan’t.34可惜在中国的大部分地区因为太昂It'sapitythatit'stooexpensivetousein贵而无法使用它。mostofChina.Unit3EnglisharoundtheworldTopic1Englishiswidelyspokenaroundtheworld.一.重点词语1.beableto=can能够,会2.can’twaittodosth.迫不急待地做某事3.havea(good)chancetodosth.有(好)机会做某事4.onbusiness出差5.bemadeby…被……制做;bemadeof/from…由……制成;bemadein…在某地制造6.practicedoingsth.练习做某事7.besimilarto…和……相似8.translate…into…把……翻译成……9.haveno/sometrouble(in)doingsth.做某事没有/有些困难10.onceinawhile=sometimes/attimes偶尔,间或11.callfor号召12.aswellas以及13.encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事14.taketheleadingposition处于领先地位15.mothertongue母语16.whenever=nomatterwhen无论何时17.throughouttheworld全世界18.fromnowon从今往后19.officallanguage官方语言20.ingeneral总的来说二.重点句型79\n1.Ican’twaittoflythere!我迫不及待要飞往那儿!2.have(no)trouble(in)doingsth.做某事(没)困难3.Englishiswidelyspokenaroundtheworld.英语在世界上被广泛使用。4.Itisalsospokenasasecondlanguageinmanycountries.在许多国家它也被用作第二语言。5.Itispossiblethatyouwillhavesometrouble.你可能会遇到一些麻烦。6.It’susedasthefirstlanguagebymostpeopleinAmerica,Canada,Australia,GreatBritainandNewZealand.它被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语言。7.Andtwothirdsoftheworld’sscientistsreadEnglish.并且世界上三分之二的科学家用英语阅读。8.Ifnecessary,I’llaskaninterpreterforhelp.如果有必要的话,我会求助于翻译。三.语法学习被动语态1.被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by+宾语)其中by意为“被……;由……”,表动作的执行者。如:Theglassisbrokenbythatboy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。be有人称、数和时态的变化,其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。如:Englishiswidelyspokenaroundtheworld.(肯定式)Englishisnotwidelyspokenaroundtheworld.(否定式)IsEnglishwidelyspokenaroundtheworld?(疑问式)Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.2.被动语态的用法:(1)在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下,可用被动语态。如:Thiscoatismadeofcotton.这件大衣是棉制的。(2)要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,用被动语态。如:Herbikeisstolen.她的自行车被偷了。3.主、被动语态的转换:主动语态:主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语(+其它)被动语态:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语(+其它)注意:(1)主动、被动互转时,时态不变。(2)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式,变成被动态by的宾语时,要用宾格形式。如:(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.Riceisgrown(bypeople)inthesouth.(2)Shetakescareofthebaby.Thebabyistakencareof(byher).Topic2Englishisspokendifferentlyindifferentcountries.79\n一.重点词语1.bytheway顺便说一下2.dependon取决于……;依靠……3.bedifferentfrom与……不同4.succeedin成功,达成5.makeyourselfunderstood表达你自己的意思6.seesb.off给……送行7.onone’swayto在某人去……的路上8.leavefor…前往某地/leave…for…离开……去……9.intwentyminutes二十分钟之后10.writtenEnglish笔头英语/oralEnglish英语口语11.generallyspeaking一般说来,大致上说12.asforsb./sth.至于某人/某物13.becloseto…靠近……14.inperson身体上,外貌上;亲自15.befoundof…爱好……16.evenworse更糟的是17.beforcedtodosth.被迫做……/forcesb.todo强迫某人做某事18.welldone干得不错19.putout伸出20.askforaride搭车21.facetoface面对面22.littlebylittle逐渐地23.inaword简而言之24.fillin/out填充25.comeabout发生二.重点句型1.Ican’tfollowyou,Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please?我听不懂你的话,请你讲慢一点好吗?2.EnglishisspokendifferentlyindifferentEnglish-speakingcountries.不同的国家使用不同的英语。3.Forexample,therearedifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.例如,在英式英语和美式英语之间有些不同点。4.However,mostofthetime,peoplefromthetwocountriesdonothavedifficultyunderstandingeachother.然而,大多数情况下,来自这两个国家的人很容易能理解对方的意思。5.Inaword,theEnglishlanguageischangingallthetime.简而言之英语在时刻发生着变化。6.Wheneveryouneedhelp,sendmean-mailortelephoneme.无论何时你需要帮忙,给我发电子邮件或打电话。7.NotonlychildrenbutalsoadultsenjoyspendingtheirholidaysinDisneyland.不但青少年而且成年人也喜欢到迪斯尼乐园度假。三、语法学习用现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来时,常有“意图”、“安排”(但不是固定不变的)或“打算”含义。它表示最近或较近的将来,所用的动词多是位移动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,fly,start,begin,return,open,die例:I’mgoing.我要走了。Whenareyoustarting?你什么时候动身?79\nDon’tworry.Thetrainisarrivingheresoon.别着急,火车马上就到了。表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外,亦可用于某些非位移动词。如:Myuncleismeetingustomorrow.我叔叔明天会见我们。Sheisbuyinganewbikesoon.她不久将买一辆新自行车。Topic3It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.一、重点词语1.inpublic在公共场所2.attimes=sometimes有时3.feellikedoing=wouldliketodo想要做……4..giveupsth./doingsth.放弃5..turntosb.forhelp求助于某人6..givesb.someadviceon/about…给某人一些有关……的建议7..beweakin在……方面很差/begoodat在……方面很好8..beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事9.makemistakes犯错误10.takeadeepbreath深呼吸11.thebesttimetodo做某事最好的时间12.dosomelisteningpractice做些听力训练13.replyto=answer回答14.advisesb.todo建议某人做某事(名词advice)15.keepadiary写日记16.lastbutnotleast最后但同等重要的17.keepondoing继续做某事18.lookup查阅(字典等)二、重点句型1.CouldyoumakeyourselfunderstoodintheU.S.A?在美国,别人能懂得你的话吗?2.Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该怎么办?3.AttimesIfeellikegivingup.有时我想要放弃。4.Trytoguessthemeaningsofthenewwords,andgetthemainideaofthearticle.尽量猜测生词的意思,理解文章的大意。5.IdarenotspeakEnglishinpublic.我不敢在公共场所说英语。6.It’sanhonortotalkwithallofyou.与在座的各位交谈是我的荣幸。7.Butremembertochoosetheonesthatfityoubest.但是记住要选择最适合你的一种。8.IinsistthatyoupracticeEnglisheveryday.我坚持认为你们每天都应该练习英语。9.Believinginyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.自信是通往成功的第一步。10.Ihavecometorealizethatitdoesn’tmatterifyoudon’tunderstandeveryword.我逐渐意识到不懂个别单词的意思也没关系。三、语法学习wh-+todowh-是指when,where,which,who(m)及how等连接词,它们和动词不定式连用,即为wh-+todo结构。这种结构在句中常作主语、表语和宾语,作宾语时可以转换为宾语从句。(对于谓语动词来说,wh-+todo这个不定式动词的动作是个尚未发生的动作,所以在转换成宾语从句时,通常须加情态动词或用将来时表示未来。)79\n如:Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.Shecan’tdecidewhichtobuy.=shecan’tdecidewhichshewillbuy.反之,如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时,宾语从句(由疑问词引导)通常可以与“疑问词+不定式”互相转换。如:Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.=Idon’tknowwhattodo.如果不一致就不能转换。IwanttoknowwhatMarywilldoUnit4的知识点Topic1Importantwordsandphrases:hero,prove,achieve,technology,master,introduction,expect,doubt,tiny,cancel,connect,screen,pointto,sendup,nodoubt,forinstance,turnon,connectto,clickon,spend---(in)doingsth1.beknownby2.beknownas=befamousasbeknownfor=befamousfor3.dreamofdoingsth.4.make/madeprogressindoingsth.make/madeprogresswithsth.5.achieve/realizeone’sdream=one’sdreamcometrue6.Ittakes/tooksb.+时间+todosth.=sbspend/spent+时间+onsth./indoingsth.7.becontrolledby8.advisesbtodosth.9.beimportanttodosth.beimportanttosb.10.Thanksforyourintroduction.11.introducesbtosb.12.expectsbtodosthtell/told/asksbtodosth13.usesthtodosth.14.ordersbtodowantsbtodo15.teachsbtodowarnsbtodo16.see/watch/hearsbdo/doingsth17.add---to---18.ontheearth,onearth19.one---theother---(二者中的一个为one,另一个为theother)some---others---(一方为些,另一方为余下的一部分)theother和other后可跟名词therotherother后不跟名词20.Thereisnodoubtthat+句子21.withthehelpofsb=withone’shelp22.forexample=forinstance23.bedangerousto24.=beharmfulto=bebadfor=benotgoodfor=doharmto25.beusedtodo=beusedfordoingbeusedasbeusedbysbbeusedtodoingusesthtodobeusefultosb.26.Thankstosb/sth.Thanksfordoing27.insteadofdoing28.inaword=inshort29.makesbdosth.Sth变为被动语态bemadetodo30.turnon/off/up/downtaketurnstodo31.connectto32.clickon79\nTopic2Importantwordsandphrases:toothbrush,steel,ink,recorder,clone,experiment,servant,housework,forcertain,makeacontributionto,aslongas,runaway,inshort1.allowsbtodosth2.beallowedtodosth.3.allowdoingsth.4.toomuch+不可数名词toomany+可数名词复数muchtoo+形容词5.Mayyouareright=Perhapsyouareright=Youmayberight.6.showsbsth=showsthtosb.Itshowsthat+句子7.learn---from8.inourdaily/everydaylife9.It’ssaid/reportedthat10.during/inone’slife11.none与noone的区别:none既可指人也可指物none后跟ofnoone只能指人noone后不能跟of12.sofar,recently,inrecentyears,inthepast+时间,since,for+一段时间,ever,never,before,already,yet.13.allthetimehumanbeings14.besurprisedattoone’ssurprise15.nolonger=not---anylongernomore=not---anymoreYouarenolongeralittlegirl=Youaren’talittlegirlanylonger16.treat---as---17.thinkforoneself18.warnsbtodo=warnsbagainstdoing19.bemeanttodo=besupposedtodo=shoulddo=oughttodo20.inthemedicalfield21.make/madeagreatcontributiontodoingsth22.have/hasaneffectonsth.23.have/hassomeeffectsonsth.24.aslongas25.loseone’sway=get/got/belost26.beusefulto27.inshort=inawordTopic3Importantwordsandphrases:research,basic,coach,director,risk,storm,search,dry,beyond,separate,prison,tower,postman,praise,degree,whatever,excite,handin,baseon,befullof1.I’mafraidnot=Ihopenot.2.I’mafraidso=Ihopeso.3.beafraidtodosth=beafraidofdoingsth4.Ithinkalienscanbefoundinspace.变为否定句:Idon’tthinkalienscanbefoundinspace5.not---until6.inordertodo=soastodo=sothat7.inordernottodo=soasnottodo8.inordertodo和soastodo的区别:前者用于句首和句中,后者只能用于句中。9.ontheradioontheInternet=online10.one’sdreamcometrue=realize/achieveone’sdream11.discoverlookforfind12.makesb.+动词原形/形容词/过去分词/名词13.IthasbeentwodayssincewelandedonMars=WehavebeenonMarsfortwodays.14.What’sworse=Evenworse15.beworthdoingsth79\n1.attheriskofone’slife2.atadistanceof3.onethirdasstrongas---“相当于---的三分之一强度”halfasbigas---“像---一半大小巧玲”twotimesaslongas“像---两倍一样长”19beinterestedinsth=showinterestinsth.20beinterestedindoingsth.21baseoninspace22decidetodosth23alone单独,lonely孤独的Shelivesalone.Hefeelslonely九年级下册Unit5TalkingaboutChinaTopic1ItattractslotsoftouristsfromChinaandabroadeveryyear.FunctionalItems:LearningthegeographyaboutChina.TalkingaboutlifeinthesouthernandnorthernChina.Structures:AttributiveClauses(Ⅰ)(that,which)TargetLanguage:Chinaisabigcountrythathasabout5000yearsofhistory.It’sMountTaithat/whichliesinShandongProvince.That’sthemostfantasticplacethatIhaveeverheadof.Vocabulary:attract,tourist,fetch,guide,introduce,well,experience,bridge,heaven,island,plainTopic2ChinahasalongandgreathistoryFunctionalItems:LearningaboutChina’shistoricalpersonsandhistoriceventsStructures:AttributiveClauses(Ⅱ)(who,whom,whose)TargetLanguage:ZhengHeisthemanwholedsevenoceanjourneys.ZhengHeistheMingdynastyexplorerwhomalltheChinesepeopleareproudof.Confuciusisagreatmanwhosesayingsarestillveryfamous.Vocabulary:state,defeat,coast,total,army,march,enemy,attack,revolution,chairman,prizeTopic3WhatdoyouknowaboutChina’sculture?FunctionalItems:LearningaboutChina’shistoryandcultureStructures:ConnectivesBoth…and…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,either…or…TargetLanguage:BothmyfatherandIlikeitalot.Neithermymothernormyfatherlikesit,butIlikeitalot.Notonlypaperbutalsoprintingisveryimportanttopeople’sdailylives.Vocabulary:79\npromise,tower,chess,neither,nor,peasant,memory,discovery,rope,educatorUnit6EntertainmentandFrindshipTopic1DoyoulikewatchingTV?FunctionalItems:TalkingaboutTVprogramsTalkingaboutstarsingsTalkingabutthedifferencesbetweenwesterncultureandChinesecultureTargetLanguage:Iwouldratherwatchsportsshows.Everydoghasitsday.Theyhaveincreasedourknowledgeandhavechangedthewaywelearnabouttheworldtoday.Vocabulary:alive,hide,upon,compare,honest,advertisementTopic2TheMonkeyKingismyfavoritecharacter.FunctionalItems:TalkingaboutformsofliteratureandartTalkingaboutdifferentpaintersandtheirpaintingsTargetLanguage:Thenyoucandecidewhetheryouwanttobecomeapainterornot.VincentvanGogh’spaintingsareverylivelywithbrightblueskiesandyellowflowers.Vocabulary:painter,gallery,work,literature,beeTopic3Iwillneverforgetourfriendship.FunctionalItems:TalkingaboutagraduationceremonyExpressfarewellsTargetLanguage:It’sapieceofcake.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.It’sthethoughtthatcounts.Ifso,Iwanttobegyourpardon.Vocabulary:Chalk,handwriting,dozen,cheap,package,smooth,pound,dollar,penny,congratulate,hurry,awake79\n初中英语笔记1.start/begintodosth.=start/begindoingsth.2.allday=thewholeday3.⑴、besuretodosth.务必去做某事⑵、makesure(ofsth./that)确保,设法保证4.⑴、cutup切碎。同义词组为cutintopieces。cutup后跟代词宾语时,应放在cut和up之间;接名词宾语时通常放在其后。cutuptheapple把那个苹果切碎cutit(them)up把它(它们)切碎⑵、cutv.切;割cut...intwo/half把……切成两半cutthewatermelonintwo/half把这个西瓜切成两半cutdown砍倒Don’tcutdownthetree.不要砍倒那棵树。cut...intopieces把……切成碎块Pleasecutthemeatintopieces.请把那块肉切成碎片。5.拓展:与turn相关的短语turnup(把音量)调大,调高turndown(把音量)调小,调低turnin上交turninto使成为,翻译成turnout关;熄灭(灯、煤气等)turnagainst反对6.Here’sarecipeforagreatturkeysandwich!这儿是一份制作超级火鸡三明治的食谱!这是一个倒装句,here置于句首,若主语为名词,使用完全倒装的语序。即“Here+谓语动词(或be动词……)+主语”。若主语为代词时,则使用不完全倒装。即“Here+主语+谓语动词”。7.beatsb.in/atsth.8.helpsb.(to)dosth.=helpsb.withsth.9.begoodwith=getonwellwith10.①、until和till用于肯定句中,主句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词,表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。这些动词有:live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work等。②、until/till用于否定句中,其句型为not…until…意为“直到……才……”或79\n“在……之前不(没有)”,通常与非延续性动词连用,强调主句所表示的状态或动作从until/till所表示的时间才发生,主句必须是否定句。表示非延续性的动词有come,go,leave,meet,realize,understand,reach,get,arriveat等。1.lookafter=takecareof2.(be)thesameas←→(be)differentfrom3.kindof多用来修饰形容词原级,相当于alittle或abit。4.overprep.(指数目、程度等)高于,超过,多于,相当于morethan。exceptprep.常与all,everyone,everywhere,always,no,never等词连用。5.advice/information是不可数名词。6.辨析:reach与arrive①、reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词。②、arrive是不及物动词,后街接地点名词时常与介词in或at连用。arrivein后常跟较大的地方;而arriveat后常跟较小的地方。7.辨析:say,speak与talk⑴、say意为“说,讲”,它针对的是说话的内容。⑵、speak意为“说、讲(话)”,不强调说话的内容,但有时讲某种语言,(在社会上)发言要用speak。⑶、talk意为“讲话;交谈”,兼有不及物动词和名词两种词性。常与with,about或to搭配。8.辨析:person,people与man①、person指“人”,是可数名词。指具体的人,侧重于个体,无男女性别之分,常和数词连用,一般用于数目不大且比较精确的场合。②、people泛指“人们”,是集合名词,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。③、people还可表示“民族、种族”,是可数名词,其复数形式为peoples。④、man指“男人”,与“女人”woman相对。有时用来泛指一般的人,无男女性别之分,意为任何人。9.①、thepeople作“人民”讲,定冠词the在这里具有“全体”的含义。②、people作“民族”讲,可以说apeople,表示“一个民族”。③、people还可以指“平民、老百姓,(某地区的)居民”。thevillagepeople乡下人thecitypeople城里人10.用and连接的两个并列动名词或动名词短语作主语时,表达的是两件事情,谓语用复数形式;动名词作主语表达的是一件事情,谓语用单数。11.must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t。12.havefun/difficulty/troubledoingsth.havefundoingsth.=havefunwithsth.13.makefunof=laughat14.Howdoyoulike…?=Whatdoyouthinkabout/of…?79\n1.bothof后接名词、代词的复数形式。2.辨析:needtodo与needdoing⑴、needtodosth.意为“需要干某事”,是自己主动去干某事;⑵、needdoingsth.其主语常是物,含有被动的意义,相当于needtobedone。3.like/hatedoingsth.(经常性动作);like/hatetodosth.(一次性动作)4.辨析:join,attend与takepartin⑴、join指加入某个组织并成为该组织中的一个成员。⑵、attend指出席、参加某个场合,着重指动作。attendameeting出席会议attendawedding参加婚礼⑶、takepartin常用来指参加某项活动,并在活动中起一定作用。5.buy/sing/make/look/getsth.forsb.6.hereis不同于therebe句型中的be。在therebe句型中,be所遵循的是就近原则,而herebe中的be应遵循数量原则。7.Wouldliketodosth./feellikedoingsth.8.辨析:in与intoin和into都表示“在(到)......里面……”。①、in是表示物体位置的静态动词。②、into是表示动作方向的动态介词,常与表示动作的动词如come,go,run,rush等连用,当与put,fall,throw等动词连用时,二者可以互换。Pleasehelpmecarrythebookintotheclassroom.请帮我把这些书搬到教室里去。9.拓展:keep的用法①、keep+sb./sth.+adj.意为“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。②、keepdoingsth.一直做某事③、keepsth.(forsb.)(为某人)留某物④、keepsb./sth.away(fromsb./sth.)使某人/某物不靠近(某人/某物)⑤、keepupwithsb.=catchupwithsb.赶上某人⑥、keepintouchwith与某人保持联系⑦、keepaneyeon照看10.⑴、behealthy=beingoodhealth⑵、keep(stay)healthy=keepfit=keepingoodhealth11.call/ringsb.up=call/phone/telephone/ringsb.=givesb.acall(ring)12.hope/wishtodosth.13.first=atfirst=firstly=firstofallnext=second=afterthatfinally=atlast=intheend14.invitesb.todosth.,invitesb.tosomewhere79\n1.bebusywithsth.=bebusydoingsth.2.⑴、befamousfor…意为“以……而著名”。for后接著名的原因;befamousas…意为“作为……而著名”,as后接身份、职业的名词等。⑵、famous=well-known←→unknown3.wouldlike=want4.⑴、“分钟+past+点钟(小时)”结构表示分钟数小于30的时间,意为“几点过几分”。eg:tenpastthree三点十分fifteenpasttwelve十二点一刻⑵、“分钟+to+点钟(小时)”结构表示分钟数超过30的时间,意为“几点差几分”。eg:thirteentoeleven十点四十七分⑶、half为“一半”,表示分钟数正好是30的时间。⑷、aquarter表示“十五分钟”eg:aquarterpastten十点过一刻5.⑴、what引导的感叹句,结构为“What+不定冠词+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”和“What+形容词+不可数名词或名词复数+主语+谓语!”。⑵、how引导的感叹句,结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”,“How+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语!”和“How+主语+谓语!”。6.⑴、invitesb.todosth.⑵、invitesb.to+地点7.family是集体名词,作主语时,表示家庭成员为复数,谓语动词用复数形式;表示家庭整体时为单数,谓语动词用单数形式。8.⑴、表示频率的副词(短语)通常用于一般现在时态的句子当中。⑵、频率副词(短语)一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。sometimes还可以放在句首或句末。9.What’syourfavorite+n.?=What…doyoulikebest?10.辨析:whole与all⑴、Whole与all都可以用在表示整体的单数名词前,whole一般位于冠词、物主代词或别的限定词后,其结构为:限定词+whole+单数名词。而all则位于这些限定词的前面,结构为all+限定词+单数名词。例如:allmylife=mywholelife我的一生⑵、whole与all后可接复数名词,结构为all+限定词+复数名词,而thewholeof后加复数名词,例如:allthestudents=allofthestudents=thewholeofthestudents所有的学生⑶79\n、whole一般不能修饰不可数名词和物质名词。修饰复数名词时,一般前面需有数量词;而all适用于各种情况。例如:threewholedays三天整allthewater所有的水1.[归纳]decide宾语有以下几种情况:①、decide后直接接sth.。例如:Ican’tdecideanythingatthemoment.此刻我不能做出任何决定。②、decidetodosth.。例如:WedecidedtogotoNewYorknextmonth.我们决定下个月去纽约。③、decide+疑问词+todosth.。例如:Wecan’tdecidewheretogo.我们决定不了该去哪里。④、decideon(upon)sth./doingsth.。例如:Wedecidedongoingswimming.我们决定去游泳。⑤、decide+that从句。例如:Hedecidedthathewouldbuyanewcomputer.他决定买一台电脑。2.mostof后既可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式与of后的名词一致。3.辨析:interesting与interested①、interesting可以作表语,其主语通常是事或物,指某事、某物本身有趣;也可以作定语修饰物。②、interested多用于be/becomeinterestedin…(对……感兴趣)这一结构中。其中interested作表语,指某人对某事物感兴趣,其主语是人,而不是物。4.向他人提建议的表达方法:⑴、委婉建议法:Wouldyoumind(not)+动名词?表示“你(不)介意做某事吗?/你(不要)做某事好吗?”⑵、劝告性建议法:You’dbetterdo/notdosth.⑶、责备性建议法:Whydon’tyou/Whynot+动词原形?5.have/catchacold/fever…6.[拓展]常见的与way相关的短语有:bytheway顺便说一下,顺便问一下inone’sway以……特有的方式intheway妨碍,挡路inthisway用这种方法(式)79\nonthe/one’swayto在(某人)去……的路上noway不,绝不loseone’sway迷路havealongwaytogo仍有许多事要做1.表示有生命的东西(主要是人)通常使用所有格’s的形式表所属关系,单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s;以s结尾的复数名词只在词尾加’;表示共同拥有时只在最后一个名词后加’s,表示各自拥有时,则在每个名词后加’s。2.[拓展]与ask相关的搭配有:⑴、asksb.sth.意为“问某人某事”。⑵、asksb.aboutsth.意为“询问某人有关某事;向某人打听某事”。⑶、askforsth.意为“请求某事;要某物”,相当wantsth.例如:Pleaseaskforhelpifyouhavesomeproblems.如果你有问题,请要求帮助。Hesatdownatthetableandaskedforacupofcoffee.他坐在桌旁,要了一杯咖啡。⑷、asksb.forsth.意为“向某人要某物”。3.not…anything=nothing4.在表示交通方式时,by后直接接交通工具,而in或on后接交通工具时,必须有冠词、形容词性的物主代词等限定词修饰。5.enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime/havefun6.辨析:ago与before①、ago常和一般过去时态连用,ago前面通常是一个表示时间段的词或短语。②、before通常用来表示在某个时间点之前,也可单独作状语。而ago则不能单独使用。7.let/make/havesb.dosth.8.alotof与lotsof后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。9.exercise⑴、exercise作不及物动词,意思是“运动,锻炼”。例如:Myfatherexercisesthreetimesaweek.⑵、作可数名词用,意为“练习”、“操”。例如:Studentsalwayshavealotofexercisestodo.学生们总是有很多练习要做。doeyeexercises做眼保健操domorningexercises[拓展]exercise还可用作不可数名词,意思是“运动,锻炼”,常与动词take连用。例如:79\nYoushouldtakeexerciseifyouwanttobehealthier.如果你想更健康,应该多运动。1.begoodat=dowellin2.stoptodosth.停下来做某事(停下一件事,去做另一件事)stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事情stopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.阻止某人去做某事3.forget/remembertodosth.forget/rememberdoingsth.4.finish/practicedoingsth.5.辨析:little,alittle,few和afew四个词均有相似之处和细微差别,见下表:可数不可数肯定afew(有一些)alittle(有一些)否定few(几乎没有)little(几乎没有)巧记口诀:few和little含义同,句中意义是否定。afew和alittle含有同,句中意义是肯定。few和afew作用同,可数名词来限定。little和alittle作用同,不可数名词来限定。6.show/send/pass/give/sell/fax/lend/bring/teach/tellsb.sth.=…sth.tosb.7.except常与all,everyone,everywhere,always,no,never等词连用。8.掌握take的有关短语或句型:①、takeoff脱下;(飞机)起飞②、takeaway拿走,取走③、takesb.forawalk带某人去散步④、takeone’stime不用急,慢慢来⑤、taketurns轮流,替换9.①、leavefrom+某地,离开某地。②、leavefor某地,动身去某地。③、leave某地for另一地,离开某地去另一地方。10.⑴、plantodosth.计划做某事⑵、planonsth./planondoingsth.打算,期待某事/做某事11.辨析:pay,spend,cost和take(in)doingsth.onsth.①、pay的主语是人,常用在sb.pay(somemoney)forsth.这一句型中。②、spend的主语是人,常用在sb.spendsometime/money79\n这一句式中。③、cost主语是物,常用在sth.costsb.somemoney这一句式中。④、take做“花费”之意时,用在Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.这一固定句型中。1.can’thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事can’thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事2.ask/tell/wantsb.(not)todosth.3.howlong询问时间的长短时,一定要与延续性动词连用。howsoon表示“多久以后”,一般用于一般将来时态中,答语是in+时间段。4.⑴、含有形容词比较级的主句+than+(对比的)从句。例如:Theyhavemoreorangesthanwedo/us.他们比我们有更多的橘子。⑵、“比较级+and+比较级”或“more+and+more+(多音节和部分双音节词的)原级”表示“越来越……”之意。例如:Moreandmorecountriesbegintosavethefinancialcrisis.越来越多的国家开始拯救金融危机。⑶、“The+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,就越……”。例如:Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。⑷、能够修饰比较级的词有much,alittle,abit,alot,even等。⑸、当比较级后面有ofthetwo…之类的短语时,比较级前要加定冠词the。例如:Lucyisthetallerofthetwins.露西是双胞胎姐妹中较高的那个。5.thanksto表示“多亏”、“由于”,相当于becauseof。6.辨析:every与each⑴、二者都可译为“每个”。但every着重指由一个一个所形成的全体;用于三个或三个以上的人或物。⑵、each着重指全体中的一个个的个体,用于总数为两个或两个以上的人或物;其个体感比every强。7.discussdoingsth.讨论做某事;discusssth.withsb.与某人讨论某事8.辨析:photosofme和photosofminePhotosofme意为“(有关)我的照片”,那照片中的人就是我。Photosofmine意为“我的照片”,我是照片的所有者,但不一定所有的照片上都有我。例如:Thisisaphotoofmeattheageoffive.这是一张我五岁时的照片。Thisisaphotoofmine.这照片是我的。9.时间介词on,at与in的辨析79\n⑴、on一般用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等,也用于表示具体某一天的早晨、下午或晚上。例如:onarainyday在一个雨天onthemorningofJanuary3rd在一月三号的早上⑵、in表示在某个较长的时间内,如世纪、朝代、年代月及泛指上午、下午和晚上等。例如:in1980s在20世纪80年代in1999在1999年⑶、at多指时间点、时刻等,较短暂的一段时间,可指某个节日或一年。atChristmas在圣诞节[特别提醒]当时间名词前被this,that,last,next,some,every等词限定时,通常不用任何介词。1.either…or…或者……;要么……,注意此结构要求谓语动词遵循就近原则。2.atthemoment意为“此时,目前”,相当于now,常用于一般现在时或现在进行时中。拓展:inamoment立刻,马上forthemoment暂时atthelastmoment在最后关头atmomentago刚才justmoment稍等一下foramoment一会儿3.辨析:job与work⑴、job为可数名词,指具体的固定或临时的“工作”。⑵、work为不可数名词,没有复数形式,泛指工作,是含义广泛的常用单词,指脑力或体力的劳动,也指为了生活而工作、劳动。4.介词to表示“关联,联系”,不能用介词of表示“……的”。Whoknowstheanswertothequestion?谁知道这个问题的答案?用介词to而不用of表示“……的”的短语有:thekeytothedoor门的钥匙;theentrance/exittothetheater剧院的入口/出口。5.6.①、addsth.tosth.意为“给……添加……”“把……加在一起”。例如:Thechildrenisaddingsomewoodtothestove.这些孩子们正在往炉子里添加柴火。②、addtosth.意为“增加某事物”。例如:Thebadweatheronlyaddedtoourdifficulties.这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。79\n③、addup意为“加起来”。例如:AddallthemoneyIownyou.把我应付给你的钱都加在一起。④、adduptosth.意为“总计,共达”。例如:Thenumbersaddupto100.这些数目合计为100。1.⑴、trytodosth.意为“尽力、设法去做某事”。⑵、trydoingsth.意为“尝试着做某事”;tryon意为“试穿”,后接衣、物之类的名词。⑶、tryone’sbesttodosth.表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”。2.当形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,nothing,形容词应置于其后。3.inone’sopinion(依某人看来)=asforsb.=onone’smind4.hundred,thousand,million(百万)等词,当前面有具体数目或数量,如three,four,several等词修饰时,这些词用单数,如果前面没有数目或数量,但后于of连用,这些词要用复数形式。5.take/have/makeatripto+place6.attheendof…“在……尽头/末端”,可以表示时间,也可以表示地点。bytheendof…到……末为止intheend“结果”、“最终”,只能用来表示时间的概念,之后不能接介词of。7.辨析:anumberof与thenumberof⑴、anumberof+复数名词,意为“许多……”,其中心名词是后面的复数名词,故谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:AlargernumberofforeignerscometoChinaeveryyear.每年有大量的外国人来中国。⑵、thenumberof+名词,意为“……的数量(目)”,中心名词是number,故谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolis2000.我们学校的学生数量达2000人。8.too…to…通常可与not…enoughto…“不够……而不能……”及so…that…“如此……以致”进行句型转换。9.havetherecordfor…/holdtherecordfor…保持……的纪录breaktherecord打破纪录10.learn/affordtodosth.⑴、100.seesb.doingsth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。79\nseesb.dosth.表示“看见某人做过某事”,强调某动作已结束,有时也指经常性动作。⑵、与see类似的动词还有make,let,have,wathc,hear,feel,notice等感观动词,均有此用法。101.attheageof…在……岁的时候,相当于whensb.was…yearsold.102.atwo-weekschooltrip一个两周的学校旅行,相当于atwoweek’sschooltrip。103.another后面可接复数名词,但前面必须有数词,结构是“another+数词+名词复数”,又/另/再几个……。104.辨析:other,others,theother,another与theothers①、other作形容词时,意思是“别的,其他的”,其后多接可数名词。例如:I’mafraidthereareotherwaysofsolvingthisproblem.恐怕解决这个问题还有别的办法。②、others是other的复数形式,作代词用,指“不定的,其他人或物(复数)”,相当于一个复数名词。③、theothers则表示在一个特定范围内的其他的全部,表示特指,意为“其余的”。例如:Somepeopleenjoyexercise,othersdon’t.有些人喜欢运动,有些人则不喜欢。④、theother指“两个人或事物中的另一个”,表示特指,通常与one搭配使用,构成“one…theother…”意为:一个……另一个……。例如:MissGaohasabookinonehand,andapenintheother.高老师一只手拿书,另一只手拿钢笔。⑤、aother可以看作an与other两个词的融合,其后只能跟单数名词,也可泛指代单数名词,表示“不确定数目中的另一个”。[特别提醒]①、当another作“另外的,再”讲时,可修饰可数名词。此时名词前常有具体数词修饰,即another+数词+复数名词。例如:Wehaveanotherfivefriendstomeet.我们另有五位朋友要见面。②、theothers和others均可与some连用:但“some…theothers…”意为:一些……另一些……;而“some…others…”表示:有些……有些……。例如:Somelikethis,otherslikethat.有的喜欢这个,有的喜欢那个。105.either(两者之一),neither(两者都不),均可作代词,在句中作主语时,either和neither的谓语动词用单数形式。106.“某人也如此”的表达:so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语79\n107.108.I’dloveto相当于I’dliketo,意思是“我很乐意”。109.havetalentfor(doing)sth.对某事有天分110.⑴、besurprisedat…对……感到惊讶⑵、insurprise惊奇地Roselookathermotherinsurprise.罗斯惊奇地看着她母亲。111.becauseof表示因果关系时,后不能接从句,但能接名词、代词或动名词。112.⑴、It’stime(forsb.)todosth.(某人)该做某事了,是(某人)做某事的时间了。⑵、It’stimefor…“到……时间了”。注意for后跟名词或代词作宾语。113.①、oneof后的名词要用复数形式。②、oneof短语作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。Oneofmyfriendsknowsyou.我的一个朋友认识你。114.辨析:quiet与calm⑴、quiet侧重于没有声音或周围没有什么活动,也指心神安逸。⑵、calm侧重于没有不安表现和巨大的激动,用于天气、海洋时,指平静无风;用于指人时则表示镇静自若,主要强调的是外表。115.always和现在进行时连用往往带有感情色彩,而用于其他时态,如一般现在时,往往只是陈述事实。116.somewhere意为“在某处,在某地”,相当于in/atsomeplace。117.enough的用法:①、enough作形容词,修饰名词时通常放在名词的前面。②、enough用作副词,通常放在形容词或副词之后,意为“足够地,十分地”。118.sb.bethefirst(on)todosth.某人是第一个做某事的人119.辨析:inthefuture与infuture⑴、inthefuture意思是“在将来、未来”。指的是将来某一时刻,不一定从现在开始。⑵、infuture意思是“今后”。指从现在开始的以后。120.get/receivealetterfromsb.=hearfromsb.121.⑴、on强调一件东西在另一件之上,物体的表面相接触。⑵、over强调在……之上,有较精确地垂直在上的意思。⑶、above表示位置高于某人或某物,但不一定是正上方。122.communicatewithsb.与某人交流/沟通123.movefrom…to…从……搬到……;bemovedby被……打动124.hold作动词,较常见的用法有:79\n①、拿着,抓住,抱住②、容纳,包含Theplanholdsabout300passengers.③、使保持(在某位置)Holdyourheadup.抬起头来。④、支撑……的重量Idon’tthinkthechaircanholdyourweight.我想这把椅子不能支撑你的重量。125.拓展:⑴、putsth.inorder把某事排列好⑵、inordertodosth.目的是做某事,为了做某事。126.辨析:clothes,clothing与cloth⑴、clothes“衣服”,统指身上的各种衣服,包括内衣、外衣、上衣、裤子等;clothes是复数名词,没有单数形式,它不能与基数词连用。⑵、clothing“衣服”,是服装的总称,含义比clothes广,除指衣服外,还可指鞋袜、帽子、被褥等,没有复数形式。如“一件衣服”可以说an/aarticle/pieceofclothing;children’sclothing童装。但不能说asuitofclothing。⑶、cloth不是clothes的单数形式。cloth是不可数名词,意为“布,布料”;作有特殊用途的布讲时,是可数名词。atablecloth一块桌布127.part-time,“部分时间的,兼职的”←→full-time,“全职的,全日制的”。128.⑴、agreewithsb.同意某人的观点⑵、agreetosth.同意,认可某事(通常为计划、建议等)⑶、agreeon+表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词(这时主语时协商一件事的人或单位)。129.hatesb./sth.130.⑴、make+n./pron.+n.使……成为……WemakeLiJianourmonitor.我们推荐李健当班长。⑵、make+n.+adj.使……处于某种状态⑶、makefriendswithsb.131.与stay有关的短语:⑴、stayaway(fromsb./sth.)(与某人或某物)保持距离,不打扰(某人或某物)⑵、staybehind(别人走后)在某处留下不走⑶、stayup(late)熬夜132.有关do的短语:⑴、do+the+v.-ingdothereading阅读dotheshopping购物dothecleaning打扫卫生dothecooking做饭79\n⑵、do+some+v.-ingdosomewriting做书法练习dosomecleaning大扫除dosomesweeping扫地dosomesinging唱歌⑶、dothe+名词dothebed整理床铺dothedishes洗盘子dotheroom整理房间dotheflowers插花⑷、doone’s+名词doone’shair梳头发doone’slessons做功课133.拓展:与put相关的短语putaway把……收起来放好putoff推迟,延期putup建造;挂起,举起putout熄灭134.⑴、borrow是指向别人借东西,即“借入”,lend是指把东西借给别人,即“借出”。borrow的常用结构是borrowsth.fromsb.相当于borrowone’sthing。⑵、无论borrow还是lend,都是瞬间动词,所以不能表示借多长时间,若要表示借多长时间,可以用动词keep或have。135.⑴、feedsth.to…把某物喂给……⑵、feed…withsth.用某物喂养……⑶、feedon以……为主食,以……为主136.“comeoverto+地点”意为“顺便拜访某地”。137.辨析:along与lonely⑴、along表示“单独、独自一人”,主要强调客观情况。⑵、lonely指孤单、寂寞,主要指心灵上的孤独,具有伤感色彩。138.befriendlytosb.对某人友好;befriendlywithsb.和某人关系好139.辨析:thinkabout,thinkof与thinkover⑴、thinkabout意为“考虑,想起”,后接名词、代词、动名词、疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句。Shedoesn’tcarewhatotherpeoplethinkabouther.她不在乎别人对她的看法。⑵、thinkof意为“考虑;记起;想起”。⑶、thinkover意为“(仔细、反复地)思考,考虑”。140.⑴、kid原意为“小山羊,小山羊皮”,在口语中常用来指“小孩子”,相当于child。⑵、kid也可以作动词,表示“(口语)哄骗,耍弄,开玩笑”,其过去式是kidded,现在分词是kidding。141.辨析:either,too与also⑴、either用于否定句中,一般放在句末,其前通常用逗号。⑵79\n、too用于肯定句和疑问句中,一般放在句末,其前常有逗号;或作为插入语放在句中,前后均有逗号。⑶、also用于肯定句和疑问句中,常放在句中,一般位于系动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前。142.辨析:when与while⑴、when当(在)……时,可表示瞬间或时间段,主、从句所表示的动作、事情可同时发生,也可有先后顺序地发生。⑵、while正当(正在)……时(指同时),用于指同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴随而发生,常对同类两个动作进行比较,while从句中动词需用延续性动词。Somestudentswerereadingwhileotherswerewriting.有些学生在读书,有些学生在写字。143.辨析:everyday与everyday⑴、everyday是副词词组,作状语,表示“每天,天天”。⑵、everyday是形容词,只作定语,表示“日常的,平常的”。144.anhourortwo=oneortwohours一两个小时145.allovertheworld=throughouttheworld=aroundtheworld全世界146.辨析:travel,journey,trip与tour四者都可用作名词,表示“旅行;旅游”的意思。其区别是:⑴、travel常指长距离的旅行或国外旅行。Hecamehomeafteryearsofforeigntravel.多年国外旅游之后他回家了。⑵、journey常指远距离的陆地旅行。Theydecidedtotakeatrainjourney.他们决定坐火车旅行。⑶、trip常指短距离的旅行、远足。Ienjoyedourtriptotheseaside.我很喜欢我们去海边的旅行。⑷、tour常指观光、考察等环游旅行。Theyareontheweddingtour.他们正在进行新婚旅行。147.辨析:already,ever与yet①、alreadyadv.“已经”。与现在完成时连用,通常用于肯定句中。already一般不用于否定句,在口语中可用于疑问句中,表示期望对方做一个明确答复或表示惊讶,此时already常置于句末。Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.②、everadv.“曾经”。用于现在完成时,多用于疑问句。在否定句中一般用never来代替notever。③、yetadv.“已经”。与现在完成时连用,用于疑问句或否定句中,通常置于句末,也可与not连用。148.survey名词,意为“调查”,常用doasurveyof…或makeasurveyof…79\n来表示“对……做调查”。149.although所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用,但可以和yet,still等词连用。150.辨析:in与afterin和after都可表示“在……之后”,但用法有所不同。⑴、in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”,也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句中的谓语动词要用一般将来时。Hewillbebackintwodays.⑵、after常常指以过去时间为起点的“在一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或只以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后,它可以与将来时态连用。HestartedonSundayandarrivedinBeijingafterthreedays.他星期天动身,3天之后到达北京。IwillbefreeafterFriday.我星期五之后有空。151.辨析:begoingto,will与shall⑴、will用于各种人称,shall多用于第一人称(I,We)。⑵、begoingto表示打算在最近的将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;shall/will表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时做出的决定。152.none为不定代词,意为“没有”,既可用于指人,也可用于指物,其后可接of短语,作主语时谓语动词用单、复数皆可,但noone只能指人,且不能与of连用,noone作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。152.辨析:“have/hasbeento+地点”、“have/hasgoneto+地点”与“have/hasbeenin+地点”三者都是现在完成时态形式。⑴、“have/hasbeento+地点”表示某人曾经去过某地,现在已经回来,不在那里了。⑵、“have/hasgoneto+地点”则表示“某人到某地去了”,现在还没有回来,可能在去的途中,也可能在那里或在返回的途中。⑶、“have/hasbeenin+地点”表示“某人在某处待了多长时间”。153.livetobe+基数词+yearold,意为“活到……岁数”。154.动名词短语和动词不定式都可以作主语,但在用法上有区别:不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作,而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。155.注意:beableto表示有能力,往往有经过努力而能够的意思。可以用于各种时态。can用于表示身体或精神上自身所具备的能力,只有现在和过去两种时态形式。79\n152.辨析:inthetree与onthetree两者的意思都是“在树上”。但inthetree指外来人或物在树上,而onthetree指树上本身长的东西在树上。153.look,turn,feel,become,get,grow,taste,smell等,它们作连系动词时,其后接形容词作表语。154.注意:⑴、arguewithsb.与某人辩论⑵、argueon/aboutsth.辩论/争论某事辨析:argue与quarrel⑴、argue着重就自己的看法或观点,提出论证,同他人“争论”。⑵、quarrel是指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”。同with搭配,其后接某人;与about搭配,其后接某事。155.⑴、表示“……怎么了(出什么事了)?”可用:What’swrong(with…)?What’sthematter(with…)?What’sthetrouble(with…)?What’s…trouble?⑵、Somethingiswrongwith…=Thereissomethingwrongwith………出毛病了。156.time短语大看台:attimes有时;bythetime到……的时候;intime及时;ontime按时79

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