初中英语时态总结(较简单) 8页

1、一般现在时：l用法:1)现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如：Igetupatsixeverymorning.Heplaystennisonceaweek.2)现在的状态。例如：Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.3）客观真理。例如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often，usually，sometimes，always，everyday，never，inthemorning等连用时。l构成：主语是I,we,you,they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he,she,it和名词单数时，动词第三人称单数的变法如下：一般情况＋s以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾＋es以辅音＋y结尾变y为i＋es主语为第三人称和名词单数时：肯定式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数否定式:S+don't/doesn't+V+其他疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does(否)No,S+do/doesnot注意：have的第三人称单数为has主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数Iamastudent.We/You/Theyarestudents.He/Sheisastudent.I/We/You/They/likemusic.Manypeoplelikemusic.Iamnotastudent.We/You/Theyarenotstudents.He/Sheisnotastudent.I/We/You/They/don’tlikemusic.Manypeopledon’tlikemusic.Areyouastudent.Areyou/theystudents?Ishe/sheastudent?Doyou/theylikemusic?Domanypeoplelikemusic?l当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：肯定式:S+be+···否定式:S+be+not+···疑问式:Am/Is/Are+S+···?简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+be.(否)No,S+be.练习题：1.---MayIhelpyou,sir?---Yes,IboughttheTVthedaybeforeyesterday,butit______.A.didn’tworkB.doesn’tworkC.won’tworkD.can’twork2．______thebusuntilit______..A.Getoff,stopsB.Getoff,willstopC.Don’tgetoff,stopsD.Don’tgetoff,willstop3．The70-year-oldman______exercisesinthemorning.A.takesB.aretakingC.tookD.willtake2.现在进行时l用法：1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：Sheishavingabathnow.2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如：8\nYouareworkinghardtoday.KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.3）频度副词always,forever等词连用时，表示某种强烈的感情。如：Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.(表示欣赏，表扬)4）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词）。如：Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o’clock..5)常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now,look,listen等。l构成：be+v-ingv-ing现在分词的构成：一般情况cook-cooking以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ingmake-making,taste-tasting以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.run-running,stop-stopping,2)肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句：S+be+V-ing否定句：S+be+not+V-ing一般疑问句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing？特殊疑问：wh_+be+S+V-ing?e.g.主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数Iamdriving.He/She/Itisworking.We/You/Theyaredoingsomething.Iamnotdriving.He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/Theyarenotdoinganything.Areyoudriving?Ishe/she/itworking?Areyou/theydoingsomething?练习题：1．Idon’tthinkthatit’strue.She’s______lies.A.tellB.tellsC.tellingD.told1.How______you______withthenewjob?A.do,doB.do,getalongC.are,doingD.are,gettingon3．---Arethesesocksyours?---No.Mine______outsideontheclothesline.A.arehangingB.havehungC.hangD.hung3．一般将来时l用法：1．将要发生的动作。例如：IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.2．将要存在的状态。例如：ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?3．打算要做的事。例如：Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?3)常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrownextweekin2008等。l构成：1.助动词will(shall)+v2.be+goingto+v练习题：1.I______forHongKongonSaturday.Willyougotoseemeoffattheairport？A.amleavingB.amleftC.amgoingtoleavingD.left2.I______toseegrandmaandhelpherwithsomehouseworkeveryweek.A.cameB.amgoingcomeC.comeD.willcome3.WeChinese______theOlympicGamesin2008.8\nA.heldB.shallholdingC.areholdingD.aregoingtohold4．一般过去时l用法：1．过去发生的动作。例如：Thepolicestoppedmeonmywayhomelastnight.2．过去存在的状态。例如：Theyweren'tabletocomebecausetheyweresobusy.3.常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，threemonthsago，lastyear，in1979，等。l构成：S+V-ed用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母＋y结尾去y变i＋ed重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数Iwasastudent.We/You/Theywerestudents.He/Shewasastudent.I/We/You/They/likedmusic.Manypeoplelikedmusic.Iwasnotastudent.We/You/Theywerenotstudents.He/Shewasnotastudent.I/We/You/They/didn’tlikemusic.Manypeopledidn’tlikemusic.Wereyouastudent.Wereyou/theystudents?Washe/sheastudent?Didyou/theylikemusic?Didmanypeoplelikemusic?练习题：1．Mr.Mottisout.Buthe______hereafewminutesago.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe2．---Hi,Tom.---Hello,Fancy.I______youwerehere.A.don’tknowB.won’tthinkC.thinkD.didn’tknow3．HepromisedtotellmebyhimselfwhenI______.A.comeB.wouldcomeC.comeD.hadcome5、过去进行时l概念：1)过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如：ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil.Whatwereyoudoingat10o'clocklastnight?2)常用于过去进行时的时间状语：atfouryesterdayafternoon，then，atthattime/moment等。l构成：was/were+v-ing1）Daddypromisedmehe_____meacomputerA.wasboughtB.hadboughtCboughtD.wouldbuy2）Theysaidthey______dosomesportsifitwasfine.A.weregoingtoB.wentC.wouldgoingD.weregoing8\n6、现在完成时l概念：1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already,just,ever,never,before等词连用.如:Shehasneverreadthisnovel.2)表示“过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去.常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如:IhavebeenamemberofthePartyfor10years.IhavebeenamemberofthePartysince10yearsago.注：在有for和since引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如：Hehasdiedfor3years.(F)Hehasbeendeadfor3years.(T)注：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in1998,lastmorning等②have/hasbeento表示“去过”（去了又回来了）have/hasgoneto表示“去过”（去了没回来了）如：Wherehasshegone?(句中所指的人不在)Wherehasshebeen?(句中作指的人在)l构成：have/has+v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：肯定句：S+have（has）+V-ed否定句：S+have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’t)+V-ed一般疑问句：Have(Has)+S+V-ed+？特殊疑问句：wh_+have(has)+S+V-ed+？主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I/We/You/Theyhavebeenherebefore.He/Shehasbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaveseenthefilm.I/We/You/Theyhaven’tbeenherebefore.He/Shehasn’tbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaven’tseenthefilm.Haveyou/theybeenherebefore?Hashe/shebeenherebefore?Haveyou/they/manypeopleseenthefilm?练习题：1.--Howlong______he______afever?---Eversincelastnight.A.have,gotB.have,hadC.have,caughtD.did,have2.Mybowlisempty.Who______allmysoup?A.drinksB.haddrunkC.hasdrunkD.drank3.I______youforalongtime.Where______you______?A.Didn’tseen;did,goB.didn’tsee;have,goneC.haven’tseen;have,beenD.haven’tseen;havegone8中考英语时态真题集锦1.——Whatdoyoudo?——I’manengineer.I_____inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.A.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.worked2.—Isyourfatheradoctor?—Yes,heis.He________inTownHospital.A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.worked3.Everyyearmanyforeigners_________toChinatolearnChinese.8\nA.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.come4.Mymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe_________freethisweekend.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe5.Thegirlswillhaveatripifit_________fine.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen6.——Where’sSusan,Mike?——She_________inthekitchen.A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascooked7.——Haveyougotajoboffer?——Notyet.I___________.A.waitedB.amwaitingC.waitD.waswaiting8.——DoyouthinkJohnwillhelpmemovethepiano?—You’dbetternotaskhim.He____acomposition.A.writeB.writesC.iswritingD.wrote9.——Where’sthechildren,MrBlack?——Oh,they______theirPElessonontheplayground.A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.havehad10.——What’syourbrotherdoinginhisroomnow?——He____________akite.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.willmake11.---WhereisFranknow?---He_______hisbikeintheyard.A.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingupD.fixed12.——Mary,couldyouhelpme?——Waitamoment.I_________.A.readabookB.didmyhomeworkC.waswatchingTVD.amcookingdinner13.——Listen，who_________intheroom?——Let’sgoandsee.A.iscryingB.cryingC.cryD.cries14.——Areyouababy-sisterhere?——No.I________afterthebabyinsteadofMsGreen.Sheisawayforshopping.A.lookB.amlookingC.havelookedD.looked15.—What’sthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing,Alex?—Roastduck!I_________toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek.A.havegoneB.goC.willgoD.went16.——Doyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23-year-oldMichaelPhelps_____atthe2008SummerOlympicGames?——Eight.A.winB.winsC.wonD.haswon17.WewereinQingdaolastweekand__greatfunthere.A.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.have18.Yesterday，Tony’sfamily_________agoodtime.A.hasB.haveC.had19.I’msorryyou’vemissedthetrain.It__10minutesago.A.leftB.hasleftC.hadleft20.——MrGreen,__________you________ThreeLanesandAlleys（三坊七巷）lastSunday?——No,butI’llvisitthemnextweek.A.will;gotoB.have;beentoC.did;gotoD.have;goneto21.——Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?——He_____usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.A.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istold22.——Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.—Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_____.A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone23.——Where’sthecakeImadethismorning?——We____it,mum.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?A.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeating24.——Haveyoumendedyourshoes，Bob?——Yes，I_________themtwentyminutesagoA．havemendedB．mendC．hadmendedD．mended25.——Theofficewasbrokenintolastnight．Someonethinksyoudidit．8\n—ButI_thewholenightwithmybestfriend，John．A．spendB．amspendingC．spentD．hadspent26.——When_____forHongKong,doyouknow?——I’mnotsure.Whenhe____,I’llletyouknow.A.heleaves;leavesB.willheleave;willleaveC.heleaves;willleaveD.willheleave;leaves27.——WherewilltheygonextSunday?——They___________totheGreatWall.A.willgoB.goC.hasgoneD.went28.——Hashereturnedthelibrarybookyet?——Notyet.Don’tworry.He_________itsoon.A.returnedB.hasreturnedC.willreturnD.returns29.——Lookatthenoisykids!——Haven’tyouheardthesaying“Whenthecatisaway,themice______.”?A.playB.playedC.areplayingD.willplay30.Hedoesn’ttellmewhenhe_________.I’llcallyouupassoonashe__________.A.willcome,arrivesB.comes,arrivesC.willcome,willarrive31.Ifit_______tomorrow,we_______traveloutside.A.willrain;willB.rains;won’tC.willrain;won’t32.——Jim,canyouhelpmetowashthedishes?——Sorry,Dad.I__________totheshop.A.goB.wentC.amgoingD.havebeen33.---_____thelatestTimemagazine_______yet?-----Sorry,it’slate.Maybetomorrow.A.Will;arriveB.Has;arrivedC.Do;arriveD.Did;arrive34.Susanisn’therenow.She________toEngland.Shewillcomebacknextmonth.A.willgoB.hasgoneC.goesD.went35.—Howlong___KoreansingerJangNara__China?—Fouryears.ShecanspeakandsinginChinese.A.does;gotoB./;wasinC.has;beentoD.has;beenin36.——Wouldyouliketoseethefilmwithme?——I’msorryI________ittwice.A.seeB.amseeingC.willseeD.haveseen37.Lucy______herdogandnowsheiswalkingit.A.willfindB.isfindingC.hasfoundD.finds38.—Hello!CanIspeaktoAlice?—Sorrysheisn’thererightnow.She_____totheshop.A.goesB.willgoC.hasgoneD.wasgoing39.(2008杭州)She__________thatsamesongsomanytimes.I’mgettingsickofit!A.singsB.sangC.willsingD.hassung40.——_________you________yourdictionary?——No,soIhavetobuyanewonetoday.A.Did;findB.Have;foundC.Are;findingD.Had;found41.I_____toCapeTown,soIknownothingaboutit.A.don’ttravelB.won’ttravelC.haven’ttraveledD.hadn’ttraveled42.——______you______thefilmHarryPotter5?——Notyet.I’llseeitthisSunday.A.Did;seeB.Are;seeingC.Have;seenD.Do;see43.Iwon’tforgetmyteacherbecauseshe________sokindtomesinceIcametothisschool.A.hasbeenB.willbeC.hasD.is44.——MayIspeaktoTom?——Sorry,heisnotathome.He____toShanghai.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.goes45.Inthepastfewyearsthere_______greatchangesinmyhometown.A.havebeenB.wereC.hadbeenD.are46.HenryspeaksChineseverywell.He________inChinasince2002.A.staysB.stayedC.isstayingD.hasstayed8\n47.—ChenJie,theworkers___ournewlibraryalready.——Really?I’llgothereandborrowsomebooks.A.decoratedB.aredecoratingC.havedecoratedD.weredecorated48.——It’sraining!Whendiditstart?—Idon’tknowexactly.Infact,it____allthisafternoon.A.lastsB.haslastedC.lastedD.willlast49.——Areyougoingtoseethefilmwithus?——No,thanks.I________it.A.sawB.haveseenC.seeD.wasseeing50.——Theysaythere'sanewrestaurantnearby．——Yes，andit______fornomorethanaweek．A．hasbeenopenB．opensC．isopeningD．isopened51.——Kitty，willyougotoseethefilmColdMountainthisevening?——No，Iwon't.I_________italready．A．sawB．haveseenC．seeD．willsee52.——Howlong___thefilmKINGKONG____?——Forjustseveralminutes．A．did，beginB.has，begunC．has,beenon53.——Ididn’tseeyouwhenIcameherelastnight.Wherewereyou?——I___________myprojectathome.A.designedB.havedesignedC.woulddesignD.wasdesigning54.Mymother_________dinnerwhenIcameback.A.cooksB.hascookedC.iscookingD.wascooking55.—Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh．I'msorry.I_____dinneratmyfriend’shome.A.hadB.washavingC.havehad56.What_______whenyourmothercalledyouup?A．areyoudoingB.didyoudoC．youweredoingD.wereyoudoing57.——Icalledyouathalfpastninethismorning,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh,sorry.I__withmycousininthesupermarket.A.shopB.wasshoppingC.shoppedD.willshop58.——IknockedintoatreewhenIwenttotherailwaystationformyfriend.——Isupposeyou___________toofast.A.driveB.aredrivingC.droveD.weredriving59.WhenIwenttosaygoodbyetoAnna,she________thepiano.A.isplayingB.playsC.wasplayingD.played60.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe___atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willgo61.——DickgavemeanotewhileI______inthelibrary.——Iguesshemadeittosay“sorry”toyouA.amreadingB.wasreadingC.readsD.willread62.——YouwereoutwhenIdroppedbyyourhouse.——Oh,I_____forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.havewaited63.LastnightI_________thehomepageformyclasswhenmyfriendcallme.A.designedB.hasdesignedC.wasdesigningD.woulddesign64.——Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?——Sorry.Ididn’tcatchit.I_____somethingelse.A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.hadthought65.Mary___________thepianowell.Sheisoftenaskedtoplayattheconcert.A.playB.playsC.playingD.played66.He’llsendusamessageassoonashe____inSichuan.A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrives67.Don’tturnofftheradio.I_______tothenews.A.listenB.havelistenedC.listenedD.amlistening68.——HaveyouseenMr.Smith?8\n——Yes.Look,he_______hisbikeoverthere.A.cleansB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.hascleaned69.Don’tturnontheTV.Grandma__________now.A.issleepingB.willsleepC.sleptD.sleeps70.——Whatareyoudoing,Cathy?——I’m________mycat.Ican’tfindit.A.lookingforB.lookingatC.lookingupD.lookingafter71.Hewentintohisroom,__thelightandbegantowork.A.hasturnedonB.willturnonC.turnsonD.turnedon72.——Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?——I_________basketballwithmyfriends.A.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplaying73.---Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.What’sthematter?---I______welllastnight.A.didn’tsleepB.don’tsleepC.haven’tsleptD.won’tsleep74.I________tothebookshopassoonasschoolisoverthisafternoon.A.willgoB.havegoneC.goD.went75.I_______theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.A.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.return76.Frank______afilmifhe’sfreenextSaturday.A.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.willsee77.Ihearthathewillbeback___twoweeks’time.A.atB.inC.afterD.for78.I_______onthecomputerwhenJimcametoseemeyesterdayevening.A．drawB．drewC.wasdrawingD.amdrawing79.I________myhomeworkwhilemyparents_______TVlastnight.A．did；havewatchedB.wasdoing;werewatchingC．haddone；werewatchingD.woulddo;werewatching80.They__about“SupperVoiceGirl”.let’sjointhem.A.talkB.aretalkingC.havetalkedD.talked8