初中英语重点知识总结 45页

分享·热门分享hot·鲁鲁的分享窗体顶端搜索搜索窗体底端<<返回前一页<<上一篇下一篇>>鲁鲁分享麦田的日志初一至初三全程英语知识点总结今天18:30作者麦田初一至初三全程英语知识点总结分享首次分享者：Fruitful已被分享7次评论(0)复制链接分享转载举报初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习 初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I.\n重点短语1.Sitdown2.onduty3.inEnglish4.haveaseat5.athome6.looklike7.lookat8.havealook9.comeon10.atwork11.atschool12.puton13.lookafter14.getup15.goshoppingII.重要句型1.helpsb.dosth.2.Whatabout…?3.Let’sdosth.4.It’stimetodosth.5.It’stimefor…6.What’s…?Itis…/It’s…\n7.Whereis…?It’s….8.Howoldareyou?I’m….9.Whatclassareyouin?I’min….10.Welcometo….11.What’s…plus…?It’s….12.Ithink…13.Who’sthis?Thisis….14.Whatcanyousee？Icansee….15.Thereis(are)….16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It’s(They’re)…17.Whose…isthis?It’s….18.Whattimeisit?It’s….III.交际用语1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….2.Hello!Hi!3.Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.4.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?5.Seeyou.Seeyoulater.6.Thankyou!You’rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What’syourname?Mynameis….9.Hereyouare.Thisway,\nplease.10.Who’sondutytoday?11.Let’sdo.12.Letmesee.IV.重要语法1.动词be的用法；2.人称代词和物主代词的用法；3.名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4.冠词的基本用法；5.Therebe句型的用法。【名师讲解】1.in/on   在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：   Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有只鸟。   Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有张图。2.this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：   YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。\n   Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。   Takethesebookstohisroom,please.请把这些书拿到他房间去。   Thisismine;that’syours.这个是我的，那个是你的。   Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如：   ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是玛丽。你是谁？3.Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2)Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.\n那树上有许多苹果。总之，Therebe结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4)Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。(5)Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四个房间。4.look/see/watch(1)look表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：He’slookingatme。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“观看，注视”\n，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4.puton//inputon意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作,后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。5.house/home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;Family: “家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午请到我家来。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.\n我们全家都起得很早。6.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：   (1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身体很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一台很好的机器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她儿子是一个好学生。Theredcarisverygood.那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.\n我身体很好，谢谢。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1.动词be的用法；2.人称代词和物主代词的用法；3.名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4.冠词的基本用法；5.Therebe句型的用法。6.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；7.本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。【中考范例】1.(2004年北京市中考试题) Mary,pleaseshow________yourpicture. A.my B.mine C.I D.me【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。2.(2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) _________orangeonthedeskisforyou,Mike. A.A B.An C./ D.\nThe【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。3.(2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) ---What_______thenumberofthegirlsinyourclass? ---Abouttwenty. A.is B.am C.are D.be【解析】答案：A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。thenumber作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词be变为is。4.(2004年陕西省中考试题) There_______afootballmatchonTVthisevening. A.willhave B.isgoingtobe C.has D.isgoingtohave【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是Therebe…句型和动词have用法区别。Therebe句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。【满分演练】一.单项填空1.---Whatcolouristhebike?---It’s_______orange.A.an B.a C./ D.the2.Thatisn’therbag.It’s________. A.my B.I C.mine D.\nme3.---Oh,yourkiteisverynice. ---__________________. A.That’sright B.No,it’snotnice C.Yes,itis D.Thankyou4.Thewomanissixty,butshe_______young. A.is B.sees C.looks D.watches5.It’stime________lunch.Let’sgohome. A.to B.in C.for D.on6.---________isyourcoat? ---Theblackone. A.What B.Where C.Which D.How7.---________isthetoy? ---It’sonthebed. A.Who B.Where C.What D.Whose8.Theshoesaretooold.Put________overthere. A.it B.they C.their D.them9.Excuseme.Canyou_______mywatch,please? A.look B.looklike C.lookafter D.lookat10.Look_______theblackboardandlisten_______theteacher. A.//  B.at;to C.after;/ D.on;after11.---Whosedressisthis?\n  ---It’s_________. A.Lucy B.Lucy’s C.Jim D.Jim’s12.Thegirl______thepurplecoatishissister. A.at B.in C.on D.with13.Thereisabird______thetree. A.in B.on C.to D.of14.Therearemany________inourschool. A.womanteachers     B.womanteacher C.womenteacher      D.womenteachers15.---Isthereaballunderthedesk?  ---______________________. A.Yes,itis                  B.Yes,there’s C.No,thereisn’t              D.No,thereis16.There_______somebooksandapencilonthedesk. A.am B.is C.are D.be17.---Letmehelpyou.  ---_______________. A.You’rewelcome    B.Thanksverymuch C.Don’tworry       D.Yes,\nthanks18.______oldmanis______Englishteacher. A.The;an B.An;an C.The;the D.A;a19.---What_____fiveplussix?  ---It’seleven. A.am B.is C.are D./20.---What______youseeinthepicture?  ---Icanseesomeflowers. A.must B.can C.are D.do二.完形填空   ThisisapictureofKat’s____1____.Whatcanwe____2_____inthepicture?Look____3____it,please.Theman____4____theblackcoatisKate’sfather,Mr.Green.The____5____intheredsweaterisMrs.Green.They____6____young.ThebabyisKate.ThelittleboyisKate’s____7_____,Jim.___8____themanbehindMrs.Green?Oh,he’s____9___brother,Mr.Read.He____10____young,too.1.A.families B.family C.parents D.brothers2.A.look    B.do    C.see     D.put3.A.at      B.after   C.for     D.up4.A.on     B.of     C.in      D.\nto5.A.man    B.girl   C.women  D.woman6.A.are     B.is     C.looklike D.looking7.A.sister   B.brother C.father   D.aunt8.A.What’s  B.Where’sC.Who’s   D.Howis9.A.his     B.her    C.our     D.their10.A.looks  B.am     C.look   D.very三.在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语      (A)                       (B)1.Howareyou?             A.IaminRow6.2.Canyouspellit,please?     B.Fine,thankyou.3.Howdoyoudo?           C.Yes,b-o-o-k,book.4.Whatrowareyouin?       D.Itisten.5.What’stwopluseight?      E.Nicetomeetyou,\ntoo.6.Nicetomeetyou.          F.Iam14.7.Howoldareyou?          G.WangPingis.8.Who’snothere?           H.It’shere.9.Whereisthebag?          I.It’sabook.10.WhatisthisinEnglish?    J.Howdoyoudo?四.完成对话：在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处Jim: Excuseme,Ann.Whoseblackdogisthis?Isityours?Ann: Letmehavealook.________1_______.Ithinkit’sSam’s.Mydogisbrown.Jim: Sam,lookatthedogbehindthetree.________2__________?Sam: Sorry,itisn’tmine.Mydogisblackandwhite.IthinkitlookslikeMary’s.Jim: _____________3______________?Sam: She’smyfriend.Look!She’soverthere.Let’sgoandaskher.Jim: _______________4_______________.Sam: Hi,Mary!Isthatdogyours?Mary:_______________5_______________.Sam: It’salovelydog!Don’tlose\nit!Mary:Yes,thankyou.A.Who’sMaryB.OK,let’sgoC.Oh,noit’snotmineD.Oh,yes.It’smineE.Isityours五.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.________(He)penisin______(I)pencil-box.2.________(You)shoes________(be)underthebed.3.________(Who)newruleristhis?4.---Arethesetrousers_______(you)? ---No,theyaren’t________(we)5.It’stime________(go)andplaygames.6.Thisismypen.Pleasegiveitto________(I).7.Ihavetwo________(baby).8.Look!Thatisa________(China)car.9.Itis__________(myteacher)sweater.10.Nowher________(parent)areinAmerica.六.阅读理解                        (A)   Bobwasborninabigandrichfamily.Hisfatherisauniversityprofessor.HeteachesAmericanhistory.\nHismotherisaverycapablewoman.Sheisthemanagerofabigcompany.Sheearnsalotofmoney,ofcourse.Bobhastwosistersandabrother.Hiseldersister,Jenny,isfourteen.Shestudiesinamiddleschool.Hisyoungersister,Ann,isten.Shestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.Shehasaverygoodmemory.Sheisclever.Hisyoungerbrother,Dick,isonlysix.Hehasjuststartedgoingtoschool.Bobgetsonwellwithhisfamily.Heisongoodtermsnotonlywithhisparents,butalsowithhissistersandbrother.(haveafriendlyrelationshipwithsb.)Heis,inaword,anappleintheireyes.根据短文的内容，判断下列句子的正误：正确地答“A”，错误的答“B”。1.Bobwasborninasmallandrichfamily.2.Hehastwobrothersandasister.3.Therearefivepeopleinhisfamily.4.Dickisonlysix.Hestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.5.“Heisanappleintheireyes”means“Theylovehimverymuch”.                     \n(B)Lookattheclotheslineinthetwins'bedroom.Therearesomeclothesonit.Youcanseeagreenblouseandayellowskirt.Thetrousersontheclotheslineareblack.Theyarenotnewbutclean.AretheyLily'sclothes?No.IknowtheyareLucy's.Lily'sclothesareonaclothestreenearthewindow.Hertrousersarebrown,herblouseiswhiteandherskirtisblue.Thereisanewhatontheclothestree,butit'snotLily's,it'sLucy's.ThereisanoldhatonLucy'sbedintheroom,it'sLily's.Therearenoclothesontheotherbed,thebedisLily's.1.Whatcanyouseeinthebedroom?Icansee__________.A.aclothesline  B.atree C.abed2.WhatcolourareLucy'strousers?Theyare________.A.green B.black C.brown3.WhereisLucy'shat?It'son_________.A.theclothestree B.theclothesline C.lily'sbed4.Howmanybedsarethereintheroom?________.A.onlyone B.three C.two5.ArethereanythingsonLily'sbed?________.A.Yes,thereisahaton\nitB.No,thereisnotanythingonitC.Sorry,Idon'tknow                             (C)It'safineSundaymorning.Annandhermotherareinabigbus.Therearemanypeopleinit.SomeofthemcomefromAmerica,andsomecomefromEnglandandCanada.Theyarealltheirfriends.TheyaregoingtotheGreatWall.   TherearetwoChineseinthebus.Oneiswoman.Sheisdrivingthebus.Theotherisayoungman.HespeaksgoodEnglish.HeisnowtalkingabouttheGreatWall.Theotherpeoplearealllisteningtohim.TheyliketheGreatWall.Theywanttoseeitverymuch.1.AnnandmotheraregoingtotheGreatWall__________. A.bybike  B.bycar C.byplane  D.bybus2.Thereare__________. A.onlyoneChineseinthebus B.onlytwoChineseinthebus C.onlytwoChineseonthebike D.onlyoneChineseinthecar3.Thedriveris__________.\n A.aman B.awoman C.aCanadian D.anAmerican4.Thepeople__________. A.aresinging B.aretalking C.arelistening D.arelookingatthewall5.They__________. A.canseetheGreatWall            B.canspeakEnglishverywell. C.wanttotalkwiththemanverymuch D.wanttoseetheGreatWallverymuch初一年级（下）【知识梳理】I.重点短语1.abottleof2.alittle3.alot(of)4.allday5.befrom6.beover7.comeback8.comefrom9.doone’shomework10.dothe\nshopping11.getdown12.gethome13.getto14.getup15.goshopping16.haveadrinkof17.havealook18.havebreakfast19.havelunch20.havesupper21.listento22.not…atall23.put…away24.takeoff25.throwitlikethat26.wouldlike27.inthemiddleoftheday28.inthemorning/afternoon/evening29.onafarm30.inafactoryII.重要句型1.Letsb.do\nsth.2.Couldsb.dosth.?3.wouldlikesth.4.wouldliketodosth.5.Whataboutsomethingtoeat?6.Howdoyouspell…?7.MayIborrow…?III.交际用语1.—Thanksverymuch!—You'rewelcome.2.Putit/themaway.3.What'swrong?4.Ithinkso.Idon'tthinkso.5.Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.6.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.9.What'syourfavouritesport?10.Don'tworry.11.I’m(not)goodatbasketball.12.Doyouwantago?13.That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.14.Doyouhaveadictionary/any\ndictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.15.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon’thaveanyCDs.16.---Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?---It’sMonday.17.---MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please? ---Certainly.Hereyouare.18.---Whereareyoufrom?---FromBeijing.19.What'syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?20.---Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)---No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)21.---Whatdoesyourmotherlike?---Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.22.---Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?---Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.23.---Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?---Hegoestobedat10:00.IV.重要语法1.人称代词的用法；2.\n祈使句；3.现在进行时的构成和用法；4．动词have的用法；5．一般现在时构成和用法；6．可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法【名师讲解】1. That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That’sright意为“对的”，表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为，肯定对方的答案或判断。例如："Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。""That'sright."或"You'reright.""说得对"。That’sallright.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”，用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如："Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意为“行了”、“可以”，表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit.""请把此事告诉我。""Allright.""好吧。"Isyourmotherallright?你妈身体好吗2.make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”\n，但含义却不同，不能混用。make指做东西或制东西，do指做一件具体的事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能为我做个纸船吗？He’sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作业。3.say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口语化的最普通的一个词，意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说的话。如： “Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语说。speak:“说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词(即后面不能直接接宾语)。如：Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能说说他的情况？Idon’tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜欢这样说话。speak作及物动词解时，只能和某种语言等连用，表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英语说得好。talk:与speak意义相近，也着重说话的动作，而不着重所说的话，因此，一般也只用作不及物动词，不过，talk暗示话是对某人说的，有较强的对话意味，着重指连续地和别人谈话。如：Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.\n我想跟他谈那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。tell:“告诉”，除较少情况外，一般后面总接双宾语。如：He’stellingmeastory.他在给我讲故事。tellalie撒谎tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.4.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做饭”解，属泛指。dothecooking特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词，不能用作复数，但前面可用some,much修饰。从dosomecooking可引出许多类似的短语：dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping买些东西dosomereading读书dosomewriting写些东西dosomefishing钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另一类短语，不能用some,much或定冠词。goshopping去买东西gofishing去钓鱼goboating\n去划船goswimming去游泳5.likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.与liketodosth.意思相同，但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性；后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如：Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他喜欢踢足球，但是他不喜欢和李明踢。6.other/others/theother/anotherother表其余的，别的， Haveyouanyotherquestions?你还有其他问题吗?others别的人，别的东西 IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人。theother表另一个（二者之中）one…，theother…OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,　theotherstudiesChinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。another表三者以上的另一个，另一些Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksonthe\nshelf.书架上还可以放点书。7.inthetree/onthetreeinthetree与onthetree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。inthetree表示某人、某事（不属于树本身生长出的别的东西）落在树上，表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时，要使用onthetree.如： Therearesomeapplesonthetree.那棵树上有些苹果。 Thereisabirdinthetree.那棵树上有只鸟。8.some/any(1)some和any既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如：Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中，或在表示请求，邀请的疑问句中，我们依然用some。如：Wouldyoulikesometea?9.tall/high(1)说人，动物，树木等有生命的东西，主要用tall，不用high，例如\n   atallwoman一个高个子妇女   atallhorse一个高大的马(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上时，飞机飞上天时，例如：Heishighupinthetree.他高高地爬在树上。Theplaneissohighinthesky.飞机在空中这么高。(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以，不过high的程度比tall高。(4)high可作副词，tall不能。(5)tall的反义词为short,high的反义词为low.10.can/could(1)can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力"。例如： Canyourideabike？你会骑自行车吗？ WhatcanIdoforyou？要帮忙吗？ Canyoumakeacake？你会做蛋糕吗？(2)can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如：Wherecanhebe？他会在什么地方呢？Canthenewsbetrue？这个消息会是真的吗？Itsurelycan'tbesixo'clock\nalready？不可能已经六点钟了吧？Youcan'tbehungrysosoon，Tom，you'vejusthadlunch.汤姆，你不可能饿得这么快，你刚吃过午饭。Whatcanhemean？他会是什么意思？在日常会话中，can可代替may表示"允许"，may比较正式。例如：Youcancomeinanytime.你随时都可以来。---CanIuseyourpen？我能用你的钢笔吗？---Ofcourse，youcan.当然可以。Youcanhavemyseat，I'mgoingnow.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。(3)couldcould是can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性（在否定和疑问句中）。例如：   Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.（能力）医生说他能帮助他。   Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.（能力）   当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.（可能性）那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。   \ncould可代替can表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转。例如：CouldIspeaktoJohn，please？我能和约翰说话吗？   Couldyou？在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如：Couldyouwaithalfanhour？请你等半个小时好吗？Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix？六点钟请你再打电话好吗？(4)can的形式只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态，有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态（包括将来时）须用beableto加动词不定式来表示。例如：  TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.  他们没有能到北京来。11.lookfor/findlookfor意为“寻找”，而find意为“找到，发现”，前者强调“找”这一动作，并不注重“找”的结果，而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如：Shecan’tfindherruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch，buthecan’tfindit.汤姆正在寻找他的手表，但没能找到。12.besleeping/beasleepbesleeping表示动作，意思是“正在睡觉”；beasleep表示状态，意思是“睡着了”\n。如：---Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子们在房间里做什么？---Theyaresleeping.他们正在睡觉。Thechildrenareasleepnow.现在孩子们睡着了。13.often/usually/sometimesoften表示"经常"，sometimes表示"有时候"，在表示发生频率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性，一般性的动作或情况，常与一般现在时连用，常位于主要谓语动词的前面，其他谓语动词（be动词，情态动词和助动词）的后面，有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气，则放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我们通常放学后打篮球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有时，我睡觉很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他经常在早晨读英语。14.Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用来询问某一商品的价格，常见句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt? 这条裙子多少钱？Howmucharethebananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？howmuch后加不可数名词，表示数量，意为“多少“，how\nmany后加可数名词的复数形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant? 你要多少肉呀？Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass? 你们班有多少人？15.begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表示"对……有好处"，而bebadfor表示"对……有害"；begoodto表示"对……友好"，而bebadto表示"对……不好"；begoodat表示"擅长，在……方面做得好"，而bebadat表示"在……方面做得不好"。   Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。   Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多对你的身体有害。   MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。   Thebossisbadtohisworkers.这个老板对他的工人不好。   LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅长画画，但是我不擅长。16.each/everyeach和every都有"每一个"的意思，但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼，every从整体着眼。each\n可用于两者或两者以上，every只用于三者或三者以上。   Weeachhaveanewbook.  我们每人各有一本新书。  Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.  街的两旁有树。  Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.  每天早晨他都起得早。each可以用作形容词、副词和代词；every只能用作形容词。Eachofthemhashisownduty.他们各人有各人的义务。Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.他们每个人都想做不同的事情。17.一般现在时/现在进行时一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力，还有自然现象；而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作（构成方式为am/is/are/+doing）。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作业。I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我现在正在做作业。现在进行时常与now,thesedays,atthemoment或Look,listen等词连用；而一般现在时常与often,\nalways,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等连用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我们经常放学后打扫教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看！他们正在打扫教室呢。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1．动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法，人称代词的用法，可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法。2．本册书中常见的交际用语3．本册书中一些重点的词组和短语考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。【中考范例】1.（2004年安徽省中考试题） ---Hurryup!We’reallwaitingforyou. ---I________foranimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme. A.wait B.waswaiting C.amwaiting D.waited \n【解析】答案：C。表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。2.(2004年长春市中考试题) Couldyouhelp____with_______English,please?A.I,my B.me,me C.me,my D.my,I 【解析】答案：C。第一个空作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格me,第二个空作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my。3.(2004年长春市中考试题)Dr.Whitecan_______Frenchverywell.A.speak B.talk C.say D.tell 【解析】答案：A。说什麽语言常用动词speak。4.（2004年黄冈中考试题）Englishisspokenby______people.A.alot B.muchmany C.alargenumberof D.agreatdealof【解析】答案：C。只有alargenumberof能用来修饰复数可数名词people。【满分演练】一.单项选择1.Thereissome______ontheplate. A.cakes B.meat C.potato D.pears2.UncleWangwants______themachinelikeabike. A.ride B.riding C.rides D.toride3.Tomusuallygoestobed________teno'clockinthe\nevening. A.at B.in C.on D.of4.______picturebooksinclass,please. A.Notread B.Noread C.Notreading D.Don'tread5.Theboxistooheavy.Let________helpyoutocarryit. A.we B.us C.ours D.our6.Hurryup,______we'llbelateforthemeeting. A.and B.but C.then D.or7.Peopleusually______"hello"toeachotherwhentheymakeaphonecall. A.say B.speak C.tell D.talk8.Look!She________akiteforherson. A.makes B.ismaking C.make D.making9.Theseshoesareyours.Please________. A.putonthem B.putonit C.putthemon D.putiton10.Sheoftengets______verylate. A.home B.athome C.tohome D.inhome11.Ithinktheshopisclosed________thistimeofday.\n A.in B.on C.at D.for12.Iwant______ofmeat,please. A.halfkilo  B.ahalfkilo C.halfakilo D.akilohalf13.---Isthisblackruler________?  ---No.It's________. A.yours,his B.your,his C.yours,him D.you,he14.________bookonthedeskisauseful（重要的）one. A.A B.An C.The D./15.Grandmaisill.Wehavetotakehertothe________. A.farm B.postoffice C.hotel D.hospital16.LiuMeioftenhelpshermother________housework. A.does B.do C.doing D.todoing17.Wewatcheveningnewson________at7:00intheevening. A.CCTV B.CAAC C.WTO D.MTV18.There________aboxofapplesonthedesk. A.are B.is C.has D.have19.Wouldyoulike________withme? A.go B.togo C.going D.\ngoes20.Sometimeshisbrother________TVaftersupper. A.watch  B.sees  C.watches  D.iswatching二.填空A.根据句义和首字母写出所缺的单词1.Kate'sglassisempty.Shewantsaf______one.2.Ithinkmyfathercanhelpyoum______yourbrokenbike.3.Ihavetwopencils.Oneisshort,theotherisl______.4.Pleaseopenthew______.It'sgettinghothere.5.Somethingisw______withmybike.MayIborrowyours?B.根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.Therearesome________there,talkingloudly.(woman)2.Thisblouseisn'thers.It's________.(my)3.Thepeopleonthefarmarevery________.(friend)4.Doyouknow________?(he)5.Tom'sunclecandrivecars.Heisagood________.(drive)C.选词并用其适当形式填空work,close,look,have,teacher,pen,eat,China,play,climb\n1.Thisisour________desk.Oursareoverthere.2.Billhasthree________.Oneisnewandtheothertwoareold.3.Hisuncle________veryyoungbutheisoverforty.4.Let's________basketballafterclass.5.Look!Thecatsare________upthetrees.6.Theshopisn'topen.It's________.7.Mybrother________somenewpicturebooks.8.Inourclassroomthereisalargemapof________.9.Mum,pleasegivemesomethingto________.I'mveryhungry.10.DoesMrGreenlike________inthisChineseschool?三.根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话A.Pleasegiveitbacksoon.B.It'soverthereC.Certainly.Whendoyouwantit?D.Thankyouverymuch.E.Blackandred,andit'snotverynew.A:Excuseme,LinTao!B:Yes?A:Mybikeisbroken.CanIborrowyours?B:__1____.\nA:Thisafternoon.B:OK.Here'sthekey.A:____2__.Butwhereisit?B:__3____.A:Whatcolourisit?B:__4____.A:Isee.IthinkIcanfindit.B:___5___.A:Allright.Seeyou!四.完型填空   Thesedaysmenandwomen,youngandoldare___1_____thesamekindof___2____,andalotof___3_____havelonghair（头发）.Weoftencan't___4_____whethertheyareboysorgirls,menorwomen.   ___5_____oldmanoftengoestowalkinthepark.Heissittingonachairnow.Ayoungpersonis___6________7_____him.   "Oh,goodness!"theoldmansaystotheotherone."Doyou___8_____thatpersonwithlonghair?Isitaboyoragirl?"   "Aboy,"saystheotherone."Heismyson.""Oh,"saystheoldman,"Please____9____me.Idon'tknow\nyouarehis____10____.""I'mnothismother,I'mhisfather,"saystheotherone.1.A.having   B.wearing C.putting  D.buying2.A.clothes  B.trees   C.pictures D.Bags3.A.we       B.your    C.them     D.Theirs4.A.talk     B.teach   C.say      Dtell5.A.An       B.A       C.The      D./6.A.running  B.flying  C.standing D.driving7.A.on       B.beside  C.in       D.At8.A.see      B.watch   C.look     D.Read9.A.help   B.excuse C.teach  D.Ask10.A.baby B.sister   C.father D.Mother五.阅读理解(A)MrLiteachesChineseintheUSA.HecomesbacktoChina\neveryyear.Hegivesusatalk.Hesays,"KDayintheUSAisveryinteresting.Allchildrenlikeitverymuch.ItisonMarch7th.Whenyougooutonthatday,youcanseechildrenrunningwithkitesintheopenair(露天).Whenyoulookup,youcanseedifferentkitesinthesky（天空）.Somearebig,andsomearesmall.Theyareindifferentcolours.Everykitehasalongstring(长线).Thechildrenbegintorunwhentheygetthekitesup.Everychildhasagoodtimethatday.1.MrLiis_______________.HeworksintheUSA. A.aworker B.anEnglishteacher C.adoctor D.aChineseteacher2.MrLisayssomethingabout_______________. A.howtostudyEnglish B.KDayintheUSA C.hisworkintheUSA D.playingintheopenair3.March7this_________________. A.Children'sDay B.Teachers'Day C.KDay D.TreeplantingDay(植树节)4.Everykitehas_____________________. A.ashortstring B.alongstring C.thesamecolour D.thesamesize(大小)5.Thereare_______________kitesintheskyonthat\nday. A.allkindsof B.onekindof C.threekindsof D.three(B)Paula Monday Tuesday Wednesday    Thursday FridayGetup 7:10a.m. 7:10a.m. 7:10a.m. 7:10a.m. 7:10a.m.morning school school school school schoollunch pizza rice rice rice riceafternoon Yo-yo Table-tennis Table-tennis Table-tennis footballevening homework homework television homework clothesGotosleep 10:15p.m. 10:15p.m. 10:15p.m. 10:15p.m. 10:15p.m.根据表格内容选择最佳答案。6.On_______________,Paulausuallygetsupat7:10am.A.Thursdays B.Wednesdays C.weekdays D.weekends7.Pizzaisakindof\n_________________.A.drink B.fruit C.toy D.food8.Paula'sfavouritesportis_________________.A.volleyball B.table-tennis C.yo-yo D.football9.OnWednesdayeveningsPaulausually___________________.A.watchesTV       B.doesherhomeworkC.washesherclothes  D.goestoseeherfriends10.Whichiswrong?A.PaulagoestoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.B.Paulagoestobedafterteno'clock.C.Paulahassportsintheafternoon.D.PaulausuallyhasPizzaforlunch.六.根据中文提示和英文词语提示，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英文文段：（所有英文提示语必须用上。这位老人来自悉尼。他很热爱中国。他现在在北京教英语。他喜欢在北京工作。1.this,man,come,Sydney2.he,China,verymuch3.now,teach,inBeijing4.he,say,Beijing,big,beautiful,like,work,her