初中英语语法汇总总 161页

电大英语（一）语法与练习主讲人：侯晓岚MaanshanTVUniversity\nEnglishGrammar电大英语（I）人称代词物主代词反身代词不定代词代词综合练习名词冠词数词介词动词do动词havetherebe结构情态动词时间表达法形容词（副词）的比较级和最高级选择疑问句祈使句感叹句状语从句时态：一般现在时练习现在进行时练习一般将来时练习一般过去时练习\n人称代词：代替人或事物的代词叫人称代词.人称代词有主格和宾格之分.主格一般在句子中作主语，宾格在句子中作动词或介词的宾语.人称主格宾格第一人称I(单数)mewe(复数)us第二人称you(单\复数)you第三人称he(单数)himshe(单数)herit(单数)itthey(复数)them注意：it能被用来代替一个东西、一个动物或一个未知的人.they能被用来代替两个或两个以上的东西、动物或人.例：动词的主语动词的宾语介词的宾语IlikeWendy.Wendylikesme.Wendyisfondofme.HelikesWendyWendylikeshim.Wendyisfondofhim.Grammar\n模仿示例,用括号里代词的正确形式完成下列句子.例如：Maryistalkingtome(I/me)onthephone.1.(We/Us)wentswimmingatthebeachyesterday.2.(He/Him)isMichael’sgoodfriend.3Ihaven’tseen(they/them)foralongtime.4.Ilikemybossbecause(he/him)isveryfriendly.5.Kittyisolderthan(I/me)but(I/me)amolderthanSusan.6.Itold(he/him)towaitbut(he/him)didn’t.7.A:Whotookmyradio?B:(I/Me)havenoideawhotook(it/him).8.A:Wherearethefootballplayer?B:There(they/them)are.9.A:IsthatKennethoverthere?B:Yes,that’s(he/him).10.A:IsRaymondhard-working?B:Yes,(he/him)is.Everyoneintheofficerespects(he/him).练习\n物主代词：也称代词的所有格.表明谁的某物或某物归属于谁.分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词.形容词性物主代词只能作定语，后面必须跟有名词.名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+名词.人称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称my(单)/our(复)mine(单)ours(复)第二人称your(单/复)yours(单/复)第三人称hisherits(单)/their(复)hishersits(单)/theirs(复)注意：区分its与it’s.its是it的形容词性和名词性物主代词，it’s是itis或ithas的缩写例：形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词That’smypen.Thatpenismine.Thisisourmoney.Thismoneyisours.Theseareyourshoes.Theseshoesareyours.Thosearehisgoldfish.Thosegoldfisharehis.That’sherfile.Thatfileishers.Thatisitsfood.Thatfoodisits.Thesearetheirtoys.Thesetoysaretheirs.Grammar\n模仿示例,用括号里的词开头,改写下列句子.例如：Theirbooksareonthetable.(Thebooks)Thebooksonthetablearetheirs.1.Theirredshirtsareonthechair.(Theredshirts)2.Yourroomisthefirstoneonthefourthfloor.(Thefirstroom)3.Myschoolbagisunderthetable.(Theschoolbag)4.Herpianoisinthesittingroom.(Thepiano)5.Myposteristhebiggestoneonthenotice-board.(Thebiggestposter)6.TheirofficeisnexttoJohn’s.(Theoffice)7.Hiscarisattheendofthestreet.(Thecar)8.Ourclassroomisthebiggestoneintheschool.(Thebiggestclassroom)9.HerglassesareontheTV.(Theglasses)10.Hislettersareonmydesk.(Theletters)练习\nKey:1.Theredshirtsonthechairaretheirs.2.Thefirstroomonthefourthfloorisyours.3.Theschoolbagunderthetableismine.4.Thepianointhesittingroomishers.5.Thebiggestposteronthenotice-boardismine.6.TheofficenexttoJohn’sistheirs.7.Thecarattheendofthestreetishis.8.Thebiggestclassroomintheschoolisours.9.TheglassesontheTVarehers.10.Thelettersonmydeskarehis.\n反身代词(ReflexivePronouns)表示反射或强调的代词以-self或-selves结尾。一、反身代词的构成二、用法：1、在句中作宾语。表示动作回射到动作执行者本身。e.g.Healwaysthinksofhimself.Thegirlcanwashherselfnow.2、在句中用来加强语气，表示“亲自”“本人”的意思。e.g.Youcandoityourself.Imustseetheheadmasterhimself.Grammar\n反身代词的构成人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselveshimself第三人称herselfthemselvesitself第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加-self/-selves构成.第三人称由人称代词宾格形式加-self/-selves构成.所有的重音均在这个音节上.Grammar\nFillintheblankswithreflexivepronounces:（用反身代词填空）1.SheteachesEnglish.2.TheyenjoyatthepartyeverySaturdayevening.3.TodayI’mgoingtobuyatennisracket.4.Pleasemakeathome,children.5.Timoftenforcestosleeplate.6.Canyouseeinthephotograph?7.Shelivesby.8.Wemakesandwichesfor.9.Theoldladyalwaystalksto.10.Paulispleasedwithbecausehedoeswellinhiswork.herselfthemselvesmyselfyourselveshimselfherselfherselfhimselfyourselfourselves练习\n不定代词some,any,no.some,any,no都既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。Some一般用在肯定句中。e.g.Heaskedmesomequestions.Therearesomechildrenoutside.Thereissomemilkinthefridge.Someofusagreewiththestatementandsomedisagree.Somepeopleareearlyrisers.Motherisdoingsomewashingnow.Some也可用在表示‘请求’、‘建议’的疑问句中，希望回答‘yes’e.g.Willyougetmesomematches?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Whydon’tyougetsomepeopletohelpyou?Doyouneedsomehelp?Grammar\nAny用在否定和疑问句中。e.g.Arethereanystampsinthedrawer?Ihaven’tgotanyworktodo.Doyouknowanygooddoctor?Letmeknowrightawayifyouhaveanynews.Didshegiveyouany?Any也可用在肯定句中，表示‘任何’。e.g.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.Comeanydayyoulike.Anytimeyouwantme,justsendforme.Grammar\nNo只能作定语。no=notany,nota(an)e.g.Therearenolettersforyoutoday.Heisnofriendofmine.Noboyintheclasshaseverseenthesea.No用于警告、命令等标识。e.g.Nosmoking!Noparking!Grammar\n用some,any和no填空：Iwanttobuy_______newclothes,butIhaven’tgot______money.Therearen’t_______seatsleftonthebus.Ihad________sweets,butmysisterdidn’thave_______.Shesaw________squirrelsintheparkyesterday.Heheard________noisesoutsidehisbedroomwindowlastnight.Theydon’thave______ticketsfortheconcert.Whyisn’tthere_______breadinthekitchen?Motherbought_______justthisafternoon.Werethere_______telephonecallsformewhileIwasaway?Boy:Haveyougot_______friendsnearwhereyoulive?Girl:________,butnotmany.someanyanysomeanysomesomeanyanysomeanyanysome练习\nHaveMrMrsHarrisgot_______children?Wewenttosee________clownsatthecircus.Janehasgot________newshoes.They’relovely!Don’tyouhave_________lessonstoday?Peterhas_________friends.Iamsorryforhim.Idon’twant________vegetables,thankyou.Havethey________orangesinthemarkettoday?Peter’sabadboy.Hedoes________workatallandplaysallday.I’vegot_______potatoes,_______onionsand_______carrots,butIcan’tfind________tomatoes.–WhyhasJohngot________classestoday?--Becausetherearen’t________inourschool,today.anysomesomeanynoanyanynosomesomesomeanyanyno练习\n一、阅读下列疑问句或陈述句,然后选出最佳答案.1.John,who’sthatphonecallfor?A.That’smine.B.It’sforme.C.Isthatyours?D.He’scallingme.2.IsRosannainherroom?A.Yes,thisroomishers.B.No,shedidn’ttellme.C.No,it’snotherroom.D.Yes,sheis.3.Isthatmaponthewallmine?A.Yes,it’shis.B.No,it’snotyours.C.No,mymapisonthetable.D.Yes,I’msureit’smine.4.Mymotherisanurse.A.Thenurseismine.B.Thehousewifeismymother.C.Mineisadoctor.D.Metoo.5.Theirschooluniformsarepurpleandwhite.A.Oursareblueandgreen.B.Wearethesame.C.Whiteishiscolor.D.Yourcolorisgreen.语法练习\n6.Doyouknowwheremycamerais?A.Oh,yourcameraisaniceone.B.No,Ionlyknowhowtousemine.C.No,Iknownothingaboutcameras.D.Yes,it’sonthesofa.7.Whoseexaminationresultsarebetter?A.Ido.B.It’sme.C.Mineare.D.Theyaremine.8.Myfavoritecolorispurple.A.He’syellow.B.It’sredtome.C.Theirsisorange.D.Isheblack?9.Mary’sinHospital.A.I’msorrytohearthat.B.Sheisbad.C.It’sveryunfortunateofherD.She’llrecoversoon.10.Isthisraincoathis?A.Yes,it’smine.B.Itmustbehim.C.No,Ithinkit’syours.D.Yes,hisraincoatisoverthere.语法练习\n二、Inthefollowingexercise,puttheverbsinbracketsinthePresentSimple,putinthemissingpossessiveadjectives*,andputinthemissingpersonalpronouns#.(用括号内动词的一般现在时填空，并在*处填上适当的物主代词，在#处填上适当的人称代词.）BrianandTom______(work)inLondon.James____(be)______*friend.James__________(introduce)______#to______*motherandfather.Jamesalso______(have)asister.______*name______(be)Janeand________#________(be)anengineer.John____(be)afriendofBrianandTomtoo.______#_______(come)fromacityinAustralia.AndrewandJohn______(be)doctors.Andrew______(like)John,but___________(not/like)Tom.Tom____________(work)with_______*daughter._______#______(be)engineers.workisthemintroducestheirlikesshehisisHerhascomesHeisisaredoesn’tlikearehisworksThey语法练习\n三、Fillinthegapsbelowwiththecorrectpronouns.（用代词的恰当形式填空.）1)Englishpeoplelovedogs.buyexpensivefood（购买昂贵的食物）for，talktoandsometimessleepwithonbeds.Thedogsdon‘tsleeponown（自己的）bedsbuton！2)Johnlovesbrother,Tom.alwayswalkstoschoolwithandhelpswithhomework.doesownhomework,andsometimesdoesbrother’stoo！Tomdoesn‘tdoit.3)MyfriendandIloveteacher，MissBrown.likelessonsverymuch.areinterestingandisalwayshappy.theirtheirthemTheythemthemtheirstheirhishimHehimselfhimhisHehishisourWeTheysheour语法练习\n四、Completethistable.（填写下表）(人称代词)PersonalPronouns主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词SubjectObjectPossessiveAdjectivePossessivePronounReflexiveIyourshimselfheritsourselvesyourselvesThey语法练习meyourselfherselfthemselvesmyselfyoumyyouryoumineheherhershishimhissheititselfitsitusourweoursyouyouyoursyourthemtheirtheirs\n五、Fillintheblankswithproperpronounces:(用适当的代词填空）1.Wemustnotthinkonlyof.(us,ourselves)2.Whowillgotherewith?Nobody,she’llgothere.(herself,her)3.“Helptosomefish.”MrsGreensaidtoPeter.(yourself,yourselves)4.Ican’trepairthemodelship.(me,myself)5.Theycooksupperfor.(themselves,himself)6.Onthistrip,youboysneedtolookafter.(yourself,yourselves)7.HegaveapresentforChristmas.(his,himself)8.Hecantypetheletter.(himself,him)9.I’moldenoughtodressnow.(me,myself)10.Onemustrespect.(one,oneself)ourselvesherherselfyourselfmyselfmyselfthemselvesyourselveshimselfhimselfoneself语法练习\n六、在需要的地方，用a,an,some,any,many填空：_______policemeninBritainhaveguns,butonlyafewofthem.Doyouwant_______apple?Thisis_______reallybeautifulhouse.Thereare_______fiveChineseinmyclass._______friendsofmyparentsliveinChina.TheyareAustralian.Haveyou_______eggstoday?_______eagleisabigbird.Johnhasgot_______verybignoses.What_______beautifulgarden!_______peopleliveinverybighouses._______studentsinChinawanttolearnEnglishthesedays.Arethere_______policewomeninHongKong?Someana/SomeanyAnaaSomeManyany语法练习\n七、用a,an,some,any填空：Haveyougot_______flat?Iwanttobe_______actor.Doyouhave_________pork?Johnhasgot_______bigfeet,buthe’s_______fastrunner.Youneed_______visatovisit__________foreigncountries.Janeis_______teacherandherparentsare_______teacherstoolTheseare_______verynicetrousers.Howmucharethey?TomalwaysgivesAnn___________flowersonherbirthday.Haveyou_______rice?Hegivesme_______cardeveryyearformybirthday.aanany/aasome(/)a//some(/)anya语法练习\n疑问句：英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句：是将句中的助动词、情态动词或连系动词放在主语的前面。通常用yes和no来回答。e.g.Haveyoulockedthedoor?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.DoyouknowJack?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词＋一般疑问句要根据实际情况来回答。e.g.Whoisstandingatthewindow?Mysisteris..Howmuchdoesitcost?Fiftyyuan.反意疑问句:前面是一个陈述句，后面是一个简略问句。用yes和no来回答。e.g.Theirdaughterisveryclever,isn’tshe?Jacklikestea,doesn’the?Youdon’tlikeyourjob,doyou?Sheisneverlateforschool,isshe?Grammar\n选择疑问句：两种。要作具体回答。１、前面是一个一般疑问句，后面用or连接一个选择项目。e.g.Shallwegobybusorbytrain?DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?ShallIdoitorwillyoudoityourself?Areyoureadyornot?Doyouwanttobuyitornot?２、一个特殊疑问句加两个或两个以上的选择（用or连接）。e.g.Whodoyoulikebetter,TomorDerek?Whichdoyouprefer,coffeeortea?Whichicecreamwouldyoulike,chocolate,vanillaorstrawberry?Grammar\n时间表达法：一、数字表达法：直接读出数字。e.g.1:00one(o’clock)2:05twofive3:15threefifteen5:30fivethirty7:45sevenforty-five8:58eightfifty-eight二、介词表达法：分钟数在半小时之内（含半小时）,用介词past.表示‘几点过几分’.e.g.4:03three(minutes)pastfour6:10tenpastsix9:15aquarterpastnine2:25twenty-fivepasttwo11:30halfpasteleven分钟数超过半小时的，用to。表示‘几点差几分’.e.g.5:35twenty-fivetosix1:40twentytotwo3:45aquartertofour7:55fivetoeight12:59onetoone**上午和下午的表达：１、在时间后加inthemorning或intheafternoon。２、在时间后加a.m.或p.m.。Grammar\n用数字表达法和介词表达法讲出下列时刻：6：152：3811：033：5612：254：406：309：051：5010：358：105：45练习\n名词名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类.可数名词有单、复数之分,名词的数决定谓语动词的数.不可数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式。可数名词tablebookwalletbagglasslight不可数名词milkwatermoneyinformationteaoilpaper可数名词的复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种.不可数名词可以借助单位词来表示一定的数量。adropofwater,asheetofpaper,apieceofnews,atonofcoal注意：名词的规则变化加–s的发音。一些特殊的名词及变化。Grammar\n规则变化是在名词后加-s,具体变化规则如下:1、一般情况下,加–se.g.book-booksmap-mapsteacher-teachersway-ways2、在s,x,sh,ch后,加–es.e.g.bus-busesbox-boxesbrush-brusheswatch-watches3、以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加-es.e.g.family-familiesfactory-factoriesparty-partiesdiary-diaries4、以f,fe结尾的,则变f,fe为v,再加-es.e.g.live-livesknife-kniveswife-wiveshalf-halvesleaf-leaves5、以辅音字母加o结尾的,加–s.e.g.hero-heroespotato-potatoestomato-tomatoes6、以元音字母加o结尾的,加–es.e.g.radio-radioszoo-zoosbamboo-bamboos7、有些词(含外来词)加-s.需记忆.e.g.photo-photospiano-pianosmemo-memoskilo-kilosGrammar\n名词的不规则变化，如下:1、变内部元音foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse-miceman-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemen2、单复数同形Chinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer-deerfish-fishsheep-sheep3、词尾加-enchild-childrenox-oxenGrammar\n名词后加-s的读音,如下:1、在清辅音后，读/s/lakesdesksmaps2、在浊辅音和元音后，读/z/dogsmachinesseasdrivers3、在/s,z,∫,t∫,dЗ/后，读/iz/glassesrosesdisheschurchespagesbridges4、在/t,d/后，读/ts,dz/partsbirdsstudentsseedsboatsfields注意：有些名词复数的发音，有变化。house/s/-houses/ziz/cloth/θ/-clothes/z/Grammar\n特殊的名词及变化1、有些名词加–s的形式表示种类。两条鱼是twofish，twofishes表示两种鱼。food是不可数名词，foods表示多种食物。people表示‘人’时，是复数名词。只能说twopeople,manypeople；‘一个人’不能说apeople,应该说aperson；apeople表示‘一个民族’，twopeoples表示‘两个民族’。2、有些以–f,-fe结尾的词，直接加-sroofsbeliefsroofshandkerchiefssafes有些以–f,-fe结尾的词，变–f,-fe为–ves或直接加-s皆可。dwarf–dwarfs/dwarvesscarf–scarfs/scarves3、复合名词的复数形式,一般是将主要部分变为复数。lookers-onpassers-bysons-in-lawbus-driversfootball-playersboy-studentsgirl-servantsGrammar\n由man或woman作为第一部分的复合名词，两个部分皆变复数menwriterswomendoctorsmencookswomensingers4、有些名词总是用复数形式。apairoftrousers/shoes/gloves/glasses/shorts/scissors/jeans5、单数集体名词可看作是一个整体，也可看作若干个体。familyclassgroupteampolicestaffcrowdaudience6、有些名词形式上是复数，却用作单数。maths(mathematics)newsmeanseconomicsphysics7、表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词，在作为一整体看待时，当作单数对待。Tenpoundsistooexpensiveforthispen.Twomilesisnotlong.Fifteenminutesisquiteenough.Threepoundsisnotsoheavy.Grammar\nChoosethecorrectnounsinthesentencesbelow.1)Idon’twear(trouser/trousers)toplayfootball.Iwear(short/shorts).2)Abicycleisaverycheap(mean/means)oftransport.3)Shecan’tseeverywell.Sheneeds(glass/glasses).4)Shewantstocuthishair.Sheneeds(scissor/scissors).5)weneedfour(people/persons)toplaythisgame.练习\nChoosethecorrectformoftheverb,singularorplural.e.g.BecauseIamgoodwithnumbers,mathematics(is/are)easyforme.1)Thenews(isn’t/aren’t)verygoodtoday.2)Threedays(is/aren’t)longenoughforagoodholiday.3)Haveyougotyourscissors?Mine(isn’t/aren’t)sharpenough.4)Englandalways(loses/lose)atbadminton.5)Phoneforataxi.Sixmiles(is/are)alongway.练习\nCompletethesentencesafterthemodel.Model:ourholidaylaststhreeweeks.Itisathree-weekholiday.Thegirlsare14yearsold.Theyare14-year-oldgirls.1)Thewomanis30.Sheisa___________________________.2)Theflightlastssixhours.Itisa_____________________________.3)Thebookhasgot200pages.Itisa______________________________.4)Theticketscosttwentyyuan.Theyare___________________________.5)ThisChinesecabbageweighsfivejin.Itisa______________________________.30-year-oldwomansix-hourflight200-pagebook20-yuanticketsfive-jinChinesecabbage练习\nRewritethesentencesandcorrecttheerrors.1)Thereisfivepersonsontheroom.2)Istheretwobusesnearaentrance?3)Thisboysovertherearemyfriend.4)Theyhasknifesandforkesinacoffeeshop.5)Aretherenostudentsofeconomicsinauniversity?6)Theyhasgotthreechildandnowanewbaby.7)Aoldwomenwantsadoubleroomsforthehotel.8)Isthisanyboxesonthekitchen?arefivepeopleinare/theThose/friendshaveknivesandforksany/thehave/childrenAnoldwoman/roomArethereanyboxesin…?练习\n改正下列句中的错误：Thereismanystudentsintheseschool.Ihaveverygoodmother.HisparentisChineses.Anyofmyfather’sfriendslivesinBeijing.Ohdear!Haven’tyougotsomemoneys?ThebankerandherwifelivesinLondon.WehaveaholidaysinAugust.Somepolicemenisverytall.arethisaparentsareChineseSomeanymoneylive\arelive练习\n冠词：是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。英语中冠词有三个，即定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。定冠词the相当于this或that，表示特指。定冠词the在元音音素前读/i/，在辅音音素前读//。如：Theairwasfullofbutterflies.Thebattlestartedonthemorningofthetwenty-fourth.不定冠词a,an相当于one,有单一的含义，有时也可指一类。a,an在含义上并无不同，只是a用于辅音音素前，读//；而an则用于元音音素前，读/n/。如：Armstrongisamanoffewwords.Weliveaboutanhourfromthecity.零冠词是名词前一种无形的冠词，即一般所说的不用冠词的场合。很多专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词都用零冠词。如：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Knowledgeispower.Grammar\n定冠词的用法：1、用于单数或复数名词，可数或不可数名词之前。表示特指。e.g.Theoldmanoverthereishisgrandfather.Thewaterishot.There’sabookonthedesk.Thebookismine.2、表示世界上独一无二的事物。e.g.Thesunislikeagreatballoffireinthesky.3、用在序数词、形容词最高级和方位名词前。e.g.Sundayisthefirstdayoftheweek?Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.4、与单数可数名词或某些形容词连用，表示一类。e.g.Thehorseisausefulanimal.theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor,thesick,theblindGrammar\n5、用于乐器名称前。e.g.thepiano,theviolin,theorgan6、用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。e.g.theworkingclass,theCommunistParty7、用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。e.g.theGreatWall,thePeople’sRepublicofChina,theUnitedNations8、用于表示江河、海洋、山脉、岛屿的名称前。e.g.theChangjiangRiver,thePacificOcean,theHimalayas9、用于姓氏的复数前，指一家人。e.g.theGreens,theBlacks10、用于固定词组和习惯用法中。e.g.Inthemiddle,inthemorning,tellthetruth,11、用于报刊、杂志、历史时期及其它名词前。e.g.TheTimes,theBible,ThePeople’sDaily,theStoneAgeGrammar\n不定冠词的用法：1、指一个或一种。e.g.Givemeapost-card.Agirlwantstoseeyou.AMissSmithcamejustnow.2、指一类。e.g.Aelephantismuchheavierthanahorst.Aknifeisanimportanttool.3、表示事物的单位数量。e.g.eighthoursaday,twiceamonth,fivedollarsakilo4、用于固定短语。e.g.haveabreak,inahurry,allofasuddenGrammar\n零冠词的用法：1、有些复数名词和不可数名词不是特指时，通常不用冠词。e.g.Ihadeggsforbreakfast.Helikestodrinkbeer.Thedeskismadeofwood.2、三餐前没有修饰词时，通常不用冠词。e.g.Whatdidyouhaveforlunch?3、在球类名词前。e.g.playbasketball,football,tennis4、在固定短语中。e.g.bybus,atnoon,gotoschool,inhospitalGrammar\nFillintheblankswitha,anorthe.What______beautifulhorseitis!Whendoes______sunsetinwinter?Iamgoingto______Philippinesnextmonth.Don’tforgettobuyme______T-shirt.Look,there’s______elephantwalkingdownthestreet.It’scheapertotake______busthantotake______taxi.Johnisstayingat______DragonHotel.EveryoneknowsKittyis______honestgirl.athetheaanaathean练习\nFillintheblankswitha,anorthe,wherenecessary.Igoto____schoolby____ferry.Whichpenislonger,_____blueoneor_____redone?Theyhave_____dinnerearlyintheevening._____Christiansusuallygoto_____churchonSundays.Haveyoueverseen_____realdragon?Theysenttheparcelby_____airmail.Jackisstayingwithhisauntin_____UnitedKingdom.Everyoneneeds_____food._____Himalayasare_____highestmountainrangeson_____earth.//thethe///a/the/Thethethe练习\nThatshopsells_____fruitand_____drinks.Fatherwentto_____bedquiteearlylastnight.Thedograninto_____school.Nooneknowshowdeep_____AtlanticOceanis.Whatsortof_____gamedoyoulikebetter,_____footballor_____basketball?Wecan’tlivewithout_____air.Peteris_____universitystudent.Thecompanygaveus_____wonderfuldinner.Selinagoestowordby_____samebuseverymorning.///thethe////aathe练习\n数词分基数词（cardinalnumbers）和序数词（ordinalnumbers）一、基数词（cardinalnumbers）1~12onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13~19-teenthirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen20~90-tytwentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety21~99twenty-onethirty-twoforty-threeninety-nine100201122onehundredtwohundredandoneonehundredandtwenty-one1,0001,53210,000100,000onethousandonethousandfivehundredandthirty-twotenthousandonehundredthousand1,000,0001,000,000,000onemilliononebillionGrammar\n二、序数词（ordinalnumbers）123first(1st)second(2nd)third(3rd)4~19基数词后加-thfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth20~90变-ty为-tiethtwentieththirtieth…….Ninetieth21~99十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词twenty-firstfifty-fourth…….ninety-ninth1001,0001,000,0001,000,000,000直接加-thonehundredthonethousandthonemillionthonebillionth2081,937只在个位数用序数词，其它用基数词。twohundredandeightonethousandninehundredandthirty-seventhGrammar\n用英语读出下列数字：1112267051，0984，56875，137425，7121，306，5272，032，67836，441，000900，745，0221，280，532，866练习onehundredandonetwohundredandtwenty-sixsevenhundredandfiveonethousandandninety-eightfourthousand,fivehundredandsixty-eightseventy-fivethousand,onehundredandthirty-sevenfourhundredandtwenty-fivethousand,sevenhundredandtwelveonemillion,threehundredandsixthousand,fivehundredandtwenty-seventwomillion,thirty-twothousand,sixhundredandseventy-eightthirty-sixmillion,fourhundredandforty-onethousandninehundredmillion,sevenhundredandforty-fivethousand,andtwenty-twoonebillion,twohundredandeightymillion,fivehundredandthirty-twothousand,eighthundredandsixty-six\n用基数词或序数词填空：1.The___________dayoftheyearisNewYear’sDay.2.There’sonly__________Sundayinaweek.3.July’sthe____________monthoftheyear.4.Threetimesfourequals____________.5.Thenumber195hasthreedigits.The_________digitisa‘nine’andthe________digitisa‘five’.6.NextWednesdayismyeleventhbirthday.ThatmeansI’llbe___________yearsoldbythen.firstoneseventhtwelvesecondthirdeleven练习\n7.I’vejustdonethefourthexercise,andamnowworkingonexercise__________.8.Teacher:Haveyouanyquestionsaboutthe_________chapter?Student:No.Ithinkchaptersixisquitesimple.9.Teacher:What’sfiveplusten?Student:It’s_____________,10.Manager:Howmanyticketsweresoldtoday?Clerk:Onethousand.Manager:Whosoldthelastone?Imeanthe________________ticket.Clerk:Judydid.fivesixthfifteenonethousandth练习\nWritedownthenounphrasesusingnumbersgiveninbrackets.e.g.bag(2)twobagsgirl(8)eightgirlsbike(3)__________________box(2)__________________bus(6)__________________carrot(4)________________case(2)__________________child(9)________________factory(12)______________foot(2)_________________glass(4)_________________house(5)________________knife(10)________________potato(15)_______________radio(8)_________________scarf(7)_________________watch(6)________________woman(20)_______________threebikestwoboxessixbusesfourcarrotstwocasesninechildrentwelvefactoriestwofeetfourglassesfivehousestenknivesfifteenpotatoeseightradiossevenscarvessixwatchestwentywomen练习\n介词(Preposition)介词在英语中十分活跃,介词与其后面的名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短评等组成介词短评，用于表示地点、时间、目的、方式、原因和伴随情况等.e.g.地点Judylivesinabeautifulhouse.时间Hehassportsinthemorning.目的I’monlydoingthisformybrother.方式Pleaseanswerinafewwords.原因Hefoughtoutofanger.伴随Sheissleeping,withthedooropen.介词后的部分称作介词宾语，当介词宾语为人称代词时，人称代词用宾格形式，介词短评常驻在句中作状语、定语或表语.e.g.状语JaneandTomoftencomeherewiththeirmother.定语Thewomanatthedoorisournewteacher.表语MrSmithisfromBritain.下面着重介绍常见的表示地点的介词：Grammar\n用适当的介词填空：Thechildrenswim______theriver.Thegirlsits__________hermotherandfather.Theteacherstands_____________________theblackboard.Theblackboardis__________theteacher.Allthefreshvegetablesherecome_______agreenhouse.I’mlost.Isthesupermarket_____theleft?Janeis______theChinesecoursetoo.Isthewallet______yourpocket?TheyhaveEnglishlessons______eightthirty.It’s9:10.Yes,it’sten______nine.inbetweenbefore/infrontofbehindfromononinatpast练习\n动词do的用法动词do既可以用作行为动词，也可以用作助动词。1、do作为行为动词时的意思相当于汉语的“做”“干”。e.g.HedoeswellinEnglish.Doitbyyourself!Whatdoyoudo?（注：第一个do是助动词；第二个do是行为动词）2、do作为助动词的主要用法是：A)在一般现在时中，帮助行为动词构成疑问句和否定句。e.g.Doyoulikethebook?Marydoesn’tstudyFrench.B)代替前面出现过的动词，以避免重复。e.g.Tomsingswell.Andhissisterdoes,too.Hewantstobuythatbook,andsohedoes.C)加强句子的语气，强调句中的主要动词。e.g.Dowritetomeandletmeknow.Hedoesknowaboutit.Grammar\n动词have的用法动词have表示“有”，第三人称单数形式是has.在口语中，have和has常与got连用：havegot=have/hasgot=hase.g.Ihavegot(=have)anewbicycle.Maryhasgot(=has)manygoodbooks.You’vegot(=have)shorthair.have还有一些其它意思,以后再学习.动词have在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中的用法.Grammar\nHave在肯定句中的用法主语肯定式缩略式IWeYouhave(got)’ve(got)TheyHeShehas(got)’s(got)Ite.g.*Susanhas(got)twoeldersisters.*You’ve(got)bigfeet.*They’ve(got)alargeclinic.*We’ve(got)threetelephoneinourhouse.Grammar\nHave在否定句中的用法have有两种否定句的形式:(1)在have或has后直接加not.(2)在have或has前加助动词don’t或doesn’t.主语否定式否定缩略式I/Wehavenot(got)haven’t(got)You/They/donothave/don’thaveHe/She/hasnot(got)hasn’t(got)It/doesnothave/doesn’thavee.g.*Ihaven’t(got)alotofstamps.(or:Idon'thavealotofstamps.)*MrSimpsonhasn’tgotaburningfever.(or:MrSimpsondoesn’thaveaburningfever.)Note:(1)若have/has不是“有”的意思,则只能用后一种否定形式.(2)用后一种否定形式时,不接got.Grammar\nHave在疑问句中的用法have有两种疑问形式:(1)把have或has放到主语的前面.(2)在主语的前面加助动词do或does.疑问式HaveI/We(got)DoYou/TheyhaveHasHe/She(got)DoesIthavee.g.*Haveyou(got)anewtaperecorder?--Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.*Doyouhaveanewtaperecorder?--Yes,Ido../No,Idon’t.Note:(1)若have/has不是“有”的意思,则只能用后一种疑问形式.(2)用后一种疑问形式时,不接got.Grammar\ntherebe结构Therebe结构表示“某地/某时存在某物”.有一般现在时中,就是thereis或thereare.therebe句型是倒装句.therebe后面的名词是主语.therebe是谓语.动词be必须与后面的主语保持一致.主语是单数时,用thereis.主语是复数时,用thereare.若be后面的主语是两个或两个以上的并列名词,be常和最近的一个主语在数上保持一致.e.g.Thereisabookonthedesk.Therearetwopensonthedesk.Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.一般情况下,Therebe句型常带有一个地点状语,多由介词短评充当.状语的位置我在句尾,有时为了强调也置于句首.Therebe的具体用法见下表.Grammar\ntherebe结构陈述句Thereisaletteronthedesk.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Thereareseverallettersonthedesk.缩略句There’saletteronthedesk.There’ssomemilkinthebottle.否定句Thereisnota(no)letteronthedesk.Thereisnotany(no)milkinthebottle.Therearenotany(no)lettersonthedesk..否定缩略式There’snot(isn’t)aletteronthedesk.There’snot(isn’t)anymilkinthebottle.Therearen’tanylettersonthedesk.疑问句Istherealetterothedesk?Isthereanymilkinthebottle?Arethereanylettersonthedesk?简略答句Yes,thereis.Yes,thereare.No,thereisn’t.No,therearen’t.提示:thereis表示在某地存在着某人或某物.thereare是thereis的复数形式.thereis可以接可数名词和不可数名词．thereare只能接复数的可数名词．Grammar\nI.Completethesesentencesusinghavegot.Thefirstisdoneforyou.(按示例,用havegot完成下列句子)1)Excuseme,haveyougotamatch,please?2)Ican‘tmeetyouthisevening.anEnglishlesson.3)----anyluggage?----twocases.4)----thetime,please?----Yes,it‘s6:30.5)Shecan‘tfillintheform.apen.6)PaulfriendsinLondon?练习\nII.Lookattheexamplebelow.Thefirstsentenceusesanimperativeandthesecondlinkedsentenceusesathere+bestructureinthepositiveform.按示例完成下列句子．第一句用祈使句，第二句用there+be句型的肯定式．eg.Tohurry/JohnHurry,John,There’sthebus.1)tonotworry/sir(Chineserestaurant)2)torunaway/children(dog/garden).3)todo/homework(exam/tomorrow).4)tonottake/taxi(buses/street).5)let/us/tomeet/Jane’sfriends(party/house).练习\n情态动词情态动词：表示说话人的语气和情态。本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词（原形）一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化。常用的情态动词有：can,may,must,need等。e.g.IcanspeakalittleEnglish.MayIcomein?Musthegonow?No,heneedn’t.Canhebeatthezooateighttomorrowmorning?Grammar\n情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后直接加not。情态动词的疑问句：直接将情态动词置于主语之前。回答一般疑问句时，要注意它们的对应关系。can---can’t(cannot,cannot)may---mustn’t(mustnot)must---needn’t(neednot)e.g.Canyoubereadyatfivethisafternoon?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.MayIlendthisbooktoothers?Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.(No,youmaynot.表示“你也可以不”)Musthecomeherebeforesix?Yes,hemust./No,heneedn’t.（No,hemustn’t.表示“他不许...”）Grammar\nmay和can都可表示请求或允许，在意义上比较接近。e.g.Can(May)Isithere?注意下面三句话在语气上的不同：Youcan’tsmokehere.(你不能在这儿抽烟。)Youmaynotsmokehere.(你不允许这儿抽烟。)Youmustn’tsmokehere.(你不许在这儿抽烟。)Grammar\ncan的过去式是could,may的过去式是mighte.g.HecouldspeakFrenchfluentlywhenhewasyoung.Youmightseealotofpigeonshereinthepast.注意：could和may常常用表示更客气、委婉的语气。e.g.Couldyouhelpme,please?MightIseeyouforamoment?Grammar\nbeableto与can在意思上相近，但可用于多种时态。e.g.YouwillbeabletospeakEnglishverywellsoon.Ihavebeenabletodealwithsuchathingbymyself.haveto与must在意思上相近，但可用于多种时态。e.g.You’llhavetochooseonlyoneofthem.Hesaidhehadtoworkfrommorningtillnightinthepast.注意：beableto和haveto都不是情态动词。e.g.Sheisabletodressherselfnow.Youdon’thavetofinishtheworktoday.Grammar\ncan,may,must都可以表示猜测。e.g.Hecan’tbeinBeijingnow.Isawhimjustnow.Canitbeyou?Askhim.Hemayknowheraddress.Ihaven’tseenhimforafewdays.Hemayhavegonebacktohishometown.Afteralongwalk,youmustbeverytired.Thelightoftheroomisoff.Theremustbenobodyintheroom.Grammar\n一、用can（can’t）,may,must,mustn’t,needn’t填空：1.Thispencilisveryshortnow,butI_______stilluseit.2.________Igooutandplaybasketball,mum?No,you________finishyourhomeworkfirst.3._______yougotothecinemawithmeonTuesdayafternoon?I’msorryI_________.I’mgoingtoplaytennisthen.4.________youanswerthisquestion?Sorry,I_______.5.Alan:________IwatchTVthisevening,Mum?Mum:Yes,you_______.Butyou______finishyourexercisesfirst.Alan:Allright._____Iwritedownallthenewwordsinthislesson?Mum:No,you________,butyou_______writedownallthenewwordstoday.You______writedowntheoldonestomorrow.canMaymustCancan’tCancan’tMaymaymustMustneedn’tmustmay练习\n6.________Ileaveschoolnow?No.You__________cleantheclassroomfirst.7.It’stimeforclass.You_________stopplayingbasketball.You_________belateforclass.8.________theyanswerquestionsinRussian?No,they________.They________answertheminChinese.9.________youbeatthezoobeforenine?No,I________.10.A:________youanswerthequestioninEnglish?B:Sorry,I_________.________IansweritinChinese?A:No,you_________.Butyou_______answeritinJapanese.11.A:________webebackbeforeseventhisevening?B:No,you___________.You________comehereateight.MaymustmustmayMustneedn’tmayCancan’tCancan’tMaymustn’tmayMustneedn’tmay练习\n12.A:_________yourbrotherskate?B:No,he__________.Buthe__________swim.A:Who__________skatewell?B:Tom’ssister__________.13.A:Excuseme.__________Ilookatyourexercise-book?I__________dothisexercise.B:Sorry,you__________.You__________thinkitover.14.A:HeworkshardatEnglish.Sohe__________speakitwell.B:__________hisfriendspeakEnglish,too?A:No,he__________.Buthe__________speakRussianwell.15.A:__________________Ialwaysgosoearly?B:Ofcourse.You_______________.Cancan’tcancancanMaycan’tmustn’tmustcanCancan’tcanMay/Mustmay/must练习\n16.A:__________Iaskyousomequestions?B:Yes,you________.Butyou__________waitaminute.I’mwritingaletterandI________finishit.17.A:MybrotherandIhavealotofinterestingbooks.Ioftenreadthem.B:______________Iborrowthisbookfromyou?A:Certainly.Hereyouare.Butit’smybrother’s.B:Howlong______________Ikeepit?A:Fivedays.B:______________IkeepitalittlelongerifI_________finishitintime?A:Yes,you_____________.Butyou__________lendittoothers.MaymaymustmustCan/Maycan/mayCan/Maycan’tcan/maymustn’t练习\n二、选择适当的情态动词填空：1.What_____Idoforyou?A.mustB.canC.mayD.need2._____Irenewthebook?No,you_____.A.May…mustn’tB.Need…can’tC.Can…needn’tD.Must…mustn’t3.You_____cleanyourclassroomnow.you_____cleanitafterclass.A.maynot…mustB.can’t…needC.needn’t…mayD.mustn’t…must4.Tom_____speakJapanese.He_____onlyspeakEnglish.A.mustn’t…can’tB.can’t…canC.needn’t…mustD.may…can5._____Jackfinishtheworkintwodays?No,he_____.A.Need…mustn’tB.Can…mustn’tC.May…can’tD.Must…needn’tBACBD练习\n形容词和副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1、原级，即原形，如：big（大的）2、比较级，表示“更…一些”或“比较…”的意思，如：bigger（更大，比较大）3、最高级，表示“最”的意思，如：biggest（最大）。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成：一、规则变化：1、单音节和部分双音节词，在词尾加-er或-est。2、大部分双音节词和多音节词，在其前面加more或most。具体见下表：Grammar\n构成方法原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er或-est以字母结尾的，加-r或-st以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写这一字母，再加-er或-est以辅音字母加y结尾的，先把y变成i，再加-er或-est单音节词和部分双音节词双音节词和多音节词在形容词、副词前加more或most。tall,long,taller,longertallest,longestnice,latenicer,laternicest,latestbig,thinbigger,thinnerbiggest,thinnesthappyheavyhappierheavierhappiestheaviestbeautifulcarefulexpensiveinterestingdangerousmorebeautifulmorecarefulmoreexpensivemoreinterestingmoredangerousGrammarmostbeautifulmostcarefulmostexpensivemostinterestingmostdangerous\n二、不规则变化：（需记忆）原形比较级最高级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittleoldfarbetterworsemorelessolderelderfartherfurtherbestworstmostleastoldesteldestfarthestfurthestGrammar\nGrammar用法：(一)原级1、是形容词和副词的基本形式，用来描述人物或动作。e.g.Johnisatallboy.Ourcountryisbeautifulandstrong.Rabbitsrunfast.2、用于原级比较。表示两者在某一方面程度相同，用“as+形容词（副词）原形+as”的句型。表示甲在某一方面不及乙时，用“notas(so)+形容词（副词）原形+as”的句型。e.g.JoanisjustascarefulasKate.TomwalksasfastasMike.It’snotas(so)warmtodayasyesterday.Hedidn’tcomeas(so)earlyasWanglin.\nGrammar(二)比较级用来比较两个人或两个物。句型是(1)…比较级+than…(2)…比较级(特殊疑问句)，…or…e.g.Ahorseisheavierthanasheep.Hernailsarelongerthanmine.Theboyrunsfasterthanhiselderbrother.Whoismorecareful,RoseorMary?Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.Shewritesbetterthananyoneelseinherclass.注意：在形容词、副词的比较级前，可以用much,alittle,still,even等来修饰。e.g.MikeismuchtallerthanTom.MayIkeepthisbookalittlelonger?LittleJamesisevenstrongerthanhisfather.\n(三)最高级用来比较三个或三个以上的人或物。一般都带有一个由of或in构成的表示范围的介词短语。e.g.Thiselephantistheheaviestoneinthezoo.Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?Thesunisthebiggestofthethree.Davidisthecleverestboyinhisclass.Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.Whoworks(the)hardest,Tom,JackorMike?Shesings(the)bestofusfour.Lesson10isthemostdifficultinBookI.注意：形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the，副词最高级可有可无。Grammar\n补充：1、类似slowly,lively这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅音字母加y结尾，但这里的-ly是表示副词的后缀，因此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加more/most.2、比较级句中的than和原级比较句型as…as中的第二个as都是连词，引导一个比较（方式）状语从句。e.g.Thisbookisbetterthanthatone(is).HespeaksEnglishaswellashisteacher(does).MaryistallerthanI(am).[口语中也可用me]3、用and把相同的两个比较级连接起来，表示“越来越...”。e.g.biggerandbiggerwarmerandwarmermoreandmorebeautifulGrammar\n一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级形式：carelessyoungenthusiasticuglybravebadgenerouseasygooddangerouscheaplittlepollutedbeautifullivelypatientwidenoisyeffectivecoolhelpfulwarmbigcharmingwetheavyfrightenedlightlatehotfatbusyhungrysadfinecomfortable练习\n二、用括号内形容词的适当等级填空：1.Tom’shandwritingis________thanMike.Hishandwritingis____________inhisclass.(good)2.Yourruleris________thanmine,butmineis________thanhers.Whoseruleris____________ofthethree.(long)3.LiPingspeaksEnglish_______.WuDongspeaksEnglish_________thanLiPing.WeiFangspeaksEnglish___________ofthethree.(well)4.Katecomestoschool_________.Sometimesshecomestoschool________________thanJoan.ButTomcomes____________thanKate.Heisalways_______________ofthethree.(early)betterthebestlongerlongerthelongestwellbetterthebestearlytheearliestearliertheearliest练习\n5.Thesunis_______(big)thantheearth.Theearthis________(big)thanthemoon.Thesunis___________(big)ofthethree.Themoonis____________(small).6.Sheisnowmuch_________(happy)thanshewasthreeyearsago.7.Thispictureis_________________(beautiful)thanthatone,butitis__________________(expensive).8.Thistextisabit_________________(difficult)thanthatone.9.Nowwespeak________(much)Englishthanwedidlastyear.10.Howisyourmother?Isshe________(well)thantwoweeksago?Idon’tthinkso.I’mafraidshe’sabit_______(bad).11.Whichdoyoulike__________(well),water,teaormilk?Iliketea_______(well).biggerbiggerthebiggestthesmallesthappiermorebeautifulmoreexpensivemoredifficultmorebetterworsebestbest练习\n12.Youlookmuch_________(young)thanyouare.Thankyou.I’mvery_______(glad)tohearthat.13.Arethingsontheearthas______(heavy)astheyareonthemoon?No,theyaremuch________(heavy)ontheearththantheyareonthemoon.14.TheChangjiangRiveris______________(long)riverinChina.TheYellowRiverisnotas_______(long)astheChangjiangRiver.15.DoesWuMingworkas___________(carefully)asWangHai?Idon’tthinkso.WangHaiworks______________(carefully)thanWuMing.16.Thisquestionis_________________(difficult)thantheothertwo.Itis_____________________(difficult)ofthethree.youngergladheavyheavierthelongestlongcarefullymorecarefullymoredifficultthemostdifficult练习\n17.Physicsisoneof__________________(difficult)subjectsforus,butitisvery_____________(interesting).18.ThisTVsetis_________(big)thanalltheothersanditis_________________(expensive).19.BeihaiParkisoneof_____________________(beautiful)parksinBeijing.20.Mikedraws_____________(slowly)thanTomandJohn,buthedraws__________(well).21.Whoworks__________(hard),KateorMary?22.Mymodelplaneis_________(light)thanyours,anditflies________(fast).themostdifficultinterestingbiggermoreexpensivethemostbeautifulmoreslowlybetterharderlighterfaster练习\n23.Thatwasoneof___________________(interesting)filmsofthatyear.24.Thispicturelooks__________(good)thanthatoneandit’salsoalittle___________(cheap).25.Heisalittle__________(thin)thanyou,butjustas__________(strong)asyou.26.HowisPetertoday?Ishe__________(well)thanyesterday?No.He’salittle__________(bad),I’mafraid.27.MrLiisas________(busy)asabee.Heisthe_________(busy)maninhisoffice.28.Thereis_________(much)meatinthisshopthaninthatone.themostinterestingbettercheaperthinnerstrongbetterworsebusybusiestmore练习\n三、选择正确答案：1.Laurais___________thanEsther.A.alazyB.lazierC.laziestD.lazy2.Whichis__________,CocaColaorbeer?A.atastierB.amosttastyC.thetastyD.tastier3.Sheis__________thanheis.A.strongerB.thestrongestC.strongD.thestronger4.Thisstereosounds_________thanthatone.A.thebestB.goodC.betterD.well5.Playingsquash(壁球)is_______thanplayinggolf.A.themostexcitingB.excitingC.moreexcitingD.mostexcitingBDACC练习\n6.Ihave_______friendsthanshehas.A.afewB.morefewC.fewD.fewer7.Itis_______toopenacanwithoutacanopener.A.difficultB.adifficultC.themostdifficultD.moredifficult8.________timeoftheyearisduringsummer.(humid潮湿的)A.ThemorehumidB.ThemosthumidC.HumidD.Mosthumid9.Oilisa________liquidthanwater.A.thickerB.thickestC.morethickD.mostthick10.Diamondsare__________jewels.A.amostpreciousB.themostpreciousC.preciousD.themorepreciousDABAC练习\n11.Iseverythingonthemoon_______itisontheearth?A.mostlighterB.muchlighterC.lighterD.aslightas12.Manypeoplethinkmathsis_____ofallthesciences.A.themostimportantB.mostimportantC.moreimportantD.muchmoreimportant13.Iamnot_____atphysicsasyouare.A.goodB.asgoodC.wellD.better14.Fatheralwaysgetsup____inourfamily,butthismorningIgotup______thanhe.A.earlier/earlierB.earliest/earliestC.earliest/earlierD.earlier/earliestDABC练习\n15.DoesTomwrite____inyourclass?A.carefullyB.morecarefullyC.mostcarefullyD.ascarefullyas16.Isthatbook______thanthisone?Idon’tthinkso.Itisjust_______thisone.A.moreinterestingB.asinterestingas17.Isthehorse_______theelephant?No.Theelephantismuch______thanthehorse.A.strongerB.asstrongas18.Aretheflowersontheright_____thantheonesontheleft?No.Theyarejust_____theonesontheleft.A.asbeautifulasB.morebeautifulCABBABA练习\n祈使句(Imperative)祈使句是表示请求、鼓励、建议、命令和警告的句子.祈使句通常不用主语，以动词原形开头，一般用降调朗读.e.g.haveaniceday!Dowhatyoulike!Listentome,please!Bequiet!祈使句的否定式是在动词原形前加构成.或用否定词never.e.g.Don’ttakethepenaway!Don’tbesoslow!Neverbelateforschoolagain!若要加强祈使句的语气，可在动词原形前加do.e.g.Docomeroundtomyhouse!Dowritetome!Dobecareful!Grammar\n祈使句(Imperative)**还有另外一种祈使句，用Let开头.e.g.Let’sgotoschooltogether!Lethimhaveanothertry!这种祈使句的否定形式是：Let…not…!e.g.Let’snotwastetime!Lethimnotcomeagain!Note:Letus=Let’s祈使句一般省略主语，但有时为了指明是对谁提出的请求和命令，主语也可以表示出来.e.g.Youbringmeahammer!Nobodymove!=Youdon’tmove!Grammar\n祈使句有下列用法：a.Offerse.g.Haveacigarette.No,tryoneofmine.b.Invitationse.g.Comeandsitdown.c.Instructionse.g.Taketwotabletswithaglassofwater.d.Suggestionse.g.Enjoyyourself.Relax.Havefun.e.Warningse.g.Don’tclimbonthewall,Peter.请归纳下列祈使句的用法：1.Havesomemoretea.It’sstillhot.2.Pleasecomeinandtakeoffyourcoat.3.Putthegreenteainthelargebox,andtheblackteainthesmallone.4.Don’tswiminthesea,Peter!Therearesharks.5.Comeandvisitusthisweekend.6.Goandenjoyyourselves.7.Cookthechickeninwater,thenputinvegetables.8.Dohavesomemore.It’sverynice.9.John.Don’tdothet!It’sdangerous.10.There’sapartyonSaturdaynight.Pleasecome.abcebdcaeb练习\n感叹句感叹句的构成一般有两种形式：一种是以How开头的句子，另一种是以What开头的句子.基本结构如下：1.How…How+形容词+主谓结构（可以省略）！e.g.Howbeautiful(theflowersare)!How+副词+主谓结构！e.g.Howfasttheruns!How+主谓结构！e.g.Howtimeflies!2.What…What+名词单数+主谓结构（可以省略）！e.g.Whataplace(itis)!What+名词复数+主谓结构（可以省略）！e.g.Whatpictures(theyare)Grammar\nWhat+带有形容词修饰的名词+主谓结构（可以省略）！e.g.Whatlovelychildren(theyare)!Whatexcitingnews(itis)!Whatniceweather(itis)!Whatawonderfulday(itis)!*感叹句还可以由一个词、一个词组或一个其它类型的句子构成：e.g.Wonderful!Alovelyplace!Youarehere!Whydon’tyougothere!Grammar\n把下面的句子改写为感叹句：Ourcountryisbecomingverybeautiful.Wearehavingawonderfulholiday.Thenewcoatisquiteexpensive.Youareholdingniceflowers.Tomisacleverboy.Youareanearlybird.Howbeautifulourcountryisbecoming!Whatawonderfulholidaywearehaving!Howexpensivethenewcoatis!Whatniceflowersyouareholding!WhatacleverboyTomis!Whatanearlybirdyouare!练习\n句子：句子是包含主语和谓语部分的一组词。它有一定的语法结构和语调，用以表达一个比较完整的独立的概念。按用途，句子可分为四个种类：一、陈述句：用以陈述事实。包括肯定句和否定句。e.g.Theroseisacommonflower.Idon’tcarewhatshethinks.二、疑问句：用以提出问题。有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。e.g.Yourfriendisadoctor,isn’the?Whenshallwemeetagain?三、祈使句：用以表示命令、请求等。e.g.Don’texpecthimtodoit.Lethimhaveatry.四、感叹句：用以表示各种强烈的感情。e.g.Howwonderfulthefilmis!Whatanexcitingdaywearehaving!Grammar\n按结构，句子可分为三种。一、简单句：由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成。e.g.Hewillcomeheretohelpme.IfeelgoodinthisT-shirt.二、并列句：由两个或两个以上的分句组成。通常用并列连词(and,but,or,so,yet等)连接。e.g.Henryprefersstrawberrypie,buthiswifealwaysbakesapplepie.Hisbikebrokedownonthewaytoschool,sohewaslate.三、复合句：含有从句的句子。e.g.Imusthurrytodepositthismoneybeforethebankcloses.Theteacherthought(that)TomEdisonwasverystupid.WhatIwantisapairofglasses.Grammar\n简单句的结构：一、主语+谓语e.g.Daybroke.I’mspeaking.二、主语+谓语+宾语e.g.Ilikepopmusic.HeisstudyingEnglish.三、主语+连系动词+表语e.g.TonyandIarebothgoodswimmers.Shelooksfinetoday.四、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（双宾语）e.g.Heaskedmeaquestion.Wouldyoupleasegivemeapieceofpaper?五、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（复合宾语）e.g.Ifoundthisbookeasy.Weoftenhearhimsing.Grammar\n从句：由一个关联词引导，在句子中充当一个成分。不能独立存在。句子中需要有主语和谓语部分。主句：句子的主体叫主句。用作主语的从句叫主语从句。e.g.Whowillgothereisreallyaproblem.用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。e.g.Idon’tknowwhathisnameis.用作定语的从句叫定语从句。e.g.Themanwhowasherejustnowisapainter.用作表语的从句叫表语从句。e.g.ThetroubleisIhavelosthisaddress.用作状语的从句叫状语从句。e.g.HehaslivedinLondonsincehewasachild.Grammar\n状语从句：在复合句中充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，一般放在句首或句末。从句在句首时，主句和从句之间常用逗号隔开。根据表达的意思的不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较（方式）和条件状语从句等。Grammar\n一、时间状语从句：说明主句中谓语所表示的动作的时间。由when,before,after,assoonas,as,while,since,until等连词引导。e.g.Wasitrainingwhenyoucametoschoolyesterday?He’llphoneyouwhenhegetstoBeijing.Wheredidyourbrotherstudybeforehejoinedthearmy?IwenttobedaftertheTVplaywasover.I’llgivethenotetohimassoonasIseehim.Intheevening,myfatherusuallyreadsnewspaperswhilemymotherdoesthehousework.Ashewaswaiting,hesuddenlyheardavoicebehindhim.I’velivedheresinceIwasborn.Iwillnotgotobeduntilyoucomeback.Grammar\n二、原因状语从句：在主句中用来表示原因的状语从句称作原因状语从句。主要的引导词是because,as及since。e.g.Theswimmingpoolwon’topentodaybecausetheyarechangingthewater.AsIamverybusynow,Icannotgoforawalkwithyou.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.Grammar\n三、条件状语从句：在主句中表示条件的状语从句称作条件状语从句。由if,unless引导。e.g.Iftheweatherisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothecountry.Hewon’tfinishhisworkintimeunlessheworkshard.I’llgowithyoutothemuseumthisafternoonifI’mfree.Dotellmeatonceifyougetsomethingnew.注意：在时间、条件状语从句中，用现在时表示将来。Grammar\n完成下列各句：1.IjoinedtheYoungPioneers________________________________.(我七岁的时候)2.Shewantstobeanurse___________________.（她长大以后）3.Theteacherexplainsthetext________________________________.（学生读课文之前）4.Youmustthinkcarefully____________________.（你发言之前）5.Iwenthome________________________.（电影完了以后）whenIwassevenyearsoldaftershegrowsupbeforethestudentsreadthetextbeforeyouspeakafterthefilmwasover练习\n6.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom___________________.（铃响了以后）7.Iwilltellheraboutit___________________.（我一看到她）8.Thefilmbegan_________________________________.（我们一到电影院）9.Cometomyoffice__________________________.（如果你有问题要问的话）10.Youwon’tbeabletocatchthetrain___________________.（如果你不赶快的话）afterthebellrangassoonasIseeherassoonaswegottothecinemaifyouhavequestionstoaskifyoudon’thurry练习\n11.Mygrandfatherstartedtoworkforhisliving___________________________.(当他只有十岁的时候)12.______________________(我抄完课文以后),Ididmylessonsforthenextday.13.Myaunthaslivedinthisvillage____________________.(自从她结婚以来)14.Allthepupilssatquietlyandwaitedfortheirteacher_______________________.(一打铃)15.TheGermanfriendshavebeentoquiteafewinterestingplaces________________________.(自从他们来到中国)whenhewasonlytenyearsoldAfterIcopiedthetextsinceshemarriedassoonasthebellrangsincetheycametoChina练习\n16.Pleasecomeandjoinusinthetabletennismatch_______________________.(如果你明天有空)17.Peterwon’tgotoseethefilm_____________________________.(因为他把票丢了)18.ComradeWuwon’tbeabletodotheresearchwork____________________________.(因为他已经去北京了)19.Theshipwillsetoffforthenorthtomorrowmorning_________________________.(如果天不下雨的话)20.Shesangasong____________________________.(在她结束报告之前)ifyouarefreetomorrowbecausehehaslosthisticketbecausehehasgonetoBeijingifitdoesn’traintomorrowbeforeshefinishedherreport练习\n21.Thelightwentout___________________________.(正当我们吃晚饭时)22.______________________(既然大家都到了),let’sbeginthemeeting.23.Youwon’tbeabletocatchthetrain____________________.(如果不赶紧)24.Hewon’tgotoseethefilm_________________________.(因为他看过两遍了)25.__________________(太阳下山以前),wegottotheseashore.whenwewerehavingsupperSinceeveryoneishereifyoudon’thurrybecausehehasseentwiceBeforethesunset练习\n用because,when,if,after连接下列每对句子。1.Doyourexercisemorecarefully.Youwon’tmakesomanymistakes.2.Hewon’thavetobuythebookonradio.Hisfriendhassenthimone.3.Youwillarriveearly.Youwillgetaseat.4.Hewasslow.Hecouldnotcatchupwithyou.5.Hestayedinthecountry.Hemadefriendswithmanypeasantboys.6.Ireadthestory.Iwenttobed.7.Youwouldfindoutthemistake.Youlookedcarefull6y.8.She’slivedinShanghaifortenyears.Sheknowstheplacequitewell.Ifyoudoyourexercisemorecarefully,youwon’tmakesomanymistakes.Hewon’thavetobuythebookonradiobecausehisfriendhassenthimone.Ifyouarriveearly,youwillgetaseat.Hecouldnotcatchupwithyoubecausehewasslow.Whenhestayedinthecountry,hemadefriendswithmanypeasantboys.AfterIreadthestory,Iwenttobed.Youwouldfindoutthemistakeifyoulookedcarefull6y.SheknowsShanghaiquitewellbecauseshe’slivedintheplacefortenyears.练习\nThePresentSimpleTense一般现在时用法：表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态．常和always,often,usually,everyday,sometimes等表示时间的状语连用．动词一般用原形.第三人称单数做主语时，动词用第三人称单数形式．注意：be动词在一般现在时中的形式是am,is,are.例如：Thebookisveryinteresting.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Heoftencomestoworklate.Igotoschooleverymorning.构成：1.肯定式2.否定式3.疑问式（可分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）Grammar\n第三人称单数形式：在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词用第三人称单数形式,即加-s的形式.具体方法如下：1.一般情况下，直接加-se.g.worksplaysrainssees2.以sh,ch,o结尾的加-ese.g.washesteachesdoesgoes3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的，先把‘y’改成‘i’,再加-ese.g.studiesfliescarries注意:动词加-s以后的读音.Grammar\n动词加-s后的读音1.在清辅音后，发清辅音/s/e.g.workslikesdips2.在浊辅音和元音后，发浊辅音/z/e.g.drivescleansplays3.在/s//z////t//d/后，发/iz/e.g.riseswishesteaches4.在/t//d/后，发/ts//dz/e.g.fitssetsneeds3Grammar\nVerbtoworkIYouworkHeSheworksItWeYouworkThey肯定式VerbtobeIamYouareHeSheisItWeYouareTheyGrammar\nNote：1.非正式文体中，donot,doesnot常缩写为don’t,doesn’t.2.加了does后，句中的谓语动词用原形.否定式动词be的否定形式是在be后加not，行为动词的否定形式是在动词前加助动词donot或doesnot.VerbtobeIamnotYouarenotHeSheisnotItWeYouarenotTheyVerbtoworkIYoudonotworkHeShedoesnotworkItWeYoudonotworkTheyGrammar\nNote：1.回答时，可用简略回答.e.g.Areyouaworker?Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.Dotheywork?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.2.加了does后，句中的谓语动词用原形一般疑问句:用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句.若句中的动词是be，则将be提至主语前.若句中的动词是行为动词，则在主语前加do或does.VerbtobeAmIAreyouheIssheitweAreyoutheyVerbtoworkIDoyouworkheDoessheworkitweDoyouworktheyGrammar\n特殊疑问句：就句中某一部分提问的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句.特殊疑问句的构成是：疑问词+一般疑问句（提问主语或主语的一部分时除外）回答时，要根据具体情况进行回答.主要疑问词有：who,whose,whom,what,which,when,where,why,how等.e.g.Whereishefrom?HeisfromChina.Whendoyouwork?Iworkinthemorning.Whatdoeshelike?HelikesEnglish.WhoteachesyouEnglish?MrWang.WhichcoatisJohn’s?Theblueone.Whyisn’tshehere?Becausesheisill.Howoldareyou?Twenty-one.Who(Whom)doyouhelp?Ihelpmysister.Note：whom是who的宾格形式，现已逐渐被所取代.但正式文体中仍使用whomGrammar\nI、用括号里动词的一般现在时填空.例如：Heloves(love)hisparents.1.I_______(like)applesandoranges.2.We______(play)withourtoysintheevening.3.she_________(watchTVeveryday.4.Jimmy______(stay)athomeatweekends.5.Birds_____(fly).6.MrsGreen________(teach)mysisterEnglish.7.Weoften____(see)thatoldmantakinghisbirdsforawalk.8.I_______(clean)mycareverySaturday.9.Theyalways______(listen)attentivelytotheirteacher.10.Thatmagazine____(say)thatlemonisgoodforyourskin.11.Themoon_____(go)roundtheearth.12.Kittyalways______(try)hard,butshestilldoesnotgetgoodmarks.likeplaywatchesstaysflyteachesseecleanlistensaysgoestries语法练习\nII、把下列句子变成缩略式的否定句.例如：Hesellswatches.Hedoesn’tsellwatches.1.Tomlookswelltoday.2.Wendylikeschocolateverymuch.3.JackgoestoworkonSaturdays.4.TheyknowhowtospeakFrench.5.Boysalwaysrunfasterthangirls.6.ThathatbelongstoMrDavis.7.TheJonesesliveinMalaysia.8.Judyoftenargueswithherbrotheroversmallthings.9.HeworksinAberdeen.10.Weenjoysingingalot.语法练习\nKey:1.Tomdoesn’tlookwelltoday.2.Wendydoesn’tlikechocolatesverymuch.3.Jackdoesn’tgotoworkonSaturdays.4.Theydon’tknowhowtospeakFrench.5.Boysdon’talwaysrunfasterthengirls.6.Thathatdoesn’tbelongtoMrDavis.7.TheJonesesdon’tliveinMalaysia.8.Judydoesn’toftenarguewithherbrotheroversmallthings.9.Hedoesn’tworkinAberdeen.10.Wedon’tenjoysingingalot.\nIII、把下列句子变成肯定句.例如：Mymotherdoesn’tlikevegetables.Mymotherlikesvegetables.1.Boysdon’tplayalot.2.Georgedoesn’tknowhowtouseacomputer.3.Myparentsdon’tlookveryhappytoday.4.Thatskirtdoesn’tfitmewell.5.Josiedoesn’tsitnexttoMaryinartlessons.Myparentslookveryhappytoday.Georgeknowshowtouseacomputer.Boysplayalot.Thatskirtfitsmewell.JosiesitsnexttoMaryinartlessons.语法练习\nIV、把下列句子变成疑问句,然后对问题做出简略回答.例如：Itoftenrainsinthedesert.(No)Doesitoftenraininthedesert?No,itdoesn’t.Youlikenoodles.(Yes)Doyoulikenoodles?Yes,Ido.1.Susanalwayspaysherbillsontime.(Yes)2.Mostpeopledrivetowork.(No)3.JackgoestochurchonSundays.(Yes)4.Theweatherreportsaysthattherewillbeatyphoonsoon.(No)5.Dogseatbones.(Yes)6.UncleJosephlikescars.(No)7.MrsGreenteachesmath.(Yes)8.PeterspeaksFrenchwell.(Yes)9.Healwaysgetsuplate.(No)10.Tonyenjoysholidays.(No)语法练习\nKey:1.DoesSusanalwayspayherbillsontime?Yes,shedoes.2.Domostpeopledrivetowork?No,theydon’t.3.DoesJackgotochurchonSundays?Yes,hedoes.4.Doestheweatherreportsaythattherewillbeatyphoonsoon?No,itdoesn’t.5.Dodogseatbones?Yes,theydo.6.DoesUncleJosephlikecars?No,hedoesn’t.7.DoesMrsGreenteachMaths?Yes,shedoes.8.DoesPeterspeakFrenchwell?Yes,hedoes.9.DoesHealwaysgetuplate?No,hedoesn’t.10.DoesTonyenjoyholidays?No,hedoesn’t.\nV、Inthisexercise,puttheverbintothecorrectfrom.（按示例，用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空.）eg.Waterboils(boil沸腾)at100degreecentigrade.Peterdoesnotgo(not/go)toJapanoften.Doyouspeak(you/speak)Chinese?1)Theclass________(begin)at9.00and______(end结束)at10.00everyday.2)Whattime________________(theshops/open)inBritain?3)IhavefriendsinBeijing,butI__________(not/see)themoften.4)“Where_______________(Kate/come)from?”“She___(be)fromAustralia.”5)PeterandHenry________(not/be)fromChina,butthey______(work)inBeijing.endsbeginsdon’tseedotheshopsopenarenotdoesKatecomeiswork语法练习\nVI、Readthetext.PuttheverbsinbracketsintothePresentSimpleTense,andunderlinetheindefinitearticleaandan.(阅读短文，用一般现在时填空.）James_______(bring)threefriendshome.They_____(meet)hissister.She____(be)anengineerand_______(work)inafactory.She_____(talk)toJohnandthenhe_____(meet)herfamily.John___(be)anAustralian,buthe___________(not/live)there.JohnandAndrew____(be)doctors.Andrew____(be)thefatherofJames.James_________(introduce)hismotherandbrother.She____(be)ateacherandhe____(be)astudent.He_______(study)Frenchforandhoureachweek.BrianandTom_____(be)theretoo.They_______(know)Brian,butthey___________(not/know)Tom.Brian____(be)anAmericanandhe_____(come)fromNewYork.meetdon’tknowtalksworksisbringsareismeetsdoesnotlivestudiesintroducesisisiscomesareisknow语法练习\nVII.用方框里的词填空.WhichWhoWhereWhenWhat1.childisthelaziestinyourfamily？2.isJack’stelephonenumber？3.isgrandmothercomingtoseeus？4.iscalling？5.arethosebirdsflyingto？6.areyougoingtotheairport？7.ofthesetwomovieswouldyouliketosee？8.brokethevase？9.isthedifferencebetweenthesetwopictures？10.wereyoulastSaturday？语法练习WhatWhenWhichWhoWhereWhenWhichWhoWhatWhere\nVIII.用疑问词开头，就划线部分提问，其中有些疑问词已经给出.e.g.Petervisitshiscousinonceaweek.（Howoften）HowoftendoesPetervisithiscousin？Thenexttrainwillarriveinfiveminutes.Whenwillthenexttrainarrive？1.Thatgirlinschooluniformis14yearsold.（Howold）2.Thattallboyismybrother.3.AliceisstudyinginAustralianow.4.Thedogisbarkingbecauseitishungry.5.Theyellowcarismorebeautiful.6.Thenextclassbeginsat1：30p.m.（Whattime）7.Thatoldladyisdoinghermorningexercises.8.Johnlikesseeingactionfilms.（Whattypeof）9.ThatisJack‘sT-shirt.10.Thattableis180cmlong.（Howlong）语法练习\n现在进行时用法：1.表示此刻正在进行的动作。e.g.I’mwashingmyhairnow.2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作。e.g.WearelearningBookIInow.构成：be+doing(现在分词)[be是助动词，随着人称的变化而变化]Grammar\n现在分词的构成：一、一般情况，直接加–inge.g.sing–singingwork–workingwatch–watchingeat–eatinggo–goingsay–saying二、以不发音的e结尾的动词，要先去掉e,再加–inge.g.write–writinggive–givingmove–movinghave–havingtake–takingdrive–drivingride–ridinghide–hiding三、以重读闭音节结尾、且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写最后一个字母，再加–inge.g.win–winningsit–sittingswim–swimmingbegin–beginningforget–forgettingput–puttingdig–diggingrun--running四、以ie结尾的动词，要把ie改为y，再加–inge.g.lie–lyingdie–dyingtie--tyingGrammar\n把下列句子翻译成汉语，注意现在进行时的用法：Tomiscountingthemoney.MrRichardsiscleaninghisteeth.Mymotherisnotshuttingthewindow,sheismakingthebed.Thecatisdrinkingitsmilk.Amy’sfriendsaresweepingthefloor.Timissharpeningapencil,whilehisfatherisreadingamagazine.I’mlookingformyglasses.Areyouemptyingthedustbin?MissBrownistypingaletterforherboss.Theoldmanisdying.I’mcoming.Whatareyoutalkingabout?语法练习\n用动词的现在进行时填空。Thethief_____________downthepath.(walk)Twopolicemen____________himquestions.(ask)Athief___________byadoor.(stand)He____________bluejeans,ablackleatherjacketandagreenwoolenhat,(wear)and_____________abag.(carry)He__________tothebackdoor.(go)Thepolicemen_____________himtothehouse.(follow)He__________thebackdoor.(open)He_____________aproblem.(nothave)He____________thehouse.(enter)isaskingiswalkingisstandingiswearing(is)carryingisgoingisfollowingisopeningisnothavingisentering语法练习\n用动词的适当形式填空：LiWei_____________(notdo)hishomeworkintheevening.Canhe_________(ride)abike?_________yourmother_______(do)theshoppinginyourfamily?Whatcolortrousers____Bill___________(wear)today?Look!What_____theboys_________(make)?Theyoungworkers_____________(work)onthenewmachinesnow.Doyouwant__________(have)anothercupoftea?Howmuchmilk_____(be)thereinthebottle?_____you_______(like)readingEnglishinthemorning?Please___________(notcall)meMrXiaohai.______(call)meMrZhang.Heoften_____(get)upatsix.Itissixnow.He___________(get)up.There_____(be)alotoforangesinthebasket.--What_____heusually_____(do)onSundays?--I____________.(notknow)Everyoneinourclass_____(like)Englishverymuch.wearingrideDoesdoisismakingdoesnotdoisworkingtohaveisDolikeareCallgetsisgettingdon’tcalldoesdodon’tknowlikes语法练习\n把下列句子改成否定句：Shealwayshasherlunchathome.Myparentsworkinthesamefactory.LilyandLucyaretwins.We’vegotmanyapples.It’sthreeo’clock.ThestudentsarehavinganEnglishclass.Therearesomenewbooksontheteacher’sdesk.TurnontheTV,please!Becareful!It’sdangerous.把下列句子改成疑问句：HewatchesTVonlyonSaturdaynight.Shedoesthehouseworkallday.Thereissomethingnewintoday’snewspaper.Ihavemanybeautifulpictures.Thegirlsaredancinginthenextroom.Weoftenhaveapartyontheweekend.doesnotalwayshavedonotworkarenothaven’tgotisnot/arenothavingTherearen’tanyDon’tturnonDon’tbe/isnotDoeshewatchDoesshedoIsthereanythingDoyouhave/HaveyouArethegirlsdancingDoyouoftenhave语法练习\n一般将来时用法：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。构成：一般将来时主要有两种表示方法。1、begoingto+v.2、will(shall)+v.此外，在特定情况下，也可以用现在进行时、一般现在时表示将来。还可以用beaboutto+v.的结构。Grammar\nbegoingto+v.结构begoingto+v.结构是一般将来时的一种形式。表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。含有“打算、准备”的意思，并可表示主观判断。e.g.Sheisgoingtowatertheflowersthisevening.I’mgoingtoworkhardatEnglishthisterm.Wearegoingtohaveameetingnextweek.It’sgoingtorain.There’sgoingtobeanEnglishpartyonXmaseve.注意：若begoingto后面的动词是位移动词（如：go,come,leave等），则可以直接用进行时表示将来。e.g.TheGreenfamilyaregoingtoLondontomorrow.WhenareyouleavingforBeijing?Grammar\n在begoingto+v.结构中，be是助动词。因此否定句是在be后加not。疑问句是将be调至主语之前。e.g.They’regoingtohaveaswimnextWednesday.TheyarenotgoingtohaveaswimnextWednesday.AretheygoingtohaveaswimnextWednesday?Whenaretheygoingtohaveaswim?They’regoingtohaveaswim,aren’tthey?Grammar\n一般将来时用法：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。构成：will(shall)+v.will可用于所有人称；在正式文体中，当主语是第一人称（即I,we）时，助动词用shall。e.g.You’llbelateforschoolifyoudon’thurry.Iwill(shall)havetoworkforthewholeweek.ThemeetingwillbeginateightonFridaymorning.Thelittlegirlwillbe10yearsoldnextyear.TherewillbeaninterestingTVplaythisevening.在这个结构中，will是助动词。因此否定句是在will后加not。疑问句是将will调至主语之前。Grammar\n一般将来时will(shall)+v.与begoingto+v.的区别will表达客观的将来，含有愿意的意思。e.g.Tomorrowwillbemybirthday.Willyouhelpmewithmyhomework?I’llbeverygladifyouwilltellme.Shallwehavearestnow?（表示建议）begoingto含有“准备、打算”的意思，有主观的意思。e.g.I’mgoingtobuymymomapresentforMothers’Day.Areyougoingtodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.Grammar\n其它表示将来时态的方法。1、现在进行时（表达很快的将来）e.g.Thebusiscomingsoon.ClassThreeiswinning.Theoldmanisdying.2、一般现在时（表达按计划将要发生的事）e.g.Thetrainleavesattena.m.Whendoesthebusarrive?TomorrowisMonday.3、beaboutto+v.结构e.g.WeareabouttoleaveforBeijingtomorrow.Grammar\n用begoingto结构连接下面的句子。Tim/getupMyparents/drinkcoffeeI/driveacarKate/washherfaceThey/havearestMrsBrown/cooksupperTheboys/watchfootballmatchonTV.You/readamagazineHisfather/shaveTheplane/landTheman/crossthestreetThethief/jumpoutofthewindowThegirl/falloffherbikeMrSmith/meetafriendofhis语法练习\n仿照示例，做下面各句。e.g.Playtennis/writesomeletters/thiseveningAreyougoingtoplaytennisthisevening?No,I’mgoingtowritesomeletter.listentomusic/readabook/thisafternoonhavedinnerattherestaurant/cookdinnerbymyself/tomorrowgotothecinema/sleepearly/tonightstudyEnglish/watchtelevision/thiseveningAreyougoingtolistentomusicthisafternoon?No,I’mgoingtoreadabook.Areyougoingtohavedinnerattherestauranttomorrow?No,I’mgoingtocookdinnerbymyself.Areyougoingtothecinematonight?No,I’mgoingtostayathomeandsleepearly.AreyougoingtostudyEnglishthisevening?No,I’mgoingtowatchtelevision.语法练习\n用括号内动词的正确时态填空，使以下对话完整。Mark:Yes,hereweare.The17:35toGlasgow.It______(get)toBirminghamat19:15.That’squick.Martin:Whattime__________________(arrive)inCarlisle?Mark:21:10,that’stenpastnine.Why?Martin:Mysister______________(catch)thistrainnextweek.She____________(stay)withhercousin.HelivesnearCarlisle.Mark:It’sbeautifularoundthere.Martin:Bytheway,istherearestaurantcaronthetrain?Mark:No.SoI_______________(have)asandwichbeforeIleave.Comeon.It’sgettinglate.Thetrain_______________(depart)intenminutes.getsdoesitarriveisgoingtocatchisgoingtostayamgoingtohaveisgoingtodepart语法练习\n用所给动词的正确时态填空。Thestudents_______________sometreestomorrow.Theyoften_________treesinspring.(plant)We__________________theroomthisafternoon._____you_____________yourroomtoo?(clean)Maryusually_________atsixo’clock.Buttomorrowmorningshe_______________athalfpastfive.(getup)ThestudentsofClassTwo___________anEnglishlessonnow.We_______________ourstomorrowmorning.(have)aregoingtoplantplantaregoingtocleanAregoingtocleangetsupisgoingtogetuparehavingaregoingtohave语法练习\n仿照例句，做下列各题。Model:MikeisgoingtosingattheChildren’sPalacethisafternoon.Who’sgoingtosingattheChildren’sPalacethisafternoon?What’sMikegoingtodoattheChildren’sPalacethisafternoon?WhenisMikegoingtosingattheChildren’sPalace?WhereisMikegoingtosingthisafternoon?Peterisgoingtoskateintheparkthisafternoon.MrZhangisgoingtogiveusatalkinourschoolnextThursday.I’mgoingboatingthisSunday.Theboysaregoingtohaveafootballmatchnextweek.语法练习\n仿照例句，做下列各题。Model:I’llgoshoppingtomorrow.Iwon’tgoshoppingtomorrow?Willyougoshoppingtomorrow?They’llhavebiologynextyear.RosewillgoskatingonSaturdayafternoon.YourparentswilltaketotheGreatWallthisSunday.Fatherwillgofishingthedayaftertomorrow.We’llbebackatfouro’clock.ShewillbebusynextTuesday.语法练习\n用所给动词的适当形式填空：Joan_______(sing)well.She____________(sing)inthenextroom.Canyoufinish__________(do)theworkintwohours.Listen!Aboy___________(cry)overthere.Herfather__________________(go)toShanghaithedayaftertomorrow.I___________(be)sixteennextyear.They_______________(clean)thewindowsnow.There_______________________(be)asportsmeetinourschooltomorrow.Where_______John’sgrandma_______(live)?__________PeterandRose__________________(climb)thehillthisSunday?____________(notworry)aboutyourchild.He_____(be)muchbettertoday.Look,theboy_____________(run)afterthemovingbus.LiuYing____________(watch)TVeverySaturdayevening.singsissingingdoingiscryingisgoing/willgowillbearecleaningwillbe/isgoingtobedoesliveWill/Areclimb/goingtoclimbDon’tworryisarerunningwatches语法练习\nThey___________(notknow)muchRussian.I’dlikeyou_________(pass)methatglassofwater.Hi,everybody.Letme____________(introduce)myselffirst.Theartistcannot________(draw)thepictureinfiveminutes.We____(be)inGradeTwonow,andnextyearwe______(be)inGradeThree.Kate_______________(notlike)playingtabletennis.Whattime_____you_____(go)toworkeveryday?Where_______(be)Kitty?She_____(be)inthelibrary.Theprofessor__________________________(notgive)usthetalknextMonday.Mymotheroften_______(have)lunchathome._________you____________________(speak)atthemeetingthisafternoon?Theoldwoman__(be)ill.Thedoctorandthenurses_________(look)afterher.We___________(notknow)MrSmith,butLucy_______(know)him.don’knowtopassintroducedrawamwillbedoesnotlikedogoisisisn’tgoingtogive/won’tgivehasWill/Arespeak/goingtospeakisislookingdon’tknowknows语法练习\n用法：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常与yesterday,lastyear,in1965,amomentago等表示过去的时间状语连用。e.g.Igotupatfiveyesterday,butIdidn’tgetupsoearlythismorning.DidhewatchTVlastnight?IwasinGradeOnelastyear.构成：动词用过去式否定、疑问句的构成：若句中有be动词或情态动词，则在其后加not或将其调至主语前。若句中只有行为动词，则要用助动词did来帮忙。一般过去时Grammar\n规则动词过去式的构成1、一般情况下，加-ed。ask--askedhelp--helpedwatch--watched2、结尾是“e”的词，加-d。dance--dancedlove--lovedlive--lived3、重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。stop--stoppeddrop--droppedbeg--begged4、以辅音字母加y结尾的词，改y为i，再加-ed。carry--carriedstudy--studiedhurry--hurriedGrammar\n过去式加-ed的读音1、在清辅音后，读清辅音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed/t/watched/tt/2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音/d/。played/eid/carried/id/answered/d/lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,读/id/。wanted/tid/needed/did/Grammar\ngrow--grewknow--knewthrow--threwblow--blewwrite--wrotedrive--droveride--rodeget--gotforget--forgotlend--lentsend--sentspend--spentsay--said*/sed/pay--paidstand--stoodunderstand--understoodlet--letput--putcut--cutread--read*am,is--wasare--weredo--didgo--wenthave--hadsee--sawcan--couldmay--mightdig--dugeat--atefind--foundmake--madehear--heardrun--rantake--tookhold--heldspeak--spokeleave--leftkeep--keptsleep--sleptsweep--swepttell--toldsell--soldbegin--begansing--sangsit--satswim--swamring--ranggive--gavebring--broughtbuy--boughtthink--thoughtteach--taughtcatch--caughtcome--camebecome--became不规则动词的过去式Grammar\n写出下列动词的过去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetraintourstaypassanswer语法练习\n用括号里动词的适当形式填空。1.He__________(read)thatbooklastweek.2.Lastnighthe___________(arrive)justintimefortheshow.3.Mary___________(marry)Thomasyesterday.4.Tom___________(show)uswheretositatthemeetingyesterday.5.Lastsummerwe___________(visit)UncleJack.6.It___________(rain)almosteverydaylastmonth.7.John_______(like)toplaypianowhenhewasinsecondaryschool.8.Betty___________(work)hardalllastyear.9.We___________(change)thecolorofouruniformslastChristmas.10.LastyearFrances___________(buy)hermotheraprettywatchforherbirthday.readarrivedmarriedshowedvisitedrainedlikedworkedchangedbought语法练习\n用括号内动词的正确形式填空：1.We__________(go)toschoolathalfpastsixeverymorning.2.Where__________(be)WuDong?I______________(notknow).He__________(be)herefiveminutesago.3.Thespeaker_______________(notgive)usthetalkthedayaftertomorrow.4.________you________(do)morningexerciseseveryday?5.John________________(watch)thebasketballmatchthisSunday.6._______you_________(speak)atthemeetingnextSaturday?8.It_______(be)Sundayyesterday.MyparentsandI________(be)inthepark.We________(have)agoodtimethere.9._____theartist________(bring)outhisbrushand_________(begin)todrawthehorseatonce?10.Kate________________(notlike)playingtabletennis.goisdon’tknowwaswon’tgiveDodowillwatchWillspeakwaswerehadDidbringbegindoesn’tlike语法练习\n11.They_________________(notwatch)TVjustnow.12.They_____________(carry)waterforGrandpaLiuthreedaysago.13.MikeandJack______________(make)themodelplanelastmonth.14._______yourfriends________(have)agoodtimeintheparkthatday?15.Myfather______________(go)toBeijingaweekago.16.________Mary__________(study)attheNo.1MiddleSchooltheyearbeforelast?17.Hisparents_____________(notgo)outforawalkaftersupperyesterday.18.Where___________(be)MeiFanglastnight?didn’twatchcarriedmadeDidhavewentDidstudydidn’tgowas语法练习\n根据要求改写下列句子。1.Theyhadameetingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)2.MrsBlackdoessomecleaningeverySunday.(改为一般疑问句)3.I’mgoingtoturnontheradio.(改为否定句)4.TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon.(改为反意疑问句)5.Thosestudentsdidtheirbest.(改为否定句)6.ItwasNovember10ththedaybeforeyesterday.（向划线部分提问）7.MybrotherwenttoShanghaithreedaysago.（向划线部分提问）8.TheyaregoingtovisittheSummerPalace.（向划线部分提问）Didtheyhaveameetingyesterday?DoesMrsBlackdosomecleaningeverySunday?I’mnotgoingtoturnontheradio.TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon,werethere?Thosestudentsdidn’tdotheirbest.Whatwasthedatethedaybeforeyesterday?WhendidyourbrothergotoShanghai?Whataretheygoingtodo?语法练习\n仿照示例，把下列各句变成否定句。Patty/eat/somethingthismorning.---Pattydidn’teatanythingthismorning.1.John/fly/toNewYorklastweek.2.Rita/go/tothebeachtoswimlastMonday.3.Helen/take/herdogoutlastnight.4.MrTaylor/park/hiscarinthecarparkyesterday.5.Themoon/shine/lastnight.6.MrsWhite/buy/somethingfromthemarketthismorning.7.Myfather/watch/televisionlastnight.8.I/meet/somefriendsatthelibraryyesterdayafternoon.Johndidn’tflytoNewYorklastweek.Ritadidn’tgotothebeachtoswimlastMonday.Helendidn’ttakeherdogoutlastnight.MrTaylordidn’tparkhiscarinthecarparkyesterday.Themoondidn’tshinelastnight.MrsWhitedidn’tbuyanythingfromthemarketthismorning.Myfatherdidn’twatchtelevisionlastnight.Ididn’tmeetanyfriendsatthelibraryyesterdayafternoon.语法练习\n仿照示例，把下列各句变成疑问句，然后做出简略回答。Hecamebyferry.(yes)---Didhecomebyferry?Yes,hedid.1.Walterenjoyedhimselfatyourparty.(yes)2.Thecatdiedlastnight.(no)3.Peterdrewalargedogontheblackboard.(yes)5.MissYaogaveaspeechtoherstudentsyesterday.(no)6.Annaboughthermotherapairofnewshoesyesterday.(yes)7.Peterfinishedhisworkearlyyesterday.(yes)8.Jim’sfathergaveJimtwentydollars.(no)9.Judystudiedhardbeforetheexams.(no)10.Susangavethebeggarsomefood.(yes)DidWalterenjoyhimselfatyourparty?Yes,hedid.Didthecatdielastnight?No,itdidn’t.DidPeterdrawalargedogontheblackboard?Yes,hedid.DidMissYaogiveaspeechtoherstudentsyesterday?No,shedidn’t.DidAnnabuyhermotherapairofnewshoesyesterday?Yes,shedid.DidPeterfinishhisworkearlyyesterday?Yes,hedid.DidJim’sfathergiveJimtwentydollars?No,hedidn’t.DidJudystudyhardbeforetheexams?No,shedidn’t.DidSusangivethebeggaranyfood?Yes,shedid.语法练习\n用括号内所给动词的一般过去时填空：I_____(have)agooddayatworktoday.Themeeting________(go)wellthismorning.Bob___________(notbe)there.He___________(oversleep)becausehe_________(nothear)thealarm.Lunch_____(be)terrible.We_____(try)thenewFrenchrestaurantinthetowncenter.Thefood______(taste)awful.ThisafternoonI________(phone)BillinAmerica.He_______(tell)mewe’vegotanewcontractthere.It_____(be)anawfuldrivehome.Thetraffic_____(be)terrible.hadwentwasnotoversleptdidn’thearwastriedtastedphonedtoldwaswas语法练习\nSureyouwanttoleavenow?NOYESTVUniversityEnglish语法与练习