外研初中英语同步练习 10页

定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词，叫做先行词，定语从川放在先行词的后面。引导定语从川的词有关系代词that，which，who（whom宾格，whose所打格）和失系副词where，when，why。关系代词：当先行词是表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用who,that,whom;当先行词是表示事物的名词或代词吋，关系代词一般用that，which;当先行词既有表示事物的名词或代词，又有表示人的名词或代词吋，关系代词一般用that。1.Jack，thereissomeoneintheofficewouldliketospeakwithyou.A.whoB.whichC.whom2.Thescientistandhisachievementsyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3.TheboyItalkedwithjustnowismybestfriend.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.where4.Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.不填B.whyC.whenD.what5.—Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamouspeopleyoucanuseforthereport?—Notyet.IwillsearchsomeontheInternet.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom6.—Excuseme，canIhaveatalkwithyourmanager?—Yes?I’mjustthemanyouarelookingfor.A.whoseB.whatC.whoD.which7.HeisthemanwithIjustshookhands.A.whoB.whomc.whichD.whose8.Weallliketheteacherclassisinterestingandcreative.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.that9.Pleaseshowmethebookcoverisred•A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose总结:1.关系代词who的用法：who“谁”，用来表示人，在定语从句中作主语。这里的who—般可以用that来替换。2.关系代词that的用法：that的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它可以表示人,也可以表示物。作主语表示人吋，that和who~般可以互换；作宾语表示人吋，that和whom—•般口」以互换；作主语、宾语表示物吋，that和which—般可以互换，而且都可以省略。3.关系代同which的用法：which的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它只可以代锊物，可以作定语从句的主语或宾语，一般which可以由that来替换。难点：That作主语或宾语表示物吋，常和which通用。但是在下列几种情况下,\n只用that，不能用which。1、先彳词既是表示人又是表示物时；2、词是all，both，none，nothing，anything,everything,much，such等i司H寸；3、先f词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时；4、先行词被thevery,theonly，any，no等修饰时。关系副词：关系副同where,when和why引导定语从句时，在定语从句屮分别作地点、时间和原因状语，起副词和介词短语的作用1.LastsummerIwenttoLuXing’shometownandvisitedthehousehewasborn.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where2.Wewillneverforgetthedaywejoinedtheleague.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which3.ThisisthereasonIwaslate.A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that专练：I.Weshouldgiveahandtothepeopleneedhelp.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.when2.1prefernottoeattoomuchfoodisfried，likeFrenchfries.A.thatB.whatC.itD.不填3.Thisisthequestionwearetalkingaboutnow.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when4.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthebookIboughtyesterday.A.whoB.whichC.whose5.Weshouldgivelovetothechildrenlosttheirparentsintheearthquake.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whom6.ThisisthedictionaryMumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom7-ShaolinTempleliesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what8.ThebookwaswrittenbyYuDansellswell.A.whoB.whichC.howD.what9.1likethemusicIcansingalongwith.A.whatBthatC.whoD.why10.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—IlikemusicIcansingalongwith.A.whoB.thatC.whatII.ThecamelIrodehadabadtemper，andIgotverytired.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.where\n12.—Doyouknowthegirlisstandingunderthetree?—Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which13.HeistheonlystudentplaystabletennisbetterthanJim.A.whyB.whereC.whoD.which14.DoyouknowthemanissittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whose15.Doyoulikemusicmakesyouexcited?A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it16.—Barbara，wheredoyouwork?—Iworkforacompanysellscars.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who17.Themangaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom18.Thisistheplacemyauntwasbornin.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.whose19.Manyyoungpeoplelovethesongshavegreatlyrics.A.whoB.whoseC.which20.“Who’sLucy，doyouknow?”“Lucy?ThegirliswearingayellowT-shirt.”A.whichB.whoC.where21.ThegirlwonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue，afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom22.—HaveyoubeentothenewSportCentreisjustopenedintown?—No，notyet.A.whereB.whoC.thatD.when23.Withoutfriendship,onecan’tbehappyalthoughheisrichenough.Asforme，IwillneverforgetthedaysIspentwithmydearestfriend.A.thatB.whenC.who24.—Doyouknowthemanisrunningalongthestreet?—Yes.HeisourEnglishteacher.A.whoB.whichC.whom25.CanIborrowthenewCDislyingonthedesk，Sarah?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.what26.Mylittlecousinisonlyeightyearsoldbeatalltheotherplayersinthecitychesscompetition.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom27.Allthechildrenliketheteacherscanunderstandthem.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom28.ThegreenteagrowsinSouthChinaisquitepopularinChina.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where29.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—IlikeIcandanceto.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.that\n宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句一引导词A，由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动调如say，think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear，feel等动后。连何that以起连接作用，在从句屮不做句子的成分，也尤同汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：Itoldhimthathewaswrong.1在think,believe,suppose，expect等动调引起的兵语从句巾，有吋调语尽管是？?定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。例：Idon’tthinkyouareright.（我认为你做的不对）在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。例：Wethinkitwrongthathetoldalietoeveryone（我认为他h'd甸一个人撒谎是铅识的）B,由连词if、whether引导的表示“是企...”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句了•的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。例：1don’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedtheexperiment.注意（1）介词后而的宾语从句不用if引导例：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoneyo（2）宾语从句中有ornot时不用if引导.物j:Idon’tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.（3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.例：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.C，由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which，和连接副词when,where,why,how等连接的宾语从川，它们在勿十即舍连接从句的作川，乂在幻屮充当句子的成分。例：Doyouknowwhichfilmtheyarctalkingabout?（which做定语）Idon’tknowwherehelives,（where做地点状语）二，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句从句的语序必须足陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例：Ibelievethattheywillcomesoon.HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher.Theywantedtoknowwhattheycandoforus.三，宾语从句的时态。宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：主川是一般现在时态，从化根裾实际情况而定。主句足一般过去吋态，从句川相应的过去的吋态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句耍用过去完成吋态。例：1）Shesaysthatsheisastudent.Shesaidthatshewasastudent.\n2）ShcsaysthatshewillflytoJapaninaweek.ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.3）Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready.Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.4）ShesaysthatshecansingasonginEnglish.ShesaidthatshecouldsingasonginEnglish.注意（1）如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这吋宾语从句要用一般现在吋态。（列：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.（2）Couldyoutellme...是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过上。例J:CouldyoutellmewhenwewillvisittheHistoryMuseum?（3）由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。例：Shesaid:“IhavebeentoEnglandbefore.”ShesaidthatshehadbeentoEnglandbefore.Sheaskedme:“Doyoulikemaths?”SheaskedmeifIlikedmaths.（4）宾语从句与简单句的交挽。由连接代词和连接副词引异的宾语从川，如果宾语从川的主语和主川的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。例：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.Icon’tknowwhattodonext.Hedidn’tknowwherehewouldlive.Hedidn’tknowwheretolive.专练1•We.dliketoknowornot.A.whetherwillthesportsmeetingcomeB.ifwillthesportsmeetingcomeC.whetherthesportsmeetingwillcomeD.ifthesportsmeetingwillcome2.-Excuseme,couldyoutellme?-Certainly.It’sovertherealongthestreetontheleft.A.wherethePeople’sParkisB.whereisthePeople’sParkC.thePeople'sParkiswhereD.thePeople’sParkwhereis3.Doyouknowthistimeyesterday?A.whatsheiscookingB.whatisshecookingC.whatshewascookingD.whatwasshecooking\n4.1don’tthinkrainthisafternoon.A.itwon’tB.it’sgoingtoC.ifit’sgoingtoD.whetheritfsto5.We’renotsureifittomorrow.Ifit，wewonftclimbtheSouthHill.A.willsnow；snowsB.willsnow；willsnowC.snows；snowsD.snows；willsnow6.Inthebookshop，areaderaskedtheshopkeeperWhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if7.—Idon’tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where8.—Weneverknowtheoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where9.IwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen10.—Doyouknow?Pmgoingtoseehim.—Sorry，Idon’tknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived11.一Wheredoyouthinkhethecomputer?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea-A./；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy12.Idon’tfeelverywell.Mumaskedmethismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas13.—WhereisJack?—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He’sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI’mnotsure.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there状语从句状语从句即指在主从fi合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句吋分为时间状语从句、地点状语从旬、原因状语从句、0的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。1.引导时间状语从句的从屑连词主耍有when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,until，till,assoonas，themoment，theminute,thesecond，theinstant，immediately,directly，instantly，once等。表示“当…吋候”的while,when,as的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是\n延续性动词：表示带冇规律性的“每当”或当主、从句i胃语动词的动作发生冇先后时，只能用when；当表示“一边...一边...”或“随着”时，只能用as。另外，用于此义的as所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能足动作动词，不能足状态动词。“I’mgoingtothepostoffice.”“you’rethere，canyougetmesomestamps?”1.引导条件状语从川的从屈连词主要脊if,unless，as[sojlongas，incase等。Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.2.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).3.引导结果状语从句的从屆连例主耍有sothat，s(r"that，such"*that等。Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.4.引导原因状语从川的从屈连词主要脊because,as，since,seeing(that),now(that),considering(that)等。Theycan’thavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去，我也去。5.引导让步状语从句的从屆连词主耍有although,though,eventhough,evenif,while,however，whatever，whoever,whenever，wherever等oHewentouteventhoughitwasraining.尽管卜雨，他还是出去了。6.引导方式状语从句的从厲连例主耍有as，like，asif，asthough,theway等。Shecan’tcooklikehermotherdoes.7.引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要奋where，wherever,everywhere等。I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.从句综合练习：1.TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich2.Rosesneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as3.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear，80%aresoldabroad.\nA.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat1.Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when2.thiscompanyhasdoneseemstobeinagreementwithwhatthegovernmenthascalledfor.A.ThatB.HowC.WhetherD.What3.Fortunitelywehadamap,withoutwewouldhavegotlost.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what4.ThcGreatWallisthelastplaceMrsmithisgoingtovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing.A.whereB.whichC./D.what8.1shallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who9.1don’tlikethewayyouspeaktoher.A./B.inthatC.whichD.ofwhichlO.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersonsnoneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that11.1haveboughtsuchawatchwasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it12.Freefilmticketswillbesenttoareinterestedinthefilm.A.whomeverB.whoeverC.whateverD.whichever13.Thedemandtheworkersaskforhigherwagesseemedreasonable.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.when14.Wewon’tgiveupweshouldfailtentimes.A.evenifB.sinceC.whetherD.until15.1rememberthisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what16.—Doyourememberhecame.?…Yes，Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if17.sheknowsalotofthings.A.AchildsheisB.AssheisachildC.ChildassheisD.Childasisshe18.Youcangooutyoupromisetobebackbefore12o’clock.A.sothatB.asfarasC.aslongasD.incase19.---DothefactoryleadersmeeteveryMondaymorning?----Yes，thereisnothingimportanttodealwith.A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.therefore20.HclivedinParisforthreemonths，duringtimehelearnedsomeFrench.A.thisB.thatC.itD.which21.Recently1boughtanancientChinesevase，wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose22.Wouldyouliketohaveabreakshallwegoonwiththework?A.andB.thenC.thereforeD.or\n23.Sometimestheearthquakeissoviolentthatitcandestroythewholecity，happenedinTangShanin1976.A.asB.thatC.whereD.like24.Hewasabouttotellmethenewssomeonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when25-Whatislearnedinbookscannothavethesamedeepeffectonachild’scharacterislearnedthroughexperience.A.whatB.asC.aswhatD.whenwhat26.—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,IgaveittoherIsawher.A.whileBimmediatelyC.onceD.suddenly27.1can’tfindMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?Itwasinthehotelhestayed.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when28.We’llgooutforawalkassoonasit.A.stopsrainingB.rainingC.stoptorainD.rain29.Thefilmwasinterestingeveryonewantedtoseeitagain.A.too,toB.so,thatC.not,untilD.very，that30.studieshardwillpasstheexamination.A.WhoeverB.AnystudentC.WhoD.Thosewho31.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment，1willalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what32.ShetookitforgrantedI’llagreewithher.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when综合填空练WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreetoneday，Isasmallbagontheground.IpickeditupandopenedittoseewIcouldfindouttheowner’sname.Therewasninsideitexceptsomedollarsandapictureofawomanandayounggirlabouttwelveyearsold•Iputthephotobackandtookthebagtothepolicestation.BeforeIleft，thepolicemanwrotedownmynameandmya.Hethoughttheownermightwanttothankme.ThateveningIwenttohavedinnerwithmyauntanduncle.Theyhadalsoaskedayoungwomantohavedinnerwithus.Herfacewasfamiliar，butIcouldn’trwhereIhadseenher.Dourtalk，theyoungwomanhappenedtosaythatshehad1herbagthatafternoon.AllatonceIrememberedwIhadseenher.Shewastheyounggirlinthephoto.thoughshelookednowmuchothanthegirlinthepicture.Shewasverys，ofcourse，whenItoldheraboutthebag.Afterdinnerwewenttothepolicestationandgotbackherbag•Thepolicemansaidtome，“It’sawonderfulthing•Youfoundnotonlythebag，butalsotheownerofthebag?WhenyougotoEnglandyoumayfindthetrafficthereisdifferentfromours.Asaf(1)youmustbec(2)inthestreets,becausethetrafficd(3)ontheleft.Youmustlook\ntotherightandthentheleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.Inthemorningandintheeveningwhenpeoplegotoorcomebackfromwork，thestreetsareveryb(4).trafficismostd(5)then.WhenyougobybusinEngland，youhavetotakecare，too.Alwaysr(6)thetrafficm(7)ontheleft.Youhavetot(8)alookfirstoryouwillgotothew(9)way.InmanyEnglishcitiestherearebigbuseswithtwof(10).Youcansitonthesecondone.Fromthereyoucanseethecityverywell.