《初中英语宾语从句》PPT课件 36页

语法专项------宾语从句\n一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）IknowMr.LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）\nPleasefindtheobjectofeachsentence.WhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanObjectClause?Iwillbuyabike.IthinkMrZhangisaverygoodteacher.Helikesmeat.ShecanspeakEnglishandFrench.MrSmithknewhissonmadesomemistakes.Theshopsellsdifferentkindsoffood.Icanseetheboysareplayingfootball.Wehaveplantedhundredsoftreesintheschool.√√√这些划线部分都可以用________来提问。what\n二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序\n（一）连接词that连接__________________2.whether/if连接_____________3.代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.副词whenwhywherehow3、4连接______________一般疑问句一般陈述句特殊疑问句\n由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略Ihear(that)_________________________.(一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)______________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时\n由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithuswhether/ifhecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，常用在ask,wonder,findoutcan(could)…tellme,don’tknow,don’tcare等后。whether/ifMr.Liliveshere\n只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在_______后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在________________前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.介词动词不定式\n3.当与_______连用，MaryaskedwhetherornotIwouldattendthespeechcontest.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.________________时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.当会产生歧义时：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.ornot提出两种选择宾语从句提前或_____________时:ⅹ\n1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。\n选择正确的连接词1.Canyoutellme______youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2.Idon'tknow______theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3.Ihardlyunderstand______hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4.Shedidn'tknow______backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD.wouldhewhetherbe5.Idon'tknow____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when☆☆☆☆☆\n6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterday?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme______toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose8.Peterasked______dictionarythiswas.A.whoseB.who’sC.whichD.that9.Itoldhim______wasmybook.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose10.Mumaskedme____Iwouldgoshoppingwith.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom☆☆☆☆☆\n（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）HeaskedmewhenIwasgoingtothebookstore.当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?What(has)happened?Whichisthewayto…?Who’soverthere?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon?Iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit.\n陈述句语序1.Theydon'tknow______.AwhataretheirparentsBwhattheirparentsareCwhowastheirparentsDthattheirparentarewho2.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit☆☆☆\n4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5.Didyouknow______?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoishelookingafter6.Couldyoutellme______?A.whenwilltheyleaveforBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveforBeijingC.whentheywillleaveforBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveforBeijing☆☆☆\n（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Iknewhewasateacher.Iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.\n确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时\过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时\n时态一致练习1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.takeC.takesD.wouldtake2.Catherinesaidthatshe_____toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_____adictationtoday.A.wouldhaveB.hasC.willhaveD.are4.SheaskedLindaif_____goandgetsomechalk.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5.Lindasaidthemoon_____roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled\nTheradiosaysit______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight________fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________aboutthemurdernow.(talk)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingweredoing时态一致练习\n9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_______from.(be)10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.Mr.Wangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho___________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_______thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdidwerewouldwrite\n转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换--根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变‘I’mtired,’shesaid.Shesaidthat________wastired.‘Youplayverywell,’hetoldme.Hetoldmethat_______playedverywell.‘Youmusthandinyourpapertomorrow,’theteachertoldus.Theteachertoldusthat______musthandin_______paper__________________.Mr.Carteraskedhim,‘Areyourbookshere?’Mr.Carteraskedhimif______bookswere________.sheIweourhistherethenextday\nShesaidtome,‘Openthedoor,please.’‘Don’topenthedoor,please,’IsaidtoTom.宾语从句改写中的特殊情形IaskedTom______________thedoor.Shetoldme____________thedoor.原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.”的句式。toopennottoopen\n宾语从句与简单句的转换Idon’tknowhowIcananswerthequestion.Hehopedtobeabasketballplayer.Idon’tknow________________thequestion.Hehoped______________________abasketballplayer.howtoanswer(that)hecouldbe\nItisn’tgoingtorain.(Ithink)宾语从句的否定形式Idon’tthinkitisgoingtorain.一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式一样。但若主句谓语动词是think、believe、guess、suppose等表示“认为，猜想”等词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。(Hethinks)Hedoesn’tthinkitisgoingtorain.\n宾语从句应掌握的要点1．宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。2．要注意主句时态和从句时态的呼应。当主句的谓语动词是现在时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种时态。（排除下一条）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。3.在think,believe等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定式。(否定前置)\n宾语从句专项练习1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_____theseflowers_____fromGuangdong.2.Light(光)goesfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_____fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow______there_____________ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_______________________French.thatwerethatgoesthatwouldbeiftheycanspeak\n5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme____thechildren_____________games.6.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat___________________.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows___________________________________________inthepicture?ifareplayinghisnamewashowmanypeopleyoucansee\n8.Wheredidsheputhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_____________________hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered______________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknow_______________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.wheresheputwhathetalkedwhoknockediflives\n12.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme__________________________.13.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_____they________friedchicken.14.Whydidn’tyoucomewithustotheparty？SueaskedSteven.SueaskedSteven_________________________tothepartywiththem.whenthetrainarrivesifwantedwhyhehadn’tgone\n将下列句子合并为一句Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.\n6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.\nWhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar\n3.Peterknew_______________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis4.Couldyoutellme___________?A.whoyouarewaitingforB.wheredoyouliveC.whowereyouwaitingfor D.whereyoulivein5.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen\n6.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetC.whydoeshegetB.whyhegetsD.whyhegot7.Themanagercameuptosee__________.A.whatwasthematterB.whatwrongwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter8.Heaskedhisfather_______.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen\n9.Noonehastoldus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddo  B.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoit      D.whattodoit10.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.A.howcheck  C.howtocheckB.howchecking    D.tohowchecking11.─Wheredoyouthink______he_____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./;bought  B.has;boughtC.did;buy  D.did;bought\nTheend~~~