高中英语状语从句教案 9页

龙文教育1对1个性化教案学生柯晓彤学校广附年级初二教师夏晓涛授课日期11月18日授课时段13—15:00课题状语从句专题重点难点理解并掌握时间状语从句与条件状语从句的相关知识教学步骤及教学内容一、时间状语从句二、原因状语从句三、条件状语从句四、结果状语从句五、目的状语从句六、地点状语从句七、让步状语从句八、方式状语从句教导处签字：日期：年月日课后评价一、学生对于本次课的评价O特别满意O满意O一般O差\n一、教师评定1、学生上次作业评价O好O较好O一般O差2、学生本次上课情况评价O好O较好O一般O差作业布置教师留言教师签字：家长意见家长签字：日期：年月日状语从句由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。\n（一）时间状语从句表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till(until),since,once,assoonas(或themoment),bythetime,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when,everytime等引导。e.g.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.NosoonerhadIgonetobedthanIwenttosleep.比较while,when,as1）as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。　　　Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3）从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.　　日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏4）When:表示时间点，还可以表原因，译作“既然”。还可以翻译成"突然"5）While:表示时间段，还可以用来表示对比翻译成“而”。While放在句首要翻译成“尽管”引导让步状语从句。时间状语从句：themoment有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句the minute, the moment, every time, the first timeThe moment he reached the country, he started his search.他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of thetour I made years before.每当我看到那顶草帽，它就使我想起几年前的那次旅游I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她就觉得她诚实而友善。时间状语从句：directly等。有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet.校长一进来， 大家就安静下来。The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。until和not…until的区别Until要与延续性动词连用；not…until要与非延续性动词连用1.Until句子翻译成动作直到…时候才结束。2.Not…until句子要翻译成动作直到…时候才开始。Isleptuntil12o’clock.我睡觉睡到12点。Wedidn’tgetdowntoworkinguntilMsZhangcamein.我们直到张老师进来才开始认真的工作。表示"一…就…"的结构hardly/scarcely…when/before,nosooner…than　和assoonas例：Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.　AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.　注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.（二）原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,now\nthat（既然）等，for表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.  Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.  Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.比较：because,since,as和for1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since.Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.　Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.　Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。（三）地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.（四）目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so,sothat（从句谓语常有情态动词）,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等。e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.（五）结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由sothat（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,so…that,such…that等引导。e.g.Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.  Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.  Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.（六）条件状语从句条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if,unless,so(as)longas,onconditionthat,so(as)faras,ifonly(=if)。注意：条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。e.g.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.  Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.  SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.  Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.  Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.（七）让步状语从句连接词although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whether…or,nomatterwho(when,what,…)Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot==Childasheis,heknowsalot.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.让步状语从句(1)though,although　注意：当有though,although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet,stillnevertheless（仍然，不过）可连用　\nAlthoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.　　虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。　Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.　　虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。　让步状语从句(2)as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。　　Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.　=Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.注意：a.　句首名词不能带任何冠词。　　　　b.　句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.==Thoughhetrieshard,heneverseems…　虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。让步状语从句(3)3)　everif,eventhough.　即使We'llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.4)whether…or-　不管……都　　Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.让步状语从句(4)5)　"nomatter+疑问词"或"疑问词+后缀ever"　　Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换：nomatterwhat=whatever　nomatterwho=whoever　nomatterwhen=whenever　nomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however　6)注意：nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。状语从句的省略1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。e.g.Asayoungman,Lincolnwasastorekeeperandapostmaster.2.当从句的主语是it,谓语动词是be动词时，可以把it和be一起省略。此时构成“连词（if，unless，when，whenever）+形容词”的结构。Thoughcold，hestillworeashirt.3.If=so/not省略句式中，用so/not代替上文的内容。Getupearlytomorrow.Ifnot(=Ifyoudon'tgetupearly),youwillmissthefirstnote.（八）方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as,asif(though),theway,ratherthan等引导。e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.  Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.（九）比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than,so(as)…as,themore…themore等引导。e.g.Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.  Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.  Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。e.g.We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.  I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。e.g.When(hewas)stillaboyoften,hehadtoworkdayandnight.  If(youare)askedyoumaycome\nin.  If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。e.g.Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（地点状语从句）  Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）  Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.（宾语从句）  Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）  Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）练习、状语从句一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：1.Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.2.ThemoreIcandofortheclass,thehappierI’llbe.3.Hetalksasif(asthough)heknewallaboutit.4.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.5.Ishallgototheparkunlessitrains.6.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.7.Wherethereiswater,thereislife.8.Hestudiedhardsothathecouldcatchupwithhisclassmates.9.Sinceyouareverybusy,Iwon'ttroubleyou.10.Evenif(though)Ifail.I’llneverloseheart.11.Onceyoubeginthework,youmustcontinue.12.Iwillfindherwherevershemaybe.13.Nowthatyou'vecome,you'dbetterhavedinnerwithus.14.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn'tfallasleep.15.Wemustdoeverythingashetellsus.16.IndiaismuchbiggerthanJapan.17.Nomatterwhenyoucome,youarewarmlywelcome.18.As(So)longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates.二、选择填空：1.I’llletyouknow____hecomesback.A.before   B.because  C.assoonas  D.although2.Shewillsingasong____sheisasked.A.if    B.unless   C.for   D.since3.Wewillwork____weareneeded.A.whenever  B.because  C.since   D.wherever4.Readitaloud_____theclasscanhearyou.A.sothat  B.if    C.when      D.although5._____yougo,don'tforgetyourpeople.A.Whenever    B.However  C.Wherever  D.Whichever6.Itisabouttenyears_____Imetyoulast.A.since        B.for   C.when      D.as7.Theywillneversucceed,_____hardtheytry.A.because      B.however  C.when   D.since8._____stillhalfdrunk,hemadehiswayhome.A.When       B.Because  C.Though  D.As9._____shewasverytired,shewenton\nworking.A.As          B.Although  C.Even   D.Inspiteof10.Busy_____hewas,hetriedhisbesttohelpyou.A.as          B.when   C.since   D.for11.IlearnedalittleRussian_____Iwasatmiddleschool.A.though       B.although  C.asif   D.when12._____wegottothestation,thetrainhadleftalready.A.If           B.Unless   C.Since   D.When13._____therainstops,we'11setoffforthestation.A.Before  B.Unless   C.Assoonas  D.Though14.Shewas_____tired_____shecouldnotmoveaninch.A.so,that      B.such,that  C.very,that  D.so,as15.Wedidn’tgohome_____wefinishedthework.A.since        B.until   C.because  D.though16.I'llstayhere_____everyoneelsecomesback.A.evenif       B.asthough  C.because  D.until17.Althoughit'sraining,_____arestillworkinginthefield.A.they         B.butthey  C.andthey  D.sothey18.Speaktohimslowly_____hemayunderstandyoubetter.A.since        B.sothat   C.for   D.because19.You'llmissthetrain______youhurryup.A.unless       B.as   C.if    D.until20.Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.A.atwhich   B.atwhere  C.theplace  D.where21.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.A.and       B.but   C.as   D.unless22.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.A.until   B.unless   C.when   D.before23._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.A.Without  B.Unless   C.Except   D.Even24.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.since   B.sothat  C.asif   D.unless25._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.A.Everytime  B.Though  C.Even   D.Where26.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?A.when      B.that   C.though   D.however27.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.A.although  B.eventhoughC.sothat   D.since28.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.A.that   B.though   C.unless   D.if29.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.A.inthat   B.inorderthatC.incase   D.eventhough30.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.A.than   B.when   C.while   D.as31._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.A.Much     B.However  C.As   D.Although32.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.A.as;whereverB.though;wheneverC.inspiteof;whenD.that;wherever33.Thechildwas__immediatelyafter\nsupper.A.enoughtiredtogotobed  B.tootiredtogotobedC.sotiredthathewenttobed  D.verytired,hewenttobed34.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.A.asoldas  B.isoldthan  C.thatisasoldas   D.isasoldas35._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.A.Since   B.Once   C.When        D.Although36._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.A.As        B.Although  C.Unless    D.Inspiteof37.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.A.than   B.as   C.while    D.when38._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.A.Whichever  B.However  C.Wherever  D.Whatever39.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.A.which   B.atwhich  C.when   D.where40.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.A.because  B.so   C.if    D.as41.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas42.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.A.cheaper;notasbetter   B.morecheap;notasbetterC.cheaper;notasgood   D.morecheap;notasgood43.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswell  B.aswellas  C.sowell  D.sowellas44.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,A.hisworksarenotwidelyread    B.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread  D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread45.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.With  B.Since    C.While  D.As46.—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.after   B.when   C.before   D.since47.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;that  B.until;that  C.until;when  D.when;then48.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.A.what   B.how   C.however  D.whatever49.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that   B.where   C.which   D.when50._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.Howeverlateishe   B.HoweverheislateC.Howeverishelate   D.Howeverlateheis51.Hewillcometocallonyouthemomenthe____hispainting.A.willfinish  B.finished  C.hasfinished  D.hadfinished52.____difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttocompleteitintime.A.Nomatter  B.Nowonder  C.Though  D.However53.Itwas____thatshecouldn’tfinishitbyherself.A.sodifficultaworkB.suchadifficultwork\nC.sodifficultworkD.suchdifficultwork