高中英语语法----名词教案 13页

代词专项复习教案姓名冉智慧年级应用部2年级计划课时数5节课题英语语法复习专项代词教学目标1、代词的概念和作用2、代词的分类：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词3、了解代词的种类和正确选择使用不同种类的代词难点重点1、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的正确使用2、不定代词的选择和使用任教班级课堂教学内容课前检查作业完成情况：优口良口中口差口建议过程英语语法代词代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句屮的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。一.人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格。2.人称代词有主格和宾格Z分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：Iliketabletennis.（作主语）Doyouknowhim?（作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：■一Whosisknockingatthedoor?…It'sme.4.人称代词在them之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：Heisolderthanme.\nHeisolderthanIam.二.物主代词1・表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.Thisisherpencil-box.3.名词性物主代词的作用和当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere.（作主语）…IsthisEnglish-bookyours?（作表语）…No.Mineisinmybag.Fvealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?（作宾语）三.指示代词指示代词包括：this,that,these,thoseo1.this和these—般用来指在吋间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：Thisisapenandthatisapencil-Wearebusythesedays.Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime.2.有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：Ihadacold.That'swhyIdidn'tcome.\nWhatIwanttosayisthis;pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.1.有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替,例如：TelevisionsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai.2.this在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方。例如:Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?二.反身代词英语中用来表示“我自己"，“你自己"，“他自己"，“我们自己”，“你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。反身代词可以在句屮作宾语，表语，同位语。1.作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。Hecalledhimselfawriter.WouldyoupleaseexpressyourselfinEnglish?2.作表语。Itdoesn'tmatter.Fllbemyselfsoon.Thegirlinthenewsismyself.3.作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或木人。Imyselfwashedtheclothes・(=1washedtheclothesmyself.)(作主语同位语)Youshouldasktheteacherhimself.(作宾语同位语)三.不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：\n1.some与any的区别1)some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个勺乍形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.oSomericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何"用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。\nIfyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.Haveyougotanytea?3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Ican'tseeany.Ifyouhavenomoney,I'lllendyousome.注意：与some,any结合的词女Usomething,somebody,someone,anything,anyone,anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some,any的用法相同。1.few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别1）用作形容词：含义用法表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词afew虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词alittle,虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么I'mgoingtobuyafewapples.HecanspeakonlyalittleChinese.Thereisonlyalittlemilkintheglass・Hehasfewfriends.Theyhadlittlemoneywiththem.2）alittle和little也可以用作副词，alittle表示"有点,稍微little表示“很少”。Fmalittlehungry.（修饰形容词hungry）Lethimsleepalittle.（修饰动词sleep）Mary,goalittlefaster,please.（修饰副词比较级）\nShesleptverylittlelastnight.1.other,theother,another,others,theothers的区别。用法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人,其他人another(boy)另一个(男孩)other(boys)其他男孩特定theother另一个theothers其余那些人、物theother(boy)另一个男孩theother(boys)其余那些男孩1)other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。Wherearehisotherbooks?Ihaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.2)other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“theother",表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成"one。theother。・・"句型。Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3)other作代词用时，可以有复数“others",泛指“另外的人或物常与some搭配构成"some。・・。，others。・・"句型。Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.\nThiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.4）"theothers”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.In5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?Marydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanothe匚1.every与each的区别。eachevery1）可单独使用1）不可单独使用2）可做代名词、形容词2）仅作形容词3）着重“个别V）着重“全体J毫无例外4）用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4）用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物Theteachergaveatoytoeachchild.Eachballhasadifferentcoloui;当我们说eachchild,eachstudent或eachteacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说everychild和everystudent时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，義示他们都如此。EverystudentlovestheEnglishteacher.=AllstudentslovetheEnglishteacher.Everychildlikesplaying.=Allchildrenlikeplaying.ourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.2.all和both的用法。Dall指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句屮作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。\nAllofuslikeMrPope.我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）=WealllikeMrPope.（作同位语）Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.（作主语）That'sallfortoday.（作表语）Whynoteatall（of）thefish?（作宾语）Alltheleadersarehere.（作定语）2）both作代词。①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都SLucyandLilybothagreewithus.Theybothpassedontheirsticksatthesametime.Howareyourparents?They9rebothfine.②与“of+代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都霍BothofthemcametoseeMary.Bothofthebooksareveryinteresting.③单独使用，表示“两者（都）二Michaelhastwosons.Bothareclever.Idon'tknowwhichbookisthebetter,Ishallreadboth.3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都霍Bothhisyoungersistersareourclassmates-Therearetalltreesonbothsidesofthestreet.二.相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有eachother和oneanother两种形式。在当代英语中，eachother和oneanother没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。Weshouldlearnfromeachother/oneanother.（作宾语）Doyouoftenwritetoeachother/oneanother?（作宾语）\nWeoftenborroweachother's/oneanother'sbooks.（作定语）Thestudentscorrectedeachother's/oneanother'smistakesintheirhomework.（作定语）二.疑问代词疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句屮，一般都放在句首，并在句子屮作为某一句子成分。例如：Whoisgoingtocomeheretomorrow?（作主语）Whatisthat?（作表语）Whoseumbrellaisthis?（作定语）Whomareyouwaitingfor?（作宾语）三.关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有who,whose,whom,that,which.它们在句中可用作主语，表语，宾语,定语。在主句中，它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：Ihatepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.Fmlookingatthephotographwhichyousentmewithyourletter.Withthemoneythathehadsaved,hewentonwithhisstudies.【巩固练习】1.Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture・A.myB.mineC・1D・me答案：D。该提考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。在本题中，动词show的后面要跟双宾语，空白处缺少一个间接宾语，所以应选me。2.…What'sonTVtonight?Isthereinteresting?—rmafraidnot.A.somethingB・anythingC・nothingD.everything\n答案：Bo该提考查的是不定代词的用法。这是一个疑问句。在疑问句中，通常用anythingo2.ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each答案：Do该题考查的是不定代词用法。因为谓语动词是单数形式，所以Bo(h和Some都不对。Every不能作主语，所以只有Each合适。3.…Whereismypen?・—Oh.sorry・Ihavetakenbymistake.A.yoursB.hisC・mineD・hers答案：A。该题考查的是物主代词的用法。根据题干的背景，我们可以判断出错拿的钢笔应该是对方的，所以选yoursoDoyouknowtheladywhoisinterviewingourheadmaster?测试题1•Isaboyorgirl?A.sheB.heC.oneD.it2.Theyaskedtodothework・A.you,heandIB・you，himandmeC・I,youandheD.me,youandhim3.Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocanbe?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it4.aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis5.is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebyca匚A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace6・Thebearwasshotinhead・?A.theB.itsC.aD.this7.Heapologizedtomeforhittingmeface・A.ontheB・attheC・intheD.inmy8.Ourroomisbig,butisbiggerthan.A・their;ourB.their;oursC・theirs;oursD・theirs;our9.-isyoursister?-Sheisanurse・A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who10.hashappenedanddidit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what11.ofyouwouldliketogowithus?A.WhoB.WhichC.AllD.Both12.doyouthinkyoushouldhelp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom13.WeatthepartylastSunday・\nA.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselvesC・enjoymyselfD.enjoyedourself7.PeopleusuallyputsmallpresentsinstockingonChristmasEve.A.eachotherB・eachothersC.eachothersD.eachothers18.-Howmanyapplesdidyourmothergiveyou,LucyorLily?-.A.EachoneB.OneeachC.OneeveryoneD.Onemore9.Theboyrunsfasterthaninhisclass.,A.anyoftheboyB.anyboysC・anyotherboyD.alltheboys10.Couldyoudoforme,please?A.eveiythingB・nothingC.somethingD.anything11.Asweknow,heisfool.A.notB.noaC・notanD.no12.ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.Any13.Bytheway,isthereintoday'snewspaper?A.somethingnewoB.anythingnewC.newsomethingD.newanything14.hashappened,Iwantyoutotellmeaboutit.A.SomethingB.EverythingC・AnythingD.Nothing15.Thereareforty-fourstudentsinClassOne.Nineteenofthemareboys,aregirls.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.someothers16.MrSmithhastwosons.isasoldier,isadoctor.A・One;anotherB.One;otherC・This;theotherD・One;theother17.Therearemanypeopleintheparknow・Someareboating.arewalkingalongthelake.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others25.Theglassisbroken.Goandget.A.otherB.anotheroneC..othersD.theother26.TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,andofthemiseasytounderstand・A.bothB・all.C.everyD.each27・Ididn'tknowthatyouwouldthere・A・be;allB.all;beC・are;allD:all;are28.-Arethesetwobooksinteresting?-Yes,ofthemareinteresting.A.bothB.allC・eitherD.neither29.Hecouldn'tmakehimselfunderstoodbecauseofusknewwhathesaid.A.noneB.noC.nobodyD.not3()・Ididn'tlikethecrosstalk・oftheactorswasfunny.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.Either31.-Howmanymonkeysdidyouseeinthezoo?A.NeverB.NoneC.NooneD.Nothing32.Theboyhaseatentwobananasalready,buthewanted.A.afewmoreB.fewmoreC・alittlemoreD.littlemore33.Ididrflgetanylettersyesterday,buttherewerethismorning・A.alittleB.fewC.littleD.afew34.Thefilmisn'tinteresting.peoplelikeit.A.FewB.AlittleC.AfewD.Little35.Hurryup!Thereistimeleft.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle36・Sorry,Icanrtansweryourquestion・Iknowaboutthesubject.A・alittleB.1ittleC・fewD・afew37.Themanmissedthebus.iswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.\nA.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.All37.Hehastostayathome.hehasabadcold.A.ThisisbecauseB.ThatrswhyC.SoisitD・Thereasonis\nlg•r>课堂检测o绩成it;课后巩固•9题业作教学反思