初中英语必考短语句型 13页

...必考短语句型1.beafraidofsth恐惧，害怕⋯⋯beafraidtodosth恐惧，害怕做⋯⋯I'mafraidtogooutatnight.我害怕晚上出去。2.beangrywithsb生某人的气Don'tbeangrywithme.别生我的气。beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth为......而生某人的气3.bebusydoingsth忙于做某事bebusywithsth忙于⋯⋯4.begoodat+(doing)sth=dowellin善于⋯⋯5.begoodfor对什么有好处ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish.6.behelpfultosbsth对......有好处Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处。Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady.锻炼对你的身体有好处。7.begoodto对⋯好8.bebadfor对......有害Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。...\n...1.beglad+todosth从/句很高兴......2.behappytodo很高兴做某事3.besorrytodosth对于做......而抱歉/遗憾4.besorrytohearthat...遗憾听说......5.besureofdoingsth对做某事有信心Heissureofwinning.他有信心赢.besureofsth对某事有信心I'msureofmyhead.我相信我的大脑。besuretodosth一定会做某事Wearesuretopassthetest.我们一定会通过这次考试。6.bemadefrom由⋯⋯制成(制成以后看不见原材料)bemadeof由⋯⋯制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)7.begintodo=starttodo开始做某事start⋯with⋯=begin⋯with⋯以......开始......Let'sbeginthegamewiththesong.8.getreadyforsth./todosth.getreadyforsth意.为“为某事做准备”；getreadytodosth意.为“准备做某事”Wearegettingreadyforthemeeting.我们正在为会议做准备。Theyweregettingreadytohaveasportsmeetatthatmoment....\n...他们那时正准备开运动会。1.hopetodosth希望做某事2.ask...for向⋯⋯要⋯asksbtodosth让某人做某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事3.helpsbwithsth帮助某人某事helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事4.wantsth.wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事5.wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事Wouldyouliketogorowingwithme?wouldlikesb.todosth.愿意某人做某事I’dlikeyoutostaywithmetonight.6.hopetodosth.希望做某事7.wishtodosth.希望做某事8.tellastory讲故事tellsbsth告诉某人某事tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事Mothertoldmetogoshoppingwithher.tellsbnottodosth让某人不要做某事9.showsb.sth.把某物给某人看...\n...showsth.tosb.把某物给某人看Pleaseshowthemaptome.1.passsb.sth.把某物递给某人Passmethecupoftea.passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人Passthecupofteatome.2.buysb.sth.为某人买某物.Motherboughtmeabike.buysth.forsb.为某人买某物Motherboughtabikeforme.3.givesb.sth把某物给某人JimgavemeanEnglishdictionary.givesth.tosb.把某物给某人JimgaveanEnglishdictionarytome.4.enjoydoingsth.喜欢(爱好)做某事；5.liketodo/likedoingsth.喜欢做某事。①Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?你喜欢听音乐吗?②Iliketoswimintheswimmingpool.我喜欢在游泳池中游泳。(喜欢到某一具体的地方游泳)③Ilikeswimming.我喜欢游泳。(只讲喜欢这项运动)6.havefun+doing做......很高兴7.finish+doing（名词）完成......8.practice+doing练习做某事...\n...1.feellikedoingsth.想要做某事LinTaoisbusymakingamodelplane.林涛正忙着做飞机模型。Mymotherenjoystakingawalkaftersupper.我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。IlovwwatchingChannelFive.我喜欢看五频道。Ihavefinishedwritingthestory.我已经写完了故事。2.keep(on)doingsth.一直坚持做某事Don’tkeepondoingsuchfoolishthings.不要再做这样的傻事了。Hekeptsittingthereallday.他整天坐在那里。keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事Whydoyoukeepmewaitingforalongtime?你为什么让我等了很长时间?3.keep⋯fromdoingsth阻.止......做某事相当于stop⋯fromdoingsth.,prevent⋯frodmoingsth.在主动句中，stop和prevent后面的from可以省略。例如：Pleasekeepthechildrenfromswimminginthesea.请别让孩子到海里游泳。Thebignoiseoutsidemyroomstoppedmefromdoingmyhomework.屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业。...\n...1.trytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事2.forgettodo忘了做......（未做）forgetdoing忘记做过某事了（已做）Iforgotturningoffthelights.Look,itisdarkintheroom.Iforgottoturnoffthelights.Couldyougobackandshuttheoff?3.remembertodosth.记住去做某事（未做）Eg.Remembertobringmesomemoney.I’vefriut.noutorememberdoingsth.记得做过某事了（已做）Eg.Irememberedreturningyourmoney.Youaresoforgetful.4.stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事Eg.HestoppedtotalkwithMarywhensheentertheoffice.stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事Thestudentsstoppedtalkingwhentheteachetcamein.You’retootired.You’dbetterstoptohavearest.你们太累了，最好停下来休息一会儿。Theteacheriscoming.Let’sstoptalking.老师来了，咱们别说话了。5.stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事6.watch/see/hearsb.dosth.观看/看见/听见某人做了某事（全过程）Isawyoupickanapplejustnow.watch/see/hearsb.doingsth.观看/看见/听见某人正在做某事（动作）IsawyouplayingbasketballwithyourclassmatesontheplaygroundlastSunday.7.makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样...\n...Youmustmadeyourbedclean.你必须使你的床保持清洁。makesb.dosth.使某人做某事Eg.Hisbrotheroftenmakeshimstayinthesun.Hemademeworktenhoursaday.他让我每天工作10小时。1.letsb.dosth.让某人做某事Letmesingasongforyou.2.havesb.dosth.使某人做某事Youshouldn’thavethestudentsworksohard.3.Howdoyoulike⋯你?认为⋯⋯怎么样?与whatdoyouthinkof⋯同?义。例如：HowdoyouliketheweatherinBeijing?你认为北京的天气怎么样?WhatdoyouthinkoftheweatherinBeijing?表达建议的句型，如：4.howabout(+doing)=whatabout(+doing)做......怎么样5.Let'sdo...让我们做⋯⋯吧。6.Shallwedo...?我们做⋯⋯好吗?7.Wouldyoulike/todo...?你想要(做)⋯⋯吗?8.hadbetterdo/notdosth.最好做/不做某事。9.Whynotdo...?为什么不⋯⋯?10.Whydon’tyou⋯你?为什么不⋯?...\n...①—Whynotgoandaskourteacher?——为什么不去问问老师?—Goodidea!Let'sgo.——好主意!走吧!②—Shallwegooutforawalk?——我们去散步怎么样?—No,Let'sgotothezoo.——不,我们去动物园吧。③Willyoupleasefetchsomechalksforme?请你给我拿些粉笔,好吗?④—WhataboutsinginganEnglishsong?——唱首英文歌曲怎么样?—Wonderful!——好极了!⑤Youhadbetterputonthecoatwhenyougoou你t.出去时最好把外套穿上。1.both⋯and⋯两个都⋯用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时，其后谓语动词用复数BoththestudentsandtheteacherswillgototheHistoryMuseumtomorrow.不论老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。BothJackandTimareEnglish.Jack和Tim都是英国人。2.notonly⋯butalso不但⋯⋯⋯而且⋯⋯常用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子。连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Shelikesnotonlysingingbutalsodancing.她不但喜欢唱歌，而且喜欢跳舞。Heisnotonlyagooddoctorbutalsoagoodfather.他不但是个好医生而且是个好爸爸。NotonlyIbutalsoheishopingtogothere.不但我而且他也想去那儿。NotonlyyoubutalsoIwanttogotravelling.不但你，我也想去旅游。...\n...1.either⋯or不⋯是⋯⋯就是⋯⋯,或者⋯⋯或者⋯⋯用来连接两个并列成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致。EitheryouorIamleavingforShanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。Youmayeitherstayhereorgohome.你可以呆在这儿，也可以回家。EithersheorIamright.=EitherIorsheisright.不是她对就是我对。2.neither...nor...;既不⋯也不⋯Neitheryounorheisright.你和他都不对。重要提示：当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要遵循“就近原则”。对比both...and...来记忆，both...and..连.接主语时视为复数。3.It’stimefor+到n该.做某事的时间了It’stimeforschool.4.It’stimetodo到sth该.做某事的时间了It’stimetogotoschool.It'stimetohaveclass.=It'stimeforclass该去上课了。5.It's+adj+forsbtodosth做某事对某人来说怎么样it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式todosth。例如：It’snoteasyforustostudyEnglishwell.对我们来说学好英语并不容易。It’sagoodideaforustotraveltothesouth.去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。...\n...1.It’s+adj.+ofsb.todosth.it是形式主语，todosth.是真正的主语,当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时，常用介词of,而不用for。例如：It’sverypoliteofyoutogiveyourseattooldpeople.你给老人让座，非常有礼貌。It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.帮助我学习英语，你真是太好了。2.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes.Ittakesherfifteenminutestowalktothebusstopfromhere.从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。Ittooktheoldmanthreedaystofinishthework.那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。3.sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth.某人花多少时间/金钱做某事Ispenttwentyyearsinwritingthenovel.4.sb.spendssometime/moneyonsth某.人在某事上花了多少时间/金钱Jimspent1000yuanonthebike.Ispentfiveyuanonthisbook.我在这本书上花了五元钱。Ispenttwohours(in)doingmyhomeworkyesterday.昨晚我花了两个小时做作业。sb.5.sb.paysmoneyforsth.某人为某事(物)付钱此句型主语是人。例如：I’vealreadypaid2,000yuanforthemotorbik我e.已经花了2000元买这辆摩托车。Jimpaid1000yuanforthebike....\n...1.sth.costssb.somemoney某.物花了某人多少钱ThebikecostJim1000yuan.重要提示：cost主语一般为物；spend,pay主语一般为人。例①中it用作形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。①Ittookmetwohourstowritetheletter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间。②Hespendshalfanhour(in)readingEnglisheverymorning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。③Hespendsonehouronthehouseworkeveryday他.每天花一小时做家务。④Thebikecostme500yuan.这辆自行车花了我500元。⑤Ispent500yuanonthebike.我买这辆自行车花了500元。⑥Ipaid500yuanforthebike.我花了500元买这辆自行车。2.too+形容词/副词+todo...太⋯⋯而不能⋯⋯.此句型的to表示否定含义。Iwastooexcitedtosayaword.我激动得一个字也说不出来。Tomistooshorttoreachtheapple.Tom太矮了,拿不到那个苹果。Theiceistoothinforyoutowalkon.这冰太薄，你不能在上面走。Thebagistooheavytocarry.这个袋子太重搬不动。3.so⋯that⋯如此⋯⋯以至于⋯⋯用于复合句，that引导的是结果状语从句。Theiceissothinthatyoucan’t冰w太alk薄o了n，it.你不能在上面走。Themanissokindthatwealllikehim.他是一个非常好的人，我们都很喜欢他。...\n...1.enough+名词+todo...有足够的⋯⋯做某事；形容词/副词+enough+todo...足够⋯⋯以至于能够做某事。如：Thereisenoughroomtoholdthesepeopletohaveameeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。Theboyisstrongenoughtocarrytheheavybox.这个男孩儿力气够大,能搬动这只箱子。重要提示：enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面。Theboyissostrongthathecancarrytheheavybox.Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.他太小了以至于还不能去上学。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool.他足够大了以至于可以去上学了。2.Idon’tthink/believethat我认我⋯/相信⋯⋯不⋯⋯其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如：Idon’tthinkitwillrain.我认为天不会下雨。Idon’tbelievethegirlwillcome.我相信那女孩不会来了。Idon'tthinkhisanswerisright.我认为他的答案不对。3.How+adj/adv+主+谓！多么⋯⋯啊！Howbeautifulthefloweris!...\n...1.what+a/an+adj+n+主+谓！Whatanbeautifulfloweritis!Whatacleverboy(heis)!=Howclevertheboyis!这个男孩儿多聪明啊！Whatawonderfulfilmwesawlastnight!昨天晚上我们看的电影多精彩啊!Howlovelytheweatheris!天气多好啊!Howhardheworks!他工作多么努力啊!...