高中英语 语法名词性从句教案 新人教版必修3 教案 5页

高一英语语法（名词性从句）一、概述在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。二、名词性从句的引导词1、连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever等2、连接副词：when,where,why,how3、从属连词:that,whether,if,asif,because(asif,because只引导表语从句)连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句中用陈述语序。三、主语从句1、主语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that,whether引导。Thatyoudon’tlikehimhasnothingtodowithme.____________________________________________(约翰是否会做这个实验)remainsaquestion.Whowillbesentabroadtofurtherhisstudiesisnotannounced._____________________________(使我大为惊讶的)wasthatsuchalittlegirlcanplaytheviolinsowell._________________________________(她是否会告诉我真相)isnotknownyet.______________________________________________(她如何设法在这么短的时间内完成这篇作文)isstillamystery.2、当主语过长时，常常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句放在主句后面。常用句型有：1)It+be+形容词（true,possible,certain,likely,surprising,strange,important…）+that从句It’scertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.It’slikelythathewilltellmeeverythingaboutthatnight.It’sstrangethatheshouldspeaktohismotherinsuchaway.\n1)It+be+名词词组（nowonder,anhonor,apity,hightime等）+that从句It’sapitythathecan’tcome.It’shightimethatyouturnedinyourhomework.2)It+be+过去分词（said,reported,expected,supposed等）+that从句It’ssaidthatheisquiteself-confident.It’sreportedthataletterfromtheuniversityhasreachedhim.3)It+seem/happen/lookasif等+that从句tItseemsthatAliceisnotcoming.IthappenedthatIwasawitnesstotheaccident.4)It+doesn’tmatter(makenodifference)+wh-Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouknowmynameornot.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhereweshallhavethemeeting.四、表语从句表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that,whether,asif,because引导Theimpressionhemakesonmeis________________________(他是个可靠的人。)Thequestionis______________________(我们是否能信任他)That’s____________________________(正是我们所担心的)Thatis____________________(他出生的地方)Thereason____________________(她这么成功)is_____________________（她既聪明又勤奋）Myangerisbecauseheoftentelllies.五、宾语从句1）、宾语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that,whether,if引导。可做及物动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语或形容词(happy,sure,afraid)的宾语。Weallknow______________________________________(中国在08年奥运会上获的金牌最多)Italldependson________________________________________(他们是否会支持我们)\nIwanttoknow___________________________（有多少人参加了这次比赛）Iamafraid_______________________(他们队会赢得这场比赛)2）、在make,find,see,consider等后+it作形式宾语，如：Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.3）、that从句可作except，but，in介词的宾语Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheisalittlebitcareless.Hediffersfromhisclassmatesinthathedevoteshissparetimetoreading.4）、其他一些词后常要用it先行一步再接宾语从句：dependonitthat…seetoitthat…appreciateitthat…hate/like/dislikeitwhen…Youcandependonitthattheywillsupportyou.Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.Pleaseseetoitthatthedoorarelocked.5）、doubt一词肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句，在疑问句和否定句中只能用that引导Idoubtwhetherreallyunderstandme.Idon’tdoubtthathewillcomeontime.Doyoudoubtthathewillcomeontime?六、同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。这些名词有：fact,news,message,doubt,possibility,idea,reason,belief,suggestion等。Thereisnodoubt_____________________________(汽车的价格会下降)Theproblem_____________________________(我们是否应该继续这个实验)hasbeensolved.Thequestion____________________________(谁该获这个奖)requires\nconsideration.Ihavenoidea________________________________(我应该选哪一个)七、注意点1.同位语从句和定于从句的区别：①同位语从句是队前面的名词补充说明；定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰限定作用。②同位语从句中的that只起连接作用，不担任句子成分，不可以省略；定语从句中的that除了起引导作用外还在定于从句中担任主语或宾语或表语，任宾语时可以省略。区别：Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavysnowiscoming.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.whether和if的区别①在宾语从句中可互换，但当宾语从句是否定时只用ifHeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmyhomework.②在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether③当与ornot联用时只能用whether④在动词不定式前面只能用whetherTheyhaven’tdecidedwhethertogo.⑤在介词后只能用whetherItdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.3.特殊动词及其名词用于名词性从句中时要虚拟（shoulddo）insist;order,command;suggest,advise,recommend;demand,require,request,ask这些词及其名词出现在名词性从句中时一定要虚拟。Wesuggestedthatweshouldhaveameeting.Whatheinsistedisthatheshouldgowithus.Thedoctor’sorderisthatsheshouldstayinbedforafewdays.4.that不能省的情况①that引导主语从句表语从句同位语从句不能省。②由and连接两个宾语从句时，第二个that不可再省。\n1.wh-ever和nomatterwh-的用法区别名词性从句中只能用wh-ever;状语从句中两者可以互换使用。Whateveryoudoissatisfying.Whateveryoudo,Iwillnotforgiveyou.2.what在名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语或表语，常常填入what.what=allthat