初中英语必背知识 - 副本 11页

初中英语必背句型句型1：There+be+主语+地点状语/时间状语例句：There'saboatintheriver.河里有条船。句型2：What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：What'swrongwithyourwatch?你的手表有什么毛病?句型3：Howdoyoulike...?例句：HowdoyoulikeChina?你觉得中国怎么样?句型4：Whatdoyoulikeabout...?例句：WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?你喜欢中国的什么?句型5：hadbetter(not)+动词原形例句：You'dbetteraskthatpolicemanoverthere.你最好去问问那边的那个警察。句型6：How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!Whata/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!例句：Howcolditistoday!今天多冷啊!Whatafinepictureitis!多美的一幅图画呀!句型7：Thank+sb.+for(doing)sth.例句：Thankyouforcomingtoseeme.\n感谢你来看我。句型8：So+be/情态动词/助动词+主语例句：Heisastudent.SoamI.他是一个学生，我也是。句型9：...not...until...例句：Hedidn'thavesupperuntilhisparentscameback.直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。初中生学习(czsxuexige)句型10：比较级+and+比较级例句：Thebabycriedharderandharder.那孩子哭得越来越厉害。句型11：the+比较级，the+比较级例句：Themoreonehas，themoreonewants.越有越贪。句型12：...as+adj./adv.+as...…notas(so)+adj./adv.+as...例句：Doyouthinkthatartisasimportantasmusic?你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗?LastSundaytheweatherwasnotsowetasitistoday.上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。句型13：more/less+adj.+than...例句：Ithinkartislessimportantthanmusic.我认为艺术不如音乐重要。句型14：stop…fromdoingsth.例句：TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfromblowingtheearthaway.绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。\n句型15：both...and...例句：BothyouandIarestudents.我和你都是学生。句型16：either...or...例句：Eitheryouorheiswrong.不是你错就是他错。句型17：neither...nor...例句：NeitherhenorIamastudent.我和他都不是学生。句型18：...assoonas...例句：AssoonasIseehim，I'llgivehimthemessage.我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。句型19：...so+adj./adv.+that...例句：IwassotiredthatIdidn'twanttospeak.我累得连话也不想说了。句型20：Though...+主句例句：ThoughIlikewritingtomypen-friend，ittakesalotoftime.虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。句型21：begoingto例句：ThisafternoonI'mgoingtobuyaQisuEnglishbook.今天下午我要去买本奇速英语书。句型22：bedifferentfrom例句：IthinkthisisdifferentfromChinesenames.我认为这与汉语名字不同。句型23：Welcome(back)to...\n例句：Welcomebacktoschool!欢迎回到学校!句型24：havefundoing例句：We'regoingtohavefunlearningandspeakingEnglishthisterm.这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。句型25：...because.../...，so...例句：Idon'tknowallyournamesbecausethisisourfirstlesson.因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。句型26：What'swrongwith+sb./sth.?例句：Whydon'tyoucometoschoolalittleearlier?为什么不早点到校呢?句型27：makeit例句：Let'smakeithalfpastnine.让我们定在九点半吧!句型28：havenothingtodo例句：Theyhavenothingtodoeveryday.他们每天无所事事。句型29：besure/besureof/aboutsth/besuretodosb.例句：Ithinkso,butI'mnotsure.我想是这样，但不敢确定。Iwasnotsureof/abouttheway，soIaskedsomeone.我对于怎么走没有把握，所以我问别人了。句型30：between...and...例句：Thereisashopbetweenthehospitalandtheschool.在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。\n句型31：keepsb./sth.+adj./V-ing/adv.例句：Youmustkeepyourclassroomclean.你们必须保持教室干净。Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起，让你久等。句型32：find+宾语+宾补例句：Hefindsitveryhardtotravelaroundthebigcity.他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。句型33：...not...anymore/longer例句：Theoldmandoesn'ttravelanymore.这位老人不再旅行了。Heisn'tathiefanylonger.他不再是个贼。句型34：What'stheweatherlike...?例句：What'stheweatherlikeinspringinyourhometown?在你们家乡春天天气怎么样?句型35：notimetodo例句：Therewasnotimetothink.没有时间思考。Ihavenotimetogohomeforlunch.我没有时间回家吃午饭。句型36：Helponeselfto...例句：Helpyourselftosomefish.吃鱼吧!句型37：between...and...\n例句：Iusedtoreadthiskindofstorybooks.我过去常读这种故事书。句型38：borrow...from例句：IborrowedaQisuEnglishbookfromhim.我从他那借了一本奇速英语书。句型39：lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.例句：Helentmeastorybook/Helentastorybooktome.他借了本故事书给我。句型40：havebeento例句：HaveyoueverbeentoHawaii?你曾去过夏威夷吗?句型41：havegoneto例句：Where'she?He'sgonetoWashington.他在哪儿?他去华盛顿了。句型42：befamousfor例句：Hawaiiisfamousforitsbeautifulbeaches.夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。句型43：Nomatter+疑问句+主句例句：Nomatterwhenyoucome，youarewelcomed.无论你们什么时候来，都受欢迎。句型44：beafraid(of/todo/that...)例句：Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenspeakingEnglish.当说英语时不要害怕犯错误。句型45：...as...aspossible/...as...assbcan例句：Ihopetoseehimassoonaspossible.\n我希望能尽快见到他。Heranhereasfastashecould.他尽最大努力跑到这儿。句型46：beworth(doing)…例句：Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得读。句型47：It'ssaidthat...例句：It'ssaidthatoneofthemostdangeroussharksistheGreatWhiteShark.据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。句型48：Notall/everyone...例句：Notallsharksarealike.并不是所有的鲨鱼都一样。句型49：bebasedon例句：Hisargumentisbasedonfacts.他的论断是以事实为根据的。句型50：..sothat...例句：Putthetreeintheholesothatitisstraight.把树放入洞穴中，让它立直。\n初中英语重点语法一、动词的时态动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下： 现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般ask/asksaskedshall/willaskshould/wouldask进行am/is/areaskingwas/wereaskingshall/willbeaskingshould/wouldbeasking完成have/hasaskedhadaskedshall/willhaveaskedshould/wouldhaveasked完成进行have/hasbeenaskinghadbeenaskingshall/willhavebeenaskingshould/wouldhavebeenasking二、动词的被动语态 常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成1一般现在时am/is/areasked6过去进行时was/werebeingasked2一般过去时was/wereasked7现在完成时have/hasbeenasked3一般将来时shall/willbeasked8过去完成时hadbeenasked4过去将来时should/wouldbeasked9将来完成时will/wouldhavebeenasked5现在进行时am/is/arebeingasked10含有情态动词的can/must/maybeasked注 意 被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结begoingto,usedto,haveto,hadbetter变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如：Treesshouldnotbeplantedinsummer./Theboywasmadefunofbyhisclassmates.Newspapersusedtobesentherebythelittlegirl.\n事 项汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如：Itisbelievedthat…  Itisgenerallyconsideredthat… Itissaidthat…Itiswellknownthat… Itmustbepointedoutthat…   Itissupposedthat…Itisreportedthat…   Itmustbeadmittedthat…   Itishopedthat…下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如：Thewindowwants/needs/requiresrepairing.     Thebookisworthreadingtwice.Thedoorwon’tshut./Theplaywon’tact.   Theclotheswasheswell./Thebooksellswell.Thedishtastesdelicious./Waterfeelsverycold.下面词或短语没有被动态：leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belongto,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,agreewith,keepupwith,consistof,haveon,loseheart等三、状语从句种类连接词注意点时间状语when,whenever,while,as,before,after,until,till,bythetime,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,instantly主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的，而否定句中主句动词为短暂性的。地点状语where,wherever 原因状语because,as,since,nowthatbecause语气最强，since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as又次之。条件状语if,unless,once,incase,aslongas,onconditionthat从句中动词时态不可用将来时，常用一般时代替目的状语sothat,inorderthat,forfearthatsothat和inorderthat后常接may,should,could,would等情态动词结果状语so…that,such…that \n比较状语than,as…as,notso/as…as,themore…themore 方式状语asif,asthough,asasif和asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。让步状语though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,nomatterwhat,whatever,nomatterwho,whoever,nomatterwhich,whichever,nomatterhow,however,nomatterwhen,wheneveras在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用宾语从句按句型分类用法例句肯定句当陈述句变为宾语从句时,用that连接,而且that可省略Iknow(that)youareastudent.\n如果主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何一种时态Iknowyouareateacher.（一般现在时)Iknowyouwereateacherthreeyearsago.（一般过去时）Iknowyouwillbeateachernextyear.（一般将来时）如果主句是一般过去时,从句就要根据时间状语而用相应的过去的某种时态Iknewyoucouldbeateachernextyear.（过去将来时）如果从句是客观真理时,它永远都用一般现在时IthoughtthatthesunrisesintheEastandsetsintheWest.否定句当主句谓语动词为think,suppose,expect,believe等时,其后的宾语从句为否定句时,常将否定词not从从句中移到主句中,构成否定转移Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.一般疑问句用if或whether连接.Iwonderif/whetheryouareastudent.特殊疑问句用疑问词作连接词Idon’tknowwhereyouaregoing.