初中英语时态讲与练 35页

初中英语时态汇总一般现在时【定义】一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生活中的衣食住行等活动。【用法】(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month,onceaweek,onSundays……例句：HeusuallyplaysfootballonSundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：A．be型  这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如：  ①Iamastudent.(主语+be动词+名词)  ②Theyarehungry.（主语+be动词+形容词）  ③Heisout.(主语+be动词+副词)  ④Thatpenismine.(主语+be动词+代词)  ⑤Iamfifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)  ⑥Thebikeisunderthetree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)B．do型  do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如：  ①Iknowit.  ②Hebelievesme.C．therebe型  therebe型句子表示“某地存在…”，其构成为“therebe+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用thereis；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用thereare。如：  （1）Thereisaneraserontheteacher'sdesk.(主语aneraser是单数)  （2）Thereisanorange，fiveapplesandeightbananasinthebag.(并列主语中的第一个主语anorange是单数)35\nD．情态动词型  情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如：  ①HecanspeakalittleEnglish.(can+speak)  ②MayIhaveabook,please?(may+have)【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）一般现在时中的be动词有四中形式:amisarebe其中：am用于一人称主语I之后，构成Iam…句型。is用于三人称单数主语she,he,it或单个的人和物之后，构成She/He/Itis…句型。are用于二人称you或复数主语we,they之后，构成You/We/Theyare…句型。be为该动词的原形，用于情态动词can,may,must…之后或用于祈使句中。如：Becareful!当心！1.Jim__________(be)ahard-workingstudentatschool.2.__________(be)TomandSaminthesameclass?3.Yourschoollife__________(be)veryinteresting.4.There__________(be)apen,tworulersandsomebooksonthedesk.5.Theboys__________(be)veryfriendlytome.6.Maria__________(benot)fromtheU.S.A.7.__________(be)thereanytreesandapoolintheyard?8.Iwantto__________(be)ateacher.9.Mr.Wangcan’t__________(be)athome,becausethelightsareoff.10.Don’t__________(be)lateforschoolagain.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。（情态动词）35\n情态动词有can“能够，可以”may“可以”must必须+动词原形（不需变化）should应该1.Mymomcan__________(cook)foodwell.2.Mustshe__________(stay)athomenow?3.Whatcantheboy__________(do)forhisparents?4.Tomcan’t__________(sing)anEnglishsong.5.Hemay__________(perform)balletatKangkang’sbirthdayparty.6.Sheshould__________(help)herparentsdosomehousework.一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（实义动词）主语（一，二人称或三人称复数）+动词原形主语（三人称单数）+动词三人称单数形式（动词s/es）否定句中（don’t,doesn’t）+动词原形疑问句中（Do,Does+主语）+动词原形1.Tomoften__________(take)atalkaftersupper.2.TomandIusually__________(go)toschoolbybike.3.DoesLinTao__________(like)readingstorybooks?4.Whatclassesdoyou__________(have)today?5.Howoftendoesthegirl__________(watch)TV?6.Wheredothey__________(live)now?7.Everyyearmanypeople__________(lose)theirlivesintrafficaccidents.8.Samdoesn’t__________(get)upearlyinthemorning.9.Eachofthem__________(have)aniceschoolbag.10.Theyeach__________(sleep)lateatnight.二、句型转换。（Be动词）35\n否定句：直接在be动词之后加not。疑问句：将be动词提到主语之前。1.Sheisinabluedress.（变否定句）She____________________abluedress.2.IamfromQijiang.（变一般疑问句）____________________fromQijiang?3.Arethestorybooksveryinteresting?（否定回答）No,____________________.4.Hisparentsarebothworkers.（变一般疑问句）__________hisparents__________workers?5.Therearesomenicebooksontheshelf.（对划线部分提问）____________________ontheshelf?一、句型转换。（情态动词）否定句：直接在情态动词之后加not。疑问句：将情态动词提到主语之前。1.MymothermayspeakalittleEnglish.（变否定句）Mymother____________________speakalittleEnglish.2.Weshouldbecarefulwhenwecrossthestreet.（变一般疑问句）____________________becarefulwhenwecrossthestreet?3.MustIfinishmyhomeworkatonce?（作肯定和否定回答）Yes,____________________.No,____________________.4.TomcanreciteaChinesepoem.（对划线部分提问）What__________Tom__________?二、句型转换。（实义动词）否定句：三人称单数主语+doesn’t+还原动词其他主语+don’t+动词35\n疑问句：Does+三人称单数主语+还原动词？Do+其他主语+动词？1.Theyoftenplaythepianoloudly.（变否定句）They__________often__________thepianolouldy.2.JimlearnsEnglishwell.（变一般疑问）__________Jim__________Englishwell?3.ShelikesSichuanfoodverymuch.（对划线部分提问）What__________she__________verymuch?4.Dotheboysusuallyplayfootballafterschool?（作肯定回答）Yes,____________________.5.Sheusuallydoessomecookingintheevening.（变否定句）Sheusually____________________anycookingintheevening.6.Iwanttodosomeshopping.（变一般疑问句）__________you__________todoanyshopping?7.TomoftenwathesTVatnight.（对划线部分提问）What__________Tomoften__________atnight?8.Theysometimesgoswimmingintheafternoon.（对划线部分提问）What__________theysometimes__________intheevening?一般过去时【定义】一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。【时间标志性词】yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday,in2010,(threedays)ago,last(night,month,year,weekend),justnow,另一般过去时也表示经常或反复发生的动作，常和often,always等表示频率的时间状语连用。例如：Ialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年我通常走路去上学。【用法】35\nA．be型  这一类型由be动词（was和were）+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如：  ①Iwasastudenttenyearsago.(主语+be动词+名词)  ②Theywerehungryjustnow.（主语+be动词+形容词）  ③Thebikewasunderthetreeyesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语)④ItwasrainylastSunday.⑤TheywereveryhappyatKangkang’sbirthdayparty.B．did型did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语，表示以前做过的某事，其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如：  ①IknewhimwhenIwasyoung.  ②Hebelievedmeatthattime.C．therebe（was/were）型  therebe型句子表示“某地曾经存在…”，其构成为“therebe（was/were）+主语+其他”。用法遵循“就近原则”，D．情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如：  ①HecouldspeakalittleEnglishlastyear.(could+speak)  ②Whatcouldshedowhenhewasten.【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）一般过去时中的be动词有两种形式:was和were其中：was用于单数主语之后，构成I/she/he/Itwas…句型。were用于复数主语和二人称you之后，构成You/We/Theywere…句型。1.I__________(be)alittlegirlatthattime.2.When__________(be)youborn?3.Maria__________(be)borninCuba.35\n4.Theweatheryesterday__________(be)verycold.5.They__________(be)veryhappyatKangkang’sbirthdaypartyyesterday.6.What__________(be)thedatethedaybeforeyesterday?7.__________(be)youathomeamomentago?8.Where__________(be)yourparentslastSaturday?9.Mymother__________(benot)inChongqinglastmonth.10.How__________(be)theweatherthismorning?一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（情态动词）情态动词can的过去式为could，无人称变化。1.Jane__________(can)speakChinesewellwhenshewasonlyfive.2.__________(can)theydancethediscolastyear?3.I__________(cannot)sleepwelllastnight.4.What__________(can)youdojustnow?二、用所给词的适当形式填空。（实义动词）首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。然后判断该动词是属于规则动词还是不规则动词。规则动词直接加ed，不规则动词则需强化记忆。1.I__________(like)readingbooksbefore.ButnowIdon’t.2.She__________(watch)TVlateyesterdayevening.3.We__________(clean)upourclassroomamomentago.4.__________they__________(have)anybreadthismorning?5.What__________you__________(do)thedaybeforeyesterday?6.Tom__________(go)tovisittheGreatWalllastyear.7.Mr.Wang__________(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.8.__________LinTaohaveagoodtimeatthepartylastSunday?9.We__________(notporform)balletyesterday.We__________(recite)apoem.10.Thewindyesterday__________(blow)strongly.三、句型转换。（Be动词）35\n否定句：直接在was/were后加not。疑问句：将was/were提到主语之前。1.Iwasborninasmalltown.（变为一般疑问句）__________you__________inasmalltown?2.Samwasalittleboyatthattime.（变为否定句）Sam____________________littleboyatthattime.3.Hisfriendswereinthelibraryjustnow.（对划线部分提问）____________________hisfriendsjustnow?4.Weretheyveryhappyyesterday?（作否定回答）No,____________________.5.WasyourbrotherborninChongqing?（作肯定回答）Yes,____________________.一、句型转换。（情态动词）肯定句：直接在could后加not.疑问句：将could提到主语之前。1.IcouldsingEnglishsongswhenIwasfive.（变一般疑问句）__________you__________Englishsongswhenyouwerefive?2.Theboycouldrideabikelastyear.（变否定句）Theboy____________________abikelastyear.3.Theycouldplayagameyesterday.（对划线部分提问）What__________they__________yesterday?4.CouldyourfriendscookfoodlastSunday?（作肯定回答）Yes,____________________.二、句型转换。（实义动词）否定句：didn’t+还原动词疑问句：Did+主语+还原动词1.IwenttoSichuanwithmyfriendsduringsummerholidays.（变否定句）I____________________toSichuanwithmyfriendsduringsummerholidays.35\n2.SherecitedapoematKangkang’sbirthdayparty.（变一般疑问句）__________she__________apoematKangkang’sbirthdayparty?3.Theydidtheirhomeworkhalfanhourago.（变否定句）They____________________theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.4.Tomsangasongbeautifullyyesterday.（对划线部分提问）What__________Tom__________yesteray?5.Jimtookmanypicturesinwinterholidays.（变一般疑问句）__________Jim__________manypicturesinwinterholidays?6.Didthekidhurthimselfjustnow?（做否定回答）No,____________________.7.Theyknewthegirlinbluewell?（对划线部分提问）Who__________they__________well?8.Iforgottoclosethedooryesterdayevening.（对划线部分提问）What__________you__________todoyesterdayevening?现在（正在）进行时【定义】现在（正在）进行时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情。如：Theyaresinginganddancinghappilynow.他们正在高兴地唱歌跳舞。Sheisshowingherfriendaroundthecity.她正在带一位朋友游览城市。【结构】主语+be（am/is/are）+动词的-ing形式。肯定句形式：I+am动词ing.如：Iamreading(read)aninterestingstorybooknow.She/He/It+is动词ing.如：Tomisreading(read)aninterestingstorybooknow.We/You/They+are动词ing.如：Theyarereading(read)aninterestingstorybooknow.否定句形式：35\n直接在be（am,is,are）之后加not，其余照抄。如:Iamnotreading(notread)aninterestingstorybooknow.Tomisn’treading(notread)aninterestingstorybooknow.Theyaren’treading(notread)aninterestingstorybooknow.一般疑问句：直接将be（am,is,are）提到主语之前，其余照抄。如：IsTomreading(read)aninterestingstorybooknow?Aretheyreading(read)aninterestingstorybooknow?特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what,where,who,when,which,whose,how,howmany,howmuch,whatshape,whatcolour,what…doing,where…going,what…do）,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式（即将be动词提到主语之前，其余的不变）。如：WhattimeisTomreading(read)aninterestingstorybook?Wherearetheytaking(take)pictures?现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总：现在（正在）进行时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用：①now“现在”如:Jimisplayingsoccernow.②Look!Listen!“看啊！听啊！”如：Look!Mr.Leeisworkingonthecomputer.Listen!Thebirdsaresinginthetree.③rightnow=atthemoment“此刻”如：Themonkeysareclimbingupthetreesatthemomnet.④Whereis…?问题的回答，暗指说话的时候。如：—Whereisyourmom,Tom?—Oh,sheiscookinginthekitchen.⑤前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Myparents____________（watch）TVnow.35\n2.Look.Threeboys___________（run）.3.What_______yourmother___________（do）now?4._______yourdog___________now?（sleep）5._______you___________（listen）tomusic?Yes,Iam.6.Look,MissChen___________football.（play）7.Tomandhissister___________（wait）foryouoverthere.8.NowClass3andClass4___________（have）atest.9.Listen,someone___________（sing）intheclassroom.10.——WhereisZhangYan?——She___________（talk）withherteacherintheteacher’soffice.11.Theboy________________________(draw)apicturenow.12.Listen.Somegirls______________________(sing)intheclassroom.13.Mymother__________________(cut)somebreadnow.14.What_________you__________(do)now?15.Look.They__________________(have)anEnglishlesson.16.They___________________(not,play)basketballnow.17.Look!thegirls_______________________(dance)intheclassroom.18.Whatisourgrandmotherdoing?She_______________(watch)TV.19.It’s5o’clocknow.We____________________(have)suppernow20.Thecats(run)inthegardennow.一、句型转换。1.Look!Lilyisdancing.（改为一般疑问句）________________________________________________2.Kateislookingforherwatch.（改为否定句）________________________________________________3.MrsWhiteiswatchingTV.（对划线部分提问）________________________________________________4.Iamdoinghomework.（改为否定句）35\n________________________________________________5.Theyarewaitingforyouatthelibrary.（就划线部分提问）__________________________________________________一、根据中文提示完成句子：1.小花不是在写作业，她在画画。XiaoHua_____________________homework.She__________________pictures.2.今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。MissLi__________________areddresstoday.3.你爷爷在看报纸吗？_________yourgrandpa_________thenewspaper?4.Tom和Jim在做什么？__________________TomandJim_________?5.他们是在打篮球还是在打排球？_________they________basketball_________volleyball?一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时综合练习一、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式buy______________fly____________plant_____________study_____________drink___________play____________go_____________make_____________do_____________dance____________worry_____________ask______________taste___________eat___________read________put________________let____________run______________keep____________have  ______________find___________get__________eat____________ring_______________write____________sleep______________give____________stop _____________二.用正确的动词形式填空35\n1.Thechildrenare___________(run)therenow.2.-I________upathalfpastsixthismorning.(get)-Myfatheralways__________(come)backfromworkverylate.3.Mymother____________alotoffruityesterdayafternoon.(buy)4.Listen!Who__________(sing)inthemusicroom?Oh.Mary_______(sing)there.5.They_________________ameetingyesterday.(nothave)6.-______you_________(have)anycolorpens?-Sorry,Idon’thaveany.7.Shelikeseggs,butshe__________________(notlike)bread.8.Mymother(tell)meastoryeverynight.–9.–Howmuchmeat________you___________(want)?-Akilo,please.10.Someone__________(be)inthenextroom.11.There__________(be)apenandtwoerasersinthepencil-box.12.Youmust_________(get)hereattwothisafternoon.13.Thetwins_________thirteentwoyearsago.(be)14.Where__________herfriend_____________(swim)now,doyouknow?15.Wemust__________(help)theteachercarryit.16.Who__________(teach)youEnglishinyourschool?17.Theteacherisbusy.Heonly__________(sleep)fivehoursaday.18.Look!Thebus____________________(come).19.Nearourschoolthere_________(be)ashop,it_________(sell)alotofbooks.20.She   _____     (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.21.What_______he_________(like)?22.He__________(teach)Englishinamiddleschool.35\n1.Youalways        (do)yourhomeworkwell.2.–What________she___________(do)?-She_______________________(clean)herroomnow.3.Lookattheman.He__________________(drink)tea.4.Hecan___________(sing)thissong.5.Let’s___________(help)mymother___________(cook).6.IthinkLiLeimust______________(be)atschool.7.There__________(be)somebreadandmeatonthetable.8.Listen!She__________(sing)anEnglishsong.9.LiuYing_______________(study)inBeijingthesedays.10.They_____________________(clean)thefloornow.11.Look!He___________________(drink)tea.12.HanMeimeioften____________(play)gamesafterschool.13.Lily__________(be)aYoungPioneer.14.Thedaybeforeyesterdaythey________(watch)avolleyballmatch.15.What__________thegirls__________(do)overtherenow?16.-She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.-She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.17.When________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)ittwoyearsago.18._______yoursister________(know)English?41.Where_______yourpenpal______(come)from?42.Theboyis___________(watch)TVathome.43.SuHai    ______    (have)eightlessonsthisterm.44.Todaythegirls__________________(wear)newclothes.35\n45.___________(be)yousittinganddrinkingtea?46.Oneofthepeople__________(be)singing.47.Whataretheydoing?They_____________(clean)theroom.48._______(be)thereanycupsoftea?No,there_________(be)notany.49.Look!Lucy____________(fly)akitewithLily.50.Ican___________(speak)ChineseandEnglish.51.How_________you_________(do)?52.She____________(look)likehermother.53.I___________(not)thinkso.54.Myfriends_____________(play)cardsnow.55.Listen!Who_____________(sing)intheclassroom?56.Jim___________(have)agoodfriend.57.Where___________(do)yourfriendcomefrom?59.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastnight.60.She___________(live)inthecity.62.ClassOne_________(have)amapofChina.63.MrGreen___________(teach)themEnglisheveryday.64.Thelittlegirl__________(have)aroundface.54.Hecan’t________(go)therewithus.66.Ican’t_____________(play)thepiano.67.Themusic__________(sound)verygreat.68.She_______________(notlike)opera.69.Tomoften_____________(sing)Japanesesongs.35\n70.JackandIoften__________(swim)intheriver.71.What______she_______(do)atweekends?72.Mycousin(walk)toschooleveryday.73.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.74.They____________(not/water)theflowersnow.75.—______Helen____________(wash)clothes?—Yes,sheis.76.LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.77.They__(leave)HongKongthreedaysago.78.  －Whatday     _____   (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.79..Myfatheralways__________(come)backfromworkverylate.80.Where__________you__________(have)luncheveryday?81.Thegirl__________(like)wearingaskirt.Look!She__________(wear)aredskirttoday.82.Whatareyou_________(do)now?I___________(eat)bread.73.It’snineo’clock.Myfather_______________(work)intheoffice.84.Look,theboy______________(put)therubbishintothebin.85.____________he____________(clean)theclassroom?No,heisn’t.He____________(play).86.WhereisMak?He___________(run)onthegrass.87.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.88._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.90.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.三.句型转换1.TheycametoChinain1990.(变一般疑问句)__________they________toChinain1990?2.Iwasillfortwodayslastweek?(同上)________youillfortwodayslastweek?35\n3.Thetwinsgotoschoolonfooteveryday.(同上)_________thetwins_______toschoolonfooteveryday?4.ShewashedtheclotheslastSunday.(变否定句)She_________________theclotheslastSunday.5.Sheisgoingtoshoppingtomorrow.(变否定句)_____________________________________6.Mymotherlikesherstudents.(变一般疑问句)_______________________________________7.DoyouwatchTVonSunday?(用lastSunday改写成过去时态的句子)______________________________________________8.WeiHuaboughtanewpenyesterday.(变否定句)She________________anewpenyesterday.9.Wehadameetingthedaybeforeyesterday.(变一般疑问句)_______you_______ameetingthedaybeforeyesterday?10.TheyhadagoodtimelastSunday.________________thetwins_______agoodtime?11.Thereweresomecarsinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：There_______________carsinfrontofthehousejustnow.一般疑问句：______there_____carsinfrontofthehousejustnow?12.Hewenttothezoowithhisfatheryesterday.否定句：He_______________tothezoowithhisfatheryesterday.一般疑问句：______he______tothezoowithhisfatheryesterday?特殊疑问句：heyesterday?13.Maryusuallyplaysgameswithhergrandparents. 否定句：Maryusually_______________gameswithhergrandparents.一般疑问句：______Maryusually________gameswithhergrandparents?特殊疑问句：Maryusually?14.Theyaredoingtheirhomework.否定句：They______________theirhomework.35\n一般疑问句：______they________theirhomework?特殊疑问句：____________they_______?15.Marydoesherhomeworkwell.否定句：Maryherhomeworkwell.一般疑问句：Maryherhomeworkwell?16.Isometimeswritetomymotherintheevening.（用tonight改写句子） Itomymothertonight.一、单句改错1.Doesheenjoyslisteningtomusic?2.Mary’smotherwasillyesterday.Shehastostayathometolookafterher.3.MyteacherwasangrybecauseIamlate.4.Theboyhasapartyathomenow.5.Iwerewenttothelibrarywithmyfriendstwohoursago.6.Hespendsmuchtimereadingbooklastweekend.7.Lindacanhelpshismothercleantheroom.8.Ibuyedalargebagofmilkinthesupermarket.9.Someonearelookingatyou.10.Iamgofishingnow.一般过去时，过去进行时，一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.He______swimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)2.It________youareright.(seem)3.Look,thechildren______ basketballontheplayground.(play)4.He______totheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)5.—Ineedsomepaper.          —I______someforyou.(bring)35\n6.Hesaidthathe______backinfiveminutes.(come)7.He______downandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)8.I______withyouifIhavetime.(go)9.Wewillgotothecinemaifit______fine.(be)10.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshe______toseemenextweek.(come)11.“When______you______thecar?”    “In1998.”(buy)12.What______you______atfiveyesterdayafternoon?(do)13.Thebikeisnice.Howmuch______it______?(cost)二、选择最佳答案填空（  ）1.We’llgoswimmingiftheweather______finetomorrow.A.is         B.was       C.willbe        D.isgoingtobe（  ）2.Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend______back.A.came        B.comes        C.havecome       D.willcome（  ）3.Listen!Someone______inthenextroom.A.cried          B.crying    C.iscrying    D.hascried（  ）4.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyou______him.A.see         B.sees       C.willsee        D.isseeing（  ）5.Hetoldmethathe______toseeusthenextday.A.comes    B.came   C.willcome        D.wouldcome（  ）6.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______biggerthantheearth.A.is     B.was      C.hasbeen       D.willbe（  ）7.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation______?35\nA.was     B.is      C.willbe    D.wouldbe（  ）8.Itseemedthattheoldman______forsomethingoverthere.A.looks    B.looked          C.waslooking       D.haslooked（ B）9.Youmuststudyhardifyou______wanttofailtheexam.A.won’t        B.don’t        C.haven’t         D.hadn’t（  ）10.—I’mafraidyoucan’tsithere.   —Sorry,I______know.A.don’t   B.won’t           C.can’t           D.didn’t（  ）11.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.A.read,wasfalling      B.fell        C.wasreading,wasfalling   D.read,fell三、动词时态能力综合测试（  ）1.Heoften______hisclothesonSundays.A.washing           B.washes        C.haswashed         D.wash（  ）2.I’mChinese.Where______from?A.doyoucome         B.youarecoming     C.youcome      D.areyoucoming（  ）3.May______toschool.A.neverwalks     B.isneverwalking    C.walknever     D.neveriswalking（  ）4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher______.A.comes       B.willcome      C.come           D.iscoming（  ）5.It______hardwhenIleftmyhouse.35\nA.israining          B.rains         C.wasraining      D.willrain（  ）6.Ithinkthisquestion______toanswer.A.easy      B.iseasy        C.waseasy     D.willeasy（  ）7.Don’ttalksoloudly.Yourfather______.A.sleeps    B.issleeping           C.slept            D.hadslept（  ）8.LastweekJohn______hisleg.A.feltandbroken   B.fellandbroke C.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken（  ）9.Jack______histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.A.putson           B.puton      C.takeson     D.tookon（  ）10.He______thepictureonthewall.A.hanged               B.hung       C.hashanged         D.washanged（  ）11.You______heragaininafewweeks.A.willsee       B.haveseen      C.hadseen        D.havebeenseen（  ）12.IwillgohomefortheholidayassoonasI______myexams.A.willfinish        B.finish           C.finishing     D.finished（  ）13.When______,I’lltalktohim.A.doesPetercome      B.Peterwillcome   C.Petercomes   D.canPetercome（  ）14.Mysister______toseeme.She’llbeheresoon.35\nA.comes         B.iscoming        C.hadcome         D.came（  ）15.Theoldmansaidthatlight______fasterthansound.A.went          B.willgo           C.travels           D.willtravel一.现在完成时的构成:现在完成时由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称. 二.现在完成时的用法:其用法主要有三种 I.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。 1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。 LiMinghasjustturnedoffthelight. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了） I'vefinishedmyhomeworknow. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了） 2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。 Ihavelostmypen. 我把笔丢了。 （说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）Shehasbecomeateacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师） 35\n II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，thisweek（month），lately，recently，thesedays，inthepastfewdays，duringthelasttwoweeks，since，sinceyesterday，since2daysago，since1991，foralongtime，foramonth，sofar，uptonow，till（until）now等。 Hehaslivedherefor30years. 他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿） They'veknowneachothersincechildhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来） HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish？ 你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学） III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often,always,everyweek,twice等连用。IhavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。 Hehasalwayssaidso.他总是这么说.三.现在完成时的时间状语 I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastSunday,in1990,threeyearsago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。a.用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.我们已完成作业了。 Theyhaven'tfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.他们还没有完成作业。b.用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。35\n如： -HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗?-IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我从未去过长城。 a.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just,before,uptonow,thepastfewyears等。例如：Ihaveseenherbefore,butIcannotrememberwhere. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 Hehasbeentherethreetimesthelastfewdays. 近几天他去过那里三次了。 b.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,thismorning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Haveyoumethimtoday?-No,Ihaven't. 今天你见过他吗？我没有。 Howmanytimeshaveyoubeentherethisyear? 今年你去过那里多少次？ II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come,go,arrive,reach,hear,close,leave,begin,start,lose,buy,fall,join,die,getup等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换如： fallasleep(ill)→beasleep(ill)          gettoknow→know begin,(start)→beon                    open→beopen buy→have                            getup→beup die→bedead                            goout→beout come→bein                            close→beclosed arrive→behere                        join→bein,bea+名词 finish(end)→beover                    leave,move→beaway, borrow→keep                        gotoschool→beastudent catch(acold)→have(acold)                35\nbegintostudy→study comeback→beback                    puton→wear或beon 如：Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他参军三年了。     Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父亲去世二年了。     Thefilmhasbeenonfor5minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。     WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们（开始）学英语已三年了。 四.几点注意事项 I.havebeen(to)与havegone(to)的区别：havebeen(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；havegone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once,never,severaltimes等连用，后者则不能。如： TheyhavebeentoBeijingtwice.他们去过北京两次。 HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。 II.不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如： Ihaven'tleftheresince1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 （错）Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth. （对）Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth. 练习一.用since和for填空1.______twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.___lastmonth4.______199935\n5._______yesterday6._______4o’clock74hours8._____anhourago9.___wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____shelefthere3512.HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.二.单项选择。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.35\nA.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I______ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin12、—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.isB.hasC.willD.was16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.35\nA.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen18.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_____for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway21.Thefactory____sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened22.MaryandRose____friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome23.Youmustn't_____untilhecomesback.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft24.Themeeting_____foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover25.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught26.Ben______ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became27.I______homeforaweek.35\nA.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned三.用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”四.用适当的时态填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem____________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour__________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you_______(see)ithereandthere?6._________you_____(find)yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty?---NoI_________just_________(have)someorange.8.Wealready_________(return)thebook.9.________they_______(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I_____________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.12.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.13.I_________(lost)mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather___________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.五、划线提问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.35\n____________________________yourfather___________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook六.翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。4.他已经吃过午饭.5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。7.这本字典我已买了三年了。8.他离开中国三年了。9.我认识他们五年了。现在完成进行时1定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。2现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成3现在完成进行时的基本句型肯定式I/Wehavebeenworking.疑问式Haveyoubeenworking？简略回答Yes，I/wehave.No，I/wehaven't.肯定式He/She/Ithasbeenworking.35\n疑问式Hashe/she/itbeenworking？简略回答Yes，he/she/ithas.No，he/she/ithasn't.4现在完成时的用法1）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：I'vebeenreadingthisbookfortwohours，butIhaven'tfinishedit.这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。I'vereadthisbook.我已读完这本书了。2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。Shehasalwaysbeenworkinglikethat.她一贯是这样工作的。3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。We'vebeenseeingquitealotofeachotherrecently.最近我们经常见面。5现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：We'vebeenlivingherefortenyears.We'velivedherefortenyears.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：Thestudentshavebeenpreparingfortheexam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。Thestudentshavepreparedfortheexam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：They'veknowneachothersince1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。35\n练习:1.MrLiswimmingfor3hours,andhissonanhourago.A.hasbeen,startedB.havestarted,hasstartedC.started,startedD.Hasstarted,hasstarted2.---Howlongyoustamps?---Sincetwoyearsago.A.have,collectB.have,beencollectingC.did,collectD.are,collecting3.Shehadaheadachebecauseshetoolong.Sheoughttoshop.A.hasbeenreadingB.hadreadC.isreadingD.read4.TheboyTVallthemorning.A.haswatchedB.hadwatchedC.hasbeenwatchingD.watched5.---haveyoubeenlearningtoswim?---Halfayear.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.When6.Ourteacherhasbeenteachinginthisschoolfor.A.twoyearandahalfB.twoandahalfyearC.twoyearsandhalfD.twoandahalfyears7.Heitfortwohours,andhe'sstillwatchingnow.A.hasbeenwatchedB.watchingC.hasbeenwatchingD.iswatching现在完成时态练习题答案一．翻译下列句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.35\n4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?6.Mybrotherhasn’tcome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasn’treturnedyet.7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.11.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16.since35\n四、划线提问1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buy五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:WherehasLiFeigone?B:HehasgonetoHainanIsland.A:Howlonghashebeenthere?B:Hehasbeenthereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,Ihaveneverbeenthere.A:HowmanytimeshasLiFeibeentothatplace?B:Hehasbeenthereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1.hasgoneto2.wentto3.hasbeenin4.have,beenin5.havebeenin6.Have,beento;havebeen7.havebeenin/at8.hasgoneto9.didgo;went10.go;havebeen11.are,going;amgoing12.goes13.Did,go14.Do,go七、综合练习:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already35\n八.用适当的时态填空：1.lived/hasbeenliving2.havebeen3.went4.haspassed;left5.haslost;have,seen6.Have,found7.have,had8.have,returned9.Have,built10.haven’tfinished11.hasread12.bought13.lost14.havebeenreading/hasread35