初中英语语法宾语从句 6页

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  • 2022-08-15 发布

初中英语语法宾语从句

  • 6页
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WORD格式整理名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如:HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+动词原形”。例如:Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如:Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:a.引导主语从句并在句首时;b.引导表语从句时;c.引导从句作介词宾语时;d.从句后有“ornot”时;e.后接动词不定式时。例如:Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试?Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.专业知识分享\nWORD格式整理一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?你能否告诉我是去还是留?4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。例如:Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.(从句用一般将来时)当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如:TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。6.时态:1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。7.宾语从句的连接词从属连词:连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告诉我他明年上大学.Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词:连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏?ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?专业知识分享\nWORD格式整理连接副词:连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.8.动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.9.形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedIamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.10.宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时专业知识分享\nWORD格式整理①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.(1)Idon’tknow___________ornot.  A.whetherheisathome      B.ifheisathome  C.thatheisathome       D.whetherisheathome(2)Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.  A.which   B.whether   C.if     D.that(3)Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.  A.which   B.where   C.if     D.that(4)Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.  A.why     B.when   C.how    D.where(5)---Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?专业知识分享\nWORD格式整理 ---Yes,Mum  A.what B.that C.why D.if(6)---Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis? ---HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.  A.where,which   B.where,what  C.what,which  D.what,where(7)Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.  A.whatshouldIchoose       B.whichIshouldchoose  C.whichshouldIchoose      D.whatIshouldchoose(8) Didyoufindout______?  A.shewaslookingforwhosechild   B.whosechildwasshelookingfor  C.whosechildsheislookingfor    D.whosechildshewaslookingfor(9) Areyouinterestedin_____?  A.howdidhedoit  B.hedidithow C.howhedidit D.hehowdidit(10) Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?  A.howthetwoplayersareold     B.howoldarethetwoplayers  C.thetwoplayersarehowold     D.howoldthetwoplayersare(11)---Whatdidthescientistsay?  ---Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.  A.hehadtofly  B.hecouldfly  C.canhefly  D.couldhefly(12) Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?  A.Wherethebanknearest       B.whereisthenearestbank  C.wherethenearestbankis     D.thenearestbankiswhere(13)SheaskedTom________withhiscar?  A.whatthematterwas        B.whatthematteris  C.whatwasthematter        D.whatisthematter(14)It’s7:30.Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.  A.haven’tstarted B.didn’t C.don’tstart D.hadn’tstarted(15) TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25____ChristmasDay. A.is   B.was   C.hasbeen       D.willbe(16) Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun.专业知识分享\nWORD格式整理  A.goes  B.go C.went D.willgo(17) We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam.  A.havepassed  B.hadpassed   C.pass     D.willpass(18)  “Couldyoutellme______?”“Yes.They____tothelibrary.”  A.wherearethetwins,havebeen  B.wherewerethetwins,havebeen  C.wherethetwinsare,havegone  D,wherethetwinswere,havegone(19)  Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek.  A.willbuy B.havebought  C.wouldbuy D.buys(20) Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday.  A.goes  B.willgo  C.went  D.havegone(21).Idon’tthinkheisright,__________?  A.isn’the    B.ishe    C.doI    D.don’tI(22).Hebelievessheisright,__________?  A.doesn’the    B.doeshe    C.isshe    D.isn’tshe(23).Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,__________?  A.didn’the    B.didhe    C.didI    D.didn’tI(24).Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.  A.it      B.this     C.that     D.what(25).Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.  A.howtheywereexcited        B.howexcitedtheywere  C.howexcitedwerethey         D.theywerehowexcited专业知识分享

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