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一.状态系动词be动词 用来表示主语状态,例如: Heisateacher.他是一名教师。(is与表语一起说明主语的身份。)二.持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如: Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。 Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。三.表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look,例如: Helookstired.他看起来很累。 Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心。四.感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如: Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft. 这种布手感很软。 Thisflowersmellsverysweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。五.终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turnout,表达"证实","变成"之意,例如: Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。 Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。 Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。(turnout表终止性结果)六.变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run. 例如: Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后,他疯了。\n Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。系动词become,get,go,grow,turn的区别都表示“(从一种状态)变成另一种状态”,但与其相关的搭配却有差别: 1.形容词在这类系动词后面作表语 1).“go+形容词”------表示“(从好的状态)变坏”: The meat in the fridge went bad.冰箱里的肉变质了。 系动词go后面的表语为mad / crazy / blind / lame“瘸”或表示颜色的形容词时, go前面的主语一般为人。 He went mad last year. 去年他疯了。 2).系动词grow后面可以接表示人或物的特征的静态形容词作表语,也可以接表示天气的形容词作表语。它侧重于“逐渐变成某种状态”。 E.g. (1)The girl grew thinner and thinner. 这个女孩越来越瘦了。 (2)Soon the sky grew dark. 天很快变黑了。 3).系动词turn后面多接表示颜色的形容词作表语,也可以接表示天气的形容词作表语。意思上侧重于“变得与以前完全不同”。 E.g. The man turned blue with fear. 那个男人因害怕而脸发青。 The weather suddenly turned much colder. 天气突然变得冷多了。 4).“get+形容词”多用在口语中。get能替代become,但become较为正式。get与become前面的主语既可以是人也可以是物。 E.g. He became/got angry with his son. 他生他儿子的气。 His coat has become/got badly torn. 他的外套已经非常破了。 get经常与形容词的比较级连用。 E.g. The days are getting longer and longer after the winter solstice. 冬至过后,天变得越来越长。 注意:系动词become一般不可用来表示“将来变得……”的意思。 2.系动词become,turn,get,go,后面能跟名词作表语,其他的“变成”类系动词后面不能跟名词作表语。 E.g. \nHis dream has become a reality. 他的梦想变成了现实。 He has turned scientist. 他成了科学家。 Her cheeks went a very pretty pink. 她的脸颊变得绯红。 注意:在turn后面作表语用的名词前通常不带冠词。3.系动词get,go,后面可接现在分词,但含义不是“成为”。 E.g. They went in and got chatting together.(get意为“开始”) 他们进去后开始聊天。 We often go swimming.(go意为“去”) 我们常去游泳。 4.系动词get后面接不定式,表示变化过程。 Mary’s growing to be more and more like her mother. 玛丽越长越像她的母亲了。 注意:这种结构不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。习题1. —what is Mr. Wang like? —____. A. He is a teacher B. He is old and kind C. He looks like a balloon D. He likes English 2. What Mr. White said sounds____. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely 3. The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. goes C. became D. went 4. When he was a child he____ . A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild D. came true 5. His voice____ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems 6. This shirt___ as if it is made of cotton. A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems 7. He looks ___ he hadn’t had a good meal for a month A. that B. as if C. when D. so far \n8. It ____that he was late for the train. A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems 9. These apples taste_____. A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good 10. —Do you like the shirt? —Yes, it ____ very soft. A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt 11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall 12. When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark. A. going B. getting C. running D. coming 13. Their plan ____ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving 14. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet. A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell 15. She____ like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels 16. It____ another fine day tomorrow. A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks 17. He ____ much younger than he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns 18. You____ very pale. Do you feel sick? A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked 19. His wish to become a driver has ____true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown 20. Her father ____a writer. A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become