高中英语 Unit 3 A Healthy Life language points 教案 选修6 教案 10页

Unit3AHealthyLife一、基础词汇：1.香烟n.cigarette一包烟apackofcigarettes烟草n.tobacco烟草公司atobaccocompany2.酒，酒精n.alcohol→酒精的，含酒精的adj.alcoholic工作狂n.workaholic3.滥用；虐待n./vt.abuse酗酒alcoholabuse嗜毒drugabuseabuseone’spower/trust/confidence4.健康n.fitness健身中心fitnesscentre健康的adj./(形状尺寸等)合身v.fit保持健康keepfit5.性，性别n.sex→adj.sexual性健康sexualhealth同性恋homosexual6.压力，重音；强调n./vt.stress→adj.stressful/stressedlay/placestressonsb.intimeofstressbestressedgivestresstothesecondsyllablestresstheimportanceofImuststressthat….7.禁止；禁令n./vt.ban限塑令abanonplasticbagsbansb.fromdoingsth.8.欠款的；到期的；合适的adj.duebeduetodosthbedueforsth.由于（短语）dueto=owingto9.粗糙的，粗暴的adj.toughatoughgame/assignment/problem/journeytoughmeasures10.入了迷的，上瘾的adj.addicted对(做)某事上瘾beaddictedtosth./todoingsth.11.使习惯于vt.accustomaccustomoneselftosth/doingsthbe/get/becomeaccustomedtosth/doingsth12.撤回；退出；提款vt./vi.withdraw→n.withdrawal撤军withdrawthetroopswithdrawfrom…13.心情/心境/脾气n.temper脾气不好inabadtemper发脾气loseone’stemper忍住怒火keepone’stemper脾气不好的bad-tempered性情温和的sweet-tempered14.自动的adj.automaticanautomaticwashingmachine/rifledosth.automatically15.精神的，智力的adj.mental心理健康mentalhealth\nadv.mentallyHewasmentallydisturbed.他是个精神分裂患者。1.停止，离开vi./vt.quitIfyoudon’tgivemeapayrise,I’llquit/quitthisjob.2.效果；影响n.effecthaveaneffectonput/bringsthintoeffectcomeintoeffecttakeeffectineffect3.呼吸n.breathtakeabreathholdone’sbreathoutofbreath=breathless4.强壮的adj.strong→强烈地adv.strongly→力量，力气n.strength→加强，巩固vt.strengthen5.放松vt.relaxrelaxoneselfadj.relaxed/relaxing放松n.relaxation6.失望n.disappointment令某人失望的是toone’sdisappointmentindisappointment7.虚弱的，软弱的adj.weakn.weaknessvi./vt.weakenweakenone’sfaithin8.惭愧的，害羞的，羞耻的adj.ashamedbeashamedtodosth./ofdoingsth.可耻的不道德的adj.shameful羞耻，惭愧；耻辱；令人遗憾的事n.shame9.尽管inspiteof=despite=regardlessofinspiteofthefactthat=though10.冒险；风险vt./n.riskriskdoingsth.riskone’slifetodosth.run/face/attheriskofdoingsth.atrisk11.合法的，法律的adj.legaladv.legally违法的adj.illegaladv.illegally12.生存，幸免于难vi./vt.surviven.survival在地震中幸存survivetheearthquakev.→n.arrive—arrivalwithdraw—withdrawalrefuse—refusalpropose—proposaldispose—disposalremove—removal13.注射vt.injectinjectone’sleg/armn.injection14.偏见n.prejudiceaprejudiceagainstmodernmusic种族偏见racialprejudice15.使窘迫，使尴尬vt.embarrass→adj.embarrassed/embarrassingn.embarrassment16.局促不安的，笨拙的adj.awkwardfeelawkwardbeawkwardwith二、精讲词汇\nlstressn.（精神或物理）压力，强调，重音lay/put/placestressonsth.强调，着重于vt.强调Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstress.精神压力Weworkedonpronunciations,stressandintonation.重音ImuststressthateverythingItoldyouisstrictlyconfidential.强调（v.）Ithinkthecompanyhasplacestoomuchstressoncostandnotonquality.强调（n.）Whenyouhaveaninjuryyoustartputtingstressonotherpartsofthebody.（物理）压力【拓展】intimesofstress在紧张的时候stressfuladj.压力重的，紧张的stressedadj.焦虑不安的，心力交萃的lDoyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?banvt.(banned,banned)禁止，取缔toforbidsth.officially;toforbidsb.todosth.officiallybansth.Westartedacampaigntobanchemicalweapons.bansb.from(doing)sth.Hewasbannedfromdrivingforsixmonths.bann.禁令Thereistobeatotalbanonplayingcomputergamesintheofficeduringworkhours.【区别】ban/forbidbanbansth.\n(banned,banned)来自法律或者社会舆论、道德的压力，尤指官方命令，常含“严厉谴责”之意。bansb.from(doing)sth.forbid(forbad,forbidden)常用词，指权威者（可以是个人，如家长、主人、雇主、医生，可以是国家或政府机关）的禁止或不允许forbidsb.todosth.forbiddoing【练习】a)Wearebannedfromdrinkingalcoholduringworkinghours.b)Thedoctorforbadhimtosmoke.lIthinkmylongandactivelifemustbeduetothehealthylifeIlive.dueadj.欠款的，预定的，到期的（不置于名词前）；合适的（只位于名词前）Theband’sfirstalbumisdueforreleaselaterthismonth.预定的Thenexttrainisdueinfiveminutes.预定的PaymentisdueonOctober22,2010.到期的Afterdueconsideration,wedecidedtoappointMr.Smithtothejob.合适的dueto由于，因为（不能置于句首，在句中做定语、表语或状语）Thedelaywasduetoheavytraffic.延误时由于车辆太多造成的。Latershewasreleasedduetopoorhealth.不久她由于身体很差而被释放了。Mistakesduetocarelessnessmayhaveseriousconsequences.由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。【相关搭配】beduetodo预期做某事，预定要做某事beduetosth./sb./doingsth.归因于……，欠某人……bedueforsth.应有，应得到这个队的成功在很大程度上是她努力的结果。Theteam’ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts.Rose一月份就要开始上学了。RoseisduetostartschoolinJanuary.她很快该晋升了。Sheisdueforpromotionsoon.\nlYousee,duringadolescenceIalsosmokedandbecameaddictedtocigarette.beaddictedto(doing)sth.对（做）某事入迷/上瘾Hewasaddictedtofootball.Ifthisisthecase,peopleaddictedtoshoppingshouldgotoasupportgrouptohelpthembreakthishabit.【拓展】addictn.瘾君子，对……成瘾的人aworkaddict/workaholic工作狂addictionn.瘾，入迷，嗜好Heisnowfightinghisaddictiontoalcohol.addictiveadj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的Ifindjoggingaddictive.lThismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.Hefounditdifficulttoaccustomhimselftogettingupearly.beaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于（做）某事Iamaccustomedtohumblefare.我习惯了粗茶淡饭。Myeyesslowlygrewaccustomedtothedark.我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。Shewasapersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours’sleepatnight.她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。accustomoneself/sb.tosth.使某人习惯于……accustomoneselftoanewjob适应新工作accustomedadj.惯常的，习惯了的Hesatinhisaccustomedseatbythefire.他在炉火边惯常坐的座位上坐了下来。lSowhenthedrugleavesyourbody,yougetwithdrawalsymptoms.withdrawaln.撤走，收回；退出；取钱，提款；脱瘾过程，戒毒过程withdrawvt.撤回，撤离；退出；提款，取钱；【练习】I'dliketowithdraw1000dollarsfrommysavingsaccount.我想从我的储蓄账户上提取1000美元。\nIwanttowithdrawastatementImadeearlier.我想收回我早些时候发表的一项声明。Thegeneraldecidedtowithdrawhissoldiers.那位将军决定撤军。Youcanmakewithdrawalsofupto$250aday.你一天可以提取最多不超过250美元。Hechangedhismindandwithdrewallhisinvitations.他改变了决定并撤销了所有的邀请。lWhenIwasyoung,Ididn’tknowmuchabouttheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.effectn.[C]/[U]结果，效力，作用，影响However,theyhavesideeffects,whichwilldamageyourhealth.然而它们有副作用，对你的健康有害。Manyteachersworriedabouttheeffectsoftelevisiononyoungpeople.许多教师担心电视对年轻人的影响。lhaveaneffecton/upon对……产生影响，对……起作用Earlypeoplehadverylittleeffectontheenvironment.早期人类对环境没有多少影响。ThisexperiencehadaprofoundeffectonTom.这次经历对Tom产生了巨大的影响。lbring/putsth.intoeffect使生效，实行，实施lcomeintoeffect生效，开始实施Anewsystemoftaxationwillcome/bebrought/beputintoeffectnextMay.新的税收体系将会在明年五月生效。lineffect实际上，事实上；在实施中，有效Theselawsareineffectintwentystates.这些法律在20个州有效。Hiswifehad,ineffect,runthegovernmentforthepastsixmonths.事实上，在过去的六个月中他妻子在执政。【辨析】effect/influence/affect/effort词词性及词义例句effectn.影响，效果1Thedrughasanimmediateeffectonthepain.2Thegovernment’sactionhadnoeffectonthetradeimbalance.influencen./vt.影响1Theinfluenceoftelevisiononmodernlife.\n2Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyscience.affectv.影响Theslightchangeoftheweathercanaffectherhealth.effortn.努力，气力Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.lDecideonadaytoquit.decideon决定，选定(tochoosesomethingfromanumberofpossibilities)We’restilltryingtodecideonavenue.We’vedecidedonParisforournextholiday.lIfyoufeeldesperate,youmightliketotalkaboutyourproblems,orjoinastop-smokinggroup.desperateadj.1)绝望的，危急的Iwassodesperateonhearingthat.Oliver,whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery,rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand.2)不顾一切的，拼死的，铤而走险的，孤注一掷的Hisfailuremadehimdesperate.3)极度渴望的“I’mdesperatetohaveachildofmyown.”Shesaid.Themanlostinthedesertwasdesperateforwater.Iwasdesperatetoseeher.【拓展】desperatelyadv.desperationn.绝望，拼命indesperation绝望地lIfyouweakenandhaveacigarette,donotfeelashamed.ashamedadj.（表语形容词，可接不定式或从句）惭愧的，害羞的，羞耻的Yououghttobeashamedofyourself/ofyourbehavior/ofhavingliedtoyourfriend.\nIfeelashamedthatIhavebeensolucky.真有点不好意思，我太幸运了。Thefootballriots(骚乱)mademeashamedtobeEnglish.足球骚乱事件使我身为英国人汗颜得无地自容。I’mashamedtosaythatIliedtoher.我真不好意思说我对她撒了谎。【拓展】shamen.[U]羞耻，惭愧；耻辱；[C]令人遗憾的事Hisfaceburnedwithshame.他的脸因羞愧而发烫。Haveyounoshame?你就不知道羞耻吗？Whatashametheycouldn’tcome.他们不能来真是遗憾。Thereisnoshameinwantingtobesuccessful.有抱负不是什么丢脸的事。Shameonyou!（用于责备）真丢人！真不害臊！shamefuladj.可耻的，不道德的，丢脸的ashamefulsecret/thought可耻的秘密/思想lInspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.引导让步状语表示“尽管……”含义：连词：although/though/as/whileAlthough/Thoughshewastired,shestayeduptowatchthelatenightfilmontelevision.Tryas/thoughIwould,Icouldn’tpersuadehimtochangehismind.(as引导常倒装)WhileIamwillingtohelp,Idon’thavemuchtimeavailable.(while表此含义置于句首)介词：despite/inspiteofHervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.Despiteapplyingforhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.Shewasgoodatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.Inspiteofhisage,hestillleadsanactivelife.EnglishbecametheofficiallanguageforbusinessinspiteofthefactthatthepopulationwaslargelyChinese.lHefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.riskn.危险，风险\ntakerisks/takearisk冒险That’sariskI’mwillingtotake.我愿意冒险。Youhavenorighttotakeriskswithotherpeople’slives.你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。atrisk有危险，冒风险Aswithalldiseases,certaingroupswillbemoreatriskthanothers.所有的疾病都是如此，一些人比另一些人更容易受到威胁。Ifwegotowar,innocentliveswillbeputatrisk.如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命就会受到威胁。atallrisks无论冒什么风险worththerisk值得冒险Wecouldprobablytrustherwiththeinformationbutit’sjustnotworththerisk.我们也许可以将消息托付给她，但是实在不值得去担这样的风险。riskv.使……冒风险，冒……风险Heriskedhislifetosavethechild.他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。Theyknewtheyriskedbeingarrested.他们知道他们冒着被逮捕的危险。lOfcoursethebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottogetintothehabitinthefirstplace!【练习】判断下列句子中getinto的含义a)Ican’tgetintotheseshoes–theyaretoosmall.(指费力地穿上)b)What’sthebestwaytogetintojournalism?(开始从事某职业)c)togetintoafight/anargument(参与)d)Don’tletyourselfgetintobadhabits.(养成某种习惯)e)Howdidshegetintodrugs?(染上……)f)Hegotintotroublewiththepolicewhilehewasstillatschool.(陷入，处于)lThensheofferedmeacigaretteandIfeltsoembarrassedandawkward.A.embarrassedadj.（尤其指社交场合）尴尬的，窘迫的\nembarrassingadj.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的embarrassmentn.尴尬，窘迫，难堪embarrassvt.（尤指社交场合）使……尴尬，使……难堪；使……为难A.awkwardadj.判断下列句中awkward的含义Therewasanawkwardsilence.(尴尬的)Don’taskawkwardquestions.(难对付的，难应付的)HaveIcomeatanawkwardtime?(不方便的)Hetriedtodance,buthewastooclumsyandawkward.(难看，不优美)Thechildfeelsawkwardwithstrangers.(不自在)【拓展】awkwardlyadv.awkwardnessn.【辨析】awesome令人惊讶的，很困难的Theyhadanawesometaskahead.很棒的，很好玩的，了不起的Heyguys!IjustboughtthisawesomenewCD!awful讨厌的；可怕的That’sanawfulcolor!