初中英语重点动词用法az 41页

初中英语动词用法Aactv.表演，演戏actassb./sth.充任某角色，担任某工作Idon’tunderstandEnglish,soyouhavetoactasmyinterpreter(翻译)。其他用法：actfor代表某人，代理某人的职位Duringherillness,herlawyerhasbeenactingforherinherbusiness.在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。词语拓展：actionn.行为，行动；takeaction采取行动actorn..演员actressn..女演员activeadj.活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；activelyadv.活跃地，积极地；activetyn.活动性,活力；活动（activities复数）acceptv.接受；赞同；欢迎；听从近义词辨析：accept和receiveaccept是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接受；receive有”收到“的意思，但不一定接受。e.g.Ireceivedalotofgiftsonmybirthday,butIdidn’tacceptany.生日那天我收到许多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物。achievevt.获得achieveabalancebetween…and…在…和…之间获得平衡addv.(1)加，增加，添加addsth.tosth.往...里添加...eg.Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomewatertoit.eg.Headdedhissignaturetothepetition(请愿书)。addAandB(together)加eg.Ifyouadd5and5,youget10.addtosth.增加某事物eg.Thebadweatheronlyaddtoourdifficulties.这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。(2)补充；继续说eg.“I’llcomeherelater.’’headded.addin包括...在内eg.Don’tforgetaddmein.别忘了把我算上。addup合计，加起来addupto总计达到addfueltothefire火上浇油词语拓展：additionn.加法；增加的人或事物inaddition加上,又,另外，单独使用放在句首，逗号隔开eg:Inaddition，therearesixstudents.除此之外，还有六名学生。inadditionto除...外还eg:Inadditiontohighsalaries,youwillenjoyapaidholidayeveryyear.besides表示“除…以外，（还，也）”，相当于inadditionto.eg.BesidesEnglish,theyalsostudymath,physicsandchemistryexcept表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，常与all，every，no,none,nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。41\neg.Heansweredallthequestionsexceptthelastone.除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。exceptfor也表示“除…以外”，但是和except不同的是:与except连用的整体词和except所跟的词常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份;而与exceptfor连用的整体词与exceptfor所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去一个细节。例如:Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了几处拼写错误以外，你的作文写得很好。Exceptforanoldlady,thebuswasempty.除了有一个老太太以外，这辆公共汽车是空的。apartfrom表示“除…之外”。根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作besides,也可用作except和exceptfor。Apartfromthem,Ihadnoonetotalkto.（=except）除了他们以外，我没有人说话。Apartfromotherconsiderations,timeisalsoafactor.(=besides）除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素。(Itis)Goodworkapartfromafewslightfaults.(=exceptfor）除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作。aitionaladj.附加的，额外的，添加的advicen.建义，劝告；信息apieceofadvice一条建议askforadvice寻求建议givesbsomeadvice=givesomeadvicetosb给某人提建议take/followone’sadvice接受、遵照某人的建议advisev.给…出主意；建议；通知advicesbtodosth建议某人做某事suggestionn.(C)建议offersb.somesuggestionsCanyouoffermesomesuggestions?affectv.影响；感动egColdweatheraffectedthecrops.词语拓展：effectn.影响，作用；效果come/gointoeffect实施，生效ineffect实际上takeeffect生效，起作用haveagood/badeffectonsb.对某人有好的/坏的影响effectiveadj有效的，生效的affectionn喜爱，爱慕之情affordv.负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间（常与can,could,beableto连用）affordsth.eg.I’dlovetogoonholidaybutIcan’taffordthetime.eg.Theywalkedbecausethecan’taffordataxi.affordtodosth.eg.Theywalkedbecausetheycan’taffordtotakeataxi.eg.IhavetoworkhardbecauseIcan’taffordtoloosemyjob.affordsbsth提供，给与Thetnsactionaffordedhimagoodprofit.这笔交易使他赚了一大笔affordst抽出多少时间Ican'taffordanhourforlunch.我抽不出一小时吃午饭。afraidadj.担心，害怕，恐怕.beafraidof害怕e.g.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpfromothers.不要害怕向别人求助。41\nbeafraidfor担心e.g.I’mafraidformysister.我担心我的妹妹。beafraid/beafraidofsth./doing害怕（做）某事egI’mafraidofsnakes.我害怕蛇。I’mafraidofgoingoutaloneatnight.beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事egDon’tbeafraidtoaskquestions.不要害怕问问题。I’mafraidso./I’mafraidnot.我恐怕是这样/不是这样I’mafraidthat…我恐怕。。。。。。。.egIhavealotofhomeworktodo.I’mafraid(that)Ican’tgowithyou.agreev.同意，赞同agreewithsb.同意某人的意见eg.Iagreewithyou.agreeon+表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg.Weagreedontheplan.agreetodosth.同意做某事eg.Weagreedtostartearly.agreethat+宾语从句eg.SheagreedthatIwasright.其他用法：agreewithsb.(尤用于否定或疑问句)（对某人的健康或胃口）适合eg.likemushroomsbutunfortunatelytheydon’tagreewithme.我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。eg.Thehumidclimateinthesouthdidn’tagreewithhim.他不适应南方潮湿的气候。词语拓展：agreementn.协定，协议agreeableadj.欣然同意的disagreev.不同意，有分歧answern.&v.回答;解决方案;反应theanswertoansweraquestion回答问题solvetheproblem解决问题replyn./v.答复，回答replytoaquestion/letterMypenfriendintheUSAhasn’trepliedtomylastthreee-mails.aimv.瞄准，对准aimat瞄准，针对（直接的目的）eg.Iaimedatthedoorbuthitthewindow.eg.Myremarkswerenotaimatyou.我的话不是针对你。aimatthetarget瞄准目标/靶子；aimatasuccess志在成功beaimedat目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉eg.Ourmarketingcampaignshouldbeaimedatyoungworkingcouples。我们的行销活动应该针对年轻的上班夫妇.aimedfor瞄准；以…为目标(长久以来的目标)eg.Yourwholeparentinghasaimedforthismoment.你这个教育目标就是这一刻allowv.允许，准许allowdoingsth.允许某人做某事eg.Wedon’tallowsmokinginourhouse.在我们家不允许抽烟。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事eg.Theyallowhertogototheparty.他们允许她去参加晚会。allowsbnottodosth不允许某人做某事注意被动：sb.beallowedtodosth.allowsb.in/out/up允许某人进来/出去/起来allowfor考虑到，把……考虑进来，体谅eg.Wemustallowforhisyouth.我们必须体谅他的年轻.(sth)allowof容许eg.Thesituationallowsofnodely.情况不容拖延。词语拓展：allowancen.津贴,补助,零用钱permitv.允许，较为强硬n.许可证41\npermitsb.todosth.permitdoingsth.permissionn.允许annoyv.使恼怒，使生气annoysb.使某人生气，使某人心烦eg.Iwasannoyedbyhisremarks.他的言论激怒了我。appearv.出现；露面；（公开）演出appeartodo好象是Itappearsthat+从句eg.Itappearstomethatyouareallwrong.我觉得你们全都错了。appearancen.出现，相貌Shemadeherfinalappearanceonthescreen.她最后一次出现在银幕上。disappearv消失appreciatev.感激appreciatesth.appreciatedoingsth.arguev.争论，争吵arguewithsb.about/over/onsth.与某人争论某事eg.Wearguedwiththewaiteraboutthepriceofthemeal.其他用法：arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事eg.Theyarguehisintogivinguphisplan.arrivev.到达arrivein+大地方eg.WearrivedinParis.arriveat+小地方eg.Wearrivedatthestation/mynationtown.其他用法：arriveatsth.达成或得出某事物arrivedatanagreement(达成协议)/aconclusion(得出结论)egWhatdicisiondidyouarrivedat?你们做出了什么决定？arriveat/in到达某地getto某地reachaplace/数字到达某地/数量arrivaln.到达timeofarrival到达的时间askv.询问，问asksth.eg.MayIaskquestions?asksb.sth.eg.Heaskedmethewaytothesupermarket.Heaskedmetheirnames.Heaskedmewhereheshouldgo.asksb.aboutsth.eg.Heaskedmeaboutmyhealth.asksb.todosth.eg.Heaskmetostopsmoking.Heaskmenottoswimhere.askforsth.(todosth.)请求eg.Sheaskedformoretime(tothinkitover).她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。askforsb.找（某人）Didanyoneaskformelastweek?asksbforhelp=turntosb向某人求助asksbforsomeadvice向某人征求意见asksbforsth向某人索要其他用法：asktheway问路；askfortrouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃41\nattemptv.企图，试图试图做某事attempttodosth.attemptdoingsth.attentionn.注意，专心payattentionto注意YoushouldpayattentiontoyourspokenEnglish.你应该注意你的口语。asleepadj.睡着的fallasleep入睡Hewastootired,sohefellfastasleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。sleepvi./n.睡觉gotosleepAfterbreakfast,Iwanttogotosleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉getenoughsleepIdon’tgetenoughsleep.Ifeelsleepyinclass.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。sleepyadj.欲睡的，困倦的feelsleepy感到困倦41\nBbeatv.打败，战胜((beat,beaten))beatsb.(atsth.)在某方面打败/胜过某人Hebeatsmeatchess.他在下棋方面胜我一筹。beatsb.打某人beat/defeat一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如ateam,aclass,anschool,anarmy。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。eg.Webeattheirteamby10points.我们赢了他们队十分。Intheendtheirarmywasdefeat/beaten.最后他们的部队被击（打）败。win/gain一组同义词。gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one’sliving,experience,strength,time,knowledge,attention,respect,admiration等；win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game,war,prize,fame,battle等。eg.Weshallgainexperiencethroughpractice.我们将通过实践获得经验。Theywonthebattlebutlostmanymen.他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了很多人。hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。eg:Thestonehithimonthehead.石头击中了他的头部becomev.成为，变成become+名词Hebecameadoctoratlast.becomeinterestingin变得对...感兴趣其他用法：Whatbecomes/willbecomeofsb./sth.?某人某事的情况如何eg.WhatwillbecomeifIdie?假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？beginv.开始begintodosth.=begindoingsth.开始做某事begin/startwith由...开始eg.Wewillbeginwithyou.从你开始。eg.Theconcert(音乐会)beganwithapianosolo(钢琴独奏).beginningn.开始atthebeginningof在。。。。的开始startv开始；n.开始starttodosth=startdoingsth开始做某事atthestartof在。。。。的开始startoff动身，开始活动tostart/beginwith第一，首先endn.最后，末尾attheend（of）在(……的)末端egAttheendofthestreetyou’llfindthehospital.intheend=finally=atlast最后，终于egIntheendshemarriedasinger41\nbytheendof到。。结束时，末尾时（用于完成时）egWehadstudiedEnglishforthreeyearsbytheendoflasttermendwith以…结束behavev.举止，表现behavewell/badly表现好/不好，举止良好/不好believev.相信，认为believesb.相信某人说的话eg.Ibelievehim.我相信他的话。believeinsb.相信/信任某人eg.Ibelieveinhim.我相信他。believesb.+adj.eg.Ibelievehimhonest.我相信他是诚实的。believe+从句eg.Ibelievethathecandothejobwell.belongv.属于belongtobyprepby+交通工具乘······交通工具1）takea/the交通工具tosp.乘······交通工具去某地=gotosp.by交通工具2）onabike=bybike骑自行车onfoot步行3）on/in+限定词+交通工具4）v.+to+sp.e.g.flytosp.borrowv.借，借入，借进borrowsth.(fromsb.)从某地/某人处借...borrowabook(fromlibrary)lendvt.借给lendsth.tosb./lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人egExcuseme,canIborrowabikefromyou?/CanIborrowyourbike?我能借你的自行车吗？returnv归还，回到returntosp=gobacktosp回到某地returnsthtosp把某物还到某地inreturn回报bowv.鞠躬bowto服从bowtosb’soppinion屈从某人的意见makeabow鞠躬takeabow鞠躬答谢breakv.打破，违背breakinto闯进breakaway(from…)(从…)逃脱breakinto/topieces碎成片breakupwithsb.与某人绝交breaksth.off突然中断、终止某事物breakdown汽车抛锚breakout突然发生eg.Firebrokeoutlastnight.夜间突然失火了。breakthroughsth.克服eg.breakthroughthedifficulties克服困难breathev呼吸注意发音breathn呼吸takeadeepbreath=breathedeeply深呼吸breathein呼入41\nbreatheout呼出beshort/outofbreath上气不接下气bringv.拿来，取来，带来bringsth.tosb.=bringsb.sth.把某物带来给某人bringsb./sth.(withone)带着某物或某人来eg.Healwaysbringsabottleofwine(withhim)whenhecomestodinner.bringsth./sb.back送回某人/某物eg.Hebroughtmebackinhiscarlastnight.他昨天晚上开车送我回来的。Pleasebringbackthebooktometomorrow.请明天把书带来还我。bringsb.up培养，养育eg.Hewasbroughtupbyhisaunt.他是被他阿姨养大的。Shebroughtupfivechildrenalltogether.她总共抚养了5个儿女。其他用法：bringsth.up呕吐bringabout带来，造成bringaboutgreatchanges带来巨大变化bringin收获（庄稼等）bringinagoodharvest好收成buildv.建造，建筑buildsth.buildafactory建厂房buildsth.forsb.=buildsb.sth.eg.Hisfatherbuiltamodelaeroplaneforhim.=Hisfatherbuilthimamodelaeroplane.buildsth.of/from/outofsth.用...(材料)建造...eg.Birdsbuildtheirnestsoutoftwigs.鸟儿用细树枝筑巢。buildsth.up逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展某事物buildupabiglibrary逐渐建立一座大的图书馆其他用法：Romewasnotbuiltinaday.罗马不是一天建成的。burnv.燃烧，点燃burnout烧坏，烧完，烧尽burndown烧毁burnaway烧坏，烧掉；（逐渐）消灭，消失eg.Thesunlighthasburntawaythehaze.日光使雾消散了。buyv.购买，买buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.sellv卖sellout卖光sellsth.tosb.=sellsb.sth.卖给某人某物41\nCcallv.打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令callsb.=givesb.acal给某人打电话call+电话号码打某个电话号码callsb.at+电话号码打某个电话号码找某人callsb.sth.把某人称为...callhimawalking-dictionary把他称为活字典callonsb.拜访某人callats.p.拜访某地callby顺便拜访callfor要求，需要eg.Successcallsforhardwork.成功需要努力。callsth.off取消或放弃某事callup回想起Thisbookcallsuphappymemoriesofhischildhood.这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆。calledadj.叫做…的（后置）becalled/named被叫做carev.对...在意，对...在意takecareofsb.照顾takecareofsth.处理，负责takecaretodosth.小心，当心takecarethat小心41\ncareabout关心Hedoesn’tcareaboutanythingwesay.caretodosth.愿意做某事(多用于否定句和疑问句)eg.Wouldyoucaretogoforawalk?你愿意去散步吗？carryv.搬运，携带carrysth.withsb.随身携带carryaway运走，拿走carryback运回，拿回，使回想起carryintoeffect实现，实行carryon继续进行eg.We’llcarryonourdiscussiontomorrow.明天继续我们的讨论。carrysth.toofar做的太过分了catchv.赶上（车船等），捕获catchupwithsb.insth.在某方面追赶上某人eg.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,hewillcatchupwithyouinstudy.区别：keepupwith跟上，不落后于keepupwithhim跟上他catchsb.doingsth.逮住某人正在做什么eg.Icaughthimstealing.我发现他正在偷东西。catchupsb’sattention/eyes引起某人的注意Iwascaughtintherain.我被雨淋了。catch(a)cold伤风；catchfire着火causev.造成，使发生causesth.eg.Thecatcausedthisterribleaccident.causesb.sth.eg.Thenewcarcausedmealotoftroubles.causesth.tosb.eg.Thenewcarcarsedalotoftroublestome.causesb.todosth.eg.Theillnesscausedhimtomissthegame.其他用法：Takecare!当心！chatv.聊天，闲谈chatwithsb.和某人聊天cheervcheerup使振奋cheersbup使某人高兴checkv.核对，检查checkout检查，核对，核查chopv.剁，砍，劈chopin插嘴，多嘴cleanv.打扫，清除cleansth.up把...收拾干净checkin登记combinev.结合，组合combinewith和...组合comev.来；来到comeaftersb.追赶或追逐某人comeback回来comefrom=befrom从...哪里来，来自...comeby从...旁边走过comedown(雨、雪等)落下；(价格)下降eg.Thepriceofpetroliscomingdown.汽油价格正在下跌。comeon加油comefor为...而来eg.Iamcomingformybookswhichwerelenttoyoulastyear.我为了去年借你的那些书而来。(我想要回去年借给你的书)comeout出来；发芽comethrough经历（困难等）cometoanend结束comeupwithsb.赶上，追上41\ncommunicatev.交流，沟通communicatewithsb.与某人交流comparev.比较compareAandB=compareAwith/toB加以比较，两者相比较eg.Ifyoucompareherworkwithhis,youwillfindhersismuchbetter.compareAtoB把A比作Beg.Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.诗人把睡眠比作死亡。comparenotes(withsb.)交换意见、观点、看法等complainv.抱怨complaintosb.about/atsth.投诉，抱怨，发牢骚eg.Sheoftencomplaintomeaboutherpartner.concentratev.集中，聚集concentrateon/upon集中精力considerv.考虑，思考，认为considersth.考虑...considerdoingsth.考虑...eg.Iamconsideringchangingmyjob.我正考虑换个工作。considersb./sth.as把...当...来对待eg.Weconsiderhimasourfriend.considersb./sth.tobe把...当作...eg.Weconsiderhimtobeourbestfriend.continuev.使继续，坚持下去Tobecontinued.未完，待续。goon/continuetodosth.继续做（另一件事）goon/continuedoingsth.继续做（同一件事）goon/continuewithsth.继续……copyv.复制，抄袭copysth.fromsb.抄袭某人的...copysth.down/outin/intosth.把....抄写在...上eg.Thestudentscopiedthesums(算术题)downintheirnnotebooks.学生把算术题抄在他们的笔记本上。coverv.覆盖becoveredwithsth.被…覆盖underthecoverof在…的掩护下，以…为幌子coverup掩盖，掩饰，隐藏takecover隐蔽，躲避criticizev.批评，批判criticizesth.eg.Hecriticizedmytakingrisk.他批评了我的冒险行为。criticizesb.forsth.eg.Hecriticizedmeformyrudeness.他因为我的卤莽而批评了我crossv.穿过，横过，越过crossoversth.穿过，穿越注：(1)与across的区别(2)与through的区别crowdv.挤满，充满becrowdedwith充满eg.Theroomiscrowdedwithpeople.屋里挤满了人。costv.价值，花费（时间、金钱等）sth.costsb.somemoney.某物花费某人多少钱eg.Thisfurcoatheboughtforhisgirlfriendlastyearcosthim$4000.costsb.sth.41\neg.Carelessdrivingcosthimhislife.开车时粗心大意要了他的命。cutv.切，割cutsth.forsb.=cutsb.sth.切...给某人eg.Pleasecutapieceofcakeforme.=Pleasecutmeapieceofcake.cutsth.fromsth.cutoff切断cutoffthepower切断电源cutdown砍倒；删减cutdownatree砍树eg.Yourarticleistoolong,pleasecutitdownto1000words.你的文章太长了，请把它删件到1000字。41\nDdealv.处理，应付dealwith处理decidev.决定，下决心decidetodosth.=makeupone’smindtodosth.决定做...decide（not）todosth决定不做某事makeadecision（todosth）做一个决定做...decideonsth./sb.决定某事/某人decisionn.决定makeadecision做决定cometoadecision=arriveatadecision决定下来dependv.依赖，依靠dependon/uponsth./sb.视某物而定，取决于某物eg.Wheatherwewillhavethesport-meetingtomorrowdependsontheweather.明天我们是否举行运动会取决于天气情况。describev.描述，形容describesth.assth.把...描述成...；称作，称为eg.Hedescribeshimselfasadoctor.他把自己称为医生。designv设计bedesignedtodosth被设计来做…bedesignedfor为...而设计designern设计师die(died,dying)v.死dieofhunger死于内因diefromaccident死于外因deadadj.死的，无生命的deathn.死亡dyingadj./分词discussv.讨论，议论discusssth.withsb.和某人讨论某事eg.HewasstilldiscussingthegamewhenIgotthere.discussdoingsth.讨论做某事eg.Theydiscussedsellingthehouse.他们在讨论卖房子的事情。dislikev.不喜欢，讨厌dislikesth.讨厌某事disliketodosth.讨厌做某事dislikedoingsth.讨厌做某事41\n注：与unlike的区别unlikeadj.与...不同的，不相象的dividev.分开，划分dividesth.into把...分成dov.做，干，行动doone’sbest做出最大努力dobusiness做生意dosb.afavour帮某人的忙dowrong做错dowith处理eg.WhatcanIdowithit?我怎么处理它？havesomething/nothingtodowith与...有关/无关eg.Ithasnothingtodowithyou.这和你没有关系。dreamv.做梦，梦到dreamof/about做梦，梦见withadreamof怀着...的梦想dropv.落下，掉下，使落下dropsb.off让某人下车dropback=dropbehind(sb.)落后dropout(ofsth.)从...退出Eenjoyv.享受...的乐趣，欣赏enjoydoingsth.享受做某事enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun玩的高兴，过得愉快enterv.进入，参加41\nenter+表地点的名词进入...entertheroom进入房间(注：不能说enterintotheroom)exchangev.交换exchangestudent交换生exchangesth.withsb.和某人交换…exchangetheseatwithsb.和某人换位置；exchangeexperience交流经验exchangeAforB用A来交换Beg.Heexchangedhishealthformoney.excusev.原谅，宽恕excusesb.原谅某人excusesb.(forsth./doingsth.)宽恕某人做某事eg.Excusemeforcominglate.原谅我来晚了。expectv.预期，预料expectsth.expecttodosth.expectsb.todosth.experimentv.实验，试验experimenton/upon在...上做实验explainv.解释，说明explainsth.解释某事explainadifficultproblem解释一个难题explainsth.tosb.向某人解释/说明某事情explainoneself把自己的意思解释清楚escapev.逃跑，逃走escapefrom从...逃跑Ffamousadj.著名的出名的41\n.be+famous/well-known+for因……出名be+famous/well-known+as作为……出名be+famous/well-known+to对于……出名failv.失败failtodosth.没能做成功某事eg.ShefailedtopasstheEnglishtest.她没能通过英语考试。faildoingsth做某事失败了fallv.下降，落下fallback后退fallbehind(sb.)落后fall/dropdownfrom=falloff从什么上掉下来falloff数量或质量下降fallover=falldown摔倒fallinlovewithsb爱上marrysb（动）和...结婚get/married(状)结婚fearv.害怕，担心fearsth.害怕...feardeath/illness害怕死亡/疾病feartodosth.害怕做某事eg.Hefearedtospeakinpublic.他害怕当众讲话。fearforsb./sth.对某事物/某人感到担忧或关心eg.Ifearforhersafetyinthisweather.在这种天气里我很担心她的安全。feedv.喂养，饲养eg.Shehasalargefamilytofeed.她要养活一大家子人。feedsb./sth.(onsth.)用......喂养......eg.Ifeedmydogonfreshmeat.我用鲜肉喂我的狗。feedsth.tosb./sth.给某人/某物喂......eg.Ifeedfreshmeattomydog.feelv.感到，觉得feelsth.doing感觉到某物...feeltheheartbeating感觉到心脏在跳动feel+adj.(feel是感官系动词，后面可以直接接形容词做表语。类似的词还有：sound,look,smell,taste)feellikedoingsth想要做某事=wanttodosth=wouldliketodosthwant（wouldlike）sbtodosth想让某人做某事want（wouldlike）sth想要某物feelingn.感觉fightv.打架，争吵fightfor+抽象名词(如：事业，真理，自由等）为......而斗争，为......而战斗fightwith与......并肩战斗fightagoodfight打一场漂亮仗fightanenemy打敌人fillv.装满，添满fillin填充findv.发现，找到41\nfindsb.todosth.发现某人做某事（强调发现某人做某事的全过程）findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事（强调发现某人正在做某事）findout发现固定句式：findit+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.finditbeautiful/difficult/importantfinditimportant/necessaryforsb.todosth.finishv.完成，做完finishdoingsth.做完某事，完成某事fitv.适合，适应fitsb.适合某人Doesthecoatfit?这件大衣合适吗？Thecoatdoesn’tfitme.这件大衣不适合我。(注：不能说成：Thecoatdosen’tfitfor/tome.)adj.合适的，恰当的befittodosth.适合eg.Thedriedgrainisfittostore.晒干的谷物可以储藏。befitforsb.todosth.（befitforsb.;befittodosth.）Thefoodisnotforhumantoeat.这食物不适宜人吃。fixv.修理fixup修补，修理好flyv.飞行flyakite放风筝Howtimeflies!时间过的真快啊！时光如梭。followv.跟随，追随followsth.跟着.....eg.Springfollowswinter.冬去春来。followsb.跟踪followone’sexample照...的榜样，以...为模范followtheadvice遵照指示forbidv.禁止，不许forbidsth.eg.Peopleforbidthismeeting.人们禁止这次聚会。forbidsb.sth.eg.Sheforbadehimwine.她禁止他喝酒。forbidsb.todosth.eg.Theschoolforbidsthestudentstosmoke.学校禁止学生抽烟。forgetv.忘记forgetsth.忘记某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事rememberv记得，记起，想起remembertodosth(未完成)记得要去做rememberdoingsth(已完成)记得做过41\nGgetv.getalong(well)with和...相处（的好）geton(well)with和...相处（的好）；进展（顺利）getback回来，返回getintouchwithsb.与某人取得联系（表动作）beintouchwithsb.与某人保持联系（表状态）getoff下车geton上车getover克服（困难等）make/have/letsbdosth让某人做某事=getsbtodosthgivev.给，送给givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.giveaway分发，赠送givein交上，屈服41\ngiveup放弃giveoff发出（气味，光，热等）gov.goafter追赶goon继续goonwithsth.继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）goondoingsth.继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）goontodosth.接着做某事（前后做的是不同的事）goover复习，温习；仔细查看gothrough浏览，翻阅goup上涨，上升；攀升goagainst违反，反对growv.生长，成长growup长大，成长Hhandn.手；前腿v.交给。handin交上来。Theteacheraskedthestudentstohandintheirpapers.老师叫学生将试卷交上来。.handout分发；发放Theyarehavingoutemergencythings.他们正在分发紧急物品。handsup举手，举起手来onhand在手边(随时可用)byhand用手工(即不是用机器或其它手段)ontheone(other)hand一方面(另一方面)。handsbsth/handsthtosb把某物递给某人give/lendahandto：帮忙，支援；帮忙，增援；帮忙,支援。dosbafavor请帮我一个忙做...好么givesbahand请求某人帮忙词语拓展：handbagn.手包handsomeadj.英俊的；漂亮的handwritingn.手写；书法hang(hung,hung)v.使悬挂；使吊起上吊；绞死；处以绞刑（hanged,hanged）hangout（俚语）闲逛；闲荡happenv.发生；出现sb.happentodosth.某人发生某事eg.Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.他打电话是，她恰好不在家。sth.happentosb.碰巧；恰巧；恰好eg.Ifanythinghappenstohim,letmeknow.如果他有什么不测，就通知我词义辨析：happen/takeplace(无被动，无进行)happen指偶然发生的或未经筹划的。egTheaccidenthappenedatabout9:30.事故发生在9点30分左右。takeplace表示必然性的“发生”或者是计划安排好“举行”。egGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownrecently.最近我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。41\nhatev.讨厌，憎恶hatesth.;hatetodosth.;hatedoingsth.havev.haveagoodtime过得愉快havesomething/nothingtodowithsb.与某人有关/无关havesth.on穿着，戴着hearv.听见hearsb.todosth.听见某人做某事（强调听见做事情的过程）hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事hearfromsb.收到某人的来信=receivealetterfromsb.hearof听说=hearabouteg.Iheardthatyouareill.听说你病了。heatv.变热，加热heatup加热helpv.帮助，帮忙helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事can’t/couldn’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事withthehelpof在...的帮助下helponeself(onsth.)自用（食物）helpsb.out帮助某人解决难题，摆脱困难等hitv.打击，撞击，碰撞hitsb.onthehead打某人的头holdv.holdon（打电话时）不挂电话holdone’sbreath屏息，不出声getholdof抓住，得到hopev.希望hopetodosth.希望做某事eg.Wehopetoseesoon.我们希望不久以后就见到你。hopefor希望eg.Ihopeforsuccess.我希望成功。inhopeof;inthehopeof;inthehopethat怀着...的希望注：没有hopesb.todosth.的用法。希望某人做某事用：wishsb.todosth.wishv.希望n愿望，祝愿wish(sb.)todosth.希望（某人）做……wishforsth.希望得到wish（that）从句wishsb.+n./adj.41\nIimaginev.想象，猜想，料想imaginedoingsth.imaginesb.tobeimaginesb.doingsth.impressv.使感动，使印象深刻impresssb.withsth.给某人留下...的印象eg.Thegirlimpressedherfriendswithhumour.impresssth.onsb.给某人留下...的印象eg.Thegirlimpressedhumouronherfriends.improvev.进步，改善improvesth.eg.Hehasimprovedhishealth.eg.Hishealthhasbeenimproving.improveon/uponsth.对...做出改进improveoneself提高某人自己increasev.增大，增加increaseto增加到...(后接增长后的数目)eg.Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasincreasedto2000.学生人数增加到了2000人。increaseby增加了...（后加倍数或百分数）eg.Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasincreasedby10percent.学生人数增加了10%influencev.影响，对...起作用influencesth.n.影响，作用，影响力influenceonsth./sb.interestv.引起...关注，使...感兴趣41\ninterestsb.insth.使某人对...感兴趣eg.Heinterestedmeinfootball.Beinterestedindoingsthinterviewv.面视，采访，会见interviewsb.(forsth.)对某人进行面试或面谈interviewsb.(aboutsth.)对某人进行采访doaninterviewwithsb采访某人invitev.邀请invitesb.邀请某人invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事invitesb.to(介词)eg.WeinvitedTomtoourparty.invitationn邀请Jjoinv.加入，参加joinsth.加入...jointhepartyjoinsb.insth.eg.Willyoujoinmeinbuyingapresentforher?和我一起去给她买个礼物好吗？41\nKkeepv.保持，保留keepintouchwith保持联系keepoff远离keepon继续做keepsilent保持安静keepupwith跟上，不落后knockv.敲，碰撞knockat敲...knockdown击打，把...击昏knockintosb.撞到knowv.知道，了解，认识knowabout了解，知道...的情况=learnaboutknowof听说过eg.Idon’tknowMr.Smith,butIhaveknownofhim.我不认识...但我听说过...beknownas作为...而出名eg.TheGreatWallisknownasthelongestwallintheworld.beknownfor因...而出名eg.ChinaisknownfortheGreatWall.beknowntosb.为...所熟知eg.TheGreatWallisknowntoallthepeopleintheworld.41\nLlaughv.笑，大笑laughat嘲笑eg.Ileftmybookintheclassroomyesterday.smellv微笑smellat对某人微笑leadv.引导，引诱leadto(介词)引起，导致leadsb.tosth.引导某人learnv.学习，学会learnabout=knowabout了解learnsth.学...learnof/aboutsth.得知...learnhowtoswimlearnbyheart记住，背诵learnone’slesson吸取教训谚语：It’snevertoolatetolearn.学习不嫌晚。Liveandlearn.活到老学到老。leavev.离开n休假leave+地点forsp离开某地leavefor+地点动身去某地leavesth.落下某东西askforleavelendv.借给，借出lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把...借给某人区别：borrowsth.from从某人处借出...letv.让letsb.dosth.让某人做某事liev.卧，躺，位于（lie,lay,lain）liein(位于一个范围内)eg.ChinaliesintheeastoftheAsia.lieon(与...相邻，紧挨着)eg.ChinaliesonthesouthofKorea.lieto(不接壤，隔...相望)eg.ChinaliestothewestofJapan.likev.喜欢41\nlikesth.;liketodosth.;likedoingsth.likesb.todosth.;likesb.doingsth.listenv.听listentosb.听某人的话livev.活，生存，生活liveon靠...生存，以...为主食liveahappylife过着幸福的生活lookv.看lookat看…lookafter照顾=takecareoflookfor寻找lookdownonsb.看不起…lookthrough浏览lookout(of)向(…)外面看lookout小心=becarefullookaround环视lookup查阅lookupthewordinthedictionarylookitupinthedictionarylookback回顾looklike看起来像belike(人的内在性格)怎么样lookover检查lookon旁观lookforwardtosth./doingsth.期待/盼望(做)某事lookdownupon瞧不起lookupto看得起Mmakev.做，制造makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.eg.Hemademeacoat.=Hemadeacoatforme.makesb.dosth.让某人做某事eg.Hemadethelittlegirlcry.makesth.+形容词eg.Wemustmakeourcountrystrong.bemadeof由...制成（能看出材料）bemadefrom由...制成（看不出材料）bemadeupof由...组成bemadein+地点某物生长在某地makeup编造；化妆makeupone’smind下决心makeupfor弥补makesb.adj使某人怎么样makesb.n.选某人当……makethebed铺床marryv.嫁，娶，与...结婚marrysb.和...结婚eg.Shemarriedarichman.她嫁给了一个有钱人。Hemarriedayonglady.他娶了一个年轻的女子。marrysb.tosb.把...许配给...eg.Hemarriedhisdaughtertoaforeigner.他把女儿许配给了一个外国人。getmarried结婚（强调动作）eg.Theywillgetmarriednextyear.他们明年结婚。bemarried已婚，结婚（强调状态）eg.Theyhavebeenmarriedfor20years.他们已经结婚20年了。41\nmatterv.重要，要紧，有关系What’sthematterwith...?=What’swrongwith...?=What’supwith...?...怎么了？asamatteroffact事实上meanv.表示...的意思，作...的解释meantodosth.打算做...eg.Ididn’tmeantostartafightwithyou.我不打算跟你打架。meandoingsth.meaningn含义意义themeaningof……的含义mentionv.提及，说到Don’tmentionit.不用客气。mentionsth.tosb.对某人提及某事meandoingsth.意味着...mindv.介意Do/Wouldyouminddoingsth.用来客气地提出请求eg.Doyoumindgivingmeaglassofwater?Do/Wouldyoumindsb.’sdoingsth.用来提出询问，征求对方的意见eg.Doyoumindmysmoking?missv.(1)想念misssb.想念某人missdoingsth.想念做某事eg.Imisslivinginthecountry.我怀念住在乡下的日子。(2)错过，遗失eg.Hemissedthelastbus,sohehadtowalkhome.missone’sway=loseone’sway迷路movev.移动，搬动movein搬家moveon继续前进Nneedv.需要needsth.需要...needtodosth.需要做...needsb.todosth.需要某人做...inneedof需要eg.Hewasinneedofmoneyatthattime.那个时候他需要钱。needdoing（主动语态表被动，通常物作主语）eg.Thischairneedsrepairing.椅子需要修了。eg.Theclassroomneedscleaning.教室需要打扫了。句型：Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.对某人来说没有必要...41\nOoffendv.冒犯，得罪，使生气offendsb.惹某人生气beoffendedwith/bysb.forsth.因...而对某人生气beoffendedatsb.’swords对某人的话感到生气offerv.提供offersb.sth.=offersthtosb给某人提供某物eg.Iofferedhimaglassofwine.我给了他一杯酒。offersth.tosb.奉献…给…eg.Heofferedhislifetohiscountry.他把生命献给了祖国。offertodosth.主动提出做某事eg.Sheofferedtocarrytheboxesforhermother.operatev.(1)操作，作业eg.Themachinedoesn’toperate.机器不工作/运转了。(2)动手术operateonsb.给某人动手术operationn.手术performanoperationonsb.(医生)给某人(病人)动手术haveanoperation(病人)做手术orderv.(1)预定，点(菜)ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.为某人订做...eg.Ihaveorderedyouanewsuit.我给你订做了一套新西装。(2)命令ordersb.todosth.命令/要求某人做某事inorder整齐，秩序井然eg.Putyourbooksinorder.把你的书摆放整齐。41\nPpassv.通过passthrough通过，经过passby从...经过传递passsth.tosb.=passsb.sth.把...给某人递过来Pleasepassmethesalt.帮我把盐递过来。payv.支付，付钱paysb.支付给某人钱payforsth.为某物付钱paysb.somemoney付给某人多少钱paysb.somemoneyforsth.为某物付给给某人多少钱paysb.todosth.雇佣某人做某事payabill支付帐单payattentionto注意payback偿还paysb.avisit=payavisittosb.拜访某人pickv.挑选pickoff摘下来pickout挑选pickup捡起来；收拾；好转，恢复生机；开车接某人eg.Iwillpickyouupthisevening.今晚我来接你。planv.计划，打算planon/forsth.为...做准备plantodosth.打算做某事planondoingsthmakeaplantodosthpointv.用...指，指向pointto指向（较近之物）pointat指向（较远之物）pointout指出eg.Myteacherpointedoutmymistakes.pointofview观点，看法tothepoint切题，中肯practicev.练习，实践practicedoingsth.练习做某事，习惯做某事preferv.更喜欢，更喜爱prefersth.=like……better更喜欢eg.Ipreferice-cream.prefersth.tosth.与什么相比更喜欢什么eg.Ipreferapplestopears.41\npreferdoingsth.todoingsth.与什么相比喜欢什么eg.Ipreferstayingathometogoingoutwithyou.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做。。。eg.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutwithyou.preparev准备get/bereadyforsth.为。。。做准备get/bereadytodosht准备做。。。=prepareforbepreparedforsthbepreparedtodosth某人为做某事做好了准备pretendv.假装pretendtodosth.假装做某事pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事eg.Thestudentspretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercamein.pressv.按，挤，压，逼迫，强迫presssb.todosth.强迫某人做某事providev.提供，供应，供给producefoodandclothesforone’sfamily养家糊口providefor(sb.)赡养eg.Hehasabigfamilytoprovidefor.putv.放置putaway把…收拾起来putback把（表等）拨慢putdown镇压putforward把（表等）拨快putoff推迟，延期puton穿上，戴上反义：takeoff脱下putthrough接通（电话等）putup搭建（帐篷）；张贴（广告）putupwith忍耐，忍受putthefatinthefire火上浇油putinto=translateinto把…翻译成…putout熄灭，关（灯等）；出版，发布QRraisev.筹集，募捐raisemoney捐款raiseanarmy招兵举起，升高raiseone’shand举手raiseone’sglasstosb.举杯祝福某人raiseprices涨价raiseone’svoice提高声音risereadv.阅读readout宣读readaloud朗读readsb.’smind看出某人的心思readsb.’shand看手相readbetweenthelines体会字里行间的意思，领会言外之意41\nrefusev.拒绝，回绝refusesth.拒绝某事eg.Herefusedmygift.他拒绝了我的礼物。refusesb.sth.拒绝某人某eg.Shecan’trefusehimanything.他什么也不能拒绝他。refusetodosth.拒绝做某事regardv.将...视为regardas将...视为...eg.Iregardyouasmybestfriend.n.尊重，尊敬givesb.’sregardstosb.把某人的祝福带给…remainv.留下，被遗留，剩余，保持不变eg.Iremainedthreedaysinthatcountry.我在那个国家逗留了三天。remaininone’smind留在某人的记忆里rememberv.记得remembertodosth.记得要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事rentv.出租rentsth.tosb.把...租给某人repairv.(1)修理，修补repairsth.修理...(2)纠正，补救repairamistake纠正错误(3)赔偿，补偿repairtheloss赔偿损失(4)恢复repairone’shealth恢复健康replyv.回答，答复replytosb.回答某人n.回答inreplyto为答复...reportv.报道，报告reportto向...报告Itisreportedthat...据说restv.休息havearest休息=takearestrestone’shopesonsb.把希望寄托在某人身上retirev.退休，离职retirefromone’sposition离职retirefromtheworld隐居returnv.返回，归来returntos.p.回到某处returntoschool返校returnhome回家returnsth.tosb.把...还给某人=returnsb.sth.returnsth.tos.p.把...还给某处haveagreatregardforsb.非常尊重某人reviewv/n检查，回顾，评论reviewsth=goover复习=revisefordosomereviewsabout关于…做评论ridev.骑，乘rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideon/inabus/atrain乘公交车/火车=takeabus/atrainrollv.卷，裹rollsb.over把某人打翻在地（或撞倒在地）rollby流逝Theyearsrolledby.岁月流逝。rollover翻滚runv.跑runafactory开工厂runacross无意间碰到41\nrunafter追逐，追求runaway逃走，离家runawayfrom逃跑runoutof用完runinto(1)陷入runintodanger陷入危险(2)偶遇runintoanoldfriend遇见一个老朋友rushv.冲，奔rushtoward向前冲rushat/on冲向...rushinto(theroom)冲进（房间）rushupto冲向rushtodosth.冲着去做某事(积极地去做某事)Ssavev.挽救，节省savesb./sth.from从…里把…救出来eg.Hesavedthelittlegirlfromthefire.他从大火中救出了小女孩。savesb.sth.节省，免去eg.Thatsavedusalotoftrouble.那省去了我们很多麻烦。savesb.doingsth.省去某人做某事eg.I’lltelephoneandthatwillsavemewritingaletter.我会打电话，那就省得我写信了。saveone’slife救命savemoney省钱，存钱seev.看见seesb.dosth.seesb.doingsth.类似用法的单词还有：find,hear,notice,lookat,listento,see,see...as...把...看做...=regard...as...=treat...as...=lookupon/on...as...seekv.寻找，探究seekfor/after寻求，追求seemv.看上去Itseemsthat….看上去….eg.Itseemsthatheisill.看上去他好像病了。seemtodosth.看上去…eg.Iseemedtohaveseenyoubefore.我以前好像见过你。=ItseemedthatIhaveseenyoubefore.servev.为...服务，招待servesb.为某人服务servethepeople为人民服务servesb.sth.为某人提供…servethecustomerstea给客人们上茶sellv.卖sellsth.;sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把...卖给某人sellsth.tosb.forsomemoney把...以...(多少钱)卖给某人sendv.(1)送，寄sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.(2)打发，派遣sendsb.todosth.派某人做某事eg.Ihavesenthertobuysomemilk.sendforsb.派人去请…eg.Wemustsendforadoctor.我们必须去请个医生。sendup发射41\nsendaway驱赶sendoff/away把······送往另一方shakev.震动，摇动shakeone’shead(at/oversth.)不赞成shakehandswithsb.和某人握手=shakesb.bythehandshootv.投篮，射击shootat向…射击shoutv.叫，喊shoutatsb.冲某人大喊大叫(不礼貌地)shouttosb.冲某人大喊=callouttosb.shoutforhelp高声呼救showv.展示，给...看beonshow展览showsth.出示...eg.Pleaseshowyourticket.请出示你的票。showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看...；出示...给某人showoff炫耀，卖弄showsb.around=takesbaround带某人四处参观shutv.关上（门，窗等）shutoff关掉shutup闭嘴sitv.坐下situp(late)=stayup(late)熬夜sleepv.睡觉sleeplate睡懒觉区别：stayuplate熬夜fallasleep入睡gotosleep去睡觉speakv.说话speak+语言说某种语言eg.HecanspeakEnglish.他能说英语。speakin+语言用某种语言说eg.PleasespeakinEnglish.请用英语说。speakto/withsb.和...说话speakaboutsth./of谈到...speakonsth.谈某方面的问题honestlyspeaking诚实地说spendv.度过(时间)，花费(时间、金钱等)sbspend时间/钱（in）doingsth某人花费时间/钱做sbspend钱/时间onsth某人在…上花费…钱/时间sbspend时间withsb（insp）和某人（在某地）度过多长时间eg.Shespends5hoursonherstudyeveryday.他每天在学习上花5个小时。eg.Hespent1000dollarsonthisbookyesterday.昨天他买书花了1000美元。eg.Hespent3dayswithhismotherlastweek.上周他花了三天的时间陪他母亲costv.价值为物+cost(s)+人+钱.　　　物花了（人）钱e.g.Thebookcostsme$100.(这本书花了我100元)　.It+cost(s)+人+钱+to+do　买物花了（人）钱egItcostme$100tobuythebook.payv支付41\nsbpay（s）＄forsthpaytosb付给某人。。。。钱paysb.付钱给某人takev花费Ittakessb+时间+todostheg.Shespends5hoursonherstudyeveryday.他每天在学习上花5个小时。eg.Hespent1000dollarsonthisbookyesterday.昨天他买书花了1000美元。eg.Hespent3dayswithhismotherlastweek.上周他花了三天的时间陪他母亲standv.(1)站立standup起立(2)忍受standsth.忍受某事standtodosth.忍受做某事(can’t)standdoingsth.无法忍受做某事standfor代表….stayv.逗留，保持stayup=situp熬夜stayawayfrom不在，缺席；逃避staywithsb.和某人在一起stayathome呆在家里stayout呆在外面stay+adj.保持······stopv.停止stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事storev.储存instore储存eg.Wehavealotoffoodinstore.我们储藏了很多食物。succeedv.成功succeedindoing/sth.在…….取得成功faiiv失败successfuladj.成功的successn.成功suggestv.(1)建议suggeststh.建议某事eg.Hesuggestedawalk.他建议散步。suggestdoingsth.建议做某事eg.Hesuggestedgoingforawalk.suggeststhtosb向…建议suggestthat+主语+(should)+V原41\neg.Hesuggestedthatwe’dbettergoforawalk.(2)表明，暗示eg.Heryawnsuggeststhatsheissleepy.她打哈欠表明她困了。suggestion(n)sureadj.确定的，确信的besure确定besureofsth对…确定besuredoingsthbesuretodosth一定要做…makesureofsth确信…makesurethat确保…makesuretodosth一定要做…sure=certainly=Ofcourse当然surelyadv的确supposev.假定，认为，期望supposethat….eg.Theysupposedthathewasdead.他们认为他死了。supposetodoeg.Theysupposedhimtobedead.supportv.支持，帮助supportsb./sth.支持某人/某事supportsb.insth.在某方面支持某人Ttakev.(1)乘，搭乘takeataxi/bus/train/plane/air区别：picksb.up开车接某人(2)拿走，带到takesth.(withsb.)随身携带...takesth.tosb./s.p.把...拿给某人，拿到某地方去takeaway拿走(3)吃takethemedicine吃药(4)记录takenotes记笔记；takeone’stemperature量体温(5)买I’lltakethissweater.(6)花费Ittakessb.somemoney/timetodosth.Ittooksb.somemoney/timetodosth.eg.Ittookhim1000dollarstobuythisringforhisgirlfriend.Ittakesme2hourstodomyhomework.扩展词组take...for...=mistake...for...误认为takegreattroubletodosth.不辞辛劳做某事take(good)careof照料=lookaftertakecare当心，小心，注意takeoff取消，拿去takeadayoff请一天假takeone’sseat就坐takeone’stime不急takeout起飞，拿出，取出takeback收回takepartin参加，参与taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事takeplace发生，产生taketheplaceof代替，取代41\ntakeonanewlook呈现新面貌takesth.seriously认真对待某事takeaphoto/pictureof照一张...的照片takenotes做笔记，做记录takeaim瞄准takeanaction采取行动takepridein以...自豪takeaninterestin对…感兴趣=beinterestedintakeafter(外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像takeup占据eg.Thedesktakestoomuchroom.这张桌子占了太多空间。takesth.outofsth.从……中拿出talkv.谈论talkwithsb.与...交谈talktosb.和...谈话talkabout谈论关于talkof谈到，说到talkover商量，讨论talkinahigh/lowvoice高(低)声说话giveatalk作报告haveatalk听报告speakv说话谈话speak+语言/tosb说什么语言，和某人说话（无内容，可用于电话用语）sayv表达，写到saysth.tosb.向某人说什么（有说话的内容）tellv告诉，讲述tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事tellsbsth=tellsthtosb告诉某人某事tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人做某事tellalie=telllies说谎tellastory=tellstories讲故事speechn演讲do/makeaspeech做一个演讲teachv.教teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教给某人某事teachsb.todosth.教给某人做某事teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学tellv.告诉，讲述tellsth.讲述...tellastory/alie/thetruthtellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于...tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.tellsb.(not)todosth.thankv.感谢thanksforsth./doingsth.因为某事而心存感激thanksb.forsth./doingsth.因为某事而感谢别人thanksto幸亏，由于，因为eg.Thankstothedoctor,herecoveredquickly.多亏了医生，他恢复的很快。thinkv.想，考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkof考虑，关心thinkabout考虑thinkup想出41\nthrowv.投，掷throwabout到处乱扔throwat向...扔去throwoneselfinto投身于...，积极从事translatev.翻译translateAintoB=turn…into=change…into…把A翻译成Btranslationn.treatv.对待treatsb.well/badly对某人好/不好treatsb./sth.as把...当...对待eg.Don’ttreatmeasachild.troublev.使烦恼，麻烦，打扰betroubledby为...而烦恼eg.Don’ttroubleaboutit.别为此而烦恼。n.烦恼ask/lookfortrouble自找麻烦beintrouble处于不幸/困难/困境中tryv.尝试tryout试验trysth.on试穿try(not)todosth试图，努力，试着做某事trydoingsth试着做某事tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth竭尽全力做某事haveatry,haveago,wantatry,wantago试一试n.haveatry试一下turnv.转turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turn+颜色变成什么颜色turnon打开turnoff关上turnup把...的声音调大turndown把...的声音调小turnin上交，上床睡觉turnout驱逐，把...赶走turnouttobe结果是，证明eg.Itturnedouttobeafineday.结果，那天是个好天气。turnover打翻，反复思考turnleft/right左/右转n.转动，轮流，时机byturns轮流，交替taketurns轮流，交替It’ssb.’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事Uurgev.强烈要求，竭力主张urgesb.todosth.怂恿某人做某事urgesb.intodoingsth.怂恿某人做某事urgeagainststh.极力反对某事usev.使用41\nuseone’sbrain动脑筋eg.Heusedhisbrainandfoundaway.usesth.todosth.用...做...eg.Iuseknifetocuttheapple.我用刀子切苹果。usesth.up用尽，耗尽n.用法，用途；价值，效用；习惯，惯例comeintouse开始被使用eg.Computershavecomeintowideuse.计算机开始被广泛使用。beoutofuse不再使用，废弃make(good/full/little)useof(好好/充分/不充分)利用Wemustmakefulluseofourbooks.我们必须充分利用我们的书籍区分：(1)usedtodosth.过去常常做某事（现在不做了）只用于过去时态Heusedtogetupearly.他过去总是起的很早。(2)beusedtodosth./doingsth.习惯做某事可用于多种时态中Hehasbeenusedgettingup.他已经习惯早起了。Hewillbeusedtogettingupearly.他将会习惯早起的。(3)beusedtodosth.被用于做某事被动语态Woodisusedtomakepaper.Vvisitv.参观，访问，拜访visitsb.拜访某人visits.p.拜访某地n.参观，拜访payavisittosb./s.p.拜访某人/某地=paysb./s.p.avisit有关“拜访”的说法：callat+s.p.callon+sb.beonavisittospWwaitv.等待waitforsb./sth.等待某人/某事can’twaittodosth.等不及要做某事waitsth.forsb.(为等候某人)推迟...eg.Ishallbehomelatetonight,sodon’twaitdinnerforme.今晚我回来的晚，别等我吃饭。keepsb.waiting使某人等候或耽搁某人（如因对方不准时）eg.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起，让你久等了。waitandsee等着瞧waittodosth等着做某事41\nwaitamoment/minute等一会wakev.醒wakeup醒来wakesb.up把某人叫醒/吵醒wakethedead把人吵死walkv.走，步行，散步walkupanddown走来走去walkalong沿着...走awalkingdictionary活字典wantv.想要，需要wantsth.wanttodosth.wantsb.todosth.washv.洗刷eg.Theclothwasheswell.这布很耐洗。washaway冲走，冲垮wastev.浪费，滥用wastesth.浪费...eg.Don’twasteelectricity.It’sawasteof浪费...eg.It’sawasteoftime.wasteone’sbreath浪费口舌wastepipe污水管，废水管wastewater废水wastepaper废纸watchv.观察，监视watchsb.dosth.watchsb.doingsth.watchout当心，小心watchover守卫，看守，监视watchone’stime等待时机wayn方式，方法，道路onone’s/thewaytosp.在某人去某地的路上inthis/thatway用这、那种方法inthe/one’sway挡住某人的路alltheway一路上bytheway顺便说一下makeone’swaytosp.朝某地走去inaway从某种程度上loseone’sway迷路=belost=loseoneselfwearv.穿着wearoff消失，渐渐减弱wearout消瘦；穿坏，用坏，用旧；耗尽wearv（状态）穿戴puton/takeoff（动作）dressv（状态、动作）dresssb.给某人穿衣dressoneself穿衣41\ndressupbein+颜色（状态）havesth.On（状态）无进行时态tryon试穿weighv.称，称...的重量weighoneself称体重，称自己的重量weighone’swords斟词酌句weighsth.inone’smind考虑某事winv.赢得，获胜winsth.获胜wintherace/game/matchwinsth.fromsb.在...中胜过某人区分：我们赢了他们。Wewonthem.(错误)Webeatthem.(正确)welcomev欢迎n.欢迎welcomesb+地点副词/tosp欢迎某人来某地welcome(sb)back(tosp)欢迎某人回到某地sbbewelcometodosth/sp欢迎某人做某事（来某地）eg.youarewelcometo(visit)oursschool.givesbawarmwelcome热烈欢迎某人giveawonderful/warmwelcometosb热烈欢迎某人=givesbawonderful/warmwelcomewonderv.觉得奇怪，想知道wonderatsth.感到惊奇wonderaboutsth.感到好奇workv.工作eg.Mywatchdoesn’twork.我的表不走了（不工作了）。workout算出，解决workat从事，学习，攻读workon从事workas作为…工作workfor为…效力n.工作（不可数名词）apieceofwork一项工作outofwork失业brainwork脑力劳动jobn.工作twojobs两份工作worryv.使烦恼，使焦虑worryaboutsb./sth.（对某人、困难、前途等）感到担忧，担心，发愁eg.Yourparentsareworryingaboutyou:dowritetothem.worrysb.(withsth.)烦扰或打扰某人eg.Don’tworryher;sheisbusy.41\nworrysb.forsth.缠着某人要某物Don’tworry.不要担心。=Don’tbeworried.beworriedaboutsth.担心...writev.写writetosb.给某人写信=writealettertosb.=writesb.aletterrecive(get)aletterfromsb=hearfromsb收到某人的来信writedown=takedown=putdown写下来，记下来writesth.(about)写..（关于）.writeanarticle/anovel写一篇文章，写一部小说XYZ41\n薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿羁膂莈蚅袇膁蒀蒈螃膀膀蚃虿腿节蒆羈芈莄蚁袄芈蒆蒄螀芇膆蚀蚆袃莈蒃蚂袂蒁螈羀袁膀薁袆袁芃螆螂袀莅蕿蚈衿蒇莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆蒂薆螅羅膁蒈蚁羅芄蚄罿羄莆蒇袅羃蒈蚂螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蚁薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿羁膂莈蚅袇膁蒀蒈螃膀膀蚃虿腿节蒆羈芈莄蚁袄芈蒆蒄螀芇膆蚀蚆袃莈蒃蚂袂蒁螈羀袁膀薁袆袁芃螆螂袀莅蕿蚈衿蒇莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆蒂薆螅羅膁蒈蚁羅芄蚄罿羄莆蒇袅羃蒈蚂螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蚁薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅薆螂聿芁薅袄芅薀薄羇肇蒆蚄聿芃莂蚃螈肆芈蚂羁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃荿葿虿袅膂莅蚈羇莈芁蚈肀膁蕿螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅肄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螂肁肈莄袁螀芄芀袀袂肇薈衿羅节蒄袈膇肅蒀袇袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁荿薁蒂螁膁蒇蒁袃莇莃薀羆膀艿薀肈羃薈蕿袈膈薄薈羀肁葿薇肂芆莅分享知识成就自我!41