人教版高中英语选修六教案Unit 1 Art单元教案 20页

Unit1ArtPeriod1VocabularyandUsefulExpressionsTeachingGoals:1.ToenableSstomastersomenewwordsandexpressions2.TogetSstohaveknowledgeofthisgrammarpoint:thesubjectivemoodTeachingProcedures:Step1.FreetalkIfyouhaveaspecialchancetobecomeapoet,whatkindofpoemswillyouwritetopeople?Andwhy?Step2.WordstudyPurpose:Toconsolidatethewordsandphrasesinthetext.1.Findawordinthepoemsthatrhymeswitheachofthewordsbelow.Thenaddotherwordsthatrhyme.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.(1)deadleadredthreadfedsaidbed(2)high(3)sing(4)today(5)lace(6)trueSuggestedAnswers:(2)highskypiemyflyshylie(3)singringwingthingkingflingstring(4)todayawaysayplaylaytraymay(5)laceracefacecasechaseplacespace(6)truetoonewflewfewshoecanoe2.Completethepassageusingthewordsbelowinthecorrectform.cottagerunoutofnurseryrhythmreciterhyme\nWhenIwasababy,mymotherusedtoreadmerhymes,Ilovedtheirandthewaythewordsattheendofthelines.BythetimeIwastwoyearsold,Icouldatleasttenofthem.Whenwenewnurseryrhymes,mymotherwouldgotothestoretobuyanothernurseryrhymebook.Infact,myfamilylovedreadingsomuchthatthelivingroominourwasfullofbooks.SuggestedAnswers:nursery;rhythm;rhyme;recite;runoutof;cottage.1.InEnglishwesometimesadd–fultoanountomakeanadjective.Forexample,wonderbecomeswonderful.Thismeansfullofwonder.Nowmakeadjectivesformthesenouns.Thenaddfourotherpairsyouknow.(1)beauty(5)dread(9)(2)joy(6)hope(10)(3)sorrow(7)peace(11)(4)delight(8)power(12).SuggestedAnswers:(1)beautiful(2)joyful(3)sorrowful(4)delightful(5)dreadful(6)hopeful(7)peaceful(8)powerful(9)thankful(10)successful(11)painful(12)useful4.Completethetablewiththecorrectnouns,verbs,adjectivesoradverbs.VerbAdverbNounAdjectiveangrydarkenimpressiverepetitivetransformationaltranslationwarm\nenjoyexpressivelyinspireSuggestedAnswers:VerbAdverbNounAdjectiveangerangerangryAngrilydarkdarkendarkdarklyimpressionimpressimpressiveimpressivelyrepetitionrepeatrepetitiverepetitivelytransformationtransformtransformational\translationtranslatetranslated\warmthwarmwarmwrmlyenjoymentenjoyenjoyableenjoyablyexpressionexpressexpressiveexpressivelyinspirationinspireinspirationalinspirationally4.Completeeachsentenceusingthecorrectwordfromthetableyouhavejustcompleted.(1)Whileyouwererecitingthepoem,Ithinkyoumovedyourbodyvery.Itmadetheperformancemuchmoreinteresting.(2)AdIlayinthe,thewordsofanewpoemcameintomyhead.(3)Theteacherdoesn’tthinkthattheoftheTangpoemisverygood.(4)Songsareofteneasytorememberbecausetheyalotofpoetry.(5)YourtalkwassothatIwanttogoandwritelotsofpoetry.(6)Ilovedthestrongimagesyouusedinyourpoemtoconveyfeelingsof.(7)Wewereverybythestudents’performanceoftheirpoetry.(8)Wepassedtheafternoonveryreadingpoetrytogetherunderthetrees.(9)Mr.Tanner’sloveofpoetryhasthestudents’feelingstowardsthesubject.(10)Eventhoughitiscold,yourpoemaboutsummerhasmademefeelreally.Answers:\n(1)expressively(2)darkness(3)translation(4)repeat(5)inspirational(6)anger(7)impressed(8)enjoyably(9)transformed(10)warmStep3.Grammar1.PresentationPurpose:TorevisetheusageofthesubjunctivemoodwithSs.所述情况从句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+动词过去式主语+would/could/might/should+（be动词用were）动词原形与过去事实相反If+主语+动词过去完成式主语+would/could/might/should+have+过去分词与将来事实相反①if+主语+动词过去式主语+would/could/might/should+②if+主语+wereto+动词原形动词原形③if+主语+should+动词原形此表中需要注意几点：(1)be动词在表示与现在事实相反的从句中一般用were.在非正式情况先，第一、第三人称后偶尔也用was.如：Ifhewereyou,hewouldgoatonce.(2)主句中的should通常用于第一人称，would，could以及might可以用于各种人称。(3)在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中，只能用should，而不能用would,could,might等。如：Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.(shouldrain也可以用rained,weretorain代替)。(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间做相应的调整。如：Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.2.PracticePurpose:TogetSstohaveknowledgeofthegrammarthroughexercises.⑴Matchthebeginningofeachsentencewiththeappropriateending.\n①.Ifyousawapersonfourmetershigh,A.wewouldhavewon.②.IfRobhadn’tinjuredhimself,B.shewouldhavepassedtheexam.③.IfIwereyou,C.Iwouldloveyouforever.④.Ifshehadstudiedharder,D.I’dgotobedearlytonight.⑤.Ifyouwrotemebeautifulpoemseveryday,E.wouldyoubelieveyoureyes?SuggestedAnswers:①E②A③D④B⑤C⑵Completethesentencesusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.①.MissJiangexplainedthehomeworktotheclassyesterday.IfAlfred(pay)moreattentionatthetime,he(notmiss)herinstructions.②.I’msorry,Idon’thaveacompass.OfcourseI(lend)ittoyouifI(have)one.③.Lendoesn’tthinkhewilleverwinapoetrycompetition.If,bychance,he(win),he(spend)theprizeonacomputer.④.Luckily,JanetisgoodatwritinginEnglish.Ifshe(notwrite)well,she(spend)moretimepracticing.⑤.IfI(be)you,I(takeiteasy)andgohomeearly.⑥.Suemissedthepartylastnight.I’msurethatifshe(be)there,she(meet)somereallyinterestingpeople.SuggestedAnswers:①.hadpaid;wouldnothavemissed②.wouldlend;had③.won;wouldspend④.didn’twrite;wouldspend⑤.were;wouldtakeiteasy⑥.hadbeen;wouldhavemet⑶Lookattheexamples.SentenceAtellsustherealsituation.SentenceBtellsuswhatwouldhavehappenedifthesituationhadbeendifferent.NowwriteasentenceBforeachsentenceAbelow.A.Igotogymeveryday.B.IfIdidn’tgothegymeveryday,Iwouldputonweight.B.Hedidn’tworkhad.B.Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.\n①A.Shirleylikedtowritepoems,soshepracticedeveryday.B..②A.Shedidn’tknowhowtoconveyherfeelingseffectivelyinapoemandherolderbrotheroftenlaughather.B..③A.Shereadmanybeautifulpoemsandgraduallyherwritingskillsimproved.B..④A.Shewassosatisfiedwithherimprovementthatsheenteredapoeminapoetrycompetition.B..⑤A.Thepoemsheentereddidnothaveanappropriateendingandshedidnotwinfirstprize.B..⑥A.However,becauseshewonanencouragementaward,shefeltverypleasedwithherself.B..SuggestedAnswers:①IfShirleyhadn’tlikedtowritepoems,shewouldn’thavepracticedeveryday.②Ifshehadknownhowtoconveyherfeelingseffectivelyinapoem,herbrotherwouldn’thaveoftenlaughedather.③Ifshehadn’treadmanybeautifulpoems,herwritingwouldn’thavegraduallyimproved.④Ifshehadn’tbeensosatisfiedwithherimprovement,shewouldn’thaveenteredapoeminapoetrycompetition.⑤Ifthepoemsheenteredhadhadanappropriateending,shewouldhavewonthefirstprize.⑥Ifshehadn’twonanencouragementaward,shewouldn’tfeltpleasedwithherself.Step4.Usingstructures1.ShewouldhavewaitedforhimA.ifshesawasnake.2.ClarewouldbefrightenedB.ifhehadn’ttrippedover.3.IwouldhavebeenontimeC.iftheyhadthemoney.4.HewouldhavewontheraceD.ifhehadasked.Purpose:TogetSstoconsolidatewhatwehavelearnedintheclass.Matchthebeginningofeachsentencewiththecorrectending.\n5.TheywouldpainttheirhouseE.ifmymotherhadwokenmeup.SuggestedAnswers:1.D2.A3.E4.B5.CStep5.Homework.1.Reviewthenewwordsandphrases.2.Masterallthelanguagepointswehavelearntintheclass.WarmingUp,Pre-readingandReadingStep1LeadinShowapictureandask:1.Whowasshe?MonaLisa2.Whopaintedher?LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)3.Howlongdidittakehimtopaintit?Fouryears(1503-1506)\nStep2Discussion1.Arethereanypaintingsinyourhome?Whose?Whichstyle?2.Whoareyourfavoritepainters,fromChinaandfromothercountries?3.Doyouknowsomefamouspaintersandtheirworks?Listsome.(China--XuBeihong,QiBaishi,ZhangDaqian,FuBaoshi…LeonardoDaVinci,Picasso,VincentVanGogh,HenriMatisse,GiottodiBondone…)4.WhatdoyouthinkofthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenChineseandWesternpaintings?Chinesepaintings:realisticdetailedtraditionalnaturallinerichcolorful\nWesternpaintings:abstractnaturalreligiousimpressionistridiculousmoderncolorfulStep3Somepainters’information1.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)MonaLisa朝见圣子2.GiottodiBondone(TheMiddleAges)乔托·迪·邦多纳GiottowasrecognizedasthefirstgeniusofartintheItalianRenaissance.Hepaintedreligiousscenesinamorerealisticstyle.EscapetoEgypt3.Monet莫奈(1840-1926)(Impressionism)AFrenchpainterwhohelpedtostarttheImpressionistmovement.heisbestknownforhispaintingsofthecountrysideinwhichhetriedtoshowtheaffectsoflightbypaintingthesamepictureatdifferenttimesofdayorindifferenttypesofweather.花园中的女人吹笛少年4.VanGogh凡高(1853-1890)ADutchpainterwhowenttoliveinsouthernFranceandhelpedtodevelopedthestyleofPost-impressionism.Hispaintingstypicallyusebrightcolorsandhavethicklines.OneofthemostfamousonesisSunflowers.Heisalsoknownforbeingmentallyillandforcuttingoffoneofhisearsandlaterkillinghimself.Poorashewasduringhislife,hispaintingsarenowextremelyvaluableandsoldforveryhighprices.5.PabloPicasso(1881-1973)毕加索(Modernart)HewasbornonOctober25,1881inMalaga,Spain,asthesonofanartanddrawingteacher.Picassowasthegreatestartgeniusofthetwentiethcentury.毕加索的作品，最著名的是和平鸽，格尔尼卡，以及无数长着三只眼睛，几个乳房的怪人画，使他成为二十世纪最具争议，也最有影响的艺术家。即使看了说不出所以然的人也只有跟着全世界喝彩。要是遇到其他什么人画的看不懂的画时，就会说一句：“这是毕加索。”6.Matisse马蒂斯(1869-1954)AFrenchpainterandsculptorwhohelpedtodevelopfauvism（野兽派）asastyleofpainting.Hispaintingsaremostlyofordinaryplacesandobjects,buttheyarepurebrightcolorsandblacklines.奢华Step4Matchthewordswiththecorrectmeanings:[A][B]a.realistic1.accurate,minuteb.abstract2.stateorfactofexistingc.existence3.beinginthoughtbuthavingaphysicalorpracticalexistenced.detailed4.lifelike,truetolife\na.religious5.classical,ofoldbeliefsb.traditional6.sinceretobelieveinagodorgodsStep5Pre-readingGettheSstodiscussthequestionsinpre-readinginpairs.Thenchecktheanswerwiththewholeclass,iftheyhavenoidea,usethematerialspreviouslypreparedtolettheSshavesomeacquaintancewiththeknowledgeofartandartists.Step6ReadingTask1ScanningShowsomequestionsonthescreen.1.Whatweretheartistsinterestedinfrom5thto15thecenturyAD?2.HowdidMasaccio3.painthispaintings?4.Whydidtheimpressionistshavetopaintquickly.Task2ScanningLettheSsredthepassageagainandgetthemainideaofit.Thencompletethefollowingchartnotheirown.NamesofAgesTheMiddleAgesTheRenaissanceImpressionismTime5thto15thcentury15thto16thcenturyLate19thtoearly20thcentury20thcenturytotodayArtistGiottoDiBondoneMassaccioFeaturereligious,realisticperspective,realisticdetailed,ridiculousModernartControversial,abstract,realisticTask3ExplanationTherearesomany…thatitwouldbeimpossibleto…Thesentencemeansthattherearetoomanydifferentstylesof/westernarttointroduceinashortpassage.\nPeoplebecamemorefocusedon…andlesson…IttellusthatpeoplepaymoreattentiontohumansthanreligionIftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaint…Thesentencemeansthatpeoplediscoveredtherulesofperspective,sothattheypaintedsuchrealisticpictures.Step7ComprehendingAskthestudentstoreadthepassageagainanddealwithExercises.Step8Homework1.Underlinethetimeexpressioninthereadingpassage.2.Retellthepassagewiththehelpofthechartaboutthetext.3.DiscussthequestioninExercise3onpage3.Step9Homework1.Revisewhatyouhavelearnedinthisclass.2.Previewthenewlesson.Period2and3Listening,SpeakingandWritingTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言：重点词汇和短语Traditional,abstract,figurative,photography,dimensional,sculpture,pottery,woodcarving,clayfigures,papercutting重点句子Talkaboutlikesandpreferences:I’dprefer…I’drather…I’dlike…Whichwouldyouprefer…?Ireallyprefer…Wouldyourather…\nWouldyoulike…1.Abilitygoals能力目标EnabletheSstoexpresstheirlikesandpreference2.Learningabilitygoals学能目标HelptheSslearnhowtoexpresstheirlikesandpreferenceTeachingimportant&difficultpoints教学重难点TeachtheSshowtoexpresstheirlikesandpreferenceTeachingmethods教学方法Speaking;makingconversation;comparativemethodTeachingaids教具准备Acomputer,arecorderandsomeslidesTeachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方法Period4ListeningTeachingaims1.KnowledgeAims1).LettheSsknowaboutsomescientistsandtheirlifeandconditions.2).GettheSstolearntolearnhowtotalkaboutscientificwokandhowtodescribeaperson..2.AbilityAims1).TraintheSs’speakingabilitybydescribing,talkinganddiscussing.2).TraintheSs’listeningability.3.EmotionalAimsEncouragethestudentstolearnfromscientiststoshowinterestinscientificexplorationandresearch.TeachingImportantPoints1.TraintheSs’speakingabilitybydescribing,talkinganddiscussing.2.Helpthestudentstoimprovetheirlisteningability.TeachingDifficultiesTraintheSs’listeningability.TeachingAidsCAIequipmentwithamult-mediaclassroomandothernormalteachingtools.TeachingProcedureStepⅠGreeting&RevisionStepⅡListeningListenandanswerthequestionsinExercise1&2\nAnswers2:1John.2Susan.3HewantstoseetheexhibitionofChineseart.4Smallgalleries.5Itisbig,crowdedandtooexpensive.6Modernart.7TheFrickcollectionandtheMetropolitanMuseumonFridayandtheWhitneyandtheGuggenheimonSaturday.StepⅢDiscussionSofar,wehavelearnedsomeknowledgeabouttheart.Let'stalkabouthowtoexpresslikesandpreferences.Let'sseesomesentencestructures.Discussthequestionsonpage41Lookatsomesentencesstructures:I’dprefer…I’drather…I’dlike…Whichwouldyouprefer…?Ireallyprefer…Wouldyourather…?Wouldyoulike…orSampledialogue1S1:WhoareyourfavoriteChineseartists?S2:I’dprefertheChinesefamouspainterQiBaishi,whoisamasteroftraditionalChineserealisticpaintings.Heisgoodatcombiningtwokindsoftechniques:traditionalChineserealisticpaintingandfreehandbrushworkintraditionalChinesepainting.S1:Wouldyoulikeanywesternartists?S2:Yes,ofcourse.IprefertheItalianartistGiottodiBondone.Heiswell-knownforhisrediscoveryofthethirddimensionSampledialogue2S1:Whichstylewouldyouprefer,two–dimensionalorthree-dimensional?S2:Iprefertwo-dimensionalstyle.Myfavoriteartstyleisphotography.Myidealistobeaphotographer.Imagesandinformationcanbepresentedtothrillandinspirepeople.S1:I’dratherlikethreedimensionalstyle.IlikepotteryverymuchSampledialogue3S1:TherearemanykindsoffolkartsinChina,suchaspapercutting,kites,jadeandotherstonecarvings,etc.whatkindofChineseartdoyoulikebest?S2:Ienjoypapercuttingverymuch.Thecraftsusesimplematerials.S3:I’dratherlikeclayfigures.Chinesefolkartistsusesimpleandcheapmaterialstomakesmallanddelicatehandicraft.ClayfigurinemakingisauniquefolkhandicraftofChina.Task2:Dosomelisteningpracticeonpage44.Keys1Whataboutvisitingsomeartgalleries?3There’sevenasectiononChineseart.I’dliketoseethat.4Well,theFrickCollectionisquitesmall,andithasabeautifulgarden.\n4Ohno.It’stoobigandcrowded.5Modernart!Dowehaveto?I’mnotveryfondofthatstuff.Amonkeycouldhavepaintedbetterpicturesthansomeofthosepaintings.6Metropolitanstaysopenuntil8:45onFridayevenings.7...They‘requiteclosetogether.TheGuggenheimstaysopentilllateonSaturdays...2Listenagainandthenanswerthequestions.P413book1vase4wallhanging2paintsandbrushesP4121XiaoWei.2Itwastooexpensive.3MrsHangwouldprobablyhaveknownWhattogetMrWang.4Atfirsthelikedthebookbutlaterhethoughtthewallhangingwouldbethebest.5IthinktheywillprobablygetthewallhangingbecausetheothersseemtorespectWangPei’sopinion.Also,theyknowMrHanglikesthattypeofWallHanging.P44Listeningtask1discuss:Inwhatperioddoyouthinktheywere?2Listentothetape:Numbertheartworks1---6toshowtheorderinwhichZhangLintalksaboutthem.352614Learnnewwordspottery陶器Buddhism佛教Architecture建筑Brushstrokes绘画的技巧Typical典型的Technique技巧，手法AnswerkeyforEx.215000—3000BC2FirstcenturyADTangDynasty4YuanDynasty520thcentury620thcenturyKeyforEx41.Paintedpottery.2.Religioustheme,organizedsystemofdrawingfocusedontheuseofbrushstrokes.3.Thetraditionalstylethatispractisedeventodaywaswelldeveloped.Picturesofhumanfigures,animalsandeverydaylifewerepopularduringtheTangDynasty.4.Picturesofhumanfiguresandstilllifebecamepopular.Scenerydidnotlookrealisticwithaparticularpartofthesceneryenlarged/focusedon.5&6PaintershavebecomeinfluencedbyWesternart,bothabstractandrealisticartpainted.StepⅣSummaryandhomeworkAfterthoughts\nPeriod5and6Speaking&WritingTeachingAims:HelpandEnablethestudentslearnhowtotalkaboutenvironment.Helpthestudentslearnhowtowritealetteraskingforpermission.DifficultyandimportanceTeachthestudentslearnhowtowritealetteraskingforpermissionTeachingmethods:Fastreading;carefulreading;discussionTeachingaidsAcomputeraprojector,andarecorderTeachingProcedures&waysStepⅠReadingTaskHereisaletteronpage45fromagroupofstudentswhowouldliketomaketheirschoolmoreattractive.1Fastreading1.Whydotheybecomeworried?2.Whatdotheyhopetheheadmastertodofortheirproject?Carefulreading:supposeyouwerethepresidentofthehighschoolcouncilandyoureceivedtheletter.Preparetomakenotesforareportabouttheletter,fillingtheblanksonpage461Sometipsabouthowtomakenotes2Justwritedownsomekeywords3Usewordsorphrases4Omitthesmallwordslikeprepositions5Letterfrom6Askingfor_and7Reason8Theirplan:1239Workwillbedoneby:StepⅡSpeakingtask\nAsktheSstodiscusshowtoimprovetheenvironmentofourschoolinfours,thenspeakout.1A:plantingmoretrees,grassandflowers,abeautifulgarden,notpicktheflowersandstampthegrass2B:notthrowlitter,picktherubbish,throwitintoadustbin,collectwastepaperandbottlesforrecycling.3C:keeptheschoolyardorclassroomclean,notdrawpicturesonwalls,notcarvenamesonthetreesordesksandchairs4D:makeourschoolanon-smokingplaceInall,ifeveryonemakescontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.IfallChinesecareabouttheenvironment,I’msureChinawillbecomeoneofthemostbeautifulcountriesintheworldStepⅢWritingtask1Writealettertotheheadmasteroftheschoolaskingforpermissiontoimprovetheenvironmentoftheschool.Whilewriting,refertotheinstructionsinWRITINGTASK.2Asampleletter:DearMr.Wang,Asyouknow,ourschoolusedtolooklikeabeautifulgardenwithgreentreesandmanykindsofflowersinourschoolyardallyearround.Butgreatchangeshavetakenplacesinceachemicalworkwasbuiltnearourschooltwoyearsago.Itproducespoisonousgasesandpoursalargeamountofwastewaterintotheriver.Theterriblepollutionhasdonegreatharmtostudentsandteachersaswellastothesurroundings.It'stimeforustodosomethingtoprotectourschoolandpreventherfrombeingpolluted.First,wemustmakegreateffortstocleanuppollutedwaterandstopfurtherwaterpollution.Askthegovernmenttomaintainandimprovepresentfacilities,andconstructnewprojectwithhealth,safety,andprotectionoftheenvironmentasprimaryconcerns.Second,wemustinsistthatwaterpollutioncontrollawsbepassedandstrictlyenforced.Thisresponsibilityextendsalsotomembersofthegeneralpublicinoursurroundingcommunity.Animportantaspectofthisresponsibilityismakingongoingwaterquality.Thisisofsuchimportance,thatismustbegivenprecedenceoveroperatingproductivity.Finally,wecanalsoprotectourselvesagainstpollutedwater.Weshouldtakemeasurestocleanthepollutedwater.Tocooperatewithgovernment,industryandacademiaissupportingresearchandmaximizingbenefitsforthegeneralpublicinsafety,heathandenvironmentalmatters.Wehopeyouwillgiveusapermissiontocarryoutheprojectanddonate5,000yuanweneed.Andwealsorequireyoutomakeareporttoaskforthegovernment’srescue.Bydoingso,wewillbeabletoliveahealthierandhappierlife.Yourssincerely,LiuWei\nStepⅣHomework1Revisethecompositionandhanditintomorrow.2Revisethelanguagepointsfortomorrow’squiz.AfterthoughtsPeriod7GrammarandUsefulStructuresTeachingAims1.KnowledgeAimHelpthestudentstousethesubjunctivemoodcorrectlyindifferentsituations.2.AbilityAimTolearnthesubjunctivemoodfreelyandproperlyinspeakingandwriting.3.EmotionalAims1)Encouragethestudentslearnmoreaboutthegrammar.1)Helpthestudentstoformthegoodhabitinlearning.2)Encouragethestudentstodomoreexerciseconsolidatetheknowledge.TeachingImportantPointEnablethestudentstousethecorrectformofofthesubjunctivemoodTeachingDifficultPointToknowthedifferencesbetweentheattributiveandthepredicative.TeachingMethods:Summarizing,comparativemethod;practicingactivitiesTeachingAidsMulti-mediaclassroomandothernormalteachingtoolsTeachingProcedureStepⅠGreetingGreetthewholeclass.StepⅡDictationStepⅢHomeworkcheckingStepⅣGrammar虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；\n假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反I:虚拟条件句:1.虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be一般用were)，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形。Ifplaceswerealike,therewouldbelittleneedforgeographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。2.虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。Ifhehadknownyouraddressyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.3.虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用wereto/should+动词原形，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形。Ifheweretoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday4.省略if采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had,should,were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。Hadheworkedharder,hewouldhavegotthroughtheexams.Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.WereIinyourplace,Iwouldn’tdothat.5混合虚拟语气有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。Ifyouthatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepy.A.haven’twatchedB.didn’twatchC.hadn’twatchedD.wouldn’thavewatched答案选C。HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。Yourmathinstructorwouldhavebeenhappytogiveyouamake-upexaminationhadyougoneandexplainedthatyourparentswereillatthetime.该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式hadbeen。6.含蓄虚拟条件句\n含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：（1）介词或介词短语，如butfor,butthat,without,incaseof,undermorefavorablecondition等。Withouttheleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappytoday.=Iftherehadn’tbeentheleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappytoday.A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor答案选B。(2)连词，如：sothat,unless,incase,supposing,lest,provided(倘若……)，forfearthat(唯恐)，inorderthat,onconditionthat,ifonly(要是……就好了)等。Shelistenedcarefullyinorderthatshemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted.=ifshelistenedcarefully,shemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted.IfonlyIhadmoremoney,Icouldbuyacar.(注：lest,forfearthat和incase引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：Theforeignteacherspokeslowlyincasewemisunderstoodhim.这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。Caremustbetakeninusingthismethodlestoverflowshouldoccur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。II:wish后的that从句中:1.表示现在或将来的愿望,从句中过去式.IwishIknewhisaddress.IwishIwereyoung.2.表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望,从句用过去完成式或would,could,might+have+过去分词.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.IwishIcouldhavesleptlongerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.3.如果将wish改成wished,其后that从句中的动词形式不变.4.如果that从句中用would,一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求Iwishhewouldanswermyletter.Iwishpriceswouldcomedown.Iwishyouwouldhelpme.Iwishyouwouldstopaskingsillyquestions.StepⅤExercisesEx.1----4inusingstructuresonpage43.Thenchecktheanswers.PreparefortheListeningandTalkingonpage41.StepⅥHomeworkPreparefortheListeningandTalkingonpage41Afterthoughts\n