初中英语语法数词 9页

初中英语语法数词初中英语语法-数词一、概说英语的数词可分为棊数词和序数词两大类。棊数词表示的是人或事物的个数，而序数词表示的是这些数目的顺序。二、基数词表示数0的词称为基数词，下面是最常用的基数词：1one11eleven2two12twelve20twenty3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10tenlOOone(a)hundred百1000one(a)thousand千10000tenthousand万100000one(a)hundredthousand十万1000000one(a)million百万三、序数词序数词表示事物的顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。常用的序数词如下：序数词缩写序数词缩写firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfthlst2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetieth\nhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th四、数词的某些用法1.表示计量表示事物的计量，即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。如:itis50metres/kilometers/mileslong(wide,deep,high).它有50米/千米/英里长(宽、深、高)。2.表示编号编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。如：Thetenthlesson=LessonTen第10课Room405第405号房Page215第215页No.14MiddleSchool第14中学TelephoneNO.5855806电话：58558063.表示不确切的数字基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上"of"表示不确切的数字。如：fivehundredstudents500名学生twothousandpeople2000人fivedozenpencils5打铅第hundredsofstudents几百名学生\nmillionsofworkers成千上万的工人scoresofchairs几十张椅了•4.表示年龄和岁数1）表示年龄的主要句式如下：Heisaboyof10yeasold.他是个10岁的男孩子。Heis10yeasold.他10岁。Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.他10岁开始学英语。Heis10（yearsofage）.他10岁。Heisaten-year-oldboy.他是个10岁的男孩子。2）介词in+one’stwenties（thirties…）表示〃在某人20多岁（30多岁…）〃。Myfatherisinhisfifties.我爹50多岁。Whenhewasinhisforties,hebegantolearnEnglish.当他40多岁时，他开始学英语。5.表示年代表几世纪，几年代时，通常在数词后加3或、，并在年代前加定冠词the,如1980’s（20世纪80年代），读作：nineteeneighties.如Hisgrandfatherdiedinthe1970’s。他爷爷死于20世纪70年代。\n4.表示分数分数的表达方式是：分子用基数词，分母用叙述词。分子是one时，分母不必加s;分子大于one吋，分母要加s.如：a(=one)third三分之一onefifth五分之一twothirds三分之二threefourths四分之三Twothirdsofthetreeswerecutdowntenyearsago。10年前三分之二的树木被砍伐了。5.表示百分数百分数的表达方式是：基数词+percent(单数形式)+of+名词。如：Thirtypercentofthestudentsinmyclassarefromcities.我班30%的学生来自城市。About61percentofthesurfaceiscoveredbywater.大约61%的表面被水覆盖着。数词练习1.Isentinvitationsto90people,_havereplied.A.ofwhomonly30ofthemB.ofwhomonly30C.only30ofthosewhoD.only30who2.Whenthebellrangannouncingtheendofclass，studentscameoutA.bytwosandthreesB.bytwoandthreeC.bytwoorthreeD.bytwosorthrees3.LiPingwasbornA.intheyear1984,at10a.m.onJune18thB.onJune18that10a.m.inthe\nyear1984C.at10a.m.intheyear1984onJune18thD.at10a.m.onJune18thintheyear19844.DavidhelpshismotherwiththehouseworkeverySaturdayforabout」A.oneandhalfhoursB.ahalfandanhourC.anhourandhalfD.oneandahalfhours5.Thisisa_buiIding,whichisabout_high.A.six-storey;38metreB.six-storeys;38-metreC.six-storeyed;38metresD.six-storey；38-metres6.Thecottonproductionhasincreasedby_percentthisyearcomparedwithlastyear.A.fivepointsixeightB.fivepointsixty-eightC.fifthpointandsixeightD.fivepointandsixeight7.-Whatwouldyoulike,sir?-_，please.A.TwocupsofteasB.TwoteasC.TwocupofteaD.Twocupstea8.Theairportis_frommyhometown.A.twohour’srideB.twohours’rideC.twohourrideD.twohoursride9._peoplehavecometorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.NowtheygotovarioussortsofschoolstotakeupEnglishcoursesofonekindoranother.A.HundredandthousandB.OnehundredandthousandofC.AlargeamountofD.Hundredsofthousandsof10.Shewassoillbecauseofoverworkthatshehadto1eaveherworkhalf-donetoaskforA.athreedaysickleaveB.three-dayssickleavesC.asickleaveofthreedaysD.three-daysickleaves11.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered12.Theheroofthestoryisanartistinhis_.A.thirtiethB.thirtyC.thirty’sD.thirties13.Shortlyaftertheaccident,two_policeweresenttothespottokeeporder.\nA.dozenofB.dozensC.dozenD.dozensof14.Thereare_visitorsintheexhibitioneveryday.A.hundredB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.ahundredof15.About_thepeopleofthetownareworkers.A.sixtypercentB.sixtypercentofC.percentsixtyD.sixtypercentsof16.HecametoChinainA.fortyB.fortiesC.latefortiesD.hisearlyforties17.ThestoryhappenedA.in1960’sB.inhis60’sC.in60’sD.inthe1960’s18.About_oftheserooms_empty.A.twothird,areB.twothirds,areC.twothirds,isD.twothird,is19.—Whenisyourbirthdayparty?—IVsonFriday,A.fifthOctoberB.fiveOctoberC.thefifthofOctoberD.thefiveofOctober20.I_methiminGuilinin1996.A.thefirstB.thefirstlyC.firstD.firsttime21.TomandTwenttothecinemabutweweren’tabletogetticketsforA.twoofusB.thetwoofusC.thesecondofusD.secondofus22.Heworkedwellandwaspraised_inpublic.A.asecondtimeB.twicetimeC.thesecondtimeD.forasecondtime23.The_paragraphswantrewriting.A.onefifthB.firstoneC.firstfourD.two-thirds24.Marywasthe_ofthe_studentsclimbeduptothetopofthehill.A.nine,fourtyB.nineth,fortiethC.ninth,fortyD.nine,fortieth25._peoplehavevisitedthe_stonebridge.\nA.Twomillionsof,500-foot-longB.Severalmillionsof,500-fcct-longC.Twomillion,500-feet-longD.Millionsof,500-foot-long25.Stayinginahotelforadaycosts_rentingahouseinthecountryforaweek.A.twicemorethanB.twiceasmuchasC.asmuchastwiceD.asmuchtwiceas27.—Iunderstandyouhavearclativevisitingyou?—Yes,my_grandmother.A.ninety-year-oldsB.ninety-old-yearC.ninety-years-oldD.ninety-year-old.28.TheYangtzeRiveris_thePearlRiver.A.threetimeslongasB.threetimesaslongasC.asthreetimeslongerasD.aslongthreetimesas答案与解析(部分)1.答案是B.名词/代词+of+关系代词(which/whom)常引导非限制性定语从句，ofwhomonly30=only30ofwhom。2.答案是A.by/intwosandthrees意为〃三三两两地〃，是固定短语。3.答案是D.英语表达时间的顺序是由小到大。4.答案是D.—个半小时应表达为：anhourandahalf或oneandahalfhourso5.答案是C.第一空"六层的楼房"可表达为asix-storeybuilding/asixstoriedbuilding/abuildingofsixstories；第二空〃数词+名词+形容词〃作表语时，名词常用其复数形式,使用连字符构成复合形容词时，可用作前置定语，如：a38-meter-highbuilding。6.答案是A.5.68的英文表达为fivepointsixeight。7.答案是B.tea/coffee有时可作可数名词，表示"一杯茶或咖啡"。twoteas二twocupsoftea。\n1.答案是B.〃数词+hours’/minutes’+ride/drive/walk〃为习惯表达<>2.答案是D.3.答案是C.4.答案是A.主耍考查数词与主谓一致的关系。句中withfivethousandbooks是主语，用来修饰library,因此句子的主语是library,而不是books.5.答案是D.in+one’s+基数词的复数形式，表示"某人X多岁"。注意：基数词的复数形式，表示某一世纪的X年代。6.答案是C.A项的形式不对（应在dozen后加s）;数词与dozen连用时，dozen不应加s，故B项不对；dozensof的形式是对的，但不能与数词连用，故D项也不对。这样，ABD3项都被排除了。7.答案是B。表示一个模糊的数字应是：hundredsof+可数名词复数。8.答案是B.表示百分数的方式是：percent（单数形式）+of+名词。9.答案是D.表示〃岁数〃的方式是：介词in+one’stwenties（thirties…）。10.答案是D.表示年代时，在具体年代之前必须加定冠词。11.答案是B.表示分数时，如果基数词大于one,序数词后必须加s，因此八和D两项应先排除。根据主谓一致的原则，句中的谓语动词应用复数形式。12.答案是C.日期应用序数词表示，前面有定冠词the.13.答案是C.first在此处用作副词，所以不能加定冠词.14.答案是B.twoofus表示"我们中的两人"，thetwoofus表示"表示两人"•15.答案是A.a加序数词表示"再""乂"，和当于another.\n1.答案是C.既然paragraphs是复数,就排除了A和B,而D的two-thirds后要加of才能接复数名词.2.答案是C.本题主要考奔个别拼写特殊的基数词和序数词.3.答案是D.在millionsof前不能再出现数量词，所以可先排除A,B，而C的复合形容词中间应用单数名词，乂如：afive-year-oldboy.4.答案是B.木题主要考查倍数与asmuch(many)as的词序.5.D28.B.