初中英语语法(含题目) 32页

基础语法部分姓名________学号_______一、名词1、可数名词和不可数名词怎样来表示数量？哪些名词既可数又不可数名词？(7个单词)基数词+可数名词复数或用many,afew,alotof/lotsof/plentyof,some,any+可数名词复数：eightoranges,manystudents,lotsoftomatoes,someboys(注意区别some_____某个男孩),anymatches(注意区别any_____任何比赛),sixboxesofbooks基数词+量词(piece,kind,box,bottle,cup,glass,bag…)+不可数名词或用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof/plentyof,some,any+不可数名词：twopiecesofpaper,threeboxesoforange,fortybagsofrice,fivecupsoftea,muchwater,somedrink,anyadvice_____(工作，作品、工厂),_____(橙汁，桔子),_____(时间，次数、倍数),______(鸡肉，小鸡),______(纸，试卷、报纸),______(玻璃，玻璃杯),_______(空间，房间)，_______(运动，练习)2、可数名词的数（1）单数：___egg,___greendesk,____orange,_____yelloworange,___interestingfilm,___eight-year-oldboy（2）可数名词复数如何变？规则(1)、一般情况加____：pen→______,doctor→______(2)、以___，____，___，____，结尾的词加____：bus→_____，class→_____，box→______，fox→______，watch→______，brush→_____,wish→_____(3)、以辅音母加___结尾的词变“____”为“____”再加_____：city→_____,factory→_____,country→_____,family→_____,baby→______,story→_____,party→______,century→_______,worry→______(4)、以元音字母加___结尾的名词的复数形式只加___：boy→_____,day→_____,key→____,way→_____,toy→______(5)、以____结尾的词多数都加____：hero→_____，potato→_______，tomato→_______(6)、词末有两个元音字母的词和外来词只加____：zoo→______，radio→_____，photo→_______，piano→______(7)以___或_____结尾的词，多数变____为____再加____：knife→______，leaf→______,half→______,thief→_______,wife→______(注意：roof(屋顶)→roofs；scarf→_______/________)。不规则(7个单词)man→_____，woman→_______，tooth→_____，foot→______，goose→______，child→_______，mouse→______,policeman→_________,policewoman→_________,Englishman→________单数形式而只能表示复数(2个单词)_______人,________警察单复数形式相同(6个单词)________中国人，_______日本人，_____绵羊，_____鹿，_____鱼，_____方式复数形式只能是单数(3个单词)______新闻,_____数学,_______物理一般只有复数无单数(6个单词)_____(裤子),____眼镜,_____衣服,____(货物),______(筷子)____剪刀单数形式既单数又复数：family,class,team,group等指个体成员时为_______，指整体时为_______复合词的复数如何变(1)主名词为复数：bananatree→__________,daughterinlaw→_________,(儿媳)，boystudent→__________，girlfriend→__________，shoefactory→___________(2)如是man或woman作定语时，同时变复数：mandriver→________(男司机)womandoctor→_________(女大夫)(3)sport一般用复数作定语：sportsbag→_________,sportsshoe→________⑨人名复数的用法及意思是什么？The+人名表示_______TheGreens=_______family谓语用____3、名词所有格的加法及用法(1)单数后___：a________(学生)room,my_______(母亲)father(2)以___结尾的复数在__后加__：______(双胞胎)rooms,_______(教师)Day(注意：以___结尾的单数名词加____，如是姓氏(名字)时，则可以直接加___或加__：an_______(女演员)experience,a_______(女服务员)job，______(James)sister或______sister，______(Jones)books或______books)(3)特殊名词复数加____：_______(儿童)Day,________(妇女)Day,_______(鼠)hair(4)由and连接的表示共同拥有加______为所有格：___________(玛丽和约翰)father,_________(NickandTim)bedroom（注意：分别拥有则_____加所有格：____________(JimandMike)mothers,_____________(JackandLucy)chairs）(5)在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用____(此结构可以用连字号表示，此时所有格只能用单数)：atwenty_______(分钟)walk=a__________walk，ten______(英里)journey=________journey(旅行)，a_______(船)length(长度)，two_______weight=two-poundweight(两磅重),ten_______worth=ten-dollarworth(值10美元)。4、双重所有格的组成是什么？（1）a(two…)+名词______(_____)+_____+名词_____（_____物主代词）第32页共32页\n=one(two…)____+名词_____（_____物主代词）+名词_____：我父亲的一个朋友a_____of____________=oneofmy_____________,我照片中的一张aphotoof_____=oneof_____________（2）the+名词+____+名词=(the)+名词______+名词：the______(猫)name=thename____the____,the_____(狗)legs=thelegs_____the_____,_____(中国)population=thepopulation__________,China’scapital=thecapitalofChina反馈练习：１、whichofthefollowingwordsarecountable,whichareuncountable?Giveboththesingleformsandpluralformswork,music,milk,homework,chalk,child,stamp,watch,match,housework,life,knife,man,policeman,news,paper,tomato,tooth,sheep,coffee,factory,tea,photo,boy,piano,mouse,photo,month,vegetable,newspaper,people,message,information,wolf,wife2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish两张纸，一个姑娘的名字，　汤姆叔叔是我爸爸的一位朋友，　二十分钟的走路路程，这家医院有６３名女医生和１００男医生，这是Sue和Susan共有的房间3.choice1).Duringthe_____trip,thechildrenlearntalotA.ten-daysB.tendays’C.tendayD.tenday’s2）.Idon’tknowwhosemotorbikeitis.Itmightbemy______.\A.neighbor’sB.neighbours’C.neighbourD.neighbours3）.______itis!A.WhatafineweatherB.WhatfineweatherC.HowfineweatherD.Howfineaweather4）.______arewatchingTVnow.A.Mr.GreenB.TheGreenC.TheGreensD.Mrs.Green5）.Doyouhave____timetotakesomeexercise?A.someB.manyC.anyD.afew6）.Samis____.ButheisstudyinginChina.A.EnglandB.EnglishmanC.anEnglishD.English7）.Iamverythirty.Wouldyoupleasebringmesome_____?A.ricesB.cakesC.orangeD.apieceofbread8）.Hedoesn'tknow____Englishbecausehehasstudieditforonly____weeks.A.much,afewB.little,fewC.few,alittleD.afew,alittle9）.Iaskedherfor____water,butshedidn’thave___.A.any,someB.any,anyC.some,someD.some,any10）.Ican’tplaybecauseIhave____worktodoand___bookstoread.A.many,manyB.many,muchC.much,manyD.much,much11）.Hewassothirstythathedrank______.A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwatersC.twoglassesofwaterD.twoglasswater12）.Theshopdoesn’tsell_____.A.awatchB.watchesC.watchD.watchs13）.Myfatherboughttwo______yesterday.A.boxofappleB.boxesofapplesC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapple14）.Therearetwelve_____inayear.A.monthB.monthesC.monthsD.themonth15）.Therearealotof____downtherebuthardlyany_____.A.sheeps,peopleB.sheep,peopleC.sheeps,peoplesD.sheep,peoples16）.There_____sheepinthefield.A.aremuchB.issmallC.isafewD.isalittle17）.Wewalkwithour____.A.footB.footsC.feetD.afoot18）.Itisnotmydictionary.It’s_____.A.AnnB.Ann’ssisterC.Annsister’sD.Ann’ssister’s19）.Mr.Liisafriendof____.A.John’suncleB.Johnuncle’sC.John’suncle’sD.Johnuncle20）.___deskisthecleanestintheclassroom.A.Ann’sandTomB.AnnandTom’sC.AnnandTomD.Ann’sandTom’s第32页共32页\n21）.Therearefourchairsinmyroom,oneineach____A.sideB.floorC.wallD.corner22）.Wouldyoulikefruit?---Yes,___ismyfavourite.A.tomatoB.beefC.breadD.Thepear二、数词1、写出1-110和2048，8563的基数词和序数词，基数与序数如何转换______/______=1st_____/______=2nd______/______=3rd_____/______=4th_____/_____=5th_____/_____=6th______/______=7th_____/______=8th______/_____=9th____/______=10th______/_______=11th______/_______=12th______/_______=13th________/_________=14th_______/________=15th_______/_______=16th________/_______=17th________/________=18th_______/_________=19th________/_______=20th_________/_________=21st_________/__________=22nd________/_________=23rd_________/___________=24th_________/_________25th…________/__________=29th_________/________=30th…_______/_______=40th…______/_______=50th…______/_______=60th…_______/_______=70th…________/________=80th…_______/_______=90th…_______/_______=91st…________/_______=99th_____________/_____________=100th______________/_________________=101st_______________/___________________=102nd…_______________/_______________=110th____________________________/_________________________=__________________________________________/___________________________________=__________注意：序数词前一般用_____表示“第几”：____ninthgirl第九的一个女孩,____eighteenthdesk第十八的一张桌子；但也可用___或_____表示“再、又”，相当于another或基数词+more：___ninthgirl=_____ninegirls=nine_____girls再要九个女孩基数与序数如何转换：名词+基数(每词首字母大写=the+序数+名词(每词的首字母小写)第8单元:___________=the___________5路公交车:___________5=the_____5______2、准确数与概数；钟点；时间长度距离名词等的表达法和用法基数词+________(百)/________(千)________/__________(百万)+名词____，some/many/few/several(无基数词)________(百)/________(千)________/__________(百万)+______+名词______点+分（＜30）=分+_____/_____+点：在5:20at___________=at____________five,点+分（＞30）=60-分+_____+点+1：在4:40atfour_______=at___________five译：9:28____________,_________________11:45______________,____________________基数+名词___+形容词相当于名词=基数-名词___-形容词复数：twelve_____(岁)old=twelve-_____-_____，而基数+名词_______+形容词相当于形容词作定语=基数-名词____-形容词：atwelve_____(岁)oldboy=atwelve-_____-_____boy3、分数如何表示，作主语时谓语如何确定？组成：_____(＞one)+______(有的加上连字符号)，谓语根据所修饰的____的数来确定谓语的数：3/4___________=_____________,Six_______(11)ofwater_____runoutof.Four______(9)ofapples______inthebag.反馈练习：()1.Ifyougooutatnight,you’llbeabletosee____starts.A.thousandsofB.thousandofC.ninethousandsofD.thousands()2.Mondayis___dayoftheweek.A.firstB.thefirstC.thesecondD.second()3.You’vedoneittwice.Whynottry____time?A.thirdB.thethirdC.athirdD.once()4.Whichisthe____month?It’sSeptember.A.nineB.ninethC.ninthD.ninety()5.Decemberis___oftheyear.A.thetwelfthmonthsB.thetwelfthmonth第32页共32页\nC.thetwelvethmonthsD.twelvemonths()6.Thereare___floorsinthebuildingandhelivesonthe____floor.A.eighteen,fifteenB.eighteenth,fifteenthC.eighteen,fiveteenD.eighteen,fifteenth()7.Iwasborn___,1982.A.onJune2rdB.inJune2ndC.onJunetwoD.onJune2()8.It’s____fromourhometothezoo.A.twoandahalfhours’walkB.ahalfandtwohourswalkC.twohoursandahalfhour’swalkD.twoandahalfhour’swalk()9.Whattimeisitnow?It’s___tosix.A.quarterB.aquarterC.quartoC.aquarto()10.Willyoubebackin____?A.oneortwominutesB.oneminuteortwoC.twominutesoroneD.twooroneminute()11.Mary’sunclewenttoFrance____.A.inhisthirtiesB.onhisthirtiesC.athisthirtiesD.abouthisthirties()12.Theheadmasterwrotea___report.A.twothousandwordsB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousandwordsD.two-thousand-word()13.____oftheapplesinthefruitbowlaresoftandsweet.A.Two-thirdB.Second-thirdC.Two-thirdsD.Second-thirds()14.Wehavelearnedabout____thesedays.A.severalhundredsEnglishwordsB.hundredsofEnglishwordsC.hundredofEnglishwordsD.severalhundredEnglishword()15.AUNreportsaysthatthewordpopulationwillpasssixbillionbytheendof____century.A.twentiethB.twentyC.thetwentiethD.thetwentyth三、代词1、人称代词的主格和宾格分别是哪些？如何区别使用？(写出)I____you____she____they（作主语，位于动词前）____us___him____it_____（作宾语，位于动词后）2、物主代词的名词性和形容词性分别是哪些？如何区别使用？(写出)my____yourhisher____their（不能单独用，后面须接名词）____oursyours________its_____(单独用，后不接名词)注意its____,it’s____(汉语)3、人称代词使用时应注意1）分清its和it’s:its它的。例如:Theclockhasitsface.it’s=itis例如：It’satoyclock.2）.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，名词是单数，名词性物主代词为单数，反之为复数。例如：Hisbrotherisasoldier.Mineisadriverandhersisanengineer.Ileftmyclothesonthechair.Where_____his?afriendofhis/mine/yours=oneofhis…friends第32页共32页\n3).Afriendofhis/mine=oneofhis/myfriends;thewatchofhers4).冠词不能和形容词性物主代词一起用例如：amycat(wrong)5).This/that+单数名词;these/those+复数名词.6).Inthedialogue,（it）canbeusedtoreferto(this/that),（they）referto(these/those)7).that可用来代替前面提到过的单数名词或不可数名词，those代替复数名词例如：Theweathertodayisfinerthanthatyesterday.TheradiosmadeinBeijingareasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai.3、反身代词有哪些？(写出)常与哪些动词或介词搭配？(6个动词，3个介词)myself______(我们自己)yourselfyourselves_______(他自己)_______(她自己)itself__________(他们自己)(单独用，作宾语，一般不作主语)_____(教)/hurt/_____(帮助)/dress/call/kill…oneself;by/for/of/beangrywith…oneself注意：不可作定语表示某物是自己的，只能用名词+ofone’sown：acarof__________=_________car我自己的车(不能说myselfcar或acarofmyself)4、不定代词有哪些？(写出)复合不定代词有哪些？(写出)它们用什么代词代替？位置如何？不定代词：_____两者都,______所有都,_____一些，某一,_____一些，任何一个,______两个中任一个,_______两个都不,each,one,few,little复合不定代词：everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere,anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere,something,somebody,someone,somewhere,nothing,nobody,none,nowhere这些词指物用____代替，指人用_____或____代替，有形容词修饰时放在这些单词后面。同时区别以下不定代词：(1)little,few,alittle,afewlittle+不可数名词(否定意思),few+可数名词复数(否定意思),alittle+不可数名词(肯定),afew+可数名词复数(肯定)Theproblemisveryhard,_____peoplecanworkitout.Thereis_____rice,pleasebuysomebackhome.Icanspeakonly______French,soIcan’ttalkwiththem.Quite______studentslikeplayinggames.Isaw______boyplayingwithacatontheplayground.(思考：填afew变哪个单词)(2)any,someany+可数名词复数/不可数名词(用于否定句和疑问句)；any+可数名词单数表示任何一个…(用于陈述肯定句)some+可数名词复数/不可数名词(用于陈述肯定句或委婉语气的句子)；some+可数名词单数表示某一个….(用于陈述肯定句)Iaskfor______help._____girlsarereadingunderthetree.Peoplecanflytothemoon______day.Wouldyoulike_______fruit?_____girllikeshearingnicewords.Doyouwant______milk?Didheeat_____apples?Wouldyoulikecoffee,waterortea?______isOK.Idon’tmind.注意：some,any与thing,body,one构成的合成词的用法与some,any一样(3)it,one,that,those,thisit代替前文所指的物，特指，单数，也可代替天气、时间、距离、或形式主语与宾语，也可指人，当不知对方性别时用it。例如Whereisyourbook?Itisoverthere.Itisrainytoday.Itistenminutes’walkfromhereIttakesmetenminutestowalkfromthere.Ifounditveryhardtolearngrammar.Thebabyiscrying.Itmaybehungry代替前文所指的物，复数用them。one代替上文所指的同一类物，泛指，可数单数，复数用ones。不可数用that代替，同时常用于两者比较中的另一者，如果是复数则用those代替，另外打电话询问对方是谁用that代替，不用you，而回答我是谁时用Thisis…代替，不用I’m…。Ihaveadog.____isveryclever.Ihavesometoys,doyouhave_____,Mike?Who’s______?_____isNick.Ifound_____easytostudyEnglishwell.第32页共32页\nTheweatherinChongqingishotterthan_____inBeijinginsummer.Don’tthrowitlike_______.______orangeisredderthanthat______.Thebooksinthelibraryaremuchmorethan_____inthebookstore.反馈练习：It/that/one用以指前文提到过的单数名词them/those/ones用以指前文提到过的复数名词1.Thebagisinthemiddleoftheroad.Let’smove____away.2.Ifyouneedaneraser,Icanlendyou_____.3.Ifyouneedtheeraser,Icanlend_____toyou.4.Ihaveanewcoatandsomeold_____.5.Thestoryofmyfatherismoreinterestingthan____ofmine.6.Theweatherhereiswarmerthan____inBeijing.7.Thetemperatureinthedaytimeishalfof_____atnight.7.Theexercisesinthispaperaremucheasierthan____inthemid-termpaper.8.Myradioisbroken.Iwillbuyanew____.结论1、that,those后常跟介词短语（that/those+介词短语）前文是不可数名词时只能用that替代2、one/ones前常有形容词、冠词、数量词、等修饰。3、it指前文提到的那个名词(4)noone,none,everyone,everyonenoone常指人，回答who，后不接of；而none指物或人均可，后可接of，回答howmany或howmuch；everyone指人或物，后可接of，而everyone指人，后不接of。均表示数量是3或3者以上。______ofusishere.______arelate._______ishappytowatchmovies._____ofusismoved.--Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?---_________.TheyarehavingP.Eontheplayground.--Whoisintheclassroom?---_________.TheyarehavingP.Eontheplayground.---Howmuchmilkisthereinthebottle?---_______.Pleasegiveanotherone.(5)both,all,either,neither,any,none,each,every(注意：有的题答案不只一个)bothallneithernoneeitheranyeachevery数量=2≥3=2≥3=2≥3≥2≥3接of可否可可可可可可可否名单复数复复单不单单单单可数与不可数可可、不可可、否可可可可可否单独用可可可可可可可否谓语(单复)复复、单三单复、单三单三单三单三单词组both…and….和….都(谓复)neither…nor既不……也不(谓靠近)either…or或者….或者(谓近)eachothereverythreeweeks每三天everyotherday每隔一天注意它们后接of时的名词均为复数或代词宾格，而all,noneof后还可以接不可数名词。Therearemanybuildingson_____sideofstreet.Therearemanytreeson_____sideofplayground.Therearemanybuildingon______sidesofstreet.Therearemanytreeson______sidesofplayground._____ofthetwinsaregoodatEnglish.____thefoodintheshophasgonebad.Helikes____thesubjectsintheschool.You’dbetteruse___youreyesandyourmindwhenyouarerecitingthetext.第32页共32页\n---Doyouwantbananasorpears?---_____,I’dlikeapples.---Doyouwantbananasorpears?---_____isOK,Idon’tmind.Hecan’tswimverywell,Ican’t____./_____canI.---Doyouwantbananas,orangesorpears?---______,I’dlikeapples.---Doyouwantbananas,orangeorpears?---______isOK,Idon’tmind.______ofthemhasspokenatthemeeting._____ofthemhavespokenatthemeeting._____ofyourparentsisathome.______ofyourparentsareathome.LilyandLucybothlikesinging,but____ofthemisgoodatdancing.Theoldmanhassixchildren,but____ofthemwouldtakecareofhim.Whoisintheroom?______.Howmuchmoneyisthereinthebox?____.Itisempty.Each/everystudenthasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.=______ofushasaEnglish-Chinesedictionary.=We_______haveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Iam_____astudentnorworker.Iam_____astudentandworker._____twinisreadingintheroom.______boyintheclasslovesher.(6)many,much,toomuch,muchtoo,manymore,muchmore,toomany,somany,somuch(注意：有的题答案不只一个)many/toomany/somany+可数名词复数，manymore+可数名词复数than…；much/toomuch/somuch+不可数名词，muchmore+多音节形容词/副词(或不可数名词)than…；muchtoo+形容词原级(副词)Wecan’tplaywithyoubecausewehave______homeworktodo.Thisstoryis______interestingthanthatone.Ihave______booksthanyou.Hedrank______waterthanme.IdisliketheTVplaywhichis_______boring.Thereare______peoplethattheroomcan’tholdthem.Thankyou_______.=_______thanks.______studentslikeseeingthefilm“2012”.(7)other,theother,others,theothers,another(some/any/many+)other+可数名词复数=(some/any/many+)others，数量不只两者(部分)；theother+可数名词单数/数词(可省略)或theother+可数名词复数=theothers，数量是两者(部分)，one…theother…一个……另一个….；others单独用，常与some…some…others一些…，一些…，另一些…，数量不只两部分；theothers单独用，数量是两部分；another+可数名词单数=onemore+可数名词单数或another+基数+可数名词复数=基数+more+可数名词复数，数量是三者或以上，表示又(再)要…。Somearepaying,______arelyingonthebeach.Ihavetwopens,oneisred,_____isblue.Ican’tfinishtheworkintwohours.Ineed______hour.TomdoesbetterinEnglishthan_______intheclass.Hankisagoodboy,heoftenhelps_______(/______people)introuble.Iamshorterthan__________classmatesinmyclass.Iamabithungrier,I’dlike______twocakes.Ihavefivefriends.OneisfromJapan,______fourarefromAmerica.必背:eachother,(两者)互相oneanother,（三者或以上）相互oneafteranother,一个接一个fromonetoanother,从一个到另一个theotherday不久前的某一天（用于过去时）(8)both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…but(also)(注意：有的题答案不只一个)both…and=notonly…butalso是两者都，谓语用复数形式，否定是neither…nor；而either…or是或者…或者，要么…要么，谓语是靠近原则；neither…nor是既不…也不，是对both…and的否定；谓语是靠近原则；notonly…butalso=both…and是不仅…而且，谓语是靠近原则。_____you_____I_____(be)workers.Weworkinthesamefactory.第32页共32页\n______you______I_______(be)students.Weworkindifferentshops._______you______he_______(go)tothecinema.Ihaveonetickethere.Icanspeak______French_______Japaneseandamgoodatthem.Icanspeak________French_______Japanese.Mayyouteachmethem?反馈练习：一、用正确的词填空1.—Whenshallwemeetagainnextweek?---___dayisOK.It’snoproblemwithme.2.____ofthestudentsinourclasswanttogotoplanttrees.3.---Howareyourgrandparents?---They’re____fine.Thankyou.4.Therearemanytreeson___sideofthestreet.5.Boththetwoboysarenewtome.Idon’tknow____ofthem.6.---Doyouwantanappleorapear?----_____,Ireallydon’tmind.7.–Whichofthesetwosweaterswillyoutake?---I’lltake____.Theylooknearlythesame,andIjustneedone.8.—Whichdoyoulikebetter,acupofmilkorabottleoforange?-----____,thanks.I’djustlikeacupoftea.9.TherearealotofEnglishbookshere,and___ofthemiseasytounderstand.10.___oftheshoesintheshopweretherightsize.Theywereeithertoobigortoosmallforme.二、改错1.Leteachthemfinishhiswork.2.Theyeachhasgotaflower.3.Youcanuseanyofthetwobikes.4.Myparentsareallworkinginthefieldnow.5.Thosefootballfansdrawpicturesoneverysideofhisface.6.Nooneofhispensarebroken.7.NeitherLilyandmysisteristhefirsttogetthere.三、单选题1.---Arethetwoanswerscorrect?---No,____correct.A.nooneisB.botharenotC.neitherisD.eitherisnot2.IinvitedTomandLilytodinner,but___ofthemcame.A.neitherB.bothC.eitherD.none3.HaveyouseenHarryandTom?---Ihaven’tseen___ofthem.A.neitherB.anyC.eitherD.all4.---Whichofthetwobookswillyoubuy?---Iwillbuy____.SoIcangiveoneofthemtomyfriendJimmy.A.eitherB.neitherC.allD.both5.Aswewereasleep,___ofusheardthesound.A.bothB.noneC.eitherD.any6._____ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptinasecret.A.BothB.noneC.eitherD.any7.Wecouldn’teatinKFCbecause__ofushad__moneyonus.A.all,noB.any,noC.none,anyD.noone,any8.Wouldyoulikesomeeggs?–Yes,just____.A.littleB.verymuchC.twoD.few9.Heisrich,buthespends___onfoodandclothes.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.much10.Kateandhersisterwenttoholidaywithacousinof_____.A.theirB.theirsC.herD.hers第32页共32页\n11.–IsyourcomputerlikeFrank’sandSue’s?--No,butit’salmostthesameas_____.A.herB.yoursC.themD.their12.Thegirltold___fatherthathewouldnotlieto____anymore.A.his,himB.her,herC.her,himD.his,her13.---Is____here?----No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody14.Theywereallverytired,but___wouldstoptotakearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither15.Ihopethereareenoughstoolsforeachvisitortohave___.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one16.---Wouldyouliketohavesometeaorcoffee?---____.Thankyou.I’vejusthadenoughtea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.SomeD.Both17.Ihave___tosayaboutthetopic.Youcanasksomebodyelse.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew18.____ishere.let’sstartourlesson.A.EverythingB.Somebody.C.NobodyD.Everyone四、用正确的词填空1._______ofthetwoboysworkshard.Theycan’tbegoodattheirstudies.2.Theyplantedtreeson_____sidesofthestreet.3.Youcanenjoythedifferentkindsofflowerson______sideoftheriverbank.4.______youorIamwrong.Let’sgoandaskMrWu.5.Hecanspeak______EnglishnorFrench.HecanspeakJapanese.6.Theywereallverytired,but_____ofthemwouldstoptohavearest.7.LiLeiandIcouldn`teatinarestaurantbecause_____ofushadanymoneyonus.8.Shecan'tsing，______(can)he.9.Ifyoudon'tgofishingnextSunday，______willI.10._____ofthetwinsstudyinourschool.Andtheyareinthesameclass,too.11.Youmaygoandborrowbooksfromthelibrary_____onMondayoronFriday.12.____theteachersinourgradelovetheirstudentsandworkhard.13.HereadsEnglish_____morningfromMondaytoFriday.14.---Onwhichdayoftheweekcanyoutakemetothezee,Dad?---______dayispossibleforme.I’llhaveaseven-dayholiday.15.Thereis____oilinthebottle.Itisempty.四、动词1、动词的分类：连系动词、实意动词、助动词、情态动词（1）连系动词：Be,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get,turnkeep,seem等。①连系动词后面常为形容词:Themooncaketastesdelicious.Hefeltveryhappy.②连系动词后面常+like:looklike,feellike,tastelike③lookat…为行为动词注意下列两句句子的区别：Thelittledoglookedsadlyatme.Thelittledoglookedverysad.（2）实义动词：分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类①有些动词通常只作不及物动词。如：go,come,happen,lie,listen,rise,arrive,hall等。有些动词通常用作及物动词。如：say,raise,lay,find,buy等。②大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如：study,sing等。③有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。如：know,wash等。④有些动词常和介词、副词、形容词、名词或其它词类一起构成固定词组,形成短语动词。如：listen,reply,wait,look.，give,leave,take,make等（3）助动词：①常见的助动词有：用于进行时和被动语态的be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being);用于完成时的have(has,had,having);用于将来时的shall(should);will(would)和用于一般时的do(does,did).第32页共32页\n②助动词必须同主语的人称和数一致,也就是说因主语人称、数的不同而采用不同的形式,其中有些助动词也可作情态动词。如：shall,will,should,would.（4）情态动词的用法及有哪些？(写出13个)can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should,need,usedto,hadbetter,haveto,(oughtto)后面只接动词原形Thisbook_______beyours.It______belongtome.Look,mynameisonit.A.can,mustn’tB.can’t,mustC.mustn’t,mustD.must,can’t---MayIleaveherenow?---No,you______.A.needn’tB.don’tC.mustn’tD.won’t---Wouldyoupleasebringtheboxhere,Jack?---______.I’mtoobusynow.A.Yes,IwouldB.No,Iwouldn’tC.Yes,IwillD.No,Iwon’tTheboysandgirlshadbetter______thewords,pleaselistentome.A.writedownB.towritedownC.notwritedownD.nottowritedownMybrother______lookafterme,sohe_____playfootballwithyou.A.need,mustn’tB.needs,can’tC.need,can’tD.needs,mustn’t注意：1)当could/would作委婉语气时，它的回答不能用could/would,用can(can’t)/will(won’t)回答；2)must作“必须”时，否定句是mustn’t意思是“不准，不能”，否定回答常用needn’t/can’t；作“肯定，一定”时，用于肯定句，否定句是can’t意思是“肯定不是”；3)can/may均表示请求“可以”，此时二者可互换，回答常用can(can’t)，sure,certainly,ofcourse,allright等。4)should作“应该”时=besupposedtov，Shallwev…?表示“….行吗/可以吗？”=Whynotdo…?=Let’sv….=What/Howaboutv-ing…?回答常用Certainly,Ofcourse,Sure,Allright,Goodidea….5)祈使句(肯定或否定)的附加疑问句均可用willyou?肯定还可用willyou。但Let’sv…，用shallwe?2、动词的形式(五种形式)原形、三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词(1)三人称单数的加法①一般加___：visit→visits,need→needs②以__,__,__,___,___结尾加___：go→goes,miss→misses,dress→dresses,pass→passes,fix→fixes,fish→fishes,finish→finishes,wash→washes,watch→watches,teach→teaches③元音字母+___直接加___：play→plays,pay→pays,say→says,buy→buys,enjoy→enjoys④辅音字母+__变___为___加___：study→studies,fly→flies,copy→copies,dry→dries,cry→cries,carry→carries,hurry→hurries,worry→worries,reply→replies,try→tries⑤以__结尾加__：take→takes,lie→lies特殊(2个)have→____be(are/am)→_____(2)现在分词的加法①一般加_____：visit→visiting,play→playing,worry→worrying,teach→teaching②以不发音___结尾去___加____：take→taking,write→writing（注意ee字母组合或e发音直接加-ing：see→______,agree→______,be→_____）③重读闭音节且元音字母+辅音字母双写辅音字母-ing：put→_______,stop→_______,swim→________,forget→_______,prefer→________(注意是字母组合或x结尾的不双写直接-ing：show→_____,throw→______,know→______,draw→______,chew→________,fix→______,mix→______)④以____结尾的变______为____加_____：lie→lying,die→dying,tie→tying(3)规则的过去式和过去分词的加法①一般加___：need→needed,visit→visited,seem→seemed②元音字母+___直接加___：play→played,enjoy→enjoy③辅音字母+___变___为___加____：study→studied,carry→carried,worry→worried,hurry→hurried,try→tried,reply→replied,cry→cried,tidy→tidied④重读闭音节且元音字母+辅音字母双写辅音字母-ed：stop→______,shop→_______,drop→______,plan→_______,kid→______,fit→_____,prefer→preferred(注意是字母组合或x结尾的不双写直接-ed：snow→______,fix→______relax→______,mix→_____)⑤以不发音的___结尾直接加___：smoke→smoked,smile→smiled,welcome→_________,agree→agreed不规则动词表(背诵)标*和#有两种形式，即规则和不规则均可，但有*的意思不同，而#一般无区别。原形过去式过去分词意思原形过去式过去分词意思awake醒let第32页共32页\nbe*liebearlosebeatmakebecomemaybeginmeanblowmeetbreakmistakebringpaybuildputburnreadbuyridecanringcatchrisechooseruncomesaycostseecutselldigsenddo(does)setdrawshake摇动，震动drinkshalldriveshineeatshowfallshut关(闭)feedsingfeelsitfightsleepfind#smellflyspeakforgetspendfreeze冻，结冰standgetstealgivestick粘,刺,坚持gosweepgrowswim*hangtakehave(has)teachheartellhidethinkhitthrowholdunderstandhurtwakekeepwearknowwilllay放置win#learnwrite第32页共32页\nleave#dreamlend#spell(4)动词的–ing,-ed的用法区别-ing表示主动，一般修饰物或表示自身的性质、特征，还表示动作正进行或发生；-ed表示被动，一般修饰人，表状态，表示动作已经完成，二者做状语均表示伴随、时间、原因、方式，但-ing的逻辑主语是主句的主语（主动关系），而-ed的逻辑主语不是主句的主语，而是宾语（即被动关系）。________leaves正下落的叶子________leaves落地的叶子Iknewaboy_______(call)Jim.Theystoodbytheroad,________(read)books.When_______(heat),waterchangesintosteam(蒸气).Ihaveafriend_______(live)inLondon.=Ihaveafriendwho_______(live)inLondon.Ihatetoreadletters________(write)inpencil.Igot/hadmyhair______(cut)yesterday.Isawalight______(burn)intheroom.Thereissomemoney________(leave).Youmaysaveitinthebank.Thewaterwashedtherichlandaway,______(leave)somesand.(5)–ing,(to)v的动词搭配①两种均可且有区别的常用动词(含词组)(写出5个)；1)stoptodo　停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stopdoing　停止做某事。　　2)forgettodo　忘记要去做某事。　(未做)forgetdoing　忘记做过某事。　(已做)3)remembertodo记得去做某事　　(未做)rememberdoing　记得做过某事　(已做)4)trytodo　　尽力，试图做某事。trydoing　试一试，试着做某事。5)goontodo　做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。goondoing　继续做原来做的事。goonwith继续某事(原来的事)。=goondoing　6)meantodo　打算、想meandoing　意味着7)regrettodo遗憾做某事（对没做的事）regretdoing遗憾做了某事（对做过的事）Wecan’tenduptheworkontime,let’sstop________(grow)thesmalltreesonthehill,sowestopped_________(rest).Iremember_______(meet)youatTom’shome.Youforget_______(see)eachother.无区别的常用动词(写出5个)love,like,hate,prefer,begin,start,learn,goShehates_______(watch)thethriller.注意：本身是进行时时不可用ing形式②只能接-ing的常用动词(含词组)(写出10个)1)直接跟-ing的动词：enjoy,finish,mind,keep,practice,giveup,putoff,goon,bebusy,feellike,allow,suggest,consider,miss,What/Howabout,havefun,dowellin/begoodat,beusedfor,lookforwardto,payattentionto,beusedto(是习惯，不是被用来之意)Theyareenjoying_______(swim)inthesea.Doyouknowtheyputoff_______(hold)thepartytomorrow?Imustfinish________(read)thepassagethisevening.2)间接跟-ing的动词：spend…v-ing,haveproblems/trouble/difficultyv-ing,stop/keep/prevent…fromv-ing,Thankyoualotfor,keep…v-ingShespenthalfanhour_______(wash)herclothesjustnow.Governmentspentlotsofmoney________(stop)people_______(throw)therubbishintotheriver.③只能接tov的常用动词(写出10个)1)直接跟tov的动词：decide,plan,want,agree,wish,refuse,wouldlike,offer,fail,seem,help,tryone’sbestTheboyseems_______(win)thematch.=____seemsthattheboy_____(win)thematch.Ifailed_______(pass)theexamlastweek.=I___________theexamlastweek.2)间接跟tov的动词：encourage,allow,ask,invite,tell,help,wish,teach,prefer,want,warn,get,order,expect,wouldlikeMyteacherallowedme_______(leave)theschoolalittleearlier.第32页共32页\nCouldyoutellthemhow_______(use)theMP5?④感官动词(5个)和使役动词(3个)的句型和区别是什么？变被动时应该怎样？feel,hear,listento,see,watch,notice,lookat,help,smell,find;let(主语是人),have(主语是人),make(主语人或物)v-ing表示正在发生的动作或者动作的部分过程，强调动作的一次性；而v表示将要发生的动作或者动作的全过程，强调动作的经常性。(一感二听三使役四看半帮助)变被动时省to的不定式应该加to。Isawhim______(work)inthegardenyesterday.Theworkerswereoftenmade________(work)14hoursaday.Ioftenheardaboy________(sing)anEnglishsongnexttotheroom.Mymotherhadme_______(stand)overthere.WhenIpassedby,Iwatchedsomegirl________(play)underthetree.Awomanwasnoticed_______(get)intotheclothesstore.Ihadmy________(break)TV_______(mend)yesterday.Theyhavearoom_______(stay)infortwodays.（介词不能省）⑤含不定式(tov)的特殊句型有哪些？(7种)1)too+adj./adv.(forsb.)todo(adj./adv.enough(forsb.)todo)2)It’sadj.(of/forsb.)todo3)find/thinkitadj.todo4)Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodo5)动词+（宾语）+nottodo(不定式的否定)6)动词+（宾语）+疑问词todo(注意why不可以)7)It’sbetter/besttodo8)It’stime(forsb.)todo9)can’twaittodo    (10)主动表被动。如：Thebookiseasytoread.Ihaveabooktoread.(11)不定式的完成式。如：HeseemedtohavecleanedtheroombeforeIcamein.⑥写出省to不定式的句型4种1)Why(not)do…?=Why(don’t)youdo…?2)hadbetter(not)do…3)would/hadratherdo…4)Will/Would/Couldyouplease(not)do…?5)Please(don’t)do….⑦简略回答时不能省to的情况3种1)I’dloveto2)I’dliketo3)I’mgladto4)sb.want/plan/decideto中考题： Ihaven'tgotachair____.A.tositB.fortositonC.tositonD.forsitting  Hewasmade____.A.goB.goneC.goingD.togoAnewfactoryis____verysoon.A.tobebuiltB.builtC.tobuildD.tobuilding反馈练习：1.________Itakethenewspaperaway?No,youmustn’t.You___________readitonlyhere.A.Must,canB.May,canC.Need,mustD.Must,must2.MustIreturnthebookatonce?No,you________.butyou_________returnitafterschool.A.needn’t,mustB.mustn’t,canC.mustn’t,mayD.can’t,need3.Ourteacheroftentellsus_________inthesecret.A.noplayB.notplayingC.nottoplayD.nottoplaying4.Mymotherisout,soI_________lookaftermylittlesister.A.mayB.mustC.havetoD.can5.Thestudentsstopped_________whentheteachercamein.A.totalkB.talkingC.talksD.talked6.Everybodyisbusy_________readyfortheexams.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.get7.Pleasedon’tforget_________thedoorwhenyouleave.A.pockedB.lockC.tolockD.locking8.Pleasewalkfast,_________we’llbelate.A.orB.andC.soD.then第32页共32页\n9.Theoldladysawme_____________thepenonthefloor.A.droppedB.dropC.droppingD.todrop10.Isawtheoldwoman_________herewhenIwaswalking_______.A.sit,passB.sitting,pastC.sitting,passD.sit,past3、时态①写出8种时态的组成并且举1例并变成一般疑问句，否定句，反意疑问句和特殊疑问句(自己对某部分划线)并写出变否定句和一般疑问句时哪些单词会发生相应变化？变否定句时除了加not外，还有一些单词需要变化的有：some→______,too→_______,already→______,and→______变一般疑问句时单词需要作变化的有：some→_______,already→________一般现在时:动词原形或动词三人称单数(be/have/has/do/does…)IamastudentinNo.110MiddleSchool._____________astudentinNo.110MiddleSchool?(一般疑问句并作否定回答)____,________I_____________astudentinNo.110MiddleSchool.(否定句)_________________youastudent?(提问)Theyhavesomethingstodo._______theyoften____________thingstodo?(一般疑问句)They______often______________thingstodo.(否定句)Theyoftenhavesomethingstodo,___________?(反意疑问句并作肯定回答)_____,___________________________theyoftenhavetodo?(提问)Hesellsclotheseveryday.________he_______clotheseveryday?(一般疑问句)He________________clotheseveryday.(否定句)_____________he________clothes?(提问)Hesellsclotheseveryday,______________?(反意句并作否定回答)______,_____________Clothes____________everyday.(被动语态)一般过去时:动词过去式（熟记）助动词有：did/was/wereTheywereworkerstwoyearsago.They______________workerstwoyearsago.(否定句)_______________workerstwoyearsago?(一般问句并作肯定回答)______,____________________________workerstwoyearsago?(提问)Theywereworkerstwoyearsago,___________?(反意句)Wedidhomeworkathomelastnight._______you______homeworkathomelastnight?(一般问句)We________homeworkathomelastnight.(否定句)________you____athomelastnight?(提问)Wedidhomeworkathomelastnight,_____________?(反意句)Tomwashedclothesjustnow.____Tom____clothesjustnow?(一般问句并否定回答)___,________Tom____________clothesjustnow.(否定句)______________Tom______clothes?(提问)Tomwashedclothesjustnow,______________?(反意句并作肯定回答)_____,_____________.Clothes_____________justnow.(被动语态)现在进行时:be+v-ingMaryiswashingclothesovertherenow._____Mary______clothesovertherenow?(一般问句并作肯定回答)______,________________________clothesovertherenow?(提问)Mary__________clothesovertherenow.(否定句)Maryiswashingclothesovertherenow,_____________?(反意句并作否定回答)_____,__________过去进行时:was/were+v-ingMymotherwaswashingclothesatthistimeyesterday.__________motherwashingclothesatthistimeyesterday?(一般问句作肯定回答)____,_________Mymother____________clothesatthistimeyesterday.(否定句)_____________________washingclothesatthistimeyesterday?(提问)Mymotherwaswashingclothesatthistimeyesterday,_______?(反意句并作否定回答)___,_______一般将来时:will/shall/begoingto+v原形Hisclassmateswillvisitthelibrarynextweek.Hisclassmates______________thelibrarynextweek.(否定句)______hisclassmates________thelibrarynextweek?(一般问句并作否定回答)_____,________________________hisclassmates______thelibrary?(提问)Hisclassmateswillvisitthelibrarynextweek,__________?(反意句并作肯定回答)_____,________第32页共32页\nThelibrary___________________nextweek.(被动语态)注意：1、ShallI/we…?而Willyou…?2、情态动词也可表示将来。begoingto表示主观的，事先计划、打算，发生时间更近，will表示客观，发生的时间要远些。I_____(become)15yearsoldnextyear.Lookatthecloudsinthesky,it_____(rain).过去将来时:would/should+v原形Hesaidhewouldcomehereintwohours.注意：Would/Couldyoutellme….?Would/Couldyouplease…?Wouldyoulike…?等句型中不是表示过去将来时，而是表示一种委婉语气，注意它们的回答不可用________，而用________。现在完成时:have/has+p.p.(过去分词)They’vealreadyseenthefilmtwice._______they______thefilmtwice______?(一般疑问句并作肯定回答)______,____________.They___________thefilmtwice______.(否定句)___________________________theyseenthefilm_______?(提问)They’veseenthefilmtwice,____________?(反意问句并作否定回答)______,___________.Thefilm______already_____________twice.(被动语态)过去完成时:had+p.p.(过去分词)TheyhadalreadyhaddinnerbythetimeIgothome.______they______dinner______bythetimeIgothome?(一般疑问句)They____________dinner______bythetimeIgothome.(否定句)____________they______dinner______?(提问)注意：现在完成进行时作了解,不考试：have/has+p.p(过去分词)+v-ing请把下列句子中的缩略形式写出它的全称并判断动词的类型(实义动词还是助动词)。They’vesomebooks._________________They’replayingbasketball._________________They’reboughtintheshop._________________He’sastudent._________________He’slunchatschool._________________He’salreadybeentoBeijing._________________He’seatinglunchatthetable.______________They’vestayedherefortwodays._______________I’dlikesomedrink._________________You’dbetterleavenow._________________②每一种时态有哪些具体的关键词(词组)来判断时态(每种至少写出5个特征)一般现在时：every(day等),sometimes,　at…,often,usually,always,once/twicea(week等),on(Sunday等),never,inthe(morning等)，以when,after,before,while,until,assoonas,if,unless等引导的从句中，及表客观事实或普遍真理的句子。如：Theteachersaidthatthemoonissmallerthantheearth.一般过去时：at(eight)(yesterdaymorning),(tenminutes)ago,justnow,when/as，oneday引导的时间状语从句，last…,in…,from…to…,attheageof…，often,usually,sometimes,always,never等有过去的时间时。一般将来时：tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),oneday,now,soon,someday,sometime,inthefuture,in+一段时间，when/if引导的主句，祈使句+or/and+陈述句（将来时态）等。(注意：有些动词象：go,come,arrive,leave,start,die等表示移动的动词，它们的进行时态形式表示将来：TheGreensareleavingforShanghaitomorrow.)过去将来时：用于主句是过去时的宾语从句中现在进行时：listen,look,now，rightnow,atthemoment,thesedays,lookout!Don’tyouhear?Don’tmakesomuchnoise,It’s7:00o’clock,地点状语，上下文等（注意表状态或者感情的动词不用进行时，be,have(有)）过去进行时：atthattime+过去时间(atthattimeyesterday),atthistimelastMonday,at+点钟+过去时间(atninelastnight,atsevenyesterdaymorning),from9to10lastnight,whensomeoneknockedatthedoor等现在完成时：already,yet,just,once,twice,ever,never,threetimes,before,sofar,inthepast/last+基数（概数）+单位(inthepastfiveyears),bytheendofthis…过去完成时：by(yesterday),bythen,bytheendof(last…)或者由when,before等引出状语从句,after引导的主句,在主句是过去时的宾语从句。4、语态(1)被动语态的组成是什么？(写出一般现在时、一般过去时、11个情态动词、一般将来时、现在完成时的被动结构)一般现在时：is/am/are+-ed(过去分词)一般过去时：was/were+-ed(过去分词)第32页共32页\n情态动词：will/would/can/could/may/might/must/shall/should/needbe+-ed(过去分词)一般将来时：will/begoingtobe+-ed(过去分词)现在完成时:have/hasbe+-ed(过去分词)(2)主动语态如何改写为被动语态：主动句：主语(人/物)+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(人/物)+其他+状语(动作的执行者)(各种时态形式)(动作的承受者)被动句：主语(人/物)+谓语(及物动词)+by+人/物+其他+状语(动作的承受者)(be+过去分词)(动作的执行者)(3)注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如：Histeachergavehimadictionary.→He__________adictionarybyhisteacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。如：Histeachergavehimadictionary.→Adictionary_____________himbyhisteacher.(老师给他一本字典→一本字典由老师送给了他)/Hisfathermadehimakite.→Akite______________himbyhisfather.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他)②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to.如：Thebossmadethepoormanwork12hoursaday.→Thepoorman___________work12hoursaday.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)/Hesawthethiefrunintothebuilding.(他看见小偷跑进了大楼)→Thethief________________intothebuildingbyhim.（小偷被他看见跑进了大楼）③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。如：Thegirltakesgoodcareofherlittlebrother.→Thegirl’slittlebrother__________________byher.(女孩照顾小弟弟→女孩的小弟弟由她照顾着)④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。如：Heispleased/worried/tired/…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)Hewashit/knockeddown/told/shot/…….(被动)(他被击中/撞倒/关照/射中……)(4)哪些动词(词组)不能用被动，只能是主动表示？1)不及物动词（但不及物动词后接介词作短语时可以为被动）和系动词，look(不行，但lookfor/at/after可以),go,come,grow(长得),look(看起来),feel(觉得，感觉),keep(保持),smell(闻起来),get/become(变得)2)如wash,clean,cut,sell,read,wear,draw,write,lock,translate,cook,burn,act,last,miss,copy,build等动词表示状态后接形容词或副词。Thefood_______(taste)good.Mypen_______(write)well.3)happen,takeplace,belongto,have(有),breakout(爆发),suit,fit,cost,mean(意味),matter4)不定式作状语，用在某些表示性质和可能性的形容词(hard,impossible,bad,pleasant,ready,easy等)后，或用于too…to，enoughto结构中。Thequestionisimportanttoanswer.5)不定式作定语，主要用于“Therebe+n.+不定式“或”主语+have+n.+不定式“结构中。Thereisnothingtodo.Shegivesmebreadtoeatandmilktodrink.6)need,want后接v-ing表示被动=need/wanttobe+v-edThedoorneeds______(repair).=Thedoorneeds__________(repair).中考题： 1.Ilearnedthatherfather____in1950.  A.haddiedB.diedC.deadD.isdead   2.Thefive-year-oldgirl____byherparents.  A.islookedB.haslookedfor  C.isbeinglookedforD.hasbeenlooked5、写出以下动词的非延续转换为延续各自的动词以及相互转换的句型是什么？(1)开始，出发，买，借，结束，参加，死，穿，睡觉，到达，来，去，交朋友，得感冒，起床，结婚start/begin→_____leave/move→______(from)buy→_____borrow→_____end/finish→______join/takepartin→_____/beamemberofdie→_____puton/dress→_____/weargotobed→_____bedgotosleep/fallasleep→sleep/_______getto/arriveat(in)/reach→_____/atgoto→bein/atcometo→behere/inmakefriendswith→_____friendswithcatch/getacold→____acoldgetup→____upmarry/get第32页共32页\nmarried→____marriedget/goout→____outopen→________close/shut→_______(2)句型1)+过去时（非延续）+段时间ago2)现在完成时（延续性）+for+段时间/since+点时间/句子/段时间ago3)Itis/hasbeen+段时间since+…过去时（非延续）4)段时间haspassedsince+…过去时（非延续）会议已经结束两小时了。1)Themeeting_______twohours________.2)Themeetinghas__________________twohours.(=______twohours______)3)It’stwohours______themeeting______.4)Twohours_________________themeeting______.6、请区别这些动词的用法(1)say,speak,talk,tell1)say表示讲话，说“什么”作为及物动词使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。saysth.tosb./Sayitagain.2)speak表示“讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。learntospeak;speakEnglish3)talk表示“谈话”，是不及物动词，与to,about,with等连用，才可以接宾语。4)tell表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。tellsbsth/tellsthtosb/tellsbtodo/tellsb.nottodo…/tellastory/tellthetimeHe______hewouldgothere.MayI_______toMrPope,please?Whatareyou________about?It'stimetoleave.Wehaveto______goodbyetoyou.She______usaninterestingstoryyesterday.Doyou______English?MrJacksonis_______withmyfatherintheofficenow.Myteacher_______methatwewouldhaveanEnglishexamthenextmonth.He_____hewasinClassOne./He____mehewasinClassOne.Hewillgiveathreeminutes’____atthebeginningoftheclass.Theoldmancan_____sevenlanguages.Canyou____itagain?Ididn’thearyouclearly.Wouldyoupleaseaskhim_____loudernexttime?(2)look,see,watch,read1)look强调“看”这个动作，是不及物动词，常与at连用，然后接宾语。2)see指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。3)watch指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。4)read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。Thetwinsare_________TVnow.______!Thegirlisswimminginthelake.Iliketo________newspaperswhenIamfree.Theycan't_________thewordsontheblackboard.Hewillgoto________avolleyballmatch.Don't_________inthesun.DoesLilyoftengoto________afilmonSunday?_______atthepicturecarefully.Canyoufindsomethingunusual?(3)borrow,lend,keep1)borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的动作。2)lend是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。3)keep是“保存”的意思，动作可以延续。Thefarmer_______thepatfortwoweeks.Meimei________abookfromthelibraryjustnow.Howlongcantherecorder________?UncleWanghas________hiscartoMrLi.MayI_______yourdictionary?Couldyou_______usyourradio,please?(4)bring,take,carry,get1)bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。第32页共32页\n2)take意思是“拿走”，“带走”，把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。3)carry是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表明来去的方向。4)get是去某处将某物拿回来。Bringmethebook,please.MayIbringJimtoseeyounextSaturday?Itlookslikerain.Takearaincoatwithyou.Mothertookthelittlegirltothenextroom.Doyoualwayscarryahandbag?Theboxisheavy.Canyoucarryit?Pleasegotomyofficetogetsomechalk.Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Whynotgetsome?(5)wear,puton,dress，takeoff,tryon1)wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。2)puton是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。反意词：takeoff3)dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dresssb./oneself（给某人/或自己穿衣服），getdressed穿好衣服,dressup打扮穿上盛装”如:Sheoftendressesupinaredskirt..而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wearsth.（穿着衣物）。4)tryon:试穿Maryis_______herchild.He_______hishatandwentoutoftheroom.He______araincoatevenwhenitisfine.Shealways________well.Shedoesn'tliketo______aredflowerinherhair.Getupand_______quickly.It'scold.You'dbetter________yourcoat.Tomalways________blackshoes.Youcan_____thehatbeforeyoudecidetobuyit.Thebabyistooyoungto______himself.He_____hisshoesandcrossedtheriver.(6)take,spend,cost,pay,buy,waste,use1)take指做某事用多少时间，句型是：Ittakes/took/willtake+sb.+sometime+todosth.2)spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：Someonespends+money/time+onsomething/(in,on)doingsth.3)cost指某物用了多少钱，句型是：sth.costsb.money.orItcostsb.moneytodosth.4)pay指某人用多少钱购某物。句型是：sb.paysmoneyforsth.5)buy是指某人用多少钱购某物。句型是：sb.buyssth.formoney.6)waste指某人浪费钱或时间在某事上。句型是：sbwastesmoney/timeonsth./(in,on)doingsth.7)use表示使用工具、手段等。Itwill________youawhileweektotravelthoughttheforest.They_______thesweaterfor100dollars.It_________onlyonehourtoflytoShanghai.She________morethan500yuanonthatcoat.Theshirt_______metwentyyuan.=It______metwentyyuantobuytheshirt.He________histime(in)doingnothing.Hedidn't_________muchtimeonhislessons.It________methreedaystofinishthework.Shallwe_______yourcar?He________muchtime(in)correctingstudents'exercises.Doyouknowhowto________thecomputer?Mother_________herevenings(in)washingclothes.They________100dollarsforthesweater.Youarefoolishto________somuchmoneyonamusement.(7)reach,get,arrive1)reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。第32页共32页\n2)get是不及动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，getto常用于口语中。3)arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arriveat,到达一个大地方时用arrivein。there/here/home:放在get,arrive后不用to,at,inWe________thetopofthemountainatlast.Thesoldiers_________atasmallvillage.Whenthestudents_______tothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.Afterthetrainhadleft,they_______thestationTheforeignerswill_______inShanghaitomorrow.Mysisterwascookingwhenmother________home.(8)lookfor,find,findout1)Lookfor:寻找（强调动作）2)Find:找到（强调结果）3)Findout:找出查明（通过调查研究找到事实的真相）:Ican’t_______mybike.Haveyouseeit?Don’t_______itanymore.Thepolicemanhastakenitaway.Ihave_______mykeyeverywherebutIstillcan’t_______it.Theteacher_______whobrokethewindow.(9)Turnon/turnoff/turnup/turndownTurnon:开（灯，自来水等）Turnoff:关Turnup:开大turndown:关小(10)hear,listen,listento,hearof,hearfrom1)hear是“听见”，强调结果，及物后直接跟宾语;如果后跟宾语从句是“听说”之意。2)Listen听不及物;常用listento是“听”，强调听的过程。3)hearof/about是“听说”，后面接名词或名词短语。4)hearfrom是“收到某人的来信”，后接人，不接信。I_______hehadcomebacktotheschool.He_________thenewsthattheyaretalkingabout.I________thegirlsingingasonginthenextroom.He________carefully,buthe_________nothing.I________frommysisterlastnight.=I_______aletter_______mysisterlastnight.(同义句)(11)forget/leaveforget忘了某物leave把某物忘在某地Kate_______herkeytoherroomathome.I________totellyouaboutit.(12)beusedfor,beusedto,usedto,getusedto1)beusedfor+名词/代词或动名词，beusedto+动词原形，表示两个短语意思相近，表示“被用于…”。2)usedto+动词原形，表示“过去常常”，否定式可以是“didn’tuseto”也可以是“usedn’tto”。3)get/beusedto+动名词，表示“习惯于….”。He______________gettingupearlyinthemorning.Aknifecan__________cutthings.He_______borrownovelsfromthelibrarywhenhewasatschool.Aknifecan__________cuttingthings.(13)bemadeof,bemadefrom,bemadeinto,bemadein,bemadeby,bemadefor1)bemadeof指从制成品中可以看得出原材料。2)bemadefrom则指从制成品中看不出原材料,口语中都可以换成bemadeoutof。3)bemadeinto表示“被制成……”。4)bemadein表达被制造的地点。5)bemadeby表达制造的人。6)bemadefor表达被制造的目的。Thiskindofpaper____________wood.Computers_____________thesecities.Thiskite_______________UncleWang.Alotofpaper_____________paperbirds.Abigbag___________metoholdmywastethings.Thedesk___________woodandmetal.(14)beat,win,lose1)beat(打败),后面跟“人”,队和单位。第32页共32页\n2)win(赢得),后面跟“比赛、竞赛、奖励”等。3)lose则表示“输了”，常用句型：losesth.tosb.Who_______atlast?ClassThree________us5-0.Iamsureto_______thematch.Unluckilywe______thematchtoClassThree.(15)join,joinin,takepartin1)join多指参加组织、团体、党派等,后面跟人时表示和某人一起参加某项活动。2)joinin指参加某项游戏或活动。3)takepartin多指参加群众性的活动、运动、会议等。Please_____us______thegame.He_________thestudents’movementinthe1940s.He________thearmyin2001.They______me______congratulatingyou(16)havebeento,havebeenin,havegoneto1)havebeento去过某地（已经返回），非延续性动词，不能与段时间和howlong连用。2)havegoneto去了某地（还没回来），非延续性动词，不能与段时间和howlong连用。3)havebeenin已在某地，延续性动词，可与段时间和howlong连用。---Whereisyourfather?---He_______Beijing.He_______therefortwodays.---Where______you_______?---I_________Shanghaitotravel.---Couldyoutellmehowlongyou_______Chongqing?---Aboutoneweek.(17)pass,pastPass:vt经过过去时为：passedPast:adj/prepHewasthefirstoneto______thefinishingline.Hewasfirst________thefinishingline.WhenI___bytheshop,Isawsomeretiredladiesdancingwaltz.Pleasebuymeahandkerchiefwhenyougo___thesupermarket.Theoldmenliketothinkaboutsomething____whiletheyoungmenliketolookahead.Theexamissohardthatfewstudents_____it.注意：across:介词横穿，穿过cross：动词穿过crossthestreet=goacrossthestreetcrossing:十字路口through：（从物体中间穿过，如穿过森林，高楼林立的城市，窗户等）(18)workhard,hardwork,hardworkingworkhard动词，不及物。如跟宾语，可用介词athardwork:名词hardworking:形容词___________andhisintelligencemakehimapopularpersoninhisworkplace.Shefinallybecomesthebeststudentthrough_____________.Thefinalexamisonitsway.Heis_____________topassit.He______________atEnglish.WeChineseare___________people.注意：job\workjob是可数名词，work是不可数名词，一般表示抽象意义的工作，可用apieceofwork修饰。Heisdoinganinterestingjob.Heisdoinginterestingwork.(19）die/dead/deathdie是动词；dead是形容词；death是名词。I’mgoingto_______!(我要死了！)/Themanhasbeen_______foraboutthreemonths.(那个人死了三个月左右。)/Heisworriedto_______.(他急得要死。)(20)giveup放弃，停止/giveaway让给，暴露/givein屈服/giveout分发(21)putaway放起，收起/putout扑灭/putdown放下/puton穿上/putinto放进/putup张贴，进行Itiswisetohavesomemoney____foroldage.AputawayBkeptupCgivenawayDlaidup第32页共32页\nHere'smycard.Let'skeepin____.A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship____!There'satraincoming.ALookoutBLookaroundCLookforwardDLookon反馈练习：1.–Tickets,please.MayI___atyourticket,madam?--Yes,hereitis.A.showB.watchC.seeD.look2.Weallwentto____thematchlastnight.A.lookB.watchC.see3.We___carefullybutwecould___nothing.A.listened,hearB.listenedto,hearC.heard,listenD.heard,listento4.Welistenedbutcouldnot____clearly.A.hearB.listenC.hearabout5.Whatarethegirlsdoing?—they___themusic.A.heardB.arehearingC.arelisteningtoD.werelistening6.Myhusbandlikesreadingverymuch.Heoften____muchmoneyonbooks.A.costsB.paysC.spendsD.takes7.Ienjoyreading,butIcan’t____muchtime___it.A.spend…onB.pay…inC.take…inD.costs…on8.It____meabouthalfanhourtodotheexercises.A.usedB.tookC.paidD.spent9.Ilikecollectingstampsbutit____alotoftimeandmoney.A.spendsB.tookC.costsD.uses10.Howlongwillit___ustogettherebybike?A.spendB.useC.take11.Howmuchdidyou____,Kate?------Twentydollars.A.costB.takeC.spendD.use12.Thedictionary____me178yuan.A.spentB.tookC.costD.pays13.Helikesthebookbutit___toomuch.A.costsB.takesC.spends14.Theboxisnotheavy.WuPengcan___itbyherself.A.takeB.learnC.carryD.bring15.---Willyoushowmeyourfamilyalbum?---OK,I’ll___itheretomorrow.A.takeB.bringC.catchD.carry16.Healwaysgetsupearlyand____hisclothesquicklyinthemorning.A.dressedB.putsonC.wearsD.hason17.Withthehelpofcomputers,newscan___everycorneroftheworldquickly.A.getB.arriveC.reachD.return18.Theheavysnow____arrivingintime.A.letthetrainnotB.madethetrainnottoC.stoppedthetrainofD.stoppedthetrainfrom19.Allanisbusy___hismotorbike.A.mendB.mendingC.torepairD.repaired20.Ithinkteachersarethemosthard-workingpeople.Doyou___me?A.goonwithB.catchupwithC.agreewithD.laughat21.You’dbettertidyyourroom.___yourthings.A.PutawayB.PutonC.TakeoffD.Wear22.Whenheheardthebell,he___thedoor.A.hurriedofftoopenB.hurriedoffopeningC.hurrieduptoopenD.hurriedupopening23.David’salwaysthewinneroftherace,butthistimehe____others.A.fellbehindB.felldownC.felloverD.felloff24.Theradioistoonoisy.Wouldyoupleaseturnit___alittle?A.downB.upC.offD.on25.Hello,Joe!Whatdoesthatradiosay?please____it___sothateverybodycanhearit?A.turn..onB.turn…downC.turn…upD.turn…off26.Howlonghaveyou____thebook?---Twodays.A.lentB.borrowedC.boughtD.kept27.–CanI___yourbike?----Withpleasure.Butyoumustn’t___ittoothers.A.lend,borrowB.borrow,lendC.carry,lendD.lend,returned28.---WillMr.Smithbeheresoon?---Ican’ttell.Let’sgoand____whenthetrainarrives.A.lookB.lookforC.findD.findout29.Whereismypencil?Ican’t___itanywhere.A.findB.carryC.lookforD.put30.Why,here’smypen!I___itjustnow,butIdidn’t___it.A.lookedfor,foundB.found,lookforC.lookedfor,findD.found,lookedfor31.Willyouplease__usastory,MissGao?--OK.ShallI_itinEnglishorinChinese?第32页共32页\nA.tell,speakB.talk,speakC.tell,sayD.talk,say32.Whatdidtheboss____youto___atthemeeting?A.tell,sayB.ask,speakC.tell,speakD.ask,talk33.Whatniceclothes!CanI_____!A.trythemonB.tryonthemC.tryitonD.tryonit.34.Itisquitewarmhere?Whynot___yourcoat?A.takeoffB.turningoffC.putonD.toputaway35.Mumtoldme____thecoffeeuntilitboiled(开)and___thegas.A.see,turnedoffB.towatch,turnoffC.lookedat,toturnonD.watching,turndown36.Don’t____ChineseinanEnglishclass.A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk37.Whatareyou____,Mary?---thebroom,Ican’t____it.Doyouknowwhereitis?A.finding,findB.findingfor,findC.lookingfor,findD.lookedfor,lookat38.Don’tforget____yoursunglassesbeforeyougoout.A.wearB.toputonC.takingoffD.tryon39.MayI___Tommyradio,Mum?---Certainly.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.use40.Whatalongrun!Itmadeus___.A.tofeeltiredB.tobethirstyC.tiredD.feeltiring41.Doyoufeel___whenyouareleft___athomeatnight?A.lonely,aloneB.alone,lonelyC.alone,lonelyD.along,alone42.Howmuchdidyou____onallthesethingsintheshoppinglist?A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay43.Mumsaidthatcooking___muchtimeeveryday.A.spentB.costsC.tookD.uses44.___yourshoesatonce.Wemusthurry.A.PutonB.DressingupC.towearD.Takesoff45.–Whatdidyouthinkofhertalk?---she___foronehourbutdidn’t___much.A.spoke,speakB.spoke,sayC.said,speakD.said,say记住的重要句型：(1)seem(好象)的用法：记住几个结构：①sb./sth.+seem+(tobe+)形容词+…；②sb./sth.+seem+like+…；③sb/sth+seem+to(do)；④Itseemsthat+从句。如：Heseemed(tobe)veryhappywhenhewascalledbytheheadmaster.ItseemsthatnobodyelsecoulddosuchafoolishthingexceptJim.(2)beafraid(害怕)的用法：记住几个结构：①beafraidofsth;beafraidof(doing);②beafraidto(do);③beafraidthat+从句。如：Sheisalittleafraidofsnakes.Don’tbesoafraidtostayathomealoneatnight.I’mafraidthatsomebodywilltakehisplacebecauseofhisseriousmistakes.注意：如果表示不愿意做时用todo，而不希望、也不能决定而突然发生的事或偶然性时用ofdoing。(3)besorry(抱歉)的用法：记住几个结构：①besorryfor(sth);②besorryfor(doingsth);③besorryto(do);④besorrythat+从句。如：Iamverysorryforkeepingyouwaitingsolong.Iamsorrytotroubleyou.Iamsorry(that)heisn’thereatthemoment.(4)besure(确信)的用法：记住几个结构：①besureof(sth);②besureto(do);③besurethat+从句。如：Shetoldmemanytimesthatshewassuretocome.Areyousureofyouranswer?Maybeit’swrong.IamsurethatDadwillhelpmewiththejob.注意：句型表示主语自身的确信，而对别人或自己的确信用。五、形容词和副词1、形容词和副词的形式(1)常用的名词变形容词①–y:sun→sunnywind→windysnow→snowyrain→rainy②-ful:help→helpfulcare→carefuluse→usefulthank→thankful③–ly:friend→friendlybrother→brotherlyday→daily(2)常用的形容词变副词①–ly:slow→slowlyquick→quicklyusual→usuallyreal→really②以y结尾变为ily：happy→happilyangry→angrilyeasy→easily③以e结尾去e加y：terrible→terriblytrue→trulypossible→possobly注意hardhardly;mostmostly;nearnearly这些词不是由形容词变成的副词，意思不同。第32页共32页\n特殊(1个)good→______形容词与副词同形：hard,fast,straight,slow,early,back,all,alone,either,far,high,late,long,last,next,first,near,enough,much,alone,low(3)比较级和最高级的构成规则①一般在词尾加___或____：great→greater→greatest,young→younger→youngest,slow→slower→slowest②以__结尾的只加__或___：nice→nicer→nicest,large→larger→largest③④以辅音字母加___结尾的，先变___为___，再加___或___：heavy→heavier→heaviest,easy→easier→easiest,busy→busier→busiest,funny→funnier→funniest,early→earlier→earliest(注意：1)形容词+ly构成的只能加more和most。如：slowly→moreslowly→mostslowly)2)shy可以不变直接加er,est)⑤以重读闭音节结尾的词，先双写最末的一个辅音字母，再加er或est：big→bigger→biggest,thin→thinner→thinnest,fat→fatter→fattest,fit→fitter→fittest，red→redder→reddest,hot→hotter→hottest,wet→wetter→wettestsad→sadder→saddest⑥多音节和部分双音节词，前加more为比较级，加(the)most为最高级，但如是否定(不…..)时用less,theleast：careful→morecareful→mostcareful,useful→moreuseful→mostuseful,popular→morepopular→mostpopular,carelessly→morecarelessly→mostcarelessly⑦以下单音节词和-ed,-ing结尾的形容词加more和most：glad,like,real,right,wrong,pleased,boring⑧有的形容词或副词加-er,-est或more,most两种均：friendly,clever,often,common,quiet,happy,narrow,handsome不规则(11个)much/many→_____→_____good/well→_____→_____bad/badly/ill→____→_____little→____→_____far→_____/_____→______/_______old→______/_____→_____/______late→_____/______(后者的)→_______/_______(最后的)2、修饰和位置(1)哪些副词可修饰形容词原级(7个)，修饰比较级(6个)1)修饰原级：very,so,too,quite,rather,pretty,enough,as…as,notso…as2)修饰比较级：much,alittle,abit,even,no,any,alot,far,some,many,still3)表示数量的more之前还可以加some/any/no/one/two/many/several/alot等词(2)形容词(含else)的位置，副词(含enough)与形容词和动词的一般位置形容词放在1)名词前。例：一本有用的书、我们美丽的学校、十部最佳影片、愤怒的人们___________________________________________________________________________________2)名词后。一个装满水的瓶子、很远的小镇、一棵两百米高的树____________________________3)不定代词(15个)后(详见代词)。有些奇怪的东西、没什么严重的_______________________________副词(含副词both,all)一般放在形容词或动词前，be动词和情态动词后，但enough放在形容词后面。---Isthere______inthetoday’snewspaper?---______.Youdon’tneedtoreadit.A.somethinginteresting,NothingnewB.anythinginteresting,NothingnewC.interestingsomething,NewnothingD.interestinganything,Newnothing---Wouldyouliketogo______?---Ofcourse,where?A.somewherewarmB.anywherewarmC.warmsomewhereD.warmanywhereThegirlis______togotoschool.A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.youngenoughD.enoughyoungRuth’sMP4ischeaperthan______.A.everyoneelseB.everyone’selseC.everyoneelse’sD.elseeveryone’sMyparents______inthefactorytoworkonthemachine.A.arebothB.bothareC.areallD.allareTheytold______nottowaitforthem.A.weallB.allweC.usallD.allus3、形容词的分类1）名词化的形容词：The+(adj):表一类人或物。作主语时，谓语动词为复数Therich,thepoor,theold,theyoung,等2）表语性形容词：只作表语、不能作定语置于名词前但可作后置定语。没有比较级的变化。不用ｖｅｒｙ修饰。这样的形容词多以ａ开头：alone,afraid,asleep,awake,able,ill,well等Thebabyisasleep.Asleepingbaby.Don’twakeupthebabyasleepTheoldmanisalone.Asingleman.Alonelyman.这些表语性形容词可作状语Themanlivesaloneinasmallhouse第32页共32页\n4、区别(1)howsoon,howlong,howoften,howfarhowsoon是对in+段时间提问，并且是将来时howlong是对段时间或者for+时间、since+时间/句子提问，也可以对长度提问。howoften是对频率提问，如：often,sometimes,usually,never,hardlyever,once(twice,threetimes…)aday(week,month…)howfar是对距离和路程提问。_______willittakeyoutofinishthework?_______doyouwatchamovie?_______isityourhometotheschool?_______willyoucomehere?_______willyoustayhere?_______istheYellowRiver?(2)too,also,either,neither/nor,so以上单词均表示“也”，但too,also用于肯定句，前者放句尾，后者放句中；而either用于否定句，放句尾；neither/nor用于倒装句neither/nor+助动词(be或情态动词)+主语，表示否定意义，是“…也不…”它的肯定式是so+助动词(be或情态动词)+主语，是“…也…”。注意：neither/nor+主语+助动词(be或情态动词)是“的确不是如此，不是”，so+主语+助动词(be或情态动词)是“的确是这样，是的”。Iam______ateacher.=Iamateacher,_____.=Iam,____,ateacher.Theydidn’t______gotoschool.Hedidn’tgotoschool,Ididn’t,______.=Hedidn’tgotoschool,__________I.=_____he_____I_____toschool.=Hedidn’tgotoschool,____________.Ifyougo,_______.A.sodoIB.soIdoC.sowillID.soIwill---Yourpenmaybeunderthedesk.---Oh,______.A.somayitB.soitmayC.soisitD.soitisI’veneverbeenlateforschool.________.A.neitherdoyouB.neitheryoudoC.neitherhaveyouD.neitheryouhaveTomwasn’there,______.A.norwasheB.norhewasC.sowasheD.sohewas(3)already,yetalready用于肯定句，放句中，表示委婉语气的一般问句也可用already，用于句尾；yet用于否定句和一般疑问句，放句尾。Theyhave_______runontheplaygroundforalongtime.Hasshefinishedthework_______?Ihaveneverheardsuchanicesong_______.(4)such,so,quite,very,rather,too,much(可能有的答案不是唯一)such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数，such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词；so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数，so+little(少)/much+不可数名词(或many+可数名词复数)，so+形容词/副词原级；quite(rather)a/an+可数名词单数，quite(rather)a/an+形容词+可数名词单数=a/anquite(rather)+形容词+可数名词单数，quite/rather+形容词/副词原级；a+very+形容词+可数名词单数，very+形容词/副词原级；verymuch用于修饰动词too+形容词a/an+可数名词单数，too+much+不可数名词/many+可数名词复数，too+形容词/副词原级,带否定意思Theboxis_____heavy.Ilikemyschool________.Thisboxis_______heavierthanthatone.It’s_____abeautifulshirtthatI’dliketobuyit.=It’s_______beautifulashirtthatI’dliketobuyit.Thereare_____manystudentsthatIcan’thearthemclearly.Theshoesare______large.MayIhavealookatanother?Thereare______goodstudentsthatwefeel______happy.It’s_____heavyaboxformetocarry.=It’s_____aheavyboxthatI______carryit.=It’s____heavyaboxthatI______carryit.=Itisn’ta_____________boxformetocarry.(5)hard,hardlyhard作形容词修饰名词，作副词修饰动词，是难的，大的，猛烈地hardly是副词，几乎不，反意疑问句时用肯定rainhard下大雨hardlyrain几乎不下雨It______rainedlastyear,didit?Itrained______lastnight,didn’tit?第32页共32页\nThisisa______chair.Ifoundit______toworkouttheplan.(6)sometimes(=attimes)有时,sometimes几次，几倍,sometime某时,sometime一段时间Weshouldspend_________onstudy.HehasbeentoJapan_________.We________gotoschoolbybike.HewenttoJapan_______lastyear.(7)alone,lonelyalone是形容词或副词，是“单独的（地）、独自的（地）”之意，不能作定语；lonely是“偏僻的，荒芜的，孤独的”，可作定语；Althoughtheoldmanstay_______ina______house,hedidn’tfeel________.(8)nomore=not...anymore(强调数量的不再)，一般不修饰动词,nolonger=not...anylonger（强调时间的不再），可修饰动词。They__________ranfarther.Iwasn’tastudent_______.Iwasastudent________.Youcanneverhavemeat_______.Youcanhavemeat_______.Youcan______havemeat.(9)how,what,so,suchHow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!How+形容词+a/an/the+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!Whata/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数that…How…dealwith=What…dowith怎样处理……such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数that…such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词that…so+形容词/副词that…how+to+及物动词+宾语=what+to+及物动词注意：形容词是much,many,little(少的)只能是how,so不能是what,such。_______fineweatheritistoday!______beautifulthegardenis!______anoldmanyoucansee.Iknow______muchyoumissyourfamily.Heruns_____fastthatIcan’tcomeupwithhim._______littlemilkthereis!Theyare_____littlechildrenthattheycaneat______littlefood.Thereare______manypeoplethatIcan’tfindmymothereasily.Doyouknow_____hedidwiththebrokenglass?=Doyouknow_____hedealtwiththebrokenglass?Jimis_______lovelyaboythateveryonelikeshim.=Jimis______alovelyboythateveryonelikeshim.Look,______littlesheeptheyare.______usualawomanshelooks.=_____ausualwomanshelooks.Couldyoutellme_____tousethecomputer?=Couldyoutellme_____touse?(10)Before/ago一段时间+ago：用于过去时一段时间+before:用于过去完成时Before:用于现在完成时或过去时IhaveheardabouttheUFO______.IhadheardabouttheUFOtenyears________.IheardabouttheUFOtenyears________.(11)asleep,sleepy,sleeping,awake1)asleep是表语形容词，在句中放在be动词之后；它不能放在名词之前.反义词：awake例如我们不可以说：Lookattheasleepbaby.(asleep应改为sleeping)例：Shewasfastasleep；Icouldn'twakeherup．她睡得很熟，我喊不醒她。Theoldmanhasfallenasleep．那个老人睡着了。请注意:beasleep是指“睡着”的状态，如果表示“入睡”的意味，就要用fallasleep。2)Sleeping:是定语形容词，它放在它所修饰的名词之前，如thesleepingbaby。如果放在verb“tobe”之后（Heissleeping)，sleeping不是形容词，而是动词，issleeping是现在进行时。例：Whoisthatsleepingman？那个在睡觉的人是谁？Letsleepingdogslie．莫惹事生非。Keepaneyeonthesleeping第32页共32页\nbaby．照看好那个在睡觉的婴孩。sleeping一词有构词能力，它能和另一些词构成复合名词。如：sleeping-bag（睡袋）；sleeping－car（卧车）；sleeping-pill（安眠药）3)sleepy既可作表语，又可作定语。作表语时，means“困倦”、“想睡觉”，用作定语时，means：“贪睡”、“寂静的”。例：Thechildrenfeelsleepy；putthemtobed．孩子们困了，把他们放到床上睡吧。反馈练习：1.____isitfromyourhometotheschool?---tenminutes’walk.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar2.Thecarmaybe____but_____.A.morequickly,notassaferB.quicker,notsosaferC.morequickly,notsosafeD.quicker,notassafe.3.Ican___understandinclasswhenshespeaksEnglishtoofast.A.hardB.almostC.hardlyD.ever4.Lilydoesn’tlikenylondresses.Erindoesn’t,_____.A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neither5.Momwon’tcooksupper.____willDad.A.SoB.EitherC.AlsoD.Neither6.Heaskedmetospeak____tothenewclassmates.A.fastB.morequicklyC.morepolitelyD.friendly7.Theboyhasfewfriendssoheoftenplays____.A.lonelyB.aloneC.allofhimselfD.happy8.Mr.Wu___.A.doesn’tanymoreworkhereB.doesn’tanylongerhereworkC.doesn’tworkanymorehereD.doesn’tworkhereanylonger5、比较级前有the的两种情况和最高级不用the的情况，分别表示的意思是什么？1)the比较级oftwo/both/parents（两者的范围）2)the+比较级，the+比较级越…..,越……3)most同形容词连用而不用the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。　　It'smostdangeroustobehere.Sheisamostunusualwoman.6、每种级别的结构(1)原级组成(3种)1)as+原级+as=thesame+名词+asYouareasoldashe.=Youarethe__________ashe.2)notas/so+原级asHedoesn’trunasfastasyou.=Heruns___________you.3)基数+times(half)as+原级+asThisroomistwotimesaslargeasthatone.4)as+原级+aspossible(=sb.can)YoumustspeakEnglish_____aspossible.A.somanyB.asmuchC.asmanyD.somuch(2)比较级组成(5种)并写出原级表示比较级的2种句型1)主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/alittle/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+…。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.2)Which/Who+动词+形/副最高级，AorB?Whohasmorebooks,LinTaoorHanMei?3)The+形容词比较级...,the+形容词比较级...表示“越...就越...”。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.4)形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级,表示”越来越...”。　　It'sgettinghotterandhotter.注意：多音节用moreandmore+多音节，比较级不相同时是“更…….更”：Shegetsmoreandmorebeautiful.5)A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围含有both/either/neither/two/twins/parents)”：Pennyis______ofthetwogirls.A.tallB.tallerC.thetallerD.thetallest6)基数+times(或量词)+比较级than：Ourgardenis_____thanyours.A.twotimeslargerB.largertwotimesC.twolargertimesD.twolargetimesSheisa(=one)headtallerthanI.7)A+not+谓语+as/so+形容词（副词）原级+as+B=A+谓语+反义词的比较级(=less+原级)+than+B=B+谓语+比较级+than+A8)preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanBIamnotastallasyou.=Iam_____________you.=Youare______________me.HelikestoreadbooksbetterthanwatchTV.=He___________books_______watchingTV.第32页共32页\n(3)最高级组成(4种)并写出原级表示最高级的1种句型和比较级表示最高级的句型1)…the+最高级+名词单数+of/in短语Tomisthetallestboyofall/intheclass.2)oneofthe+最高级+名词复数oneofthemostinterestingstories3)the+序数词+最高级+名词单数+of/in短语YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.4)Which/Who+动词+形/副最高级，A,BorC?Whichistheheaviest,apig,ahorseoranelephant?5)sb.’sfavorite+名词be…=sb.like+名词+best__________subjectisEnglish.=IlikeEnglishbest.6)sb.+谓语+比较级+than+anyother+名词单数（或theother+名词复数）+of/in短语=sb.+谓语+the+最高级+of/in短语=Nobodyelse+谓语+比较级thansb.+of/in短语=A+谓语+比较级+than+everyone/anyoneelse+of/in短语：汤姆跑得比他的班上同学都快。Jimrunsfasterthan___________student(=___________students)inhisclass.=Jimrunsfastestinhisclass.=______________runsfasterthanJiminhisclass.=Jimrunsfasterthan____________inhisclass.注意：anyother+名词单数时，表示在同一范围内的比较，如果是不在同一范围内用any+名词单数：Shanghaiisbiggerthan_____cityinAfrica.A.theotherB.anyotherC.anyD.other汤姆跑得比其他班上同学都快。____________________________________________(4)表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+B:Ourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanyours.A+谓语+倍数+as+原级+as+B:Ourschoolisfourtimesaslargeasyours.A+谓语+倍数+thesizeofB:Ourschoolisfourtimesthesizeofyours.反馈练习：1.Canwedoourworkwith____moneyand_____people?A.less…fewB.less…fewerC.little…lessD.few…less2.Royisclevererthan____studentsinhisclass.A.everyoneoftheB.alltheC.anyoftheotherD.manymore3.Chinaislargerthan_____inAfrica.A.anyothercountryB.anycountryC.alltheothercountriesD.anythecountry4.Hemadethe___mistakesintheexaminhisclass.A.fewerB.lessC.fewestD.least.5.AlotofvisitorscometoHangzhoubecauseshe’s_____city.A.veryabeautifulB.quiteabeautifulC.soabeautifulD.aquitebeautiful6.Jeff___musicandknowsalotaboutit.A.isinterestedonB.isinterestedinC.isinterestingaboutD.isinterestingwith7.Thesmileonhisfaceshowsthatheis___withhisresult.A.pleasedB.sorryC.angryD.strict8.Ithinktheshop____from8:00a.m.to9:30p.m.A.isopeningB.opensC.isopenD.opened9.There’s____withmybike,butIhurtmyleg.A.wrongsomethingB.nothingwrongC.anythingwrongD.wrongeverthing10.Theboyalwaysplays___.Helooksvery____.A.alone,aloneB.alone,lonelyC.lonely,lonelyD.lonely,alone11.Wouldyouliketwomorepiecesofsausage?No,thanks.I’m___.A.hungryB.fullC.enoughD.thirty12.Yesterdayonmywayhome,itrained___andIcould___seetheroad.A.hardly,hardlyB.hard,hardC.hardly,hardD.hard,hardly13.Don’tworry.Everythingwillgoon___withyou.A.goodB.niceC.fineD.well14.Wecan’tputthisbaginthecar.It’s___crowded.A.veryB.soC.tooD.rather15.Theshirtisverybeautiful,butitis___expensive.A.toomuchB.muchtooC.manyD.more16.Thepatientate____rice___hedidyesterday.A.fewerthanB.aslittleasC.aslessasD.manymorethan第32页共32页\n12.Thewordsonthescreenaretoosmall.Ican’tseethem___.A.clearlyB.clearC.carefullyD.good13.Shewalkedso____thatshemissedthelastbus.A.fastB.quicklyC.slowerD.slowly14.Whichwouldyoulike___,tea,orangeorwater?A.goodB.betterC.wellD.best15.--Howareyounow?Iamfeeling__nowafterIhavetakenthemedicine.A.wellB.bestC.betterD.good16.Hewasn’t___withtheknife.Hecuthimself.A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefulC.carefullyenoughD.enoughcarefully17.Heranandranbuthecouldn’trun__tocatchthebus.A.enoughfastB.fastenoughC.quickenoughD.enoughquickly18.Whichis____buildinginHangZhou?A.highB.tallC.thehighestD.thetaller24.Shanghaiisthelargest___allthecitiesinChina.A.inB.onC.ofD.at25.Sheis___thananyothergirlinherclass.A.thinerB.thinnerC.thinD.thethinnest26.Ofthetwopencil-boxes,theboychose___one.A.lessexpensiveB.theleastexpensiveC.thelessexpensiveD.themostexpensive27.Whichproblemis___difficult,thisoneortheothertwo?A.moreB.themoreC.mostD.themost28.Ithinkthatis___songatthemost.A.morepopularB.themostpopularC.popularD.mostpopular29.—Whywereyoushouting?–Aliceaskedmetospeakmore___.Thelinewasbad.A.noisilyB.quietlyC.politelyD.loudly30.Brucedidn’tcometotheclassroomas___asDickyesterday.A.earlyB.earlierC.earliestD.theearliest31.Ithinkfootballis____basketballinAmerica.A.morepopularB.sopopularasC.aspopularD.lesspopular32.Youmustwriteas___asyoucan.A.morecarefulB.carefullyC.carefulD.care33.Wouldyoupleasesayit___?Istillcan’tfollowyou.A.moreslowB.muchslowC.moreslowlyD.muchslowly34.Thisbottleis___.Thereisnowaterinit.A.emptyB.fullC.bigD.small35.Thecarisrunning___.Itseemstobeflying.A.moreandfasterB.moreandmorefasterC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster36.Intheexam,themorecarefulweare,the___mistakeswe’llmake.A.littleB.betterC.fewerD.smaller37.Ihave___friendsherebutI’mtoobusyandhave___timetoplaywiththem.A.afew,alittleB.afew,littleC.few,alittleD.alittle,few38.---Isyourgranny___todaythanyesterday?---No,sheismaybealittle___,I’mafraid.A.better,badB.better,worseC.worse,betterD.well,badly39.Wehavealotofpaperbut____ink.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.notmuch40.You’dbetterkeepyourmouth___andyoureyes___.A.close,openB.closing,openingC.closed,openD.closed,opened41.Ifeltso____thatIsoonfell___.A.asleep,asleepB.sleepy,sleepyC.sleepy,asleepD.asleep,sleepy42.LongjinteaandWuyiteaarebothfamous,butwhichdoyouthinktastes____?A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best43.Thestorysounds____.A.tobetrueB.astrueC.trueD.beingtrue44.Thenoodlestaste___You’dbetternoteatthem.A.goodB.wellC.badD.nicely45.--Doctor,IthinkIam____toleavethehospital.---Notreally.You’dbetterstayhereforanothertwodays.第32页共32页\nA.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenough46.Jimmyistheoldestboyandistallerthan____boysinhisclass.A.anyotherB.theotherC.anyD.all47.---ShallIsitatthisendoftheboatortheotherend?----ifyoudon’tmove,youcansitat___end.A.neitherB.eachC.eitherD.any48.NancyisastallasSalviaif____.A.shortB.nottallerC.notastallD.shorter49.Thehorseisgettingoldandcan’trun____itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.sofasterasD.asfastas50.Johnplaysfootball____ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas51.Ittakesalongtimetogotherebytrain.Itis___byroad.A.quickB.thequickestC.muchquickD.quicker52.Thepianointheothershopwillbe____,but____.A.cheaper;notasbetterB.morecheaper;notasbetterC.cheaper;notasgoodD.morecheap;notasgood53.Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.---OK,butdoyouhavea____oneinblue,thisistoosmall.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.nice六、连词请写出有哪些连词并思考各自的用法？(20个)见状语从句区别(1)when,while均有“当…时”when还可表示“突然”，while还可表示“而”，都表示“当…时”，when引导的从句的动词可以是延续性的，表示两个动作同时发生，也可以是非延续性，时态常用一般时，主句可用进行时，但while引导的从句动词只能是延续性的，表示两个动作同时发生或紧接着发生，时态常用进行时，而主句用一般时或进行时，当是延续性时二者可互换。_____Iheardsomeonecallingme,Iwaswalkinginthestreet.Iheardsomeonecallingme_____Iwaswalkinginthestreet.Youtakeafteryourfather______yourmother.Theplanehadtakenoff______wearrived.Myparentswerecleaningtheroom____Igothome.=____myparentswerecleaningtheroom,Igothome.七、介词写出介词30个并想一下用法区别(1)at,on,in1)表示时间时：at表示点钟和固定短语；on表示某日，某星期几，某日的某个时候和固定短语；in表示某月、某年、某季节和固定短语。2)表示地点时：at表示小地方；on表示在面上(接触)；in表示大范围。Theyarrived______school______eight.____winter_____thefloor______herleftWearrived______Beijing_____Saturdaymorning._____thefarm_____May5,2010____night/noon______themorning/afternoon/evening_____bed_____thebed_____thefuture_____thebeginningof_____theageof_____averycoldafternoon_____last/first_____theend______amoment______home______work______time_____thesametime______themoment_____theweek_____theweekend______breakfast/lunch/supper_____the21stcentury_____thatday_____thistime_____thenewspaper_____thepaper_____frontof_____themap_____thewallTheyoftengotoschool_____foot.Igotowork_____thebike.____theright____AugustMycousinstayed_____theroom_____theeveningofJune15,2008.(2)except,besides,butexcept“除了”，表示排除掉某人物，即不包含，but常与nothing/nobody等连用，可与except互换；而besides“除了”则表示包含，即“不仅……又……”，相当于and。EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseum_______Tom.________Chinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.Thereisnothingonthehill______afewtrees.(3)on,above,over第32页共32页\n均表示“在….上”，on表示两物接触；above不接触，也不一定垂直，反义词below；over不接触，垂直，反义词under。Thereisabridge____theriver.Thereisatruck____thebridge.Theplaneisflying___thetruck.(4)for,since,from,in“since+(具体时刻/that-从句/段时间+ago)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”，“for+(一段时间)”表示“总共有…之久”，都常用于完成时态；in+(年、月、某个时候(用过去时或一般时)/段时间(用将来时))；from+点时间，常用from…to/till….表示“从……到…..”，如fromMondaytoSunday,frommorningtillevening,fromthen/nowonWewillstaythere_____twodays.Wewillgothere_____twodays.TheyhavestudiedEnglish_____fiveyearsago.TheyhavestudiedEnglish_____theycamehere.Iwasborn_____July,1998.IlikedEnglish_____thenon.(5)in,after均表示“在…以后”in+点时间用过去时，用when提问；in+段时间用将来时，用howsoon提问。after+点时间用将来时，after+段时间用过去时，提问均用when。Wewillseeourteacherinhospital_____twodays.Wesawthefilm_____2005.Hewillgettotheshop_____twoo’clock.Hegottotheshop_____twohours.(6)across,throughacross表示通过平面，越过，注意是cross动词；through穿过空间如door,forest,window等。Theyswam____theriver.It’sdangeroustogo_____theroad.Thebirdflewin____thewindow.(7)to,in,on表示位置某处to两地相隔；in在范围内，属于；on两地相邻。Taiwanlies_____theeastofFujian.Japanis____theeastofChina.Taiwanlies_____theeastofChina.Chongqingis_____thesouthofShichuan.八、句子1、如何变否定句(4种情况)（1）be(is,are,am,was,were)+not（2）情态动词(11个)+not（3）助动词(do,does,did,have,has,had)+not（4）不定式to(或省to)前+not2、如何变一般疑问句（4种情况）（1）有be动词(are,isam,was,were)（2）有情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should)（3）有助动词(have,has,had)（4）实义动词(无前面3种情况的单词)：另加do,does,did注意区别have,has,had既可以是实义动词又可以是助动词，助动词时其后一定有一个动词的过去分词，否则是实义动词。Ihavealreadyeatenlunchatschool.Ioftenhavelunchatschool.Hehadneverheardthesongbefore.Hehadameetingyesterday.3、请写出你学过的所有疑问词（20个）疑问代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever疑问副词：how,where,when,why=what…for,whether,however,wherever,whenever,how构成的短语疑问词：howmany(多少个)(独立用；或跟可数名词),howmuch(多少)(独立用；或跟不可数名词),howold(多大年纪),howfar(多远),howoften(多常),howlong(多久,多长),howsoon(多久以后),howmanytimes(多少次),howlarge(多大，多少对人口数量提问)　what构成的短语疑问词：whatcolor(什么颜色),whatkindof(哪一种),whatsize(多大尺寸),whatsports(什么运动),whattime(几点),whatday(星期几，注意区别what’sthedate?几号)4、如何变反意疑问句（10种情况）结构：肯定，否定？否定，肯定？注意：1)附加部分否定时必须缩写，主语必须是代词主格；2)回答是不能按汉语翻译，只能根据事实回答，相符用yes，不相符合用no。(1)主语是不定代词时，附加部分的主语物用it代替，人用they代替；(2)therebe结构的附加部分主语用there；(3)主语是this,that时，附加部分主语用it，是these,those时，附加部分主语用they；(4)陈述部分含有否定词：never,hardly,seldom(罕见),nothing,nonenoone,nobody,neither,few,little(少)，附加部分用肯定；注意：如果是前缀dis-,un-,im-,in-或后缀-less构成的否定词是时，附加部分也用否定。(5)祈使句的附加疑问部分用willyou(肯定、否定均可),won’tyou(只用肯定)；注意：let’s…,用shallwe?第32页共32页\n(6)感叹句的附加疑问部分，根据真正的主语和谓语来确定；Whatagoodboy,isn’the?(7)含usedto的附加疑问部分为：didn’t或usedn’t均可；hadbetter的附加疑问部分用hadn’t；(8)陈述句是宾语从句的否定转移时(主语一人称，动词think,suppose,believe,guess时的一般现在时)，附加疑问部分根据从句来变，否则根据主句来确定。Idislikemusic,___________?Everythinggoeswell,____________?Don’truninthestreet,___________?Letusgoforawalkaftersupper,____________?Ton’sneverbeentoChengdu,____________?MyparentscanspeaklittleEnglish,____________?Thereareafewboysintheroom,__________?Katewenttothepark,_____________?Wedon’tthinkheiswrong,_____________?Let’swatchTV,_____________?---Youwilleatnothing,willyou?---______.I’mnotfeelingwell.A.Yes,IwillB.No,Iwon’tC.Yes,IdoD.No,Idon’t5、感叹句的4种构成。（1）（2）（3）（4）感叹句特殊的3个单词详见形容词副词区别的第(9)。little(意思是少时，不是小),much,many使用how。6、宾语从句分哪几种情况，分别的引导词是什么？语序如何？时态怎样变？引导宾语从句的词：四种，一：陈述句that；二：一般疑问句if/whether；三：特殊疑问句(上面所有疑问词)；四：祈使句肯定句前加to，否定变don’t为notto。宾语从句的语序：一律用陈述句时态：(1)主句是一般现在时和一般将来时，宾语从句的时态不改变(使用原来时态)(2)主句是过去时(一般过去时、过去将来时)，宾语从句的时态使用过去的某种时态(原来是一般现在时变一般过去时，一般将来时变过去将来时，现在进行时变过去进行时，现在完成时变过去完成时)注意宾语从句是客观、真理时态不变，使用原来的时态。7、状语从句的引导词有哪些？时间（6个）after,before,when,as,assoonas,until(till),while,since,bythetime；条件（2）if,unless因果because(注意不能与so连用),since,as、结果so…that,such…that、比较than、目的（2）inorderthat,sothat让步（2）although,though(注意不能与but连用)8、定语从句引导词有哪些？分别如何判断和使用？先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语的引导词：人：that,who,whom物：that,which先行词在定语从句中作状语的引导词：地方：where=介词+which时间：when=介词+which原因：why,as先行词在定语从句中作定语的引导词：某人的…或某物…..：whose+人(物)=the+人(物)+ofwhom/which9、Therebe的谓语如何确定与have的区别Therebe表示存在的“有”，一般须接一个地点或时间状语，它的谓语按就近原则，而have/has表示所有关系，是“所有”之意。Theremust_______ameetingthisafternoon.Wewill______ameetingthisafternoon.Thereisgoingto_______apartytomorrow.Iamgoingto_____apartytomorrow.A.haveB.beC.hasD.isThere_____somewaterandbananasonthetable.There_____somebananasandwateronthetable.A.beB.isC.areD.have10、常用句型的转换有哪些？请用所给的句型翻译句子(每条横线译一种表达)。1)Somethingiswrongwith...?/Thereissomethingwrongwith/Sth.doesn’twork/Sth.isbroken.我的钢笔坏了。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2)It’stimetodo…./It’stimeforsth.差不多该吃早饭了。_________________________________________________________________3)Let’sdosth.,shallwe?/Shallwedosth?/Whataboutdoingsth?/Whynotdosth.?去打游戏如何？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4)Whydon’tyoudosth.?/Whynotdosth?为何不早点起床呢？________________________________________________________________5)Howistheweather?/What’stheweatherlike?第32页共32页\n昨天天气如何？____________________________________________________________________2)Howdoyoulike…?/Whatdoyouthinkof…?/Howdoyoufeelabout…?你觉得你学校怎样？_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3)Turnleft(right)atthesecondcrossing./Takethesecondturningontheright/left.在第三个十字路口向右转。_______________________________________________________4)Sth.cost(s)sb.money./Sbpay(s)moneyforsth./Sbspend(s)moneybuying/onsth.买自行车花了我600元。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5)Canyoutellmethewayto…?/Whichisthewayto…?/Canyoutellmehowtogetto…?到人民银行怎样走？_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6)lookafterwell/takegoodcareof..;haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself/havefundoing;givesbacall(ring)/ringup/makeatelephonecall;allbyoneself/alone;miss/notcatch;fallasleep/gettosleep;bedifferentfrom/notthesame;sendfor/asksbtocome;begoodat/dowellin;hearfrom/get(receive,have)aletterfrom;fail/notpass;failtodo/notdo;givesb.aride/picksb.up孩子们上周末玩得很高兴。______________________________________________________________你收到你父母的来信了吗？______________________________________________________________他没有乘到飞机。__________________________________________________________________11)…..after(when)/not…until/before……父母回家我们才吃晚饭。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12)like….betterthan…./prefertodo…..我更喜欢听歌而不是唱歌。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13)when….yearsold/….attheageof…12岁时他眼睛就瞎了。______________________________________________________________14)so…thatsbcan’t/couldn’t…/too…forsbtodo/not….enoughforsbtodo…(否定句)那树如此高你爬不上去。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________so…thatsb.can/can….…enoughforsb.todo…(肯定句)他如此强壮能搬动那箱子。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15)主语+谓语+宾语从句/主语+谓语+疑问词+todo.你知道他们住在哪儿吗？____________________________________________________________我不知道该选择一件外套。____________________________________________________________第32页共32页