初中英语阅读能力专题训练 6页

初中英语阅读能力专题训练阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，是《英语课程标准》中听说读写中的重要技能之一，也是中考的一项重要考试内容。中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。文章的难易程度和初中阶段课文阅读内容基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。一．中考阅读理解的考查方向大体考查四种能力。把握文章事实和细节的能力；根据上下文猜测生词的能力；考查学生的推断能力；掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。二．中考阅读理解考查的主要内容是：1.考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：(1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?(2)Whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout?(3)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat.(4)Thepassagetellsusthat.(5)Thispassagemainlytalksabout.2.考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：(1)Whichofthefollowingisright?(2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?(3)WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueinthepassage?(4)Choosetherightorderofthispassage.(5)Fromthispassageweknow.3.考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式是：(1)Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans.(2)Theunderlinedword“It”inthepassagerefersto.(3)Inthisstorytheunderlinedword“…”means_______________________.(4)Here“it”means_______________________.4.考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。此类题目主要考查的是句语句之间，短语短之间的逻辑关系，其主要提问方式是：(1)Manyvisitorscometothewriter’scityto.6\n(2)SomeshopscanbebuiltDonfengSquaresothattheymay.(3)Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollutionbecause.(4)WhydidthewritergetoffthetraintwostopsbeforeViennastation?5.考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。其主要提问方式是：(1)Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybea.(2)Wecaninferfromthetextthat.(3)Fromtheletterswe’velearnedthatit’svery_________toknowsomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.(4)Fromthestorywecanguess____________.(5)Whatwouldbehappyif…?6.考查推断作者意图和态度的能力。(1)HowdidthewriterfeelatViennastation?(2)Thewriterwritesthistextto.(3)Thewriterbelievesthat_____________________.(4)Thewritersuggeststhat.三．阅读理解解题思路与技巧具体可从四个步骤来展开：第一步：通读全文，把握文章大意拿到阅读篇章，第一步就是要求通读全文，力争把握文章体裁和脉络，做到能够回答when(故事发生的时间)、where(故事发生的地点)、who(文章的主人公)和what(文章讲述了什么事情)等问题。第二步：仔细审题,分析比较选项.把握文章大意后，必须把注意力集中到文章题目上来，分析问题的要求、目的。第三步：带着问题复读,捕捉关键信息,解答问题.这一遍带着目的读文章必须是字斟句酌、非常仔细。力争找到能够说明问题，帮助选择正确答案的信息。第四步：再读全文,核对答案.问题解决了，再次阅读全文，在理解后再来检查自己的选项是否准确，要站在文章总体把握的高度，挖掘深层含义。精选训练AA good way to pass an exam is to work hard every day in a year. You may fail in an exam if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the exam. If you want to be good at English, you have to read and speak English asmuch as possible. A few 6\ndays before the exam you should go to bed early. It’s bad foryou to sit up studying until deep into the night. Before you start the exam, read carefully over the question paper, try to understand the meaning of each question. When you have  finishedyour exam, check your answers. Correct(改正) the mistakes if there areany and be sure that you have not missed anything out.()1. If people want to do well in the exam, they have to work hard_______.A. every day in a year           B. for most of the monthC. for only a few days           D. for most of the year  ()2.What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “sit up” in the passage?A. go to sleep                 B. can’t fall asleep   C. sit and study                D. stay up ()3.When people have finished the exam, they should _______.A. make sure that they have not missed anything out B. answer a few more questionsC. hand in their paper and leave at onceD. leave some mistakes on the question paper()4.The best title for this passage is _______.A. An important exam         B. How to Pass an Exam C. Get ready for an Exam     D. How to StudyBAmanisgoingtothehouseofafriend.Itisquitefarawaysohetakessomesandwichesalongforhislunch.Ashegoesalong,hesaystohimself,“Myfriendissuretogivemeaverynicemeal.Heisgoingtogivemegoodwine(酒)todrink.Sowhat’stheuseofthesedrysandwiches?”Ashesaysthis,hethrowsthemontotheground.Hegoesonandcomestoariver.Theriverhasbecomeverybigbecauseoftheraininthepastfewdays.Hecannotcrosstheriver.Hehopesthereisaboattotakehimover.Sohewaitsandwaits.Hewaitsforalongtime.Thenthesunbeginstoset.Hesaystohimself,“Icannotgotomyfriend’shousetoday.Imustgohome.”Thenhestartsforhome.Soonhefeelsveryhungry.Hewantsverymuchtohavesomethingtoeat.Buthedoesn’thaveanything.Suddenlyheseessomedry,dirty,hardsandwichesontheroad.Heisveryhappy.Hepicksthemupandeatsthemall.Donotthrowgoodthingsaway.Youmayneedthemlateron.()5.Itwilltaketheman__________towalktohisfriend’shouse.6\nA.afewdaysB.afewhoursC.awholenightD.onehourortwo()6.Hethrowsthesandwichestothegroundbecause_________.A.hedoesn’tlikethemB.thesandwichesaredirtyC.hethinkshisfriendwillnotlikethemD.heissuretohaveanicemealathisfriend’shouse()7.In“thesunbeginstoset”,“set”heremeans_________inChinese.A.落下B.升起C.变暗D.照耀CMails,games,music,news,chatrooms(聊天室)andshopping!TheInternetispartofthewaywelivetoday.It’seasytogetontotheInternet.Theonlythingweneedtodoistouseamodemwhichisusedforconnectingacomputertoatelephoneline.TheInternetischangingandgrowingallthetime.MoreandmorepeoplehavecomputersandusetheInternet.UsingtheInternetmeanssurfingtheWorldWideWeb(That’sthe“www”youalwayshearabout.)TheWeb(网)haslargenumbersofwebsites(网站)init.Theyaretheplacesyougotogetinformationanddothings.Wheredothesewebsitescomefrom?Theyaremadewebdesigners(设计师).Whathappenswhenyouclickonawordorapicture?Youaresenttoanotherpage.It’sallbecauseofthewebdesigner.Webdesignersdoalotofworkbyusingacomputerprogramming(程序编辑)language.IsWebdesignallaboutcomputerprogramming?No.It’saboutmakingsomethingnew.Webdesignersmustimaginealotwhentheyaremakingawebsite.Itmustlookgoodandbefuntouse.AbigpartofWebdesignisart.Theychoosethebestpicturesandcolorstomakethewebsitelookgood.Theyalsowritethethingsthatyouseeonthewebsite.Animportantpartoftheirjobistoshare（分享）ideaswiththewebsitemanagerabouthowtodesignthewebsitewell.()8．Thispassageismainly（主要的）about______________.A．computerprogramminglanguageB．thewebdesigners’workC．thewebsitemanager’sworkD．thewaytogetontotheInternet()9．MoreandmorepeopleareusingtheInternetbecauseit’s___________.A．easyandusefulB．beautifulandfunny6\nC．colorfulandhopefulD．changingandgrowing()10．It’spossibleforustochangewebsitesbyjustaclickbecauseof________.A．themodern’shelpB．thetelephoneline’shelpC．thewebdesigners’workD．thewebsitemanager’swork()11．Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.“www”means“WorldWideWeb”.B．There’reafewwebsitesontheweb.C．TheInternethaschangedpeople’slives.D．WecandothingslikeshoppingontheInternet.()12．Thewebdesignersdoalotofworkexcept_____________.A．makingthewebsitesnewandbeautifulB．writingthingsontheInternetC．doingthecomputerprogrammingD.connectingacomputertoatelephoneline巩固练习：AdviceonDoingYourHomeworkNevertrytoworkwhenyouareveryhungry.Ifyouwanttodoyourhomeworkrightafterschool,youmaywanttoeatsomethingbeforegettingtowork.Alwaysdoyourhomeworkbeforeyougettootired.Don’twaituntillateintheevening,ortheassignmentwillseemmuchharderthanitreallyis.Divideyourtimeintoafewpartsifyouhavemorethananhour’swork.Relaxyourselfafteranhour.However,don’tdivideitupsomuchthatyoucan’tgetanythingdone.Youshouldbeabletoworkatleasthalfanhouratatimewithoutstopping.Don’tputoff(推迟)untilthelastminute.Ifyouputoffdoingyourhomework,you’llhaveotonyourmindandyouwon’tenjoyyourfreetime.Ifyouputoffuntiltheendoftheweekoruntilrightbeforeatest,youwillhavetoomuchtodo.Alittlebiteachnight,enoughtokeepupwithwhatishappeningeachdayinschool,willtakethefearoutoftestsandkeepyouontopofit.Doyourhomeworkatthesametimeeveryday.Thiswillhelpyoumakeitahabit–partofyourdailywork.Itwillmakeiteasiertodo,anditwillmakeyourfreetimemoreenjoyableas6\nwell.()13.Whensomeoneishungry,he’dbetter__________.A.notworkatallB.workharderC.notworktoohardD.workasusual()14.Theunderlinedword“assignment”inthearticlemaymean“_________”.A.timeB.testC.homeworkD.school()15.Ifyouputoffdoingyourhomework,__________.A.itwillbekeptonyourmindB.itwillbemucheasiertodoC.itwillmakeyouhappyD.itdoesn’tmattermuch()16.Todoyourhomeworkatthesametimeeveryday_________.A.willmakeitmoredifficultB.willmakeyourfreetimelesspleasantC.willhelpyouhaveagoodhabitD.willhelpyoulivelonger6