初中英语句型及语法 5页

英语句型及语法1.Abit/alittle/even/much/still+比较级,表示程度的加强2.AdmitdoingSth.承认做过某事3.A,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,s,u,x这十二个字母开头的单词,若是元音发音,前面冠词用an4.Afew一些/few几乎没有+可数名词little一些/little几乎没有+不可数名词5.AgreetodoSth.同意做某事6.AllowSb.todoSth.允许某人做某事7.ArrangetodoSth.安排做某事8.As+adj./adv.(原级)+as和…一样----notas/so…as和…不一样9.AskSb.todoSth.叫某人做某事10.Asmallamountof/ahugeamountof/much+不可数名词11.BeabletodoSth.能够做某事12.BeafraidofSth./doingSth.害怕某物/做某事13.BebusywithSth./doingSth.忙于做某事14.BegintodoSth.=BegindoingSth.开始做某事15.Begoodat=dowellin+Sth./doingSth.擅长做某事16.Beinterested(Sb.)/interesting(Sth.)+inSth./doingSth.对某物/做某事感兴趣17.Bemadein表示在某地制造Bemadeof表示用某种材料制成(看得见原材料的)Bemadefrom表示用数种材料制成(看不见原材料的)Bemadeby表示由某人制成18.Bepoorat+Sth./doingSth.不擅长做某事19.BeresponsibleforSth./doingSth.对某事/做某事负责20.Both的位置是在be动词后。行为动词前（also）21.BringSb.Sth.=bringSth.toSb.给某人带某物22.BuySb.Sth.=buySth.forSb.给某人买某物23.By+名词/doingSth通过……(by是介词)24.Can/may/must/should(情态动词)+动词原形25.ChoosetodoSth.选择做某事26.Come/go/leave,可以用一般进行时表示将来时27.ComplainofdoingSth.抱怨做某事28.ContinuetodoSth.是作完一件事继续做另一件事的意思ContinuedoingSth.是继续做刚才没做完的那件事29.DecidetodoSth.决定做某事30.DenydoingSth.否认做过某事31.EnableSb.todoSth.使某人有能力做某事32.Every+单数名词33.FailtodoSth.未能做某事34.FinishSth./doingSth.完成某事35.ForgettodoSth.忘记做某事ForgetdoingSth.忘记做过事36.GiveSb.Sth.=giveSth.toSb.把某物给某人37.Go+doingSth./动名词去做某事38.GoondoingSth.继续做同一件事\nGoontodoSth.继续做另一件事1.HappentodoSth.碰巧做某事2.HatedoingSth.讨厌做某事3.Have/hasbeento指某人去过某地,强调“去过”,人在这里Have/hasgoneto指某人已经去某地,强调“去某地”,人不在这里Havebeenin在某地4.HadbetterdoSth.最好做某事反:HadbetternotdoSth.最好别做某事5.HavetodoSth.=havegottodoSth.不得不做某事6.HearSb.doingSth.听到某人做某事7.HelpSb.(to)doSth./withsth.帮助某人做某事8.HopetodoSth.希望做某事9.How……look?可以改成What……looklike?10.……is+todoSth.11.Itis+adj.+todoSth.=Itwouldbe+adj.+todoSth.12.If引导的条件状语从句:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)13.Instead后面不能加名词或句子，insteadof+句子14.InviteSb.todoSth邀请某人做某事15.KeepSb./Sth.+adj.使某人/某物怎么样16.KeepdoingSth.继续做某事17.LearntodoSth.学习做某事18.LendSth.toSb.=lendSb.Sth.把某物借给某人19.LetSb.doSth.让某人做某事（Sb.要用宾格）——letSb.notdoSth.让某人别做某事20.LookforwardtoSth./doingSth.盼望,期待某物(事)/做某事21.LovedoingSth./enjoydoingSth./liketodoSth./likedoingSth.喜欢做某事22.MakeSb.+adj.使…变得…(作宾语补主语)(friendly是adj.)23.MakeSb.doSth.使某人做某事24.MakeSb.Sth.=makeSth.forSb.为某人做某物25.ManagetodoSth.设法做某事26.Need1)作为情态动词的“need”的用法与其他情态动词“can”，“may”，“must”的用法基本相同肯定用need,否定用needn’t2)“need”作为实义动词时，通常用法是：人＋need＋todoSth.物＋need＋doingSth.物＋need＋tobedone另外，“need”后还可以直接跟名词。3)need作名词,解释为”需求”(不可数名词),”必要之物”(可数名词)词组:meetone’sneeds,inneedofSth.27.NeedtodoSth.需要做某事28.Neither（否），so（肯）倒装句的用法1）Neither+助动词+主语2）So+助动词+主语29.NoticeSb.doSth.注意某人做某事NoticeSb.doingSth.表示动作正在进行\n1.OfferSb.Sth.=offerSth.toSb.给某人提供某物2.OfferSb.todoSth.提供做某事----offerSb.nottodoSth.3.One…theother一个…另一个one…theothertwo(theothers)一个…另一个4.Oneof+最高级(adj./adv.)+名词复数最…的…之一5.Onone’swayto(后面若是home/here/there，to要省略)在某人去某地的路上6.PlanSth.forSb.为某人安排某事7.PlantodoSth.打算做某事8.PractisedoingSth.练习做某事9.PraiseSb.forSth.因某事而赞扬某人10.PreferSth./todoSth.较喜欢某物/做某事11.PromisetodoSth.答应做某事12.RefusetodoSth.拒绝做某事13.RememberdoingSth.记得做过某事RemembertodoSth.记住做某事14.RemindSb.ofSth.=makeSb.rememberSth.令某人想起某物15.SaveSb.time(in)doingSth.节约某人做某事的时间16.Sb.的用ed的形容词，Sth.的用ing的形容词17.SeeSb.doSth.看见某人做过某事SeeSb.doingSth.看见某人正在做某事18.SeeSth.withone’sowneyes亲眼目睹19.ShowSb.Sth.=showSth.toSb.向某人展示某物20.Sick和ill作表语(在be动词后)时,意义相同,可以替换;sick作定语(也就是adj.)时,ill不能代替sick21.So(肯定句),neither(否定句)的倒装句的用法So/neither+助动词+主语22.SpeaktoSb.=talktoSb.=talkwithSb.和某人谈话23.StarttodoSth./doingSth.开始做某事24.StopdoingSth.停止做某事StoptodoSth.停下来做其他的事25.Suggest+从句(从句should+动词原形,should可以省略)26.TakeSb.toSp.=showSb.aroundSp.(Sp.指someplaces)带某人去某地27.TalktoSb.aboutSth.与某人谈某事28.ThankSb.forSth./doingSth.谢谢某人的某物/做某事29.TellSb.todoSth.叫某人做某事----tellSb.nottodoSth.叫某人别做某事30.ThankSb.forSth./doingSth.为某事感谢某人31.Thinkof/about+doingSth.考虑做某事32.TrytodoSth.尽力做某事TrydoingSth.尝试做某事33.Tryone’sbesttodoSth.尽力做某事34.Until在否定句中(not……until)解释为“直到……才”,动词用瞬间性动词,Until在肯定句中解释为“直到……为止”,动词用延续性动词.35.UseSth.todoSth.=useSth.fordoingSth用某物做某事36.WarnSb.todoSth.警告某人做某事----warnSb.nottodoSth.警告某人别做某事37.WishSb.todoSth.希望某人做某事wishwithSb.+n.希望某人怎么样38.WouldliketodoSth.=wanttodoSth.想做某事\n1.WouldratherdoSth.=wouldprefertodoSth.宁愿做某事2.WouldyouminddoingSth?你对做某事介意吗?3.比较级+and+比较级越来越……4.比较级+than+anyother+单数名词=the+最高级5.表示肯定的猜测用must,表示否定的猜测用can’t.6.对于禁止标语的4种1)DoingSth.isnotallowed.2)NotsuitablefordoingSth.3)Don’tdoSth.4)NOdoingSth.7.反意疑问句,前面肯定,后面否定,前面否定,后面肯定.(never,little,few,seldom,hardly等)8.联系动词(be动词,become,feel,get,look,sound,taste,turn等)+adj.9.瞬间动词不能用于现在完成时来表示一段时间的延续,延续性动词可用于完成时如:leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等.10.特殊的比较级,最高级1)good/well–better-best2)bad/badly/ill-worse-worst3)many/much-more-most4)little-less-least5)far-farther/further-farthest/furthest6)old-older/elder-oldest/eldest11.形容词和enough连用,形容词在前,enough在后名词和enough连用,enough在前,名词在后12.形容词和不定代词连用,不定代词在前,形容词在后.13.形容词性物主代词后面加名词,名词性物主代词后面不加名词14.应答句1)----Howareyou?----I’mfine(allright),thankyou./I’mnotverywell,thankyou.2)----Thankyouverymuch.----Youarewelcome./That’sallright./It’sapleasure./Notatall.3)----Whynot……?----That’sagoodidea./Goodidea.4)----Wouldyoulikesb.todoSth?----That’sverykindofyou.5)----WouldyoulikeSth?----Yes,please./No,thanks.6)----WouldyouliketodoSth?\n----Yes,I’dloveto.