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初中英语复合句复习学案复习目标:1TheObjectClause(宾语从句)、TheAdverbialClause(状语从句)和TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)。2能灵活运用各个复合句。【课内探究】Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)A 1.that的省略:that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,that本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g.I’mafraid_______you’llhavetowait.2.宾语从句的否定转移:主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时,从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。误:Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正:此外,上述情况在变成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句要看从句,如果主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较:Ithinkheiswrong,_________?Hethinksheisright,_______?B)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词,意为“是否”,在一般情况下可以互换。if多用于口语和非正式文体中,whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如Sheaskedme________IcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Note:只用whether的六种情况:1. 在带to的动词不定式前2. 在介词后3.直接与ornot连用时4. 在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中5. 宾语从句提前时只能用whether6 引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用whether用if或whether填空Hedoesn’tknow______togotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.I’mthinkingof______weshouldgofishing.Idon’tknow_______ornottheywillcometohelpus.Wediscussed______wouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.________thisistrueornot,Ican’tsay._______heisrightorwrongisaquestion.C)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs(连接代词和连接副词)难点:1误:Doyouknowhowoldisshe?正:\n2误:Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.正:转换: 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可用疑问代词和疑问副词+动词不定式替代,进行句型上的转换。CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=宾语从句中考题练兵一、单项选择( )1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime, ______ ?(2011重庆)A.won’the B.willhe C.doeshe D.ishe( )2.Willyoupleasetellme _________ ?(2012上海)A.wherePudongAirportis B.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirport D.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt( )3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeople ______ inEngland.(2011常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegot B.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslike D.howoldareyou( )4.Iwonderifhe_______ tonight.Ifhe _____ ,I’llletyouknow.(2012扬州)A.willcome;willcome B.comes;comesC.willcome;comes D.comes;willcome()5.—WhatdidyourPEteachersayaboutyourhighjumpatthesportsmeeting?—HesaidthatI_____better.A.candoB.amC.willdoD.coulddo二、按要求改写句子1. “Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(改为复合句,句意不变)Tom’smotheraskedhim _________________ totrysomethingnew.2Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改写句子,句意不变)(2011青岛)Couldyoutellme _____________________ tothestation?3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改为复合句,句意不变)(2012天津) Johntoldmethat ______________ homework.4Idon’thowIcanreachthezoo.(改为简单句)(2011宿迁) Idon’tknow ___________ thezoo.5“Doeslighttravelfasterthansound?”Tomasked.(改为复合句)Tomasked______________________________.Ⅱ.TheAdverbialClause(状语从句)状语从句是副词性从句,其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等,在句中作状语,通常由从属连词引导。A)TheAdverbialClauseofTime(时间状语从句)Note:在时间状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态应按下列规律确定。1)\n主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时:2)主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时:3)主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时:4)主句为一般过去时,从句也用过去时态:B) TheAdverbialClauseofCondition(条件状语从句)1)条件状语从句通常由if或unless(=ifnot)引导,从句中常用一般时代替将来时,即if或unless后的句子谓语用一般现在时或一般过去时。但是,主句则通常用将来时,情态动词或祈使句。2)If条件句的替代形式: (1)祈使句+and/or+陈述句(谓语动词通常用将来时态)。其中,and表示句意顺承;or表示转折,意为“否则”。e.g.Ifyouworkhard,you’llpasstheexameasily.=_______________________________(2)用介词with,without的替代形式: e.g.Ifthereisnowater,thefishmaydie.=_____________________________________.状语从句中考题练兵:一、单项选择( )1.Somebodyrangmeupjustnow,buthehungup _______ Icouldanswerthephone.(无锡2011) A.when B.until C.before D.since( )2.MrSmithusuallyreadsanewspaper _______ he’swaitingforthebus.(2012徐州)A.if B.the C.because D.while( )3.Youmustleaveherenow ______ yourmothercangetsomemorerest.(2011常州) A.because B.though C.sothat D.so( )4.Themeetingis _________ importantthatyoumustn’tmissit.(2011盐城)A.very B.such C.so D.too( )5.–I’mgoingtothesupermarket. -- ________ youarethere,wouldyoupleasebuymesomevegetables?(2012镇江)A.If B.Because C.While D.After二、同义句改写1. Whereverheis,hecanmakehimselfathome.(2011广州) ________________ heis,hecanmakehimselfathome.2MissSmithlefthereaftertherainstopped.(2012淮安)MissSmith ________ leavehere _________ therainstopped.3Tomwastoohappytogettosleep.(2009大连)Tomwas _______ happy ________ hecouldn’t ________ .4Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillbelate.(2011南京)___________,oryou___________.5Getoffthebuswhenthedrivertellsyou.(2012宁夏)Don’tgetoffthebus ___________ you ___________________. .\nⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)引导定语从句的关系代词that和which,在一般情况下,尽管可以互换使用,但在下列情况下,只能用that,而不用which:1.先行词是复合不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时。2.先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。5.先行词是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时6.先行词既包含人又包含物时。7.主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。只能用which不能用that的情况:1.在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系词which,不能使用关系词that2.在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能使用关系词which,不能使用that定语从句中考题练兵:一、单项选择( )1.Thenumberofpeople _______ losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000. A.which B.who C.whom D./( )2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart ________ Ihave _________ visited. A.which;ever B.that;never C.which;yet D.that;ever( )3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything________ ismissing. A.that B.which C.what D./( )4.We’retalkingaboutTonny, ___________ youmetyesterday. A.withwho B.whom C.which D.that( )5.Isthistheverymuseum ________ someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday? A.one B.where C.that D.which( )6.Thebook ________ coverisredisTom’s. A.which B.that C./ D.whose( )7Isthatthenovelabout ______ theytalkedinclassyesterday? A.which B.that C.who D./【收获平台】________________________________________________________________。【巩固检测】一、单项选择()1.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe______home.(2010北京)\nA.gets B.hasgot C.got D.willget()2.—I’mleavingnow. —______youturnoffthelights.(2010浙江杭州) A.Tomakesure B.Makesure C.Madesure D.Makingsure、()3.---ShallItellBobthenews?---No,you_____.I’vetoldhimalready.A.shouldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t()4.Wewon’tstartthemeeting___ourteacherarrives.(2010天津)A.though B.until C.while D.or()5.Hewantedtoknow_______theEnglishparty.(2010天津) A.whenwillwehave B.whenwewillhave C.whenwouldwehave D.whenweshouldhave()6.Jamieisayoungcook____wantstoimproveschooldinners.A.who B.whose C.whom D.which()7.Wewillhavenowatertodrink____wedon’tprotecttheearth.A.until B.before Cthough D.if()8.Iwanttoknow________.(2010上海) A.whenweshouldarriveattheairport B.whenshouldwearriveattheairport C.whentheairportweshouldarriveat D.whentheairportshouldwearriveat()9.---Anothercupofcoffee?---No,thanks.I____beoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.canB.mayC.mustD,might()10.--David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme____?—Heisadoctor.(2010重庆)A.Whoishe B.whoheis C.whatishe D.whatheis二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Idon’tthinkthewatchwill_____(mend)wellin2days.2.Shesaidthatthesun_____(be)brighterthanthemoon.3.IwilltakebackwhatI_____(say).4.Iwantedtoknowifhe_____(can)mendthecar.5.Tomtoldhisbossthathe_____(finish)theworkwellifhe_____(give)anotherchance.【课后提升】一、把下列句子变成反意疑问句。1. I’mastallasyoursister,_________________?\n2.Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,_______________?3.TheSwedemadenoanswer,________________?4.Someplantsneverblown,_______________?5.Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,______________?二、完型填空Somepeoplebelievethatdreamscantellthemwhatwillhappeninthefuture. 1 knowswhythisisso,buttherearemanystoriesaboutpeoplewhohaddreamsthatcametrue.Oneofthesepeoplewasaman 2 JohnChapman,wholivedinSwaffhaminEnglandmanyyearsago. JohnChapmandreamtthathewasstandingonLondonBridgeandamantoldhimhowtobecomerich.JohnChapmanwasapoormanandheneeded 3 ,sothenextdayhedecidedtoleaveforLondon.Itwas100milesfromSwaffhamtoLondon.Hewalkedforafewdaysandatlasthe 4 LondonBridge.Thereweremanypeopleonthebridge,buttheyweren’t 5 inJohnChapman.Noone 6 him.Afterthreedays,JohnChapmandecidedtogohome, 7 beforehecoulddothis,ashopkeepercameuptohim. “I’vebeenwatchingyou,”hesaid.“Areyou 8 someone?” “Yes,”saidJohn.“Ihadadreamaboutamanhere.Hewouldhelpmetogetmuchmoney.” “Oh,”saidtheshopkeeper.“Youshouldn’tbelieveindreams. 9 Ibelieveindreams,I’dbeinSwaffhamrightnow.IhadadreamafewdaysagoaboutamancalledJohnChapmanfromSwaffham.Hehad 10 inhisgarden,nearanoldappletree.” JohnChapmanwas 11 bywhattheshopkeepersaid.Atoncehewenthomeanddugnearanoldappletree.Hesoonfoundmanypiecesofgold.Hewassohappy 12 hegavesomeofthegoldtohischurch.Fortherestofhislife,hewasarichman.1.A.Nobody B.Anybody C.Somebody D.Everybody 2.A.call B.tocall C.calling D.called3.A.dream B.future C.money D.apple 4.A.reached B.arrived C.got D.went5.A.interest B.interests C.interesting D.interested 6.A.listenedto B.talkedto C.saidto D.neededto 7.A.as B.and C.but D.or 8.A.waitingforB.askingfor C.caringfor D.lookingfor 9.A.When B.Where C.If D.How 10.A.money B.apple C.tree D.gold 11.A.angry B.surprised C.happy D.amazed 12.A.which B.that C.until D.unless