高中英语教案(人教版必修3) 68页

高中英语教案（人教版必修3）Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld，(单元教学目标技能目标Goals?Talkaboutfestivalsandcelebrations?Talkaboutthewaystoexpressrequestandthanks?LearntouseModalverbs?WriteasimilarstorywithadifferentendingII(目标语言Talkaboutfestivals:*Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportantevents.功*What?syourfavoriteholidayoftheyear?能*Whatfestivalsorcelebrationsdoyouenjoyinyourcityortown?句*Doyoulikespendingfestivalswithyourfamilyorwithyourfriends?式*Whatpartofafestivaldoyoulikebest——themusic,thethingstosee,thevisitorthefood?*Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkindsareheldeverywhere.*Theylitfiresandmademusicbecausetheythoughtthesefestivalswouldbringayearofplenty.*Somefestivalsareheldtohonorthedeadorsatisfyandpleasethe\nancestors.*Festivalscanbeheldasanhonortofamouspeopleorthegods.*Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.*Festivalsletusenjoylife,beproudofourcustomsandforgetourdailylifeforalittlewhile.Request:Could/Wouldyouplease...?CouldIhave...?Couldwelookat...?Ilookforwardto....MayIsee...?ThanksIt?sverykindofyou...Thankyouverymuch/Thanksalot.I?dloveto.Itwasapleasure...Don?tmentionit.Youaremostwelcome.1.四会词汇starve,plenty,satisfy,ancestor,lamp,lead,feast,bone,origin,trick,poet,\narrival,national,gain,independence,gather,agricultural,European,custom,award,award,watermelon,handsome,rooster,admire,energetic,forward,Easter,clothing,religious,social,Christian,daily,permission,possibility,词fool,apologize,drown,sadness,obvious,wipe,lovely,couple,weep,announcer,forgive汇2.认读词汇Obon,incense,skull,Halloween,carnival,lunar,parade,Jesus,cherry,blossom,Trinidad,Valentine,weave,herd,theMilkyWay,magpie3.固定词组takeplace,inmemoryof,dressup,playatrick,lookforwardto,dayandnight,asthough,havefunwith,turnup,keepone?sword,holdone?sbreath4.重点词汇starve,satisfy,lead,gather,admire,apologize,drown,wipe,weep,forgiveModalverbs:may/might,can/could,will/would,shall/should,must/can\n?Theylitfiresandmademusicbecausetheythoughtthesefestivalswouldbringayearofplenty.P1语?Somefestivalsareheldtohonorthedead,orsatisfyandpleasetheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.P2法?Festivalscanbeheldasanhonortofamouspeopleorthegods.1.Discusswhentheytakeplace,whattheycelebrateandonethatpeopledoatthattime.P12.Theylitfiresandmademusicbecausetheythoughtthesefestivalswouldbringayearofplenty.P1重3.Somefestivalsareheldtohonorthedead,orsatisfyandpleasethe点ancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.P2句4.Theylightlampsandplaymusicbecausetheythinkthatthiswillleadthe子ancestorstoearth.P25.ThefestivalofHalloweenhaditsoriginasaneventinmemoryofthedead.P26.Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardto\ntheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.P27.Theymightincludeparades,dancinginthestreetsdayandnight,loudmusicandcolorfulclothingofallkinds.P28.Theteachersaidthatwecouldnotleaveearly.(permission)P59.Thehuntersarelost.Theycouldstarve.(possibility)P510.ItwasValentine?sDayandHuJinhadsaidshewouldmeethimatthecoffeeshopafterwork.P711.Shesaidshewouldbethereatseveno?clock,andhethoughtshewouldkeepherword.P712."Idon?twantthemtoremindmeofher."Sohedid.P7III.教材分析与教材重组1.教材分析本单元以节日为话题，介绍古今中外节日的种类、由来、意义以及人们的活动和习俗，旨在通过本单元的学习使学生不但了解我国的节日，而且对外国的节日也有所了解，进而拓展社会文化背景、增加跨国文化知识;使学生复习和巩固运用请求和感谢的表达法，掌握情态动词的用法;并尝试根据阅读的文章写一个不同的结局，能表达自己的观点和想法。\n1.1WarmingUp旨在通过表格引导学生讨论并列举出五个我国节日的日期、庆祝内容和民俗。可以刚刚过去的春节为话题导入对节日的讨论;使他们由自己的经历谈起，扩展到别的节日以及外国的重要节日，激发学生的兴趣，激活他们关于节日的背景知识，为本单元的学习做准备。1.2Pre-reading是Reading的热身活动。主要通过两个问题引导学生思考并讨论自己最喜欢的节日及欢度方式，进而了解学生对节日的认识，以便为阅读作好铺垫。1.3Reading的五篇小短文分别介绍古代节日、亡灵节、纪念名人的节日、丰收节、春天的节日等，使学生了解各种节日的由来及其存在的意义。此部分载有Festivals的重要信息，还呈现了大量的词汇和主要的语法---情态动词的用法。处理时应作为重点、整体处理，通过上下文来教词汇、语法，并引导学生分析长句、难句和复杂句。1.4Comprehending是考察对阅读内容的进一步理解。练习一:六个问题让学生对文章内容有浅层理解并考察课文细节，但又不能仅仅拘泥于课文，要引导学生理解课文内容的基础上联系现实生活。练习二:要求学生讨论哪些节日是最重要的，哪些是最有趣的，以表格的形式检查学生对所读节日的理解，并训练他们举一反三的归纳和推理能力。练习三:要求学生找出各种节日共有的三件事，然后讨论为什么这些事对各地的人们都很重要。这就要求学生不仅要温习文章内容而且要结合实际，阐述自己的想法，挖掘学生的思维能力和语言表达能力。1.5LearningaboutLanguage分词汇和语法两部分。其中Discoveringuseful\nwordsandexpressions是本单元单词的英文释义练习和用文章中的词汇的适当形式填空;Discoveringusefulstructures是以文章内容为载体在语境中练习语法，掌握情态动词。由此可以看出本教材已明显地由结构为特征的传统语法训练转变到以交际功能为特征的功能语法训练，充分体现了新教材话题、功能、结构相结合的特点。1.6UsingLanguage是英语听说读写的全面运用的练习。1.6?Listening是课文的延伸，通过听几位学生参加TrinidadCarnival节日游行的两段对话，使学生体会参加节日游行的真实情景，既训练听力一通过问题训练了他们的分析能力。1.6?Speaking分为两部分。第一部分通过电话突出交际用语功能的训练;第一部分让学生编对话，可以按自己的想象、经历为内容，训练思维和表达能力。1.6?Reading是发生在情人节的一个令人伤心的爱情故事，其中又插入了一个“七巧节”的故事。阅读后的讨论不仅帮助学生理解文章主旨大意，更重要的是让学生学会寻求解决问题的方法。1.6?Writing的任务是写一个与文章结尾不同的结局。旨在让学生通过思考写出自己的想法，尝试自己解决问题。总之，通过本单元的系统学习，让学生了解世界各国的节日及民俗，学习有关节日的词汇，并能够丰富语言知识，提升用英语表达观点的能力。2.教材重组\n2.1口语从话题内容和功能上分析WarmingUp与Workbook中的Listening和Talking相一致，旨在启发学生讨论、思考并引出本单元关于节日的话题，可以整和成一节任务型“口语课”。2.2精读可将Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending三个活动整和成一节“阅读课”。2.3语言学习将LearningaboutLanguage与Workbook中的Usingwords&&expressionsUsingstructures结合在一起，上一节“语言学习课”。2.4听力可将Usinglanguage中的Listening与Workbook中Listening和Listeningtask放在同一节课中处理，上一堂"听力课"。(Usinglanguage中的Speaking可视听力时间而定，可课上处理亦可留做课下作业下堂课提问。)2.5.泛读可将UsingLanguage中的Reading&&Writing和Workbook中的ReadingTask上成一节"泛读课"。2.6复习、写作可将Workbook中的SpeakingTask和WritingTask上成一节复习写作课。(Workbook中的Project&&checkingyourself,可视学生水平安排在本堂课或留做作业。)3.课型设计与课时分配(经分析教材,本单元可以用六课时教完。)1stperiodSpeaking2ndperiodReading3rdperiodLearningaboutLanguage4thperiodListening5thperiodExtensiveReading6thperiodWriting&&ConsolidationIV.分课时教案\nTheFirstPeriodSpeakingTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.重点词汇和短语takeplace,lunar,festivals,ArmyDay,Christmas,dressupb.交际用语Expressone?sopinion:Inmyopinion,...Ibelieve...Ithinkthat...Expressionsusedintheshops:Wouldyoulike...?CouldIhave...?MightIofferhelp...?MayIsee...?Youshouldtry...?Couldwelookat...?Canyousuggest...?Wemighttake...?2.能力目标EnablethestudentstotalkaboutChinesefestivalsandcustomsinEnglishandgettoknowsomeinformationaboutforeignfestivals.3.学能目标EnablethestudentstolearnhowtotalkaboutChinesefestivalsandcustoms.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点及难点HowtotalkabouttheChinesefestivalsandsocialcustomsatfestivalsandhowtoofferandrequesttheitemsyouneedinshops.Teachingmethods教学方法Elicitation,discussion,listening,pairwork.Teachingaid教具准备\nAcomputer,aprojectorandataperecorderTeachingprocedures&&ways教学过程与方法StepILeadinginT:Hello,everybody!Welcomebacktoschool!Didyouhaveagoodtimeinyourwinterholidays?Ss:Yes.Ofcourse!T:Whendidyoufeelmosthappyandexcited?Ss:AttheSpringFestival.T:Whocantelluswhy?Volunteers!S1:Becauseit?sthemostimportantfestivalinourcountry.S2:BecauseIgotmuchluckymoneyfrommyparents,grandparentsandmyrelatives.S3:BecauseIneedn?tstudyatfestivalsandtherewaslotsofdeliciousfoodtoeat.Howgreat!S4:BecauseImetmycousinsandoldfriendswhoIhadn?tseenforalongtimeandwehadaverygoodtimetogether.T:Excellentwork!Iamgladtohearthat.Nowlet?stalkaboutFESTIVALS,whicharemeanttocelebrateimportantevents.PleasethinkaboutotherChinesefestivals.S1:NewYear(January1st),YuanXiaoFestival(15daysaftertheSpringFestival).T:Quiteright.That?stheLanternFestival.It?sthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.WhatdoyouusuallydoontheLanternFestival?\nS2:WeeatspecialsweetdumplingscalledYuanXiaoandenjoydisplayedlanterns.S3:Andweenjoybeautifulfireworks,too.T:Youhavedoneagoodjob.Whataretheotherfestivals?S4:InternationalWomen?sDay.ItwasonMarch8.S5:ArborDayonMarch12th.S6:InternationalLaborDayandChineseYouthDay.S7:InternationalChildren?sDay.T:Yes.Verygood.Nextone?S8:ArmyDayisonAugust1standTeachers?DayisonSeptember10th.S9:NationalDayonOctober1st.T:Excellentwork!Thoseareallthelegalholidaysinourcountry.Doyouknowourtraditionalfestivals?Listsomeofthem,please.Sa:ThemostimportantoneistheSpringFestival.T:Yes.It?salsocalledLunarNewYear.Anythingelse?Sb:QingmingFestivalinmemoryofthedeadortheheroesonAprilthefifth.T:It?scalledTombSweepingFestival.Anotherone?Sc:DragonBoatFestivalonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthinmemoryofthegreatpoet—QuYuan.\nSd:Mid-AutumnFestivalonthefifthdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.T:You?vedoneagoodjob,boysandgirls!Youhavenamedmanyfestivals.I?mproudofyouforyouaresowell-informed.StepIIWarmingupT:LookatthescreenandI?llshowyouatableandsomepictures:FestivalsDateFestivalsDateNewYearJanuary1stTeachers?DaySeptember10thInternationalMarch8NationalDayOctober1stWomen?sDayArborDayMarch12ththeSpringLunarNewYearFestivalInternationalLaborMay1stPureBrightnessAprilthefifthDayDayChineseYouthDayMay4th.DragonBoatthefifthdayoftheFestivalfifthlunarmonthInternationalJune1stMid-Autumnthe5thdayoftheChildren?sFestival8thlunarmonthDayArmyDayAugust1stLanternthe15dayoftheFestival1stlunarmonth\nT:Whatcanyougetfromthetableandthepictures?Ss:Chinesefestivals.T:Openyourbooksandturntopageone.WorkinpairsanddiscussanotherfourChinesefestivals:whatpeoplecelebrateandwhatpeopledo.Thefirstoneisgiventoyouasanexample.Threeminutesforfreetalk,thenasksomestudentstosharetheiropinionswiththewholeclass.Suggestedanswers:FestivalsDateWhatdoesitWhatdopeopledo?celebrate?theSpringFestivalThe1stdayoftheThecomingofVisitrelatives;have1stLunarmonthspringabigmeal;displaySpringFestivalcoupletsandpicturesInternationalMay1stThehard-workingTakingaweekoffLaborDaypeoplealloverthework;visitscenicworldspots;goshoppingLanternFestivalthefifteenthThefirstfullmoonEatspecialsweetdayofthefirstafterLunarNewdumplings-yuanxiaolunarmonthYearenjoylanterns&fireworksTheDragonthe5thdayoftheinmemoryofQuDragonboatracing,\nBoatFestival5thlunarmonthYuan,agreatpoeteatingzongzianddrinkingrealgarwine;putherbsondoorwaysforgoodhealthDonotexpectallstudentshavethesameanswers,andacceptanycorrectinformation.T:Ok!WehavegotlotsofinformationaboutChinesefestivals.Wouldyouliketoknowsomethingaboutforeignfestivals?Ss:Yes!T:What?sthemostimportantfestivalinwesterncountries?Ss:Christmas!T:That?sright!Pleaselookatthepicturesandtalkaboutthem.123456S1:ThefirstoneisaboutAprilFoolsdayonApril1st.ButIknownothingaboutthesecondpicture.\nS2:Ihavenoidea,either.Therearesomeroundobjects.Whatarethey?T:TheyaretheEastereggs(复活节彩蛋).OnEasterDaypeopleliketodyeandexchangeeggs.EasterDaycomesontheSundayonorafterMarch21st.PeoplethinkJesusChrist(耶稣)comesbacktolifeonthatday.Manypeoplegotochurchandchildrenoftengetpresents.Howaboutthethirdone?Ss:Halloween!Childrenliketoplayagame“trickortreat”(不请吃就捣蛋).T:Yes!Halloweenisatimetohavefun.ItcomesonOctober31st.It?soneofthemostfavoriteholidaysforchildren.Partiesareverypopular,too.Peoplewearscaryclothesandmasks(面具),forexample,dressuplikeawitch(巫婆).Nextone?S3:Aplateofchickenandsomedeliciousfood.ButIdon?tknowwhatitiscalled.T:Thefoodisturkey(火鸡),corn(玉米)andpumpkinpies(南瓜派).ThanksgivingDayisatraditionalAmericanfestivalonthefourthThursdayinNovemberwhenfamiliesgettogetherandhaveabigdinner.Howaboutthefifthpicture?Ss:Therearerosesandheartinit.Maybeit?saboutlove.Ss:Isee.ItisonFebruary14th.ButIdon?tknowitsEnglishname.\nT:It?sValentine?sDay.Candy,flowersandothergiftsareexchangedbetweenloversorcouplesonthisday,inhonoroftwomartyrs,bothnamedSt.Valentine.Doyouknowsomethingaboutthelastpicture?S4:Theflowersarebeautiful.What?sthenameofthefestival?T:It?sCherryBlossomFestival,aJapanesefestival.EveryAprilwhenthecherryflowerscomeout,Japanesepeoplecelebrateit.Theygooutwiththeirfriendsorfamilies.Theysitunderthetrees,singandhaveapicnic.Ok.That?saboutsomeforeignfestivals.StepIIIListening(WBP41)T:Now,wewillcometothelisteningpart.First,turntoPage41.Andthenlistentothetape.Lookatthefirstpictureinthispage.Whatcanyousee?S5:Arabbitandachicken.T:Yes.ButtherabbitiscalledtheEasterBunny.Readafterme"theEasterBunny".ItisanimaginaryrabbitthatchildrenbelievecomestothehometohidetheEastereggs(复活节彩蛋).AndthesecondpictureisabouttheEastereggs.What?sinthethirdpicture?S6:Somebread.T:Yes.ThebreadwithanXiscalledhotcrossbuns.OnEasterDaypeopleeatit.Nowlistentothetapeandtrytogetthemainidea.Playthetapeforthestudents.Whilelistening,thestudentsshouldgraspthekeywordsandgetthemainidea.Thenplaythetapeoncemore.Afterlistening,letthestudentsanswerthequestions.Andcheckthe\nanswerswiththewholeclass.Thensumuptheusefulexpressionsinthematerial(aboutEasterDay).Thenplaythetapeathirdtimeforthemtowritedownthemainideaofthepassage.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.ThesuggestedanswersareintheTeachers?BookPage18.StepIVTalking(WBP41)T:Nowwe?llmakeupadialogue:supposethatSpringFestivaliscoming,andyouaretodosomeshoppingforit,workinpairsoneasthecustomerandtheotherastheshopkeeper.First,lookthroughtheusefulexpressionsgivenonthispage.ThenIwillasksomeofyoutopresentyourdialoguepublicly.Teachersshowtheusefulexpressionsonthescreen.Youcangiveamodelornot.It?suptotheEnglishlevelofyourstudents.2minuteslateraskseveralstudentstotalk.Sa:MayIhelpyou?Sb:Yes.I?dliketobuysomethingforSpringFestival.Sa:MayIsuggestyourbuyingsomevegetablesandfruit,whichareveryfresh.AtFestivalsyou?dbetternothavetoomuchfat.Sb:Thanksforyouradvice.I?lltaketwokiloscabbage,threekilosbananasandsomenuts.Sa:Wouldyoulikesomeflowerstodecorateyouhouse?Sb:No,thanks.MayIseesomecandy?Iwillbuysomeformynephew.Sa:Thisway,please.Wehaveallkindsofcandyhere.Wouldyoulikesomechocolate?\nSb:Yes,letmesee.Wemighttakethiskindandthatoneoverthere.Sa:Anythingelse?Sb:No.That?swhatIneed.Sa:Manythanksforyourcoming!MayyouhaveahappySpringFestival![ThesampledialogueisintheTeachers?BookPage18.]StepVAssignment1.ConsolidationT:Boysandgirlsyoudidverywelltoday.Wehavetalkedaboutmanyfestivalsaroundtheworld.Ihopeyoucanlistentothelisteningmaterialagainafterclasstobefamiliarwithit.2.HomeworkCollectasmuchinformationaboutfestivalsaspossible.ThinkaboutthequestionsinPart2"pre-reading"andthenpreviewthenextpartaboutreadingtogetthemainidea.Unit3TheMillionPoundBank-Note，(单元教学目标技能目标SkillGoalsTalkaboutshortstoriesanddramas.Learnhowtoactoutaplay.Learnhowtorequestandorderfood.LearnNounclausesastheobjectandpredicative.Writeaplayordrama.II(目标语言\nRequest(请求)Wouldyoupleasecomein?功Wouldyoumindwaitingjustafewminutes?能MayIaskyouhowmuchmoneyyouhave?句—Well,tobehonest,Ihavenone.式Couldyouoffermesomekindofwork?Iwonder,Mr.Adams,ifyoumindusaskingafewquestions?—Gorightahead.Orderingfood(点餐)I?dlikesomehamandeggsandanicebigsteak.I?llhaveanicelongglassofbeer.1.四会词汇bet,scene,tale,servant,permit,bay,stare,spot,passage,account,appearance,patience,silly,jealous,unbelievable,steak,tiny,wolf,dessert,rude,manner,scream,shoulder,rag,indeed,bow,decade,pilot,humour,novel,character,director,barber词2.认读词汇narrator,incredible,Roderick,Oliver,nightfall,unpaid,charity,willingness,simply,Clemens,issue,fake,boyhood,Hannibal,Missouri,Mississippi,fathom,contest,Yale,汇loneliness,playwright,script3.固定词组\nmakeabet,goahead,byaccident,accountfor,tobehonest,inrags,evenif,getintotrouble4.重点词汇bet,makeabet,permit,goahead,byaccident,stare,accountfor,tobehonest,jealous,inrags,indeed,evenif,getintotroubleNounclausesastheobject(宾语从句)Ican?tsaythatIhaveanyplans....andhedoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.语IdidnotknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.法Nounclausesasthepredicative(表语从句)That?swhywe?vegivenyoutheletter.1.Haveyouevermadeabetwithafriend?Ifso,whatdidyoubeton?2.HeislostinLondon.3.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.4.Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.重5.Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers?dinneronthetable.点6.Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou?dmindusaskingafewquestions.句7.Iearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformy子appearance.\n8.Well,wewillhavetotakeachance.9.(inarudemanner)What?stheretowaitfor?10.He?sinrags!Period1warmingup&reading(1)Teachinggoals1.Targetlanguagea.重点词汇和短语bet,makeabet,permit,goahead,byaccident,stare,accountfor,tobehonest,jealousb.交际用语Expressionsonrequest:Wouldyoustepinsideamoment,please?Wouldyoupleasecomein?Mayweaskwhatyou?redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?Well,whydon?tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout?c.重点句型1)Haveyouevermadeabetwithafriend?Ifso,whatdidyoubeton?2)HeislostinLondon.3)Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.4)Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.5)Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers?dinneronthetable.6)Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou?dmindusaskingafewquestions.7)Iearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.2.Abilitygoals\na.Enablestudentstoreadandhearnaturallanguageinadramaticcontextandincreasetheirself-confidenceinusingEnglish,whichwillincreasetheiroverallmotivationtolearnEnglish.b.EnablestudentstosumupthemainideaofACTONEScene3.c.Enablestudentstounderstandthedetailsaboutthewholescene.d.Retellthesceneusingthekeywordsofthewholescene.e.Expresstheiropinionsbyansweringthefollowingquestions:1)Doyouthinkmoneyiseverything?Why?2)Doyouagreethatonlymoneycanbringpeoplehappiness?3.Learningabilitygoalsa.Helpstudentstounderstandnaturallanguageinthedramaticcontextandincreasetheirself-confidenceinusingEnglish.b.HelpstudentstosumupthemainideaofACTONEScene3.c.Helpstudentstounderstandthedetailsofthewholescene.d.Getstudentstoretellthewholescene.e.Helpthemtoanswerthefollowingquestions:1)Doyouthinkmoneyiseverything?2)Doyouagreethatonlymoneycanbringpeoplehappiness?Teachingimportantpointsa.Howtointerpretlanguagethroughtoneofvoiceandbodylanguage,gainingagreaterappreciationofthevariousverbalandnon-verbalwaysinwhichlanguageworks.b.Discussthequestions:\n1)Doyouthinkmoneyiseverything?2)Doyouagreethatonlymoneycanbringpeoplehappiness?TeachingdifficultpointsDiscussthequestions:1)Doyouthinkmoneyiseverything?2)Doyouagreethatonlymoneycanbringpeoplehappiness?TeachingmethodsElicitation,discussion,listening,readingandpairwork.TeachingaidsAcomputerTeachingproceduresStep1leadin1.DiscussinpairsDoyoulikemoney?why?Ismoneyeverything?ShowthesentencestotheSs.Moneycanbuyahousebutnotahome.Moneycanbuyabedbutnotsleep.Moneycanbuyaclockbutnottime.Moneycanbuyabookbutnotknowledge.Moneycanbuymedicinebutnothealth.Yousee,moneyisnoteverything.2.Supposeyougetalargeamountofmoneybybuyinglotterytickets(彩票)andbecomeamillionaire(百万富翁).Whatwillyoudowiththemoney?\nStep2warmingupMarkTwainisprobablyoneofthefewAmericanwriters.?agreatAmericanwriter?afamousspeaker?likedtotellfunnystories?likedtoplayjokesonhisfriendsDoyouknowabouthismasterpieces?WhatdoyouknowaboutMarkTwain?Doyouknowanyofhisworks?Readtheshortpassagequicklyandfillinthechart.RealnameMeaningofhispennameBirthdateBirthplacePlacewherehegrewupHisfamousstoriesThengiveanintroductionofMarkTwain(1835—1910):Thegreatesthumoristofthe19thcenturyAmericanliterature.Novels:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)(汤姆?索亚历险记)ThePrinceandthePauper(1882)(皇子与贫儿)TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1894)(哈克贝利?费恩历险记)Step3Pre-reading\n1.First,givestudentsabriefintroductionofthestoryTworichgentlemenmadeabetonwhatwouldhappentoapersonifhewasgivenamillionpoundnote.Henry,theheroofthestory,anAmericanyoungman,sailedtoofar,driftedouttotheocean.ABritishship,forLondon,passingby,fortunatelysavedhim.2.Prediction:WhatwouldhappentoHenry?Step4Reading1.Scanthepassageandfindout:1.Howmanycharactersarethereinthisscene?Whoarethey?2.Whenandwheredoesthestorytakeplace?3.WhatdothetwooldmengiveHenry?4.WhatdoesthebrotherschooseHenryfor?2.Skimming:answerthefollowingquestions:1)WhathappensonedaywhenHenrywaswalkingdownthestreet?2)WheredoesHenrycomefrom?3)WhatdidhedoinAmerica?4)WhydoeshecometoLondonandhow?5)Whydoeshestareatthefoodonthetablewhenheistalkingwiththemen?6)WhatdidHenrydobeforecomingtoLondon?7)Howmuchmoneydoesheown?8)WhencanHenryopentheletterthemengivehim?\n9)What?sinsidetheletter?10)DoesHenryaccepttheletter?3.Putthefollowingeventsincorrectorder.(1)HenrywanderedinLondonstreets.(2)AboutamonthagoHenryAdamswassailingoutofthebay.(3)Thenextmorninghewasspottedbyaship.(4)Towardsnightfallhefoundhimselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.(5)Ontheshipheearnedhispassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand.Keys:(2)AboutamonthagoHenryAdamswassailingoutofthebay.(4)Towardsnightfallhefoundhimselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.(3)Thenextmorninghewasspottedbyaship.(5)Ontheshipheearnedhispassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand.(1)HenrywanderedinLondonstreets.Step5post-reading1.Whatkindofpersonsyouthinkthecharactersare?(HenryAdams,OliverRoderick)Henry:independent(heearnshispassagebyworkingonashiptoEngland),careless(hearrivedinEnglandbyaccidentafternotsailinghisboatwell),honest(heasksforworknotcharity,hetellsthetruthtothebrothers.)hard-working.OliverandRoderick:\nrich(servantsandnotworryingaboutgivingastrangeramillionpoundbank-note),mischievous(preparedtobetonemillionpoundsjustforabitoffun),goodjudgesofcharacter(theyseeHenryishonestandproud)2.WhatdoyouthinkwillhappentoHenry?,Willthebank-notehelphimorgethimintotrouble?,Giveapossibledevelopmenttothestory.Homework:P20Ex1.3Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars教材分析和教材重组教本单元的主要内容是边缘科学、地球生命的起源，万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文材学知识。通过本单元的学习，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探究科学的热情。分1.WarmingUp部分共有三组问题，第一组问题引导学生讨论边缘科学(Frontier析Science)，即以两种或多种学科为基础而发展起来的科学。例如，生物化学是以生物学和化学为基础的边缘科学。第二组问题探讨科学研究的方法。第三组问题让学生思考要成为真正的科学家所必须掌握的技能。\n2.Pre-reading部分主要让学生弄清楚什么是科学思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化传统。学生总喜欢听故事或讲故事，在探讨生命的起源的科学道理之前，让学生交流一下有关宇宙的起源的种种传说，既有趣味性，又能调动学生的相关知识，激活学生的思维。3.Reading部分讲述了地球上生命的起源。水的形成使得地球有别与其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。文章最后讲述的现象发人深省:Theearthmaybecometoohotforthelivesonit.它关系到地球上生命的未来。4.Comprehending部分通过四个选择填空题检测学生对本文核心问题的理解:地球上生命的起源和延续需要哪些条件?随后通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程。最后提出两个问题，考查学生的深层理解和推断能力。5.Learningabout\nLanguage部分首先通过英文解释帮助理解课文中的生词，然后，通过短文填空、词语分类等形式将这些词语用于一个相关的情境中。语法部分也是采用先发现后应用的学习方法。先通过到课文中找句子，让学生认识主语从句，然后，设置一个用手机发短信息的情境，让学生进行简单句与主语从句之间的转换练习。最后设置情境来复习第三单元出现的表语从句。6.UsingLanguage部分综合训练听说读写的能力。听力部分的内容介绍三位科学巨匠，不仅通过听力填表的形式训练学生捕捉细节的能力，还通过四选一的形式帮助学生找主题思想。在解释对与错的过程中，教师可以适当地介绍一下概括主题的方法。阅读部分是一个科幻小故事，通过“我”和“我的朋友”乘宇宙飞船登月球的经历，介绍了重量、失重和地球引力等科学道理。说和写部分以Visitingthemoon为话题，要求学生讨论登月球需要携带的物品和在月球上可能遇到的困难，并要求学生找出克服这些困难的方法。教师可以根据课本上的提示，向学生介绍“先分述后总结”的写作方法。提出问题的解决方案时，要求学生选用适当的“指示”用语。教1.将WarmingUp，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。材2.将LearningaboutLanguage和Workbook的usingwordsandexpressions及using重structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。组3.将UsingLanguage设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课(一)”。4.将Workbook的READINGANDLISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5.将Workbook的LISTENINGTASK，READINGANDWRITINGTASK和SPEAKINGTASK设计为一节“综合技能课(二)”。\nst课1PeriodReadingnd2时PeriodLanguagestudyrd3分PeriodIntegratingskills(?)th配4PeriodListeningandSpeakingth5PeriodIntegratingskills(?)Part1:TeachingDesign(第一部分:教学设计)Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH)AimsTodevelopthestudents?readingabilityTolearnsomethingaboutastronomyProceduresI.WarmingupbylearningvocabularyGoodmorning,class!Today,waregoingtotakeUnit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars.Beforewereadthetext,let?sturntopage99andgetfamiliarizedwiththevocabularyfirst.Payattentiontothemakingoftheword.Studytheprefixes,rootsandsuffixesinthewords.\nAstronautYangLiweiII.Pre-reading1.LookingandsayingHaveyoueverwonderedhowtheuniversebegan?WellI'msureyoumayhavemanyanswerstothisquestion,butIhaveonethatperhaps,youmaynothaveheardofyet.Iwillbegivingyoumytheoryonthissubject.Nowlookatthescreenandlistentometellingyousomethingexciting.科学家透露:宇宙可能有两个我们的宇宙和一个"隐藏的"宇宙共同"镶嵌"在"五维空间"中。在我们的宇宙早期，这两个宇宙发生了一次相撞事故，相撞产生的能量生成了我们宇宙中的物质和能量。2.TalkingandsharingDoyouknowhowtheuniversebegan?Inthe1920sinCalifornia,astronomerEdwinHubbleobserveddistantgalaxiesusinganextremelypowerfultelescope.Hemadetwomind-boggling(unbelievable)discoveries.First,HubblefiguredoutthattheMilkyWayisn?ttheonlygalaxy.Herealizedthatfaint,cloud-likeobjectsinthenightskyareactuallyothergalaxiesfar,faraway.TheMilkyWayisjustoneofbillionsofgalaxies.Second,Hubblediscoveredthatthegalaxiesareconstantlymovingawayfromeachother.Inotherwords,theuniverseisexpanding.Thebiggestthingthatweknowaboutisgettingbiggerallthe\ntime.Afewyearslater,BelgianastronomerGeorgesLemaîtreusedHubble„samazingdiscoveriestosuggestananswertoabigastronomyquestion:“Howdidtheuniversebegin?”III.Reading1.ListeningandreadingaloudNowpleaselistentotherecordingandthenreadthetextaloud.Payattentiontohowthenativespeakerisreadingalongandwherethepausesarewithineachsentence.Iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushallreadaloudtwice,too.2.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHacloudofenergeticdust具有能量的尘埃,combineinto…合成……,movearoundthesun环绕太阳运转,becomeviolent变得激烈,thesolidsurface固体表面,explodeloudly猛烈爆炸,in\ntime及时，最终,producethewatervapor产生水蒸汽,maketheearth?satmosphere构成了地球的大气层,cooldown冷却,onthesurface在表面,bedifferentfrom…与……不同,goroundthesun环绕太阳运转,disappearfrom…从……消失,stayon…存留在……,showone?squality显现某人的特性,dissolveharmfulgases分解，溶解有害气体,becomepartof…变成……的一部分,developlife发展生命,growinthewater在水里生长,fill…with…用……来填充……，充满了……,encouragethedevelopmentof…鼓励……的发展,millionsofyearslater几万年以后,liveonland在陆地上生活,liveinthesea在海里生存,growintoforests长成森林,produceyoung生出幼仔,layeggs下蛋,animalswithhandsandfeet长着手脚的动物,spreadallovertheearth遍布全世界,developnewmethods发展了新的方法,growfood种植,movearound迁徙,goby过去，推移,takecareof…在意……，照看好……,put…into…把……带入，放入……,prevent…from…防止……做……,escapefrom…into…从……逃离到……,becomehot变热,dependon….依靠，依赖，取决与……,solveaproblem解决一个问题3.Readingandunderstandingdifficultsentences\nSkimthetextandidentifythedifficultsentencesofeachparagraph.Youmayputyourhandupifyouhaveanyquestions.4.ReadingandtransferringinformationReadthetextagaintocompletethetablebelow,HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHWhatwastheearthlikeafterthe“BigBang”?Whywastheearthdifferent?Howwaslifedevelopedonearth?Whatdidsmallcleveranimalsdo?5.ReadingandtranslatingAsyouhavereadthetexttimes,youcansurelyputitintoChinese.WangHongqin,willyoubethefirsttohaveatry,ofputtingthefirstparagraphintoChinese.IV.ClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesToendthelessonyouaretodothecomprehendingexercises2and3onpages26and27.Closingdownbyhavingadiscussion—HowDidtheUniverseBegin?\nThereareonlythreepossibleanswerstothisquestion.1(Itwascreatedbysomethinglargerthanitselfsincethefirstlawofthermodynamics(热力学)saysthatenergycannotbecreated,onlychanged.Theuniversehadtobecreatedbysomethingoutsideitself,becauseofthesamelaw.Wealsoknowthatmancouldnothavecreatedit.2(Itwasbegunbychance(oraccident);or3(Theanswerisnotsure.Shownthisway,thequestionis:AdditionalMaterialsCompletethesummaryofthestorywithonewordineachblank.HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHAfterthe“BigBang”camea1ofenergeticdust,theearth.Dustcombinedintoaball,moving2thesun.Theearthbecameviolent.Thenit3loudly.Intime,thewatervaporwasproduced,makingtheearth?satmosphere4down.Waterthenappearedonthe5.Theearthwastobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthe6.Waterdisappearedfromotherplanets.Butitstayedon7.Smallplantsbegandeveloping8thewater.\nYearslatergreenplantscameinto9.Theairthenwas10withoxygen.Millionsofyearslater,small11animalswerefoundtobelivingonthe12,inthesea.Theyspreadallovertheearth,moving13theearth,puttingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmospherewhich14heatfromescapingfromearthintospace.Intheendtheearthmaybecometoohottolive15.(Keys:1.cloud2.around3.exploded4.cool5.surface6.sun7.earth8.in9.being10.filled11.clever12.land13.around14.prevents15.upon)Comprehensionquestions1.Whatformstheearth’satmosphere?A.Carbondioxide,oxygen.B.Carbondioxide,oxygen,poisonousgas.C.Watervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogen.D.Watervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases.2.Canyoutellwhatisthe“specialqualities”oftheearthaccordingtothepassage?A.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.B.Theearthwassolidshapewhichwaslast.C.Thereareanimalsandhumanbeingsliveonit.D.Waterremainsonthesurfaceoftheearth.3.Whatkindoffactorimprovetheprogressoflife?\nA.Waterformsontheearth?ssurface.B.Greenplantsbegantoappearonland.C.Theairisfullofcarbondioxide.D.Animalsbegantoappearsuchasinsects,amphibians,est.4.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Ittellsushowdoeslifebegintoappearontheearth.B.Ittellsuswhydoesgreenplantsgrowbeforeanimals.C.Ittellsuswaterplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoflife.D.D.Ittellsuscarbondioxideisthereasonwhylivingbeingswilldieinthefuture,5.Theauthorinfersusthatifwewanttothelifecontinueontheearth,whatshouldwedo?A.Weshouldproducemorecarbondioxidetocauseglobalwarming.B.Weshouldsolvetheproblemofglobalwarmingassoonaspossible.C.Weshouldbearlesspeopleandthinkaboutanewwaytogrowmorecrops.D.Weshouldbeworthyofwater.(Key:DDBAB)Notestosomedifficultsentences1.Afterthe“BigBang”theearthwasjustacloudofenergeticdust.随着“轰隆”一声巨响，地球就成为一个云团，充满着具有能量的尘埃。BigBang(big-bangcosmology)大爆炸宇宙学。\n2.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸汽、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。intime:soonerorlater;eventually迟早;最后。I?llseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见他。intime(forsth/todosth):notlate及时;不迟。Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。in/outoftime:in/notinthecorrecttime合/不合节怕。Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。(sth)beto(do):(something)willdefinitelyhappen,oritmusthappen不可避免要发生或必须发生。Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthattheywerenevertomeetagain.他们彼此说了再见，几乎不知道再也不可能见面了。Sheistobehonoredforthisgreatwork.她(一定)会因这部著作而获得荣誉。Mr.Clarksaidtohisdaughter,“Youaretobehomeby10o?clockatthelatest.”克拉克先生对他的女儿说:“你必须在10点之前到家。”3.Nobodyknewthatitwasgoingtobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthesun.谁也不知道地球会别于环绕太阳运转的其它行星。\n(sb/sth)bedifferentfrom:notlikesomeoneorsomethingelseinoneormoreways与……不同。Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.都市生活与乡村生活是非常不同的。注意:(1)强调different时用very,much,quite,entirely,totally等词。(2)有时，美语口语中用than，英语口语中用to来代替from。goingroundthesun为现在分词短语，作定语，表示一般的动作。例如:Menbreakingthelawwillbepunished.Menwhobreakthelawwillbepunished.违法的人要受到处罚。现在分词短语作定语，也可以表示进行的动作。例如:Canyouseethegirldancingwithyourboyfriend?Canyouseethegirlwhoisdancingwithherboyfriend?你能看见与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗,4.Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,whichhadbecomepartoftheearth’satmosphere,intotheoceansandseas.它使地球把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体溶解在海洋里。allow…todo允许某人做某事。如:Herparentswon?tallowhertostayoutlaterthan11:00intheevening.她父母不允许她晚上在外逗留超过11点。PleaseallowmetoexplainthatIdidnothaveanyideaabouthisarrangement.请允许我解释，我事先不知道他的安排。但要注意:“准许做某事”应当是allowdoing不是allowtodo。如:Theyshouldn?tallowparkinginthisstreet.It?stoonarrow.他们不应该允许在这条街上停车，街道太窄了。\nWalkingonthegrassisnotallowed.不许踩踏草坪。5.Thisencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.这为早期贝类及其他各种鱼类的发育进一步创造了条件。encourage鼓励;促进;怂恿Fatherencouragedhimtostudyphysicsbutheprefersmaths.父亲鼓励他学物理，但他更喜欢数学。Heencouragedmetolearndancing.他鼓励我去学跳舞。名词后缀-ment加在动词之后表示:1)行为，例如:argument,betterment,development,treatment.2)结果，例如:arrangement,statement,settlement.3)工具，例如:instrument,pavement.6.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。bydoing用于说明做某事的手段，方式。如:Idon?tthinkshecanhelphimbyjustgivinghimmoney.我认为她光靠给钱是帮不了他的。Heusedtomakehislivingbypainting.他以前是靠画画为生。7.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。prevent…fromdoing阻止某人做某事。如:Hishearttroubledidnotpreventhim(from)goingtoclassthenextday.他的心脏病痛没能阻止他第二天去上课。\nNothingcanpreventtheirplans(from)beingcarriedout.什么也不能阻止他们的计划得以实施。8.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。(sth)dependon(sthelse):somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforit取决于;决定于。如:“Willyougofishingthisafternoon?”“Well,italldependsontheweather.”“你今天下午去钓鱼吗,”“得看天气。”formillionsofyearstocome中不定式tocome作定语，与前面的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，例如:Sheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.她是最不像做这种事的人。【高考链接】主语从句一、由what(whatever，whoever)等代词引导的主语从句。Whattheyareafterismoney.他们追求的是金钱。Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.这里说的话都应当保密。二、由连词that引导的主语从句。其中that一般不可省略，但若用it作形式主语，that从句后置时，则可省略。为避免头重脚轻，我们倾向用it开头，后接be，seem等。如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构。\nThatmoneydoesn'tgrowontreesshouldbeobvious.金钱不能从树上长出来是显而易见的。Itisobvious(that)moneydoesn'tgrowontrees.显而易见，金钱是不能从树上长出来的。Hasitbeenannouncedwhentheplanesaretotakeoff,飞机什么时候起飞宣布了没有,注意:1)选用what还是用that引导主语从句要根据关联词在从句中是否担任成分而定。且what(以及whatever，whoever等)引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。Whathesaidistrue.他说的是真的。(what在其引导的主语从句中作宾语。)ThatChinaisagreatsocialistcountryiswellknown.(=It?swellknownthat…)众所周知，中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。(that在其引导的主语从句中不作任何成分，也无词义，只起连接作用。)2)it引导的强调句与it作形式主语的复合句不可混淆。it引导的强调句是用来对句中某一成分加以强调，其结构为:“Itis(或was)+强调部分+that(或who)…”强调句去掉Itis(或was)…that(或who)…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。ItwasIthat(who)metMaryinthestreetyesterday.是我昨天在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)3)常见的用it作形式主语的复合句结构:*Itis+形容词(necessary，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，等)+that从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。It?snecessarythathewritesomethinginEnglish.他用英语写点东西是必要的。It?sstrangethatshedidnotgoto\nschoolyesterday.奇怪的是她昨天没去上学。*Itis+名词(afact，apity，nowonder，goodnews，等)+that从句It'sapitythatsheshouldhavesaidso.真遗憾她竟然会这么说。*Itis+过去分词(said，reported，decided，unknown等)+that从句ItssaidthatourEnglishteacherwillgoabroadnextweek.据说我们英语老师下周要去出国。*It+不及物动词(seems，appears，happens，matters等)+that从句Itseemsthatsheisingreatneedofhelp.看来她急帮忙。4)主语为从句时，一般要用单数谓语动词形式;但如果引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念(常可从表语上看出)时，谓语动词则常用复数形式:Whatweneediswater.我们需要的是水。Whatweneedareusefulbooks.我们需要的是有用的书。三、由连接代词或连接副词(或if,whether)引导的主语从句。Whentheywillcomehasn'tbeenmadepublic.他们什么时候回来还没有宣布。WhetherI?llattendthemeetinghasn?tbeendecided.=Ithasn?tbeendecidedwhether(if)I?llattendthemeeting.我是否参加会议还未决定。【高考链接】1._____we?llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where2.______shecouldn'tunderstandwas____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that3._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.\nA.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who4.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo____IcantosavethemA.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever5.Itisprettywellunderstood_____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how6.___wecan?tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what7._______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever8.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,______ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how10.______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires【巩固练习】1(____studieshardwillpasstheexam.A.WhoeverB.AnystudentC.WhoD.Thosewho\n2.____theworkersinsistedonwasthatthey____morepay.A.That;mustbegivenB.What;begivenC.Whether;wouldbegivenD.What;shouldgive3.____hewillbesenttoHainaniscertain.A.WhyB.WhetherC.ThatD.How4---Youlooksoworried,whathashappened?----Itworriesme____I?vehurthim.A.ifB.whichC.whatD.whether5.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter6.Does____matterifhecan?tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it7.____breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.AnyoneB.WhoeverC.HeD..Whatever8.____Iacceptthegiftorrefuseitisnoneofyourbusiness.A.IfB.WhetherC.EvenifD.When9.____saidthatwaswrong.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnybodyD.Everybody10._____isunknowntousall.A.WheredidhegetitB.WherehegotitC.ThatwherehegotD.Whichhegotit11.____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever12.Itworriedherabit____hershoeswerewornout.A(whileB.thatC.ifD.for\n13(Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas,A.WhereB.whatC.howD.which14(____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It15(Ifound____strangethatshedidn'tshowanyinterestinit.A.thatB.whatC.itD.which【汉译英】1.澳大利亚出产羊毛。2.父亲把零钱放进钱包。3.他们敏捷的行动阻止了火势蔓延。4.你不能永远依赖你的双亲。5.我们初次见面到如今已有好多年了。【答案及解析】【高考链接】1.B因谓语动词dependson，说明gocamping这件事尚未确定。主语从句在句首时，不用if，故用whether。2.A本句兼考查主语从句与表语从句。3.C此题中有两个不是并列的动词谓语，而Anyone和Theperson不是连接代词，也不是关系代词，所以先排除A和B;又whoever=thepersonwho,故选C.4.A本句考查“dowhatonecan(do)”这一句型。用whatever代what语气更强。5.Cwhat引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，it是形式主语;that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分。\n6.A主语从句wecan?tget后缺宾语，故需用what;而than后分句也缺宾语，仍需用what。7.D根据句子结构可知本题考查名词性从句用法，故A、B项排除;whatever与whichever的不同之处在于前者没有范围而后者有范围，而本句中所表达的是在本周六参加比赛的获胜队，是有范围的，故D项正确。8Awhat引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语。表语从句部分是说明该商店与众不同的具体内容，并未指人，因此排除B、D两项;whatever:anythingthat…意为“……的任何事物”，不合句意，故排除。9.B根据题干中的…todois…可知主语从句中缺少主语，而选项中能作主语从句主语的只有what。10.C此句中it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句，而且that从句内容与require构成被动关系，故C项正确。【巩固练习】1.A2B.3C4D5A6D7B8B9B10B11D12B13D14D15C【汉译英】1.Australiaproduceswool.2.Thefatherputthesmallchangeintothewallet.3.Theirpromptactionspreventedthefirefromspreading.4.Youcan?tdependonyourparentsforever.5.Manyyearshavegonebysincewefirstmet.Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars教材分析和教材重组\n教本单元的主要内容是边缘科学、地球生命的起源，万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文材学知识。通过本单元的学习，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探究科学的热情。分1.WarmingUp部分共有三组问题，第一组问题引导学生讨论边缘科学(Frontier析Science)，即以两种或多种学科为基础而发展起来的科学。例如，生物化学是以生物学和化学为基础的边缘科学。第二组问题探讨科学研究的方法。第三组问题让学生思考要成为真正的科学家所必须掌握的技能。2.Pre-reading部分主要让学生弄清楚什么是科学思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化传统。学生总喜欢听故事或讲故事，在探讨生命的起源的科学道理之前，让学生交流一下有关宇宙的起源的种种传说，既有趣味性，又能调动学生的相关知识，激活学生的思维。3.Reading部分讲述了地球上生命的起源。水的形成使得地球有别与其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。文章最后讲述的现象发人深\n省:Theearthmaybecometoohotforthelivesonit.它关系到地球上生命的未来。4.Comprehending部分通过四个选择填空题检测学生对本文核心问题的理解:地球上生命的起源和延续需要哪些条件?随后通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程。最后提出两个问题，考查学生的深层理解和推断能力。5.LearningaboutLanguage部分首先通过英文解释帮助理解课文中的生词，然后，通过短文填空、词语分类等形式将这些词语用于一个相关的情境中。语法部分也是采用先发现后应用的学习方法。先通过到课文中找句子，让学生认识主语从句，然后，设置一个用手机发短信息的情境，让学生进行简单句与主语从句之间的转换练习。最后设置情境来复习第三单元出现的表语从句。6.UsingLanguage部分综合训练听说读写的能力。听力部分的内容介绍三位科学巨匠，不仅通过听力填表的形式训练学生捕捉细节的能力，还通过四选一的形式帮助学生找主题思想。在解释对与错的过程中，教师可以适当地介绍一下概括主题的方法。阅读部分是一个科幻小故事，通过“我”和“我的朋友”乘宇宙飞船登月球的经历，介绍了重量、失重和地球引力等科学道理。说和写部分以Visitingthe\nmoon为话题，要求学生讨论登月球需要携带的物品和在月球上可能遇到的困难，并要求学生找出克服这些困难的方法。教师可以根据课本上的提示，向学生介绍“先分述后总结”的写作方法。提出问题的解决方案时，要求学生选用适当的“指示”用语。教1.将WarmingUp，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。材2.将LearningaboutLanguage和Workbook的usingwordsandexpressions及using重structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。组3.将UsingLanguage设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课(一)”。4.将Workbook的READINGANDLISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5.将Workbook的LISTENINGTASK，READINGANDWRITINGTASK和SPEAKINGTASK设计为一节“综合技能课(二)”。st课1PeriodReadingnd时2PeriodLanguagestudyrd分3PeriodIntegratingskills(?)th配4PeriodListeningandSpeakingth5PeriodIntegratingskills(?)Part1:TeachingDesign(第一部分:教学设计)Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH)\nAimsTodevelopthestudents?readingabilityTolearnsomethingaboutastronomyProceduresI.WarmingupbylearningvocabularyGoodmorning,class!Today,waregoingtotakeUnit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars.Beforewereadthetext,let?sturntopage99andgetfamiliarizedwiththevocabularyfirst.Payattentiontothemakingoftheword.Studytheprefixes,rootsandsuffixesinthewords.AstronautYangLiweiII.Pre-reading1.LookingandsayingHaveyoueverwonderedhowtheuniversebegan?WellI'msureyoumayhavemanyanswerstothisquestion,butIhaveonethatperhaps,youmaynothaveheardofyet.Iwillbegivingyoumytheoryonthissubject.Nowlookatthescreenandlistentometellingyousomethingexciting.科学家透露:宇宙可能有两个\n我们的宇宙和一个"隐藏的"宇宙共同"镶嵌"在"五维空间"中。在我们的宇宙早期，这两个宇宙发生了一次相撞事故，相撞产生的能量生成了我们宇宙中的物质和能量。2.TalkingandsharingDoyouknowhowtheuniversebegan?Inthe1920sinCalifornia,astronomerEdwinHubbleobserveddistantgalaxiesusinganextremelypowerfultelescope.Hemadetwomind-boggling(unbelievable)discoveries.First,HubblefiguredoutthattheMilkyWayisn?ttheonlygalaxy.Herealizedthatfaint,cloud-likeobjectsinthenightskyareactuallyothergalaxiesfar,faraway.TheMilkyWayisjustoneofbillionsofgalaxies.Second,Hubblediscoveredthatthegalaxiesareconstantlymovingawayfromeachother.Inotherwords,theuniverseisexpanding.Thebiggestthingthatweknowaboutisgettingbiggerallthetime.Afewyearslater,BelgianastronomerGeorgesLemaîtreusedHubble„samazingdiscoveriestosuggestananswertoabigastronomyquestion:“Howdidtheuniversebegin?”III.Reading1.ListeningandreadingaloudNowpleaselistentotherecordingandthenreadthetextaloud.Pay\nattentiontohowthenativespeakerisreadingalongandwherethepausesarewithineachsentence.Iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushallreadaloudtwice,too.3.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHacloudofenergeticdust具有能量的尘埃,combineinto…合成……,movearoundthesun环绕太阳运转,becomeviolent变得激烈,thesolidsurface固体表面,explodeloudly猛烈爆炸,intime及时，最终,producethewatervapor产生水蒸汽,maketheearth?satmosphere构成了地球的大气层,cooldown冷却,onthesurface在表面,bedifferentfrom…与……不同,goroundthesun环绕太阳运转,disappearfrom…从……消失,stayon…存留在……,showone?squality显现某人的特性,dissolveharmfulgases分解，溶解有害气体,becomepartof…变成……的一部分,developlife发展生命,growinthewater在水里生长,fill…with…用……来填充……，充满了……,encouragethedevelopmentof…鼓励……的发展,millionsofyearslater几万年以后,\nliveonland在陆地上生活,liveinthesea在海里生存,growintoforests长成森林,produceyoung生出幼仔,layeggs下蛋,animalswithhandsandfeet长着手脚的动物,spreadallovertheearth遍布全世界,developnewmethods发展了新的方法,growfood种植,movearound迁徙,goby过去，推移,takecareof…在意……，照看好……,put…into…把……带入，放入……,prevent…from…防止……做……,escapefrom…into…从……逃离到……,becomehot变热,dependon….依靠，依赖，取决与……,solveaproblem解决一个问题3.ReadingandunderstandingdifficultsentencesSkimthetextandidentifythedifficultsentencesofeachparagraph.Youmayputyourhandupifyouhaveanyquestions.4.ReadingandtransferringinformationReadthetextagaintocompletethetablebelow,HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHWhatwastheearthlikeafterthe“BigBang”?Whywastheearthdifferent?Howwaslifedevelopedonearth?Whatdidsmallcleveranimalsdo?\n6.ReadingandtranslatingAsyouhavereadthetexttimes,youcansurelyputitintoChinese.WangHongqin,willyoubethefirsttohaveatry,ofputtingthefirstparagraphintoChinese.IV.ClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesToendthelessonyouaretodothecomprehendingexercises2and3onpages26and27.Closingdownbyhavingadiscussion—HowDidtheUniverseBegin?Thereareonlythreepossibleanswerstothisquestion.1(Itwascreatedbysomethinglargerthanitselfsincethefirstlawofthermodynamics(热力学)saysthatenergycannotbecreated,onlychanged.Theuniversehadtobecreatedbysomethingoutsideitself,becauseofthesamelaw.Wealsoknowthatmancouldnothavecreatedit.2(Itwasbegunbychance(oraccident);or3(Theanswerisnotsure.Shownthisway,thequestionis:AdditionalMaterialsCompletethesummaryofthestorywithonewordineachblank.\nHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHAfterthe“BigBang”camea1ofenergeticdust,theearth.Dustcombinedintoaball,moving2thesun.Theearthbecameviolent.Thenit3loudly.Intime,thewatervaporwasproduced,makingtheearth?satmosphere4down.Waterthenappearedonthe5.Theearthwastobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthe6.Waterdisappearedfromotherplanets.Butitstayedon7.Smallplantsbegandeveloping8thewater.Yearslatergreenplantscameinto9.Theairthenwas10withoxygen.Millionsofyearslater,small11animalswerefoundtobelivingonthe12,inthesea.Theyspreadallovertheearth,moving13theearth,puttingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmospherewhich14heatfromescapingfromearthintospace.Intheendtheearthmaybecometoohottolive15.(Keys:1.cloud2.around3.exploded4.cool5.surface6.sun7.earth8.in9.being10.filled11.clever12.land13.around14.prevents15.upon)Comprehensionquestions6.Whatformstheearth’satmosphere?A.Carbondioxide,oxygen.B.Carbondioxide,oxygen,poisonousgas.E.Watervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogen.F.Watervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases.\n7.Canyoutellwhatisthe“specialqualities”oftheearthaccordingtothepassage?A.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.B.Theearthwassolidshapewhichwaslast.C.Thereareanimalsandhumanbeingsliveonit.D.Waterremainsonthesurfaceoftheearth.8.Whatkindoffactorimprovetheprogressoflife?A.Waterformsontheearth?ssurface.B.Greenplantsbegantoappearonland.D.Theairisfullofcarbondioxide.D.Animalsbegantoappearsuchasinsects,amphibians,est.9.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Ittellsushowdoeslifebegintoappearontheearth.B.Ittellsuswhydoesgreenplantsgrowbeforeanimals.E.Ittellsuswaterplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoflife.F.D.Ittellsuscarbondioxideisthereasonwhylivingbeingswilldieinthefuture,10.Theauthorinfersusthatifwewanttothelifecontinueontheearth,whatshouldwedo?A.Weshouldproducemorecarbondioxidetocauseglobalwarming.B.Weshouldsolvetheproblemofglobalwarmingassoonaspossible.C.Weshouldbearlesspeopleandthinkaboutanewwaytogrowmorecrops.D.Weshouldbeworthyofwater.(Key:DDBAB)\nNotestosomedifficultsentences1.Afterthe“BigBang”theearthwasjustacloudofenergeticdust.随着“轰隆”一声巨响，地球就成为一个云团，充满着具有能量的尘埃。BigBang(big-bangcosmology)大爆炸宇宙学。2.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸汽、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。intime:soonerorlater;eventually迟早;最后。I?llseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见他。intime(forsth/todosth):notlate及时;不迟。Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。in/outoftime:in/notinthecorrecttime合/不合节怕。Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。(sth)beto(do):(something)willdefinitelyhappen,oritmusthappen不可避免要发生或必须发生。Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthattheywerenevertomeetagain.他们彼此说了再见，几乎不知道再也不可能见面了。Sheistobehonoredforthisgreatwork.她(一定)会因这部著作而获得荣誉。Mr.Clarksaidtohisdaughter,“You\naretobehomeby10o?clockatthelatest.”克拉克先生对他的女儿说:“你必须在10点之前到家。”3.Nobodyknewthatitwasgoingtobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthesun.谁也不知道地球会别于环绕太阳运转的其它行星。(sb/sth)bedifferentfrom:notlikesomeoneorsomethingelseinoneormoreways与……不同。Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.都市生活与乡村生活是非常不同的。注意:(1)强调different时用very,much,quite,entirely,totally等词。(2)有时，美语口语中用than，英语口语中用to来代替from。goingroundthesun为现在分词短语，作定语，表示一般的动作。例如:Menbreakingthelawwillbepunished.Menwhobreakthelawwillbepunished.违法的人要受到处罚。现在分词短语作定语，也可以表示进行的动作。例如:Canyouseethegirldancingwithyourboyfriend?Canyouseethegirlwhoisdancingwithherboyfriend?你能看见与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗,4.Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,whichhadbecomepartoftheearth’satmosphere,intotheoceansandseas.它使地球把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体溶解在海洋里。allow…todo允许某人做某事。如:Herparentswon?tallowhertostayoutlaterthan11:00intheevening.她父母不允许她晚上在外逗留超过11点。\nPleaseallowmetoexplainthatIdidnothaveanyideaabouthisarrangement.请允许我解释，我事先不知道他的安排。但要注意:“准许做某事”应当是allowdoing不是allowtodo。如:Theyshouldn?tallowparkinginthisstreet.It?stoonarrow.他们不应该允许在这条街上停车，街道太窄了。Walkingonthegrassisnotallowed.不许踩踏草坪。5.Thisencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.这为早期贝类及其他各种鱼类的发育进一步创造了条件。encourage鼓励;促进;怂恿Fatherencouragedhimtostudyphysicsbutheprefersmaths.父亲鼓励他学物理，但他更喜欢数学。Heencouragedmetolearndancing.他鼓励我去学跳舞。名词后缀-ment加在动词之后表示:1)行为，例如:argument,betterment,development,treatment.2)结果，例如:arrangement,statement,settlement.3)工具，例如:instrument,pavement.6.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。bydoing用于说明做某事的手段，方式。如:Idon?tthinkshecanhelphimbyjustgivinghimmoney.我认为她光靠给钱是帮不了他的。Heusedtomakehislivingbypainting.他以前是靠画画为生。7.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfrom\nescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。prevent…fromdoing阻止某人做某事。如:Hishearttroubledidnotpreventhim(from)goingtoclassthenextday.他的心脏病痛没能阻止他第二天去上课。Nothingcanpreventtheirplans(from)beingcarriedout.什么也不能阻止他们的计划得以实施。8.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。(sth)dependon(sthelse):somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforit取决于;决定于。如:“Willyougofishingthisafternoon?”“Well,italldependsontheweather.”“你今天下午去钓鱼吗,”“得看天气。”formillionsofyearstocome中不定式tocome作定语，与前面的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，例如:Sheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.她是最不像做这种事的人。【高考链接】主语从句一、由what(whatever，whoever)等代词引导的主语从句。Whattheyareafterismoney.他们追求的是金钱。\nWhateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.这里说的话都应当保密。二、由连词that引导的主语从句。其中that一般不可省略，但若用it作形式主语，that从句后置时，则可省略。为避免头重脚轻，我们倾向用it开头，后接be，seem等。如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构。Thatmoneydoesn'tgrowontreesshouldbeobvious.金钱不能从树上长出来是显而易见的。Itisobvious(that)moneydoesn'tgrowontrees.显而易见，金钱是不能从树上长出来的。Hasitbeenannouncedwhentheplanesaretotakeoff,飞机什么时候起飞宣布了没有,注意:1)选用what还是用that引导主语从句要根据关联词在从句中是否担任成分而定。且what(以及whatever，whoever等)引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。Whathesaidistrue.他说的是真的。(what在其引导的主语从句中作宾语。)ThatChinaisagreatsocialistcountryiswellknown.(=It?swellknownthat…)众所周知，中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。(that在其引导的主语从句中不作任何成分，也无词义，只起连接作用。)2)it引导的强调句与it作形式主语的复合句不可混淆。it引导的强调句是用来对句中某一成分加以强调，其结构为:“Itis(或was)+强调部分+that(或who)…”强调句去掉Itis(或was)…that(或who)…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。ItwasIthat(who)metMaryinthestreetyesterday.是我昨天在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)3)常见的用it作形式主语的复合句结构:\n*Itis+形容词(necessary，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，等)+that从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。It?snecessarythathewritesomethinginEnglish.他用英语写点东西是必要的。It?sstrangethatshedidnotgotoschoolyesterday.奇怪的是她昨天没去上学。*Itis+名词(afact，apity，nowonder，goodnews，等)+that从句It'sapitythatsheshouldhavesaidso.真遗憾她竟然会这么说。*Itis+过去分词(said，reported，decided，unknown等)+that从句ItssaidthatourEnglishteacherwillgoabroadnextweek.据说我们英语老师下周要去出国。*It+不及物动词(seems，appears，happens，matters等)+that从句Itseemsthatsheisingreatneedofhelp.看来她急帮忙。4)主语为从句时，一般要用单数谓语动词形式;但如果引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念(常可从表语上看出)时，谓语动词则常用复数形式:Whatweneediswater.我们需要的是水。Whatweneedareusefulbooks.我们需要的是有用的书。三、由连接代词或连接副词(或if,whether)引导的主语从句。Whentheywillcomehasn'tbeenmadepublic.他们什么时候回来还没有宣布。WhetherI?llattendthemeetinghasn?tbeendecided.=Ithasn?tbeendecidedwhether(if)I?llattendthemeeting.我是否参加会议还未决定。【高考链接】1._____we?llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.\nA.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where2.______shecouldn'tunderstandwas____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that3._____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who4.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo____IcantosavethemA.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever5.Itisprettywellunderstood_____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how6.___wecan?tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what7._______teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever8.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,______ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how10.______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.\nA.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires【巩固练习】1(____studieshardwillpasstheexam.A.WhoeverB.AnystudentC.WhoD.Thosewho2.____theworkersinsistedonwasthatthey____morepay.A.That;mustbegivenB.What;begivenC.Whether;wouldbegivenD.What;shouldgive3.____hewillbesenttoHainaniscertain.A.WhyB.WhetherC.ThatD.How4---Youlooksoworried,whathashappened?----Itworriesme____I?vehurthim.A.ifB.whichC.whatD.whether5.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter6.Does____matterifhecan?tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it7.____breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.AnyoneB.WhoeverC.HeD..Whatever8.____Iacceptthegiftorrefuseitisnoneofyourbusiness.A.IfB.WhetherC.EvenifD.When9.____saidthatwaswrong.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnybodyD.Everybody10._____isunknowntousall.A.WheredidhegetitB.Wherehegotit\nC.ThatwherehegotD.Whichhegotit11.____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever12.Itworriedherabit____hershoeswerewornout.A(whileB.thatC.ifD.for13(Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas,A.WhereB.whatC.howD.which14(____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It15(Ifound____strangethatshedidn'tshowanyinterestinit.A.thatB.whatC.itD.which【汉译英】1.澳大利亚出产羊毛。2.父亲把零钱放进钱包。3.他们敏捷的行动阻止了火势蔓延。4.你不能永远依赖你的双亲。5.我们初次见面到如今已有好多年了。【答案及解析】【高考链接】1.B因谓语动词dependson，说明gocamping这件事尚未确定。主语从句在句首时，不用if，故用whether。2.A本句兼考查主语从句与表语从句。\n3.C此题中有两个不是并列的动词谓语，而Anyone和Theperson不是连接代词，也不是关系代词，所以先排除A和B;又whoever=thepersonwho,故选C.4.A本句考查“dowhatonecan(do)”这一句型。用whatever代what语气更强。5.Cwhat引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，it是形式主语;that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分。6.A主语从句wecan?tget后缺宾语，故需用what;而than后分句也缺宾语，仍需用what。7.D根据句子结构可知本题考查名词性从句用法，故A、B项排除;whatever与whichever的不同之处在于前者没有范围而后者有范围，而本句中所表达的是在本周六参加比赛的获胜队，是有范围的，故D项正确。8Awhat引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语。表语从句部分是说明该商店与众不同的具体内容，并未指人，因此排除B、D两项;whatever:anythingthat…意为“……的任何事物”，不合句意，故排除。9.B根据题干中的…todois…可知主语从句中缺少主语，而选项中能作主语从句主语的只有what。10.C此句中it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句，而且that从句内容与require构成被动关系，故C项正确。【巩固练习】1.A2B.3C4D5A6D7B8B9B10B11D12B13D14D15C【汉译英】\n1.Australiaproduceswool.2.Thefatherputthesmallchangeintothewallet.3.Theirpromptactionspreventedthefirefromspreading.4.Youcan?tdependonyourparentsforever.5.Manyyearshavegonebysincewefirstmet.