高中英语 模块一UNIT3讲解教案 牛津版 教案 10页

高中英语模块一UNIT3一、重要单词： 1.makemakeup编造；化妆makeout看出，辨认出；理解；填写，写出，拼凑makeupfor弥补bemadeupof(=consistof)由……组成makeupone’smind下定决心，打定主意2.stay/remainstayuplate熬夜stayyoung/healthy保持年轻/健康remain(tobe)veryweak任然很虚弱3.exercisetakemoreexercise多锻炼agoodformofexercise一个良好的训练形式doalotofexercisesinEnglishgrammar进行大量的英语语法练习domorning/eyeexercises做早操/眼保健操4.diediefrom……(pollutedair,overwork)死于（外因）dieof……(cancer,grief,hunger,anger)死于（内因）bedyingforsth/todosth.渴望做某事deadlydisease致命的疾病diehappy安乐死dieout绝种diedown（风力、声音等）渐渐消失，平息，变弱5.辨析：another同类的另一个，接可数名词单数或接数词加可数名词复数theother常用语one……theother……theothers（有范围的）其他的others（无范围的）其他的6.辨析：especially尤其（=particularly）particularly尤其（inparticular）；对……挑剔（beparticularlyabout）【注：particularinspring尤其在春天（不能用especially）】specially特别、专程（例如ataspecialprice）7.weigh[v.]weight[n.]weighty[adj.]putonweight增重loseweight减肥\nweightwokg重达两千克（不用被动语态）haveone’sluggageweighed给行李称过重8.agreeagreetodosth.同意做某事agreethat……同意……agreewithone’sideas/whatsb.does同意某人的观点/所做的事agreeto……(term,plan,proposal,suggestion,advice)同意/接受agreeon……在……上达成共识9.recover[v.]recovery[n.]recoverfrom……从……中恢复过recoveroneself恢复神智recoversth.from从中找回某物；重新获得10.matchmatchsb.insth.在某方面比得过某人match……=gowith和……相配agoodmatchfor对……来说很得体strikeamatch擦火柴11.辨析：damage毁坏，损害，损失，不如destroy严重，且一定程度上可恢复destroy（毁灭性的）破坏，程度很深harm对……有害（doharmto），暗示不良后果ruin破坏（美好的东西）（inruins变成废墟）12.worth值得做……beworthsth./doingsth.beworthyofbeingdonetobedonebeworthwhiledoing/todosth.13.dietgoondiets/adiet节食putsb.onadiet控制某人饮食14.每隔一天everyotherdayeverysecondday\neverytwodays15.consider[v]considersth./sb.as把……当做……considersth/dingsth/whattodo考虑take……intoconsideration/account把……考虑进去16.effect[n.]affect[v.]have/produceaneffecton……对……产生影响sideeffect副作用comeintoeffect生效bemuchaffectby……被感动17.riskriskdoingsth.冒险做某事at/take/runtheriskof……冒着……风险atrisk处境危险riskone’slife冒着生命危险18.marry[v.]marriage[n.]marryAtoB把A嫁给Bmarrysb.嫁给某人bemarriedtosb嫁给某人（表状态）beengagedtosb订婚beengagedinsth.忙于做某事bemarriedwell嫁给了有钱人19.offeroffertodosth.主动提出做……offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.向某人提供某物offersb.moneyfor给某人出钱买offersb.sth.formoney有偿地卖给某人某物20.waybytheway顺便说下ontheway在路上；即将发生intheway挡路inaway在某种程度上alltheway一路上noway没门21.troublehavetroubleindoingsth.做某事遇到麻烦takethegreattroubletodosth.不辞辛劳地做某事putsb.tothetroubleofdoingsth.给某人添麻烦；使某人为做某事而为难二、重点词组： 1.workouta.锻炼身体，做运动IwouldworkoutinthegymafterworkwhenIwasinNanjing.b.算出，计算Pleaseworkouttheanswer.c..解决，处理Don’tgetdown.Thingswillworkouteventually.\nd.计划，制定出Whenyoubegantowork，youmightworkoutapracticalscheme.workoutto/at总计达…Thebillworksoutto￡10.workonsth./doingsth.从事，致力于…Iworkedon(writing)thisarticleallnight.workonsb.todosth.劝说某人做某事Myparentsspentthewholeweekendworkingonmetogoonholidaywiththem.2.figureouta.算出；想出；解决Ittookmehourstofigureoutthosealgebraproblems.b.理解，将……弄明白Ican’tfigurehimout.figureonsth./doingsth.料想…，打算干…Ididn’tfigureonmeetingherthere3.ashameda.beashamedofsth./sb./doingsth./havingdonesth.由于（某人/某事/做了某事）而羞愧b.beashamedtodosth.耻于做某事，因觉得可耻而不做…c.beashamedtohavedonesth.由于做了某事而羞愧d.beashamedthat……羞于某事Hewasashamedofasking/havingasked/tohaveaskedsuchasimplequestion.Hewasashamedthathehadaskedsuchasimplequestion.4.prefer(1)prefer+名词　　——Wouldyoulikemeatorfish?——I'dprefermeat，please.(2)prefer+动名词Doyouprefercookingforyourselforeatinginarestaurant?(3)prefer+不定式Iprefertospendtheweekendathome.(4)prefersb.todosth.Theirfatherprefersthemtobehomeearly.(5)preferAtoB在本句型中，A与B是平行结构，可以是名词，也可以都是动名词。例如：Ipreferdogstocats.Ipreferwritingatermpapertotakinganexamination.(6)preferto+ratherthan1)本句型中，第一个不定式前面要加to，第二个不定式前面以不加to居多。\nHeprefertodieratherthanbecometraitor。2)ratherthan也可以置于句首。Ratherthanbuyacarofhisown,hepreferstorentone.3)than后也可用动名词：Iprefertostayathomeratherthango/goingtoseeafilm.4)prefertoratherthan中的rather也可以移到第一个不定式之前(preferrather…than)，这种用法多见于书面语。Hepreferredrathertotakethewholeblamehimselfthantoallowittofallontheinnocent.5)preferdoingAtodoingB与prefertodoAratherthandoB意义相同，Joeprefersskatingtoskiing./Joeprefertoskateratherthanski.6)prefer+that…(should)+do+…虚拟从句WouldyoupreferthatIcomeonMondayinsteadofonTuesday?Ipreferthatsomeoneelseshoulddothis.三、难点讲解 1.Dyingtobethin…. 这是个双关语，既可以理解成“差一点为瘦身而死”，也可以理解为“迫切希望瘦身”。Dying的本意是“快要死去的，而dyingtodo/be+adj或dyingfor+n则表示“迫切希望…..”。例如： Heisdyingtoseehishomelandagain.Sheisdyingforachancetobebackonthestage. 2.I’mtakingweight-losspillscalledFat-Less,whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere. medicine泛指药物，尤指内服药，表示“治疗…的药”时后面跟介词for:themedicineforcold。Pill药片、药丸,,表示“治疗…的药”时前面加定语：sleepingpills。drug药剂、麻醉药、毒品，drug(s)表示“治疗…的药”时和for/totreat连用。 3.Ithinkyoulookgreatasyouare. asyouare是状语从句意思是“以你本来的面目” as作连词的用法较复杂，可以表示“当….时候、因为、既然、相比、虽然，按照…做、象…一样、当做”，还可以用来指代上文中提到的事情以避免重复。作“虽然，尽管”,\n引导让步状语从句，这时从句常用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。eg；请看例句： Aloneasheis,hedoesnotfeellonely. Tryasyouwould,youcouldnotmakehimchangehismind. .Childasheis,heknowssomethingofelectricity.（注意在本句型中，作表语用的可数名词单数前不能加冠词a。）4.Somesportsareusuallydoneindoors,whileothersaredoneoutdoors. Indoor、outdoor是形容词，只能作定语使用;indoors/outdoors是副词，作地点状语。例如： Itisanindoorsport.Wecanplaythegameindoors. 【语法】 一、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 二、反意疑问句： 反义疑问句的形式：反意疑问句是附加在陈述句之后,对所陈述内容提出质疑或通过反问以强化陈述内容的一种疑问句。总体原则：如果陈述部分是肯定的,附加部分用否定形式,如果陈述部分是否定的,附加部分用肯定形式。附加部分的助动词和代词应与陈述部分一致。特殊情况小结：1.在由“祈使句+疑问部分”构成的反意疑问句中，疑问部分通常用willyouPassmethedictionary,willyou?Don’tdothatagain,willyou?说明：在含有let的祈使句后的反意疑问部分，如果let的宾语us包括听者（常写成let’s）时用shallwe；不包括听者（常写成letus）时用willyou。Let的宾语是me时,\n要根据意思用willyou或mayI。let的宾语是第三人称时用willyou。例如：Let’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Letusdoitbyourselves,willyou?Letmehavealookatyourphoto,willyou?Lethimspeakfirst,willyou?2.当陈述部分含有must时,要注意must的含义。表示"一定要,必须"时,反意疑问句附加部分用mustn't或needn't.Hemustworkhardatphysics,mustn'the?Youmustrenewthebook,needn'tyou?表示推测"一定是,必定是"时,反意疑问句附加部分有下列情况:A).当陈述部分有mustbe...时,反意疑问句附加部分用be的现在时态。Hemustbeverytired,isn'the?Hemustbeworkinghardattheoffice,isn'the?B).musthave+过去分词表示对过去的推测a).单纯表示对过去的推测,与现在无关,反意疑问句附加部分用过去式。b).表示对过去的推测且影响到现在或持续现在,反意疑问句附加部分用现在完成式Hemusthavecomeyesterday,didn'the?Hemusthavelivedhereatleasttenyears,hasn'the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforyears,haven'tyou?3．当陈述部分的主语为nothing,anything,everything等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语用it。Nothingcouldpreventhimfromgoingthere,couldit?如果陈述部分的主语为nobody,somebody,none,someone,noone,anyone,anybody,everyone等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语用they或he。Somebodytookmyumbrellaawayyesterday,didn’tthey/he?4.当陈述部分带有that从句作宾语时，反意疑问部分应与主句的主语和谓语一致。陈述部分是Ithink,Isuppose,Ibelieve时，反意疑问部分应与that从句的主语和谓语一致,但要注意否定转移。Hesaidhisfatherhadbeensenttohospital,didn’the?Ithinkhe’llcometohelpuswithourwork,won’the?Ibelieveyouhavemeteachotherbefore,haven’tyou?Idon’tthinkheisfitforthejob,ishe?\n5.在英语口语中，由neither…nor…,neitherof来连接主语时，反意疑问部分的主语用they。Neitherofthemknewhisaddress,didthey?如果陈述部分是Iam…，反意疑问部分用aren’tI。I’mlate,aren’tI?7.当陈述部分为感叹句时，反意疑问部分用否定形式，主语仍与感叹句的主语一致。Whatafinedaytoday,isn’tit?8.当陈述部分含有wish时，反意疑问部分的助动词用may。Iwishtouseyourdictionary,mayI?9.当陈述部分含有you’dbetter,you’dliketo时，反意疑问部分分别用hadn’tyou,wouldn’tyou。You’dbettertakehisadvice,hadn’tyou?You’dliketogototheparty,wouldn’tyou?10.当陈述部分是therebe句型时，反意疑问部分用bethere。Thereissomethingwrongwiththemachine,isn’tthere?Thereisnotimeleft,isthere?11.当陈述部分含有seldom,hardly,scarcely,no,never,rarely,few,little,nobody,nowhere等否定动词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定式。HehardlyspeaksEnglish,doeshe?Sheseldomlendshermoneytoothers,doseshe?12.当陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式、动名词或词组时，反意疑问部分的主语通常用it。Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?Tomasteraforeignlanguageisn’teasy,isit?Swimminginriversisagoodsport,isn’tit?14.如果陈述句部分含有un-,in-,im-,ir-,dis-等否定前缀构成的派生词时，该陈述句部分仍作肯定处理，疑问部分用否定形式。Hedislikeschicken,doesn’the？15.感叹句的反意疑问句附加部分用tobe的一般现在时的否定式。Whatfineweather,isn'tit?Howhardsheworks,isn'tshe?16.陈述部分含有need,dare的反意疑问句A).当need,dare为普通动词时,反意疑问句附加部分用助动词do的某种形式。Heneedshelp,doesn'the?\nB).当need,dare为情态动词时,反意疑问句附加部分用其本身。.Weneeddoitagain,needn'twe?Hedarenotsayso,darehe?17.当陈述部分有usedto...时,反意疑问句附加部分用didn't/usedn't/used+主语+not?Sheusedtovisitheruncleonholidays,didn'tshe?/usedn'tshe/usedshenot?18.当陈述部分有oughtto时,反意疑问句附加部分用ought或shouldWeoughttostartatonce,oughtn'twe?Weoughttostartatonce,shouldn'twe?19.当陈述部分谓语有wouldrather或wouldliketo时,反意疑问句附加部分用wouldn't+主语。Hewouldratherreadthetexttentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?You'dliketohavesomebananas,wouldn'tyou?巩固练习：1.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,________?　A.doIB.doyouC.isn’titD.isit2.Harrywouldn’tbecomeateacherifithadn’tbeenfortheholiday,____________?　A.wouldhe　B.hadit　C.woulditD.hadhe3.Noonelefthereyesterday,________?　A.didn’ttheyB.didtheyC.didn’toneD.didone4.YoumusthavebeentotheGreatWall,____________?　A.mustn’tyouB.haven’tyouC.aren’tyouD.mustyou5.Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,________?　A.doesn’titB.don’ttheyC.doesit　D.dothey6.Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,________?　A.mustn’ttheyB.haven’ttheyC.didn’ttheyD.mustthey7.There’snotmuchnewsintoday’snewspaper,________?　A.isn’titB.isit　C.isn’tthereD.isthere8.Theyneedourhelpbadlyatthemoment,________?A.needn’ttheyB.needtheyC.don’ttheyD.dothey\n9.Sheisunfitfortheposition,________?　A.issheB.isn’tshe　C.doesn’tsheD.doesshe10.IwishtovisitAmerica,________?　A.don’tIB.canI　C.mayID.mayyou11.Whatbeautifulflowers,________?　A.aren’ttheyB.aretheyC.isn’titD.isit12.You’dbettergoatonce,________?A.wouldn’tyouB.hadyou　C.hadn’tyouD.shouldyou