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oolish,right。　　It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。【说明】for与of的辨别方法：　　用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：Youarenice.　(通顺，所以应用of)。Heishard.　(人是困难的，不通。或者:Tostudytwolanguagesishardforhim。因此应用for。)二、动词的-ing形式： 1．动词的-ing形式用作动名词：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1）动名词作主语Walkingisgoodexercise.走路是很好的运动2）动名词作表语Myfavoritesportisswimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。3） 动名词作宾语Jimdislikeseatingchocolate.吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。Shecan’thelpcryingatasadmovie.她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。[说明]有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。例如：admit,finish,forgive,giveup,mind,practise,begoodat,dowellin,can'thelp,keepon,feellike,beusedto,lookforwardto,preferto,等。6）动名词作定语：动名词作定语时和形容词的功能是相似的。动名词可以单独作定语，例如：asmilingface笑脸swimmingpool游泳池dining-car餐车2．动词的-ing形式用作现在分词：-ing分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中：see,hear,find,smell,watch,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe例如：1）TherewefoundhimwatchingTV.我们发现他在那儿看电视。2）Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我听见有人在敲门。3．比较：1）共同点：动词不定式结构和动词的-ing形式都被称之为非谓语结构，因此它们一般都可以放在句中除了谓语之外的其他位置。2）区别①动词不定式的基本含义是表示谓语动词后面的动作还未发生，此外，若谓语动词后面的动作发生过了也用不定式，而-ing分词的基本含义一般则表示动作正在发生或进行。②动名词的基本用法是该结构用在及物动词或介词之后构成动宾短语或介宾短语。3）接不定式或动名词，意义相同：begintodobegindoingstarttodostartdoingcontinuetodocontinuedoing4）动名词与不定式语义不同：A.stoptodo　　　　　stopdoing　　　　B.forgettodo　　　　forgetdoing　C.remembertodo　　　rememberdoing　　　　　　　D.trytodo　　　　　　trydoing　E.goontodo　　　　goondoing　　　　　　　　F.beafraidtodo　　　　beafraiddoing三、【考点诠释】1、考查非谓语动词用作主语不定式或动名词用作主语，而分词不能担任句子中的主语。\n【考例】It'sverynicepicturesforme.[天津]A.ofyoutodrawB.foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingD.ofyoudrawing[答案]：A。[解析]考查It's+形容词+of/forsb.+todosth.句中it为形式主语，todo是真正的主语，当形容词是表示品质意思时，应该用ofsb．，其他形容词用forsb．，故此题答案为A。2、考查非谓语动词用作宾语【考例】一It'sabitcoldWouldyoumindmy______allthewindows?一Doasyoulike，please．[07淄博市]A．closeBwillcloseC．closingD．toclose[答案]C[解析]动词mind意为“介意”，后跟动词时，应使用ing形式。MaryandIenjoy____________badminton[07黔岭东南州]A．toplayBplayingC．played[答案]B[解析]enjoy后跟动词的ing形式作宾语，即：enjoydoingsomething，意为“喜欢(做)某事”。--Sohotintheclassroom．Wouldyoumind___thewindows?——0K．I'lldoitrightnow．[黄冈市]A．notclosingBnotopeningCclosingD．opening[答案]D[解析]mind是中考的重点考查词汇，其后跟v—ing表示“介意……”。---Mr.Wang，Ihavetrouble_______thetext．一Remember____itthreetimesatleast．[威海市]A．tounderstand；readingBunderstanding；readingCunderstanding；toreadD．tounderstand；toreadatnight．[答案]C[解析]havetroubledoingsomething意为“做某事有困难”，所以答案在B与C中。remembertodosomething意为“记得(去)做某事”，rememberdoingsomething意为“记得做过某事”，由对话的语境可知，前者正确。--Howareyoufeelinghere?--It'squitehot.Idon'tknowtogoorstay.[武汉]A.howB.whenC.whetherD.where[答案]：C。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道是走还是留下来。”故选C。Manypeoplethinkit'sveryimportantuslearnEnglishwell.[贵阳]A.for,toB.to,toC.with,for[答案]：A。[解析]考查“主语+feel/think/make/find+it+adj.+forsb.+todosth.句中it为形式宾语，todo是真正的宾语，”故此题答案为A。Themenuhassomanygoodthings!Ican’tdecide__________.[河北]A.whattoeatB.howtoeatC.wheretoeatD.whentoeat[答案]：A。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不能决定吃什么。”故选A。12．---MydadboughtmeanewMP4,butIdon’tknow______________.---Let’sreadtheinstructions.[河南课改试验区]A.whattouseB.whichonetouseC.howtouseitD.whentouseit[答案]：C。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道如何使用。”故选C。13．Ittookmydaughtertwoweeks________thenovels_______byYandHongying.[潍坊]A.read;writtenB.toread;writtenC.reading;towriteD.toread;wrote[答案]：B。[解析]Ittakes+sb．+sometime+todosth．表示花费多长时间做某事，novel与write的关系是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动。故答案为B。Driversarewarned________whentheyaretired.[佛山]A.todriveB.notdriveC.nottodrive[答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式的否定结构。否定形式是在to前面加not。故选C。Ifyouwanttoknow_______themobilephone,you’dbetterreadtheinstructionsfirst.[大连]A.howtouseB.howtomakeC.wheretomendD.wheretobuy[答案]：A。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“如果你想要知道如何使用手机的话，你最好先看一看说明书。”故选A。Chinawillspendabout52billionyuan____newairportsand__oldonesinthewestofChinainthe11thFive-YearPlanperiod(时期)．[07临沂市]\nA．repairing;buildingBtobuild；repairC．building；repairingD．torepair；build[答案]C[解析]本题主要是考查动词spend的用法。spend．．．doingsomething意为“花费……做某事”，由此可排除B、D两项。再从句意上看，应是“修建”新机场，“维修”旧机场。3．studentsshouldpayattentionto___________theteacherinclass．[07泰州市]A．hearB1istentoClisteningtoDhearingof[答案]C[解析]本题考查了介词后跟动词的情况。payattentionto意为“注意”，其中to是介词，所以后面的动词应使用动名词形式。hearof意为“听说”，与句意不符。3、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。【考例】Aliceaskedmeanotherbagforher.[北京市课标卷]A.getB.gotC.togetD.getting[答案]：C。[解析]asksb．todosth．表示让某人做某事，此句话的意思为:“爱丽丝叫我给她再带一个包。”Ourparentsoftentellusnotaloneintheriverinsummer.[长沙]A.swimB.toswimC.swimming[答案]：B。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。tellsb．todosth．表示告诉某人做某事，tell后边要加不定式，否定形式是在to前面加not，根据题意，应选B。---Whatdidyoursistersaytoyoulastnight?---Sheaskedme_________myfatherhersecret.[绍兴]A.totellnotB.nottotellC.don’ttellD.nottell[答案]：B。[解析]tellsb．todosth．表示告诉某人做某事，tell后边要加不定式，否定形式是在to前面加not，根据题意，应选B。Bettyisoftenseen_______theoldmanwithhishousework.[咸宁]A.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helps[答案]：B。[解析]考查感官动词后接动词不定式的用法。在make,let,have等使役动词和see,watch,notice,hear,listento，lookat，feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to。当使役动词和感官动词变为被动语态时，不定式就成了主语补语，作主语补语的不定式必须加to。故选B。Timegoesbysofast.Wemustnevermissthechancetoshowloveforourparentsandmakethem__________howmuchtheymeantous.[哈尔滨]A.toknowB.knowingC.know[答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。makesb.dosth.表示“使某人……”，故选C。---HowdoyoufeelwhenyouseethenationalflagofChina?---Itmakesus________proud.[包头]A.feelB.tofeelC.feltD.feeling[答案]：A。[解析]考查感官动词后接动词不定式的用法。在make,let,have等使役动词和see,watch,notice,hear,listento，lookat，feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to。故选A。4、考查非谓语动词用作定语【考例】—Shoppingwithme?—Sorry.Ihavealotofclothes.（2004江西省南昌）A．towashB．washedC．washD．tobewashed[答案]:A[命题立意]：本题考查动词不定式作定语的用法。[试题解析]：作定语用的不定式的逻辑主语是句中主语或宾语时，就用主动式的不定式来表被动意义。故选A。5、考查非谓语动词用作状语【考例】--Linda,Iamverythirsty.--Let'sgotothenearestsupermarketsomedrinks,OK?[重庆]A.buyB.boughtC.tobuyD.buying[答案]：C。[解析]考查不定式作目的状语的用法。句意为：“咱们去最近的超级市场买些饮料。”Inorder________thewordafriendlyplace,onemustshowafriendlyface.[乐山]A.makesB.makingC.tomakeD.make[答案]：C。[解析]考查动词不定式作目的状语的特殊结构。inordertodosth.表示“为了……”\n的意思，不定式作目的状语。故选C。一Theregoesthebell．一It'stimeforclass.Let'sstop_________.[福州市]A．talkBtotalkC．talkingD．nottalk[答案]C[解析]动词stop后既可接动词不定式作宾语，即：stoptodosth，也可以接动词的一ing形式作定语，即：stopdoingsth。前者表示停下来(开始)做后面的动作，后者表示停止当前的动作。由语境“铃响了，到了上课时间，应停止交谈”可知，应选C项。【基础练习】(一)选择最佳答案1.Don'tforget_________theletter.A.tosend     B.send     C.sending     D.beingsent2.Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_________.A.sit         B.siton    C.besat       D.besaton3.Is______necessarytoreturnthebooktomorrow?A.this        B.that      C.it          D.which4.I'mafraidtheywouldnotallowhim________here.A.tosmoke    B.smoking  C.smokes     D.smoke5.Mothertoldme________thewaterbeforeIdrankit.A.boiling      B.boiled   C.boil         D.toboil6.Onmywayhome,Istopped_______somefood.A.buy        B.tobuy    C.buying      D.bought7.LiYangadvisedme_________toomuch,otherwiseIwouldhavebeendrunk.A.nottodrink    B.todrink   C.notdrinking   D.drinking8.He______twomillionyuan______avaseattheauction.A.spent,buyB.cost,buyingC.paid,buyD.spent,buying9.ThefirstthingIwanttodois__________.A.visittohim   B.tovisithim   C.visitinghim    D.visitedhim10.Johnwasmade_______thecarforaweekasapunishment.A.towash     B.washing  C.wash       D.tobewashing11.________isonething,________isquiteanother.   A.Tosay,todo   B.Say,do  C.Said,did   D.Tosay,do12.I’lltry________thesamemistakesagain.   A.tonotmake B.notmake   C.nottomake   D.notmaking13.It’stoohard________itbyhimself.   A.nottodo     B.todo     C.thatIdo    D.doing14.It’stimeforsports.Let’s______bowling,shallwe?A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes15.‘MrZhou,you’dbetter______toomuchsugar.Youarealreadyoverweight,’saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat（二）用动词的适当形式填空：1．Ifyoukeep________(fight)withhim,youmayhurtyourself.2．Thestudentsarebusy________(prepare)forthecomingexam.3．Hisdutyis________(save)thesickpeople.4 ．Ihavenothing___________(send)you.5． Theyweremade___________(work)tenhoursaday.6． Nooneknowswhat___________(do)next.【提高题】I.选择题。1.Thedoctorcame______oureyes.A.toexamineB.forexaminingC.astoexamineD.examining2.Ourteacheralwaysmakesus_______hard.\nA.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked3._______ourclassroomonceaweekisnecessaryA.CleaningB.CleanC.CleanedD.Toclean4._______isourduty______goodservicetocustomersA.That,togiveB.This,givingC.It,togiveD.It,giving5.Ittookyears______thehighrise.A.forourbuildingB.forusinbuildingC.tobuildD.building6.Theirwishis_____ahouseoftheirown.A.tohaveB.forhavingC.haveD.ofhaving7.Theteacheragreed_____us_____thetestpapershome.A.tolet,takeB.tolet,totakeC.letting,takeD.let,take8.WhenhesawIwasinahurry,heoffered_______mehisbicycle.A.lendingB.lentC.tolendD.inlending9.Idon'tlike_______people_________abouttheirneighbours.A.hear,talkingB.tohear,talkingC.tohear,totalkD.hearing,talked10.Ihaven'tdecided________A.totakewhichtrainB.whichtotakeatrainC.whichtraintotakeD.whichtraintaken11.Youmustremember____meaphonecallassoonasyougetthere.A.givingB.togiveC.gaveD.give12.ProfessorBrowntaughthisstudents______English,andhelearned______Chinesefromthem.A.howtospeak,speakingB.howtospeak,tospeakC.howspeaking,speakingD.howspeak,tospeak13.—Sorry,Iforgot_________youthatthepartywouldn'tbeheldtonight.—That'sallright.Maryhastoldmeaboutit.A.tellingB.ItoldC.toldD.totell14.Iwonder_________himornot.A.ifinviteB.whethertoinviteCtoinviteD.iftoinvite15.Ihope_________yourself.A.youtomanageB.foryoutomanageC.youmanagingD.thatyoucanmanage16.—Wouldyoulike________youthewaythere?—It'skindofyou.Thankyou.A.meshowingB.thatIshowC.meshowD.metoshow17.Theoldmansaidthathe'dpreferaloneinthecountryratherthanlivewithhissoninthecity.A.livingB.toliveC.thathelivesD.forhimtolive18.IknowAliceverywell.Ihaveseenher____upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow19.Sincenobodytoldher______,shecametoourhelp.A.whatshedidB.todowhatC.whattodoD.whatshetodo20.Myauntshowedme_____.A.howtomakeadressB.howadressbemadeC.howmakingadressD.howadressmade21.Aftershefinishedtheexercisesinthetextbook,shetried______moreexercises______.A.tofind,todoB.finding,todoC.tofind,shedidD.finding,done22.ThepolicemantoldSmith______afterdrinking.A.tonotdriveB.notdrivingC.notdriveD.nottodrive23.Tomkeptquietabouthismistake_____losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto24.Patshouldlove______littleJimtothetheatrethisevening.A.totakeB.takingC.thathewouldtakeD.forhimtotake25.Weenjoy_verymuch,becauseitisgoodforourhealth.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran\n26.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turnitoffB.toturnitoffC.thatIturneditoffD.thatIshouldturnitoff27.Theywereverytiredandstopped_______underabigtree.A.restingB.torestC.restD.thattheywouldrest28.—Wouldyoumindmetheanswertotheproblem?—Notatall.A.thatyoutellmeB.tellingC.totellD.iftelling29.Hepromised______adoctorformyson.A.metogetB.thathegotmeC.megettingD.methathegot30.Fathertoldtheboy______thedogafewbonesafterdinner.A.thathegaveB.togiveC.givingD.gave.31._________thatmoneyforhiseducation,hisparentsworkedhardevenaftertheirday'swork.A.ForgettingB.GetC.SoastogetD.Inordertoget32.Ithinkyouare_________mealsyourself.A.enougholdtocookB.oldenoughtocookC.oldenoughforcookingD.enougholdcooking33.Themathsproblemis_________difficult_________.A.so,astoworkoutB.very,toworkoutC.too,toworkoutD.quite,workedout34.LastnightIwassotiredthatIfellasleepsoon.Ididn'thearhimin.A.comingB.cameC.tocomeD.come35.Haveyouanythingimportant____us?A.totellB.tellingC.toldusD.youtell36.—DoyouknowaboutCaptainEdMitchell?202—Yes.Hewasthesixthman_____onthemoon.A.walkingB.walkedC.towalkD.ofwalking37.Itisniceherso.A.for,tosayB.for,sayingC.of,tosayD.of,said38.Isn'titaniceway_____thehardproblem?A.tosolveB.insolvingC.solveD.solving39.You'dbetter_________heraboutherownhealthnow.A.nottotellB.nottellC.tonottellD.totellnot40.Whatacoincidence!DrBrownhappenedthedoctorIwaslookingfor.A.hewasB.beingC.tobeD.tobeing答案：I.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B10.C11.B12.B13.D14.B15.D16.D17.B18.A19.C20.A21.A22.D23.B24.A25.B26.B27.B28.B29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A36.C37.C38.A39.B40.C中考真题：2001-2010上海中考真题1.We'dbetter________offourmobilephones.Themeetingwillstartinaminute.(2007)A.toturnB.turningC.turnD.turned2.It'stimeforsports.Let's________bowling,shallwe?(2006)A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes3.Tomlikescars.Heenjoys________modelcarsofallkinds.(2005)A.collectsB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected4.Theheavysnowstormmadethemountainclimbers________halfway.(2005)A.stopB.tostopC.stoppingD.stopped5.Internetbarsmustn'tletpeopleunder18inorletanybody________badthings.(2004)A.watchB.towatchC.watchingD.watches\n6."MrZhu,you'dbetter________toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight,"saiddiedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat(2003)7."Don'talwaysmakeMichael________thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,"MrBushsaidtohiswife.（2003）A.doB.todoC.doesD.did8.Ifthelaunch（发射)in2005issuccessful,Chinawillbethethirdcountry________itsastronautsintospaceafterRussiaandtheUS.(2002)A.sendB.sendsC.sendingD.tosend9.YesterdaymorningIgotupearly________belatefortheexam.(2002)A.inordertoB.inordertonotC.soasnottoD.soasto10.Thegreedyinn-keeperoncemadethepoorhero________twiceaday.(2001)A.danceB.dancesC.dancedD.todance11.Ourheadmasteraskedus_____areportonhowtoprotectwildanimals.(08)A)writeB)writingC)towriteD)wrote12、Thewomanfeelsthatsheshouldletherson_______hisowndecisionthistime.（09）A)makesB)makeC)tomakeD)making13、Susanfinallybecameapopularsingerafterhepracticed_________foryears.（09）A)singB)tosingC)singingD)sang14、Richardturnedoffthecomputerafterhehadfinished_________theemail.（10）A)writeB)towriteC)writingD)wrote15.BeforegoingtotheHistoryMuseum,ourteachertoldus_________thepublicrules.（10）A)obeyB)toobeyC)obeyingD)obeyed2007-2003年全国各省市1.—Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?—Iwouldrather________athomethan________football.It'stoohotoutside.(2007南京)A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing2.—Bob,mayI________yourMP4?（2007福州）—Sure.Butyou'dbetternot________ittoothers.A.lend;lendB.lend;borrowC.borrow;borrowD.borrow;lend3.—Theregoesthebell.（2007福州）—It'stimeforclass.Let'sstop________.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.nottalk4.Aliceaskedme___anotherbagforher.(2007北京)A.getB.gotC.togetD.getting5.—Wouldyoumind________mypetdogwhenIamout?—Sorry,Ican't.Ihavetostudyformytestthisweek.（2007重庆）A.takecareofB.takingcareofC.totakecareofD.takingcare6.—Whynot________musicclub?(2007重庆)—I'msorry.Ican'tsingordance.A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.tojoinin7.—Linda,Iamverythirsty.—Let'sgotothenearestsupermarket________somedrink，OK？A.buyB.boughtC.tobuyD.buying(2007重庆)8.Thenewtermiscoming.Thestudentsarebusy______theclassrooms.A.cleanB.cleansC.tocleanD.cleaning(2006北京)9.—Howdoyouknowthatshelikessinging?—Ioftenhearher________afterclass.A.tosingB.sangC.singD.sings(2006南通)10.Youaresobusy.Whatdoyouwantme________foryou?(2006重庆)A.doB.doneC.todoD.doing11.Ourteacheralwaystellus______moreEnglishinandoutofclass.（2006重庆）A.speakB.spokenC.tospeakD.speaking\n12.WhenI________thefarm,thechildrenhadfinished________theapple.(2006连云港)A.reached;pickingB.got;pickingC.came;pickedD.arrivedin;topick13.Colourscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus________happyorsad,energeticorsleepy.A.tofeelB.feelingC.feltD.feel(2006南京)14.MrGreenkepton________theplayers_________teamwork..A.asking;torememberB.asking;rememberingC.toask;rememberingD.toask;toremember(2005无锡)15.AllofthemthinkPeteriseasyto_______A.getonwellwithB.getonwellC.getonwellwithhimD.gettingonwellwith16.Mygrandfatherwants_______aroundtheworldbecauseheenjoys________newplaces.A.travelling;seeingB.totravel;toseeC.totravel;seeingD.traveling;tosee(2005广东)17.—Youforgot________thedoor.—Oh,________.I'llgoandcloseit(2005烟台)A.closing;soIdidB.toclose;soIdidC.closing;nordidID.toclose;neitherdidI18.Idon'tfeellike________now.Iprefertohaveawalkaftersupper.(2004厦门)A.walkB.walkingC.towalkD.walks19.Weoftenhearteenagers_______popsongsinsteadofPekingOpera.（2004湖州）A.singB.sangC.tosingD.sung20.Theypreferred________inbedratherthan________horses.（2004黑龙江）A.tolie:torideB.lying;ridingC.tolie:rideD.lying:ride21.Mygrandparentsliveinavillagenearby.Iusuallygo_______themonceaweek.A.seesB.seeingC.sawD.tosee（2004桂林）22.—HowcanIimprovemyspokenEnglish?（2003扬州）—Youhavetopractice________asmuchasyoucan.A.speakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak23.AftertheP.E.class,theteacherofferedussomething________.(2003扬州)A.drinkB.drinkingC.drunkD.todrink24.Wouldyoumind________mehow_______Englishwords?（2003昆明）A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC.telling;torememberD.tell;remember25.—Doyouwanttoeatsomething?—________,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idon'tfeellike________.（2003昆明）A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanythingC.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything26.Heusedto______verylate,butnowheisusedto______early.（2003潍坊）A.getup;gettingupB.getup;getupC.gettingup;getupD.gettingup;gettingup27.Itwasverylate.Shestoppedthechildrenfrom______TV.（2003潍坊）A.watchesB.towatchC.watchedD.watching28.You'dbetter________inthemeetingroom.（2003兰州）A.tosmokeB.smokingC.notsmokeD.nottosmoke\n膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁莀薁螆肄芆薀衿艿膂蕿羁肂蒁薈蚁芇莇蚇螃肀芃蚆袅芆腿蚅肈肈薇蚅螇羁蒃蚄袀膇荿蚃羂羀芅蚂蚂膅膁螁螄羈蒀螀袆膃莆螀羈羆节蝿螈膂芈螈袀肄薆螇羃芀蒂螆肅肃莈螅螅芈芄莂袇肁膀蒁罿芇葿蒀虿聿莅葿袁芅莁蒈羄膈芇蒇肆羀薅蒇螆膆蒁蒆袈罿莇蒅羀膄芃薄蚀羇腿薃螂膂蒈薂羄羅蒄薁肇芁