熟记初中英语重点词组、句型 6页

熟记-------初中英语重点短语、句型1.Thanksforsth./doingsth.  谢谢你……  2.Thanksto…多亏…，由于…   3.likedoingsth.:一贯性喜欢做某事经常性喜欢做某事 liketodosth. 具体某一次喜欢做某事4.Howmuch修饰不可数名词；Howmany修饰可数名词复数   它们都是“多少”的意思。5.want=wouldlikewantsth.   wanttodosth.    wantsb.todosth.    wantsb.nottodosth.6.befrom=comefrom来自…….7.acrossfrom=beoppositeto在…的对面8.●Howistheweathertoday?=What’stheweatherliketoday?9.toptodosth.停止现在的事，去做另一件事。     stopdoingsth. 停止做某事10.It’stimetodosth.      It’stimeforsb.todosth.     It’stimeforsth.11.see/watch/hear/notice/findsb.doingsth.  ……某人正在做某事（正在进行）see/watch/hear/notice/findsb.dosth.     ……某人做了某事（全过程）12.arrivein+大地方     arriveat+小地方     getto+地方     reach+地方     13.国家---------人—-------语言Italy—-Italian—Italian           Japan-------Japanese--------JapaneseChina—Chinese—Chinese      America—American—English   England—Englishman—English Canada—Canadian—EnglishGermany—German—German  France—Frenchman—French 14.询问职业：Whatdoessb.do?        Whatam/is/aresb?      What’ssb’sjob?15.询问天气Howistheweathertoday?=What’stheweatherliketoday?16.使役动词make/let/havesb.dosth（getsb.todosth.除外）在被动语态中省略的to要还原。17.问路：Whichisthewayto…？Canyoutellmethewaytothe..？HowcanIgettothe…？   18.familyname=lastname 姓      firstname=givenname  名19.take:把东西从此处带走. bring:把东西由别处带来.fetch/get：去把东西带来(goandbring)   carry:携带，搬运（无方向性）20.系动词后用形容词作表语。sound/seem/look/become/get/turn/taste/feel/smell/touch+adj.21.sound:声音的总称。        noise:噪音          voice:嗓音22.询问年龄：Howoldareyou?  What’syourage?23.look:发生看的动作    lookat… 看……        see:看见没有的结果listen:发生听的动作   listento…听……         hear:听见没有的结果24.询问怎么了？What’sthematter=What’sthetrouble?=What’swrong?=What’sup?25.(………有问题)There’ssomethingwrongwith…\n26.It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth. (对某人来说做某事怎么样)27.(花费某人时间做某事)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Sb.spend…onsth./(in)doingsth.        Sb.pay…forsthSth.cost…、28.begoodat=dowellin   擅长….begoodfor       对…..有好处。begoodto=befriendlyto  对…..很友善。begoodwithsb.和…相处融洽29.Aas+原级+as B(和…一样 A)notas/so+原级+asB  (不如，不及…)30.alittle=abit=alittlebit=kindof 有点儿31.akindof… 一种…     allkindsof…  各种各样的…      differentkindsof…  不同种类的…     bekind  和蔼的32.祈使句的反义疑问：  Let’s…，用 shallwe? Letus… 用willyou?祈使句的否定句：在句首加Don’t即可。33.too…to…可用not…enough…或so…that…来改写。如： Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.=Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.34.borrowsth.fromsb=borrowsb.sth. 借进         lendsth.tosb.=lendsbsth.  借出keep借并保存一段时间（常用于完成时for,since与搭配，代替borrow ）     I’vekeptthisstorybookforamonth,andIdidn’treturnit.35.形容词做定语修饰不定代词(something,somebody,somewhere,anything,anything,anywhere,nothing)时，形容词后置。eg.I’mgoingtomoresomethinginteresting.36.take+限定词+交通工具+to+某地 go/getto+某地+by+交通工具单数 goto…onfoot=walkto…    37.puton:穿衣的动作     wear:穿着衣服的状态    bein+颜色、衣服、帽子等，强调状态dresssb(给sb穿衣)39.be/getmadatsb.=be/getangrywithsb.  生某人的气        bemadabout… 对……狂热的40.be/getmadatsb.=be/getangrywithsb.  生某人的气        bemadabout… 对……狂热的41.famous=well-knownbefamousfor 因……而出名  (跟出名的原因)     befamousas　　以……而出名（跟职业／身份／地位）42.allthetime 总是，一直     allthesame 仍然、还是43.bytheway顺便说一下   intheway妨碍、挡路  ontheway在途中  44. The+比较级，the+比较级    越……，就越……比较级+and+比较级（越来越……）45.动名词/不定式做主语，谓语用三单形式。46.例如：forexample,…… suchas……47.提建议：Whydon’tyou+V原？  Whynot+V原？ Youshould+V原.     You’dbetter+V原.Howabout+Ving?  Whatabout+Ving?48.Sb.needtodosth.(主语为人)     Sth.needdoingsth.（主语为物）49.toomuch+不可数名词     toomany+可数名词复数      muchtoo+adj.50.instead:代替（放在句尾）；然而，相反的（放在句首） insteadof…:代替…（放在句中）     51.have/hasbeento  +sp.去过，已回来（人在）      have/hasgoneto +sp.去\n了某地未回来(人不在)    have/hasbeenin  +sp. 在某地呆多长时间52.害怕做某事：beafraidofdoingsth=beterrifiedofdoingsth=bescaredofdoingsth       beafraidtodosth53.（多于）morethan=over+数词+名词54.●表示人口的“多”用large/big,表示人口的“少”用small.●问“人口的多少”时，用“What’sthepopulationof……”55.甲怎样，乙也怎样：So+谓语+主语●甲不怎样，乙也不怎样：Neither/Nor+谓语+主语●甲怎样，乙赞同：So+主语+谓语●甲不怎样，乙赞同：Neither/Nor+主语+谓语（的确如此）56.不再anymore=anymore    not…anylonger=nolonger（谓语用延续性动词）  not…anymore=nomore57.beabletodosth.用于任何时态；can用于一般现在时和过去时态58.就近一致原则：Therebe,Either…or…,Neither…nor…,Notonly…butalso…,离动词最近的主语决定动词的单复数形式59.在状语从句中（由when,after,if,until,unless,assoonas等引导），主句是下列情况之一，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意思：主句有情态动词；主句是祈使句；主句是将来时）--------------即主将从现I’llcallyouassoonasIgetthere.60.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事.getonwellwithsb.和某人相处得好haveafightwithsb.与某人打架arguewith...和……争吵    outofstyle过时     instyle流行的makealiving谋生runoutof…用尽      bytheway 顺便说一下beinterestedin 对……感兴minddoingsth.介意(反对)做某事giveaway赠送makefriendswith和……交友渴望做某事   beanxioustodosth61.usedtodosth. 过去常常……        be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于…… beusedby  被……使用   beusedfordoingsth.=beusedtodosth.  被用来做……        beusedas 把……用作……62.becauseof+短语      because+句子（主语+谓语）beworriedabout=worryabout  担心……63.attimes=sometimes有时        sometime  某时   sometimes几次，几倍     sometime 一段时间64.prefertodosth.               prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.       preferdoing sth.todoingsth.65.bemadefrom…由…制成（看不出原料）bemadeof……由……制成（能看出原料）66.takeplace和happen都是表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态。happentosb. 某人发生了某事   happentodosth. （碰巧发生了某事）它们的区别是：happen:一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生takeplace:发生事先计划或预想到的事物.(历史上的事件，集会等先布置而后发生或举行的事情，不用于地震等自然现象)67.havesb.dosth.让某人做某事get/havesth.done让别人做某事68.havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime+doingsth做某事很困难69.laughatsb.嘲笑某人regard…..as…=consider….as…..=treat…as…把…..当成……70.except除…以外….   Allthestudentswenttothezooexceptme\nbesides除….以外（包括在内）  Ihavefewfriendsbesidesyou.71.I’llcallyouassoonasIgetthere.72.if引导宾语从句时“是否” if引导条件状语从句“假如，如果”，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 Idon’tknowifitwillrain（ 宾从   ）ifitrains,Iwon’tgoout. （条从）73.afford买得起，负担得起（…的费用）Ican’taffordanewcar.       affordtodosth 负担得起做某事74.beproudof =takepridein+n /doing对…..感到骄傲75.beallowedtodosth被允许做某事   allowsbtodosth 允许某人做某事   allowtodosth 允许做某事76.So+助、be、情态动词+主语“某人也一样”       Ihavetodomyhomework.Sodoeshe.Nor/neither助、be、情态动词+主语“某人也不”     Marydidn’tgotothepartylastnight.Neither/nordid77.bestrictwithsb 对某人严格      bestrictinsth   在某方面很严格78.、haveanopportunitytodosth  有机会做某事79.some/any均为“一些”，+可、不可数名词；some一般用于肯定，any多用于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some.   ---Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?      ---Yes,please./No,thanks80．either指两者其一  neither指两者都不either…..or…..不是…就是…. neither…..nor…..既不…也不……81.1)   other别的、其他的2) theother两者中另一个 one….,theother....一个…另一个……3)      others泛指别的人或物=other+复数名词 some……,others…..一些…..另一些…..4)      theothers特指其余剩下的人或物   some…..,theothers……一些…..，其余的……5)      another任何一个，另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个）82.succeed(in)doingsth成功地做某事   success n.   successful adj83.、数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion     几百/千/百万/十亿hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of 成百的/千的/百万的/十亿的84.If的用法：在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，表示一种假设，需用虚拟语气，对现在情况的假设，条件从句中用一般过去时（be动词勇were）,主句用would/should/could+V原Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.85.alotof,lotsof,some,plentyof既可修饰可数，也可修饰不可数名词。anumberof+可数名词复数+V复“大量的”Anumberoftreesarecutdown.thenumberof+可数名词复数+V三单“..的数量”Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis52.amountof,much,alittle,little,abitof,adealof+不可数名词+V三单many,afew,few+可数名词复数+V复86.(rather)than其后动词的形式，与前面动词的形式保持一致。Ilikesingingthandancing.宁愿做…而不愿做…..1）wouldratherdosththandosth.    2）wouldlike\ntodosth,thandosth   3）prefertodosthratherthandosth    4）preferdoingtodoing87.、taste v.品尝，尝起来  n.味道，品味     系动词taste,smell,look,sound,feel+adj 88.、使….想起…. 提醒（某人）remindsbremindsbofsth      Thephotosremindedmeofmyschooldays.remindsbtodosth    Canyouremindmetowakehimupat6:25.89.though/although和but不能连用Mygrandfatheris100yearsold,butheisveryhealth.=Thoughmygrandfatheris100yearsold,heisveryhealth.because和so也不能连用90.afew+可数名词（表肯定）一些         alittle+不可数名词（表肯定）一些few           （表否定）几乎没有    little          （表否定）几乎没有91.expecttodosth.=hopetodosth.=wishtodosth.92.玩得高兴，过得愉快haveagreattime=havefun=enjoyoneself.93.加ed的修饰人“感到。。。的”；加ing的修饰物“令人。。。的”eg:Shewassurprisedtoreadthissurprisingnews.94.beexcitedat    bedisappointedat   besurprisedat/todosthbeinterestedin=takaaninterestin+n/Ving95.(1)cross 从表面上通过  walkcrossthestreet/bridge/river….(2)through 从空间通过  gothroughtheforest/jungle/crowed…96.(1)hopetodosth.     hope+从句(2)wishtodosth.     wishsb.todosth.     wish+从句97.、Whynot+V原…..?=Whydon’tyou+V原….?Let’s+V原98.oneof+adj最高级+复数名词+V三单     OneofthehighestsightsinParisisEiffelTower.99.辨析cost spend pay takeSth.costs(cost)……       TheTVcostme500dollarsSb.spend(spent)….onsth./doingsth.  Ispent500dollarsontheTV.Ispent500dollarsbuyingtheTV.Sbpay(paid)….For…               Ipaid500dollarsfortheTV.Ittakes(took)sb.…..todosth.         Ittookme500dollarstobuytheTV.100.unless=ifnot条件状语从句，由if, unless引导。 （主将从现，主过从过）Ifitdoesn’train,we’llgofishing.  Unlessyouseeadoctor,youshouldn’ttakethemedicine.101.providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.offersb.sth=offersthtosb. Sheofferedmoneytothepoorchildren.offertodosth.自愿做某事102.mind,finish,keep,bebusy,feellike,practice,havefun,enjoy,havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime,permit,spend,beworth,keepon,keep,beusedto,continue,giveup,putoff,endup,payattentionto,lookforwardto,consider,suggest,can’thelp,miss+doingsth，feel,hear,see,find,watch,noticesbdosth（做过）doingsth（正在做）103.adj/adv+enough 足够。。。样     enough+n  足够的。。。  makesbdosth (hear,watch,see,have等用法相同)（但变为被动语态时，其后加to）\n104.afterall毕竟   捡起，挑选pickup  指着pointat    makeanoise制造噪音    沿着….一直走….walkdown…besupposedtodosth.应该做某事..inorderto……为了….. 、wonder=wanttoknow想知道when（一般后跟过去时）           while（一般后跟进行时）it’snecessarytodosth做某事很有必要、beconvenienttodosth.方便做某事marrysb嫁给（某人）    getmarried和（某人）结婚ontime准时       intime按时wakeup 醒来 hangout闲逛invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事     invitesb.tosomewhere邀请某人去某地showup出现、出席   stayup熬夜thenumberof(…..的数量) +V三单anumberof(大量的) +V复dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事divide…..into…..把….划分成…too…to…=not…enoughto….=so…..that…I’vereceivedherinvitationtotheparty,butIdidn’tacceptit,becauseI’mbusy.