初中英语宾语从句讲练 4页

 宾语从句2010.7一、引导词1、由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：Itoldhimthathewaswrong.2、在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。例：Idon’tthinkyouareright.(我认为你做的不对)3、在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。　例：Wethinkwrong.(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)4、由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。例：Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedtheexperiment.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导　例：Everythingdependson-wehaveenoughmoney。宾语从句中有ornot时不用if引导.　例：Idon’tknowthemoviestarwillcomeornot.和不定式连用作主语时不用if引导.例：togothereornothasn’tbeendecided.5、由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词when,where,why,how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。例：Doyouknow？(他们正在谈论那部电影)Idon’tknow.(他住在那里)二、宾语从句的语序，宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分　例：Ibelievethatsoon.（will，they，come）HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher.Theywantedtoknow.（他们能为我们做什么）三、宾语从句的时态。　1、宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:1)Shesaysthatsheisastudent.Shesaidthatshewasastudent.2)ShesaysthatshewillflytoJapaninaweek.　　Shesaidthat.3)Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready.Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.\n4)ShesaysthatshecansingasonginEnglish.Shesaidthatshe.2、如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：Theteachersaidthat.(地球围着太阳转)HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.3、Couldyoutellme…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。例：CouldyoutellmewhenwewillvisittheHistoryMuseum?　注意事项：　由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。　例：Shesaid:“IhavebeentoEnglandbefore.”ShesaidthatshetoEnglandbefore.Sheaskedme:“Doyoulikemaths?”Sheaskedmeifmaths.4、宾语从句与简单句的交换。由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。例：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext　Idon’tknowwhatnext.Hedidn’tknowwherehewouldlive.Hedidn’tknowwhere.5、当doyouthink,doyouknow,doyousay,doyouhope,doyouguess等放于特殊疑问词之后时，宾语从句用陈述语气。Whichonedoyouthink?(他会买)Whodoyouhope?(我们应该邀请)　　DOSOMEEXERCISES:　　1.Canyousee________?　　A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereading　　C.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat　　2.DoesJackcomefromJapan?Doyouknow?(合并成一个句子)　　Doyouknow_____Jack_____fromJapan?　　3._Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?　　_Hetoldmethathe___theDisneywouldthenextday　　A.willvisitB.hasvisited　　C.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit　　4.Hedidn’tknow__________　　A.what’sthematterB.whatthematteris　　C.whatwasthematterD.whatthematterwas　　5.Somebodycalledyoujustnow,butIdidn’tknow____　　A.whoweretheyB.whotheywere　　C.whowasitD.whoitwas\n　　6.Iwanttoknow_____　　A.whatishisnameB.what’shisname　　C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis　　7.---Couldyoutellme___sheislookingfor?　　---Hercousin,susan.　　A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which　　8.---WhatareyousearchingtheInternetfor?　　---I’mtryingtofindout____.　　A.WhatisthedifferencebetweenSARSandBIRDFLU　　B.HowmanypersonshavediedinIraq　　C.Howtoprotectourenvironment　　D.WhyisourChineseteambeabletobeatKorea　　9.Doyouknow___________?(谁正在唱歌)　　10.Doyouknow___________?(她正在和谁谈话)　　11.Doyouknow___________?(昨天发生了什么事)(答案在下页)　Thekeys:1A.2if,comes.3D.4C.5D.6D.7C.8B　　9whoissinging　　10whosheistalkingwith　　11whathappenedyesterdayI．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．   A.if;Whether    B.whether;Whether      C.if;That    D.if;If2.Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.   A.whendoeshecome      B.howwillhecome     C.ifhecomes       D.whetherhe'llcome3.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?   A.what      B.how      C.whether     D.where4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp?   A.howdidhemend   B.whatdidhemend      C.howhemended     D.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_________.   A.whomisshelookingafter       B.whomsheislooking   C.whomisshelooking               D.whomsheislookingafter6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?\n   A.helives    B.doeshelive     C.helived     D.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?   A.thetrainleave B.doesthetrainleave  C.willthetrainleave  D.thetrainleaves8.Idon'tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?   A.howthetwoplayersareold     B.howoldarethetwoplayers   C.thetwoplayersarehowold     D.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________.   A.whatistheirstockingsin        B.whatisintheirstockings   C.whereistheirstockingsin      D.whatintheirstockings10.Ican'tunderstand_________.   A.whatdoesChristmasmean     B.whatChristmasdoesmean   C.whatmeanChristmasdoes     D.whatChristmasmeans  II.按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改写句子）   →Couldyoutellus_________Mr.Brown_________livinginChina?2."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（变为复合句）   →Heaskedme_________thegirl_________somehelp．3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并为一个句子）   _________Jim_________Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）   Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not．．．until改写)       They_________gohome_________theyhadfinishedtheirhomework．6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)   LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday. 宾语从句专项训练参考答案：I.1—5DDDCD6—10ADDBDII.1.if／whether;enjoys    2.if／whether;needed   3.Neither;nor   4.when;leaves   5.didn't;until    6.whether;came