高中文言文常考固定句式（the regular sentence pattern of classical chinese in senior high school） 16页

高中文言文常考固定句式（TheregularsentencepatternofclassicalChineseinSeniorHighSchool）Highschool,classicalChinese,fixedsentences(a)ahabitofexpressingdoubt:as......Ruoruo......Henai......WhatThesearethreehabitualexpressionsofthesamemeaning,whichcanbeinsertedintonouns,pronouns,andphrases......"How,""yes."......Howtodo,andhowtodealwithit?."Forexample:whatisitlikeearthandstone?Themaleunclenotdielikedisease,Naistate?Whatcan'tbetruetohim?Inthiscustomarystatement,ifthewordisinserted,itconstitutes"whatisit","whatif"and"whatisit",whichcanbetranslatedas"why"or"what?"".Forexample:thefatheroftheforestyoualsothoughttostatewho,afterretiringandamenderrors,ifanyofthesword?"What","how""whichisequivalentto"."YourMajestytoHouBoZhoupeoplehow?""Elderlypeople,too."."(the"historicalrecords?ZhangShizhibiography")"YourMajestytoHouBoZhouisakindofperson?"Theemperor\nsaid:"honestelders."Anotherexample:byaskinghowfarontheEmperor:"Changan?"("Shishuoxinyu"wish?)Therefore,asktheEmperor:"Changanandthesunwhichfar?""ZaiZai",suchastheemphasison""""","thetableinterrogativetone,equivalentto"?";suchasfocusingon"ZaiZai",thetableexclamationtone,equivalentto"ah."".IfIcan,peopletalking?("Mencius?HuanjinQithething")Forexample,cansomeonelikemeprotectthepeople?DongSheng,whatacoincidence!(HanYu"sendDongShaoNanpreface")-DongZimianah!"What?"......Forexample,theinterrogativemoodistranslatedas"why?"......Well?".Whosaid:"son,soldier,andgeneralselfsuckingthecarbuncle,howtocryfor?"(the"biographyof"historicalrecords?)Someonesaid:"yourson,justasoldier,butthegeneralforhimpersonallytosuckpusgangrene,whyareyoucrying?"(two)thehabitofexpressingcomparison:......Whichand............Howabout............Whatif............Ruo\nruo......Theseidiomsareusedtoindicatethecomparisonofpeopleorthings.Itcanbetranslatedas"follow"......Whichismore?......".Forexample:thepublicisregardedwithgeneralLianQin?ThemeansofChanganonhowfaryou?TheUSisanAdonaisandbeauty?Itisnottosaveandsaveit?(three)habitualuseofrhetoricalquestions1,notalso......?No,itisnot......Isthatright?"Or"no?"......Isthatright?"Forexample:learningproficiencyforofficialdom,notapleasure?Thepresentmysuperior,stillonlyFuxindiseasealso,andthekingBuxianmorebutWuQi,isalsowrong?2,HoHo(to)......For?He......Whatisit?Tobetranslatedas......Whattodo?"Or"wherecanIuseit?"......Whataboutit?"\nForexample:Ihaveacarandmakepeopledarenotborrow,whyisthecarfor?NowthehumanDaozu,Ifish,whatwords?3,ho......AYes,thereis......Whataboutit?"Forexample:Ihearfromthenorthasaladder,willattacksong.Whatisthecrimeofsong?Second,JinJin,HoHoHo?4,HeYouAccordingtothecontexttranslatedas"whatdifficulties","whatcannotbear","what'sthematter?"".Forexample:thesilent,haveaninsatiabledesiretolearn,tirelessinteachingothers,whatisthereforme?Whydoesitmean"what'sthetroubleforme?"5,"no"is......"And","therhetoricalquestion,"isequivalentto"isnotit?"......?".NoCornellis?(AnalectsofConfucius)Shouldn'tIblameyou?\n6,"suchaswhat,""how",equivalentto"how"?".Thegentlemanintheservice,suchaswhatWusi?(BookofSongs,agentlemaninbattle)Thegentlemanhasserved,andtaughtmenottothinkofhimPeoplearenot,howtodiefear?(LaoZi)Howcanciviliansintimidatethembykillingthemwithoutfearofdeath?7,"getnon"......And"don'tyou?"......And"counter",whichisequivalentto"isn'tit?"......"?"NonprincesShengstrong,Modabudiaooftheblame?(LiuZongyuan'stheoryoffeudalism)Isnotapowerfulruler,likeatail,toobigtobeatfault?(four)ahabitualexpressionofexclamation1,how......Whyisthatso?......"Or"whyso?"......".Forexample:GuanQingfatheranduncletooth,minGong,howmessy?Howlateisittogiveyou?\n2,ho......Of......"How?"......So......"Or"why?"......"Howcanthatbe?......"Or"whyso?"......".Forexample:youdonotwanttobreakontheyuan,wherethatisfalse?Theconceptofthedoctorhavesurgery,whatisthisthatisugly?3,"ZaiZai",thetablesightone,8......Also......"Atable,tabletostrengthenthejudgment,explainwhy.Chenwinner,Yangchengpeoplealso.(the"historicalrecords?ChenShengwubiography")-Sheng,isYangchengpeople.ButwiththeWangguopojiagenera,andtheircountryandnotseethemonarch,theso-calledloyaltyanddisloyalty,theso-calledsageyin.("historicalbiography"QuYuan?)However,theburstingofthecountrycontinuously,causetheGodmonarchTaipingnationalgenerationsdonotsee,because(monarchthought)loyalandunfaithful,peoplenotxian.9,"think",oneisequivalentto"take(it)as","two"andmodernChinesesemanticsthesame,thatis"think"".\nIfJeongJeongthoughthewasthehost.(the"ZuoQinShibackcandle?")If(you)giveup(besiege)ZhengGuo,andtake(it)asthehostoftheEastRoad(host)."IthinktheoldloveHouxianinChanganAoYanjun."("Chankuots'e?"saidtheEmpressDowagerZhaotouch)"IprivatelybelievethatempressdowageryouloveYanmorethanChangan."."10,"becauseof",equivalentto"so."".Wanttosuicide,tostimulateJingQing,said:"Iwishtheprincehadasinglestep,thewordslightisdead,MingMingdoesnottell."."Becausehecommittedsuicide.("Shihchiassassinbiography"?)(TianGuang)wantedtokillherselfandencouragedJingKe,saying,"Ihopeyou'llcallontheprincequicklyandsayI'mdead."."Sohediedofhisownsuicide.11,"so",oneisequivalentto"atthistime","inthismatter";twoisequivalentto"Chinesenow"".TheYinisgood,theprincesaretobeflat.So,hehasYuRuiprisonwillnot,butastheweek.(the"historicalrecords"thisweek?)\n-Siberiasecretlydogood,princeshavecometo(askhim)afairdecision.Atthattime,thepeopleofthestateofChinaandthepeopleofRuicountrycouldnotdecidethecase,sotheywenttoZhoubo.So,weaskthestudentsofthecase.(ShiJi","historicalrecords?)-thenlettheRoyalmakedetailedinquiriesandinquiriesofthevariousscholars.CommonfixedsentencesinclassicalChineseAfixedsentencereferstoclassicalcollocationbyseveralclassicalwordsandintoafixedformofthesentence,thesentencehasitsrelativelyfixedmeaninginclassicalChinesereading,graspandmemorizetheserelativelyfixedmeaning,helpstograspandunderstandthemeaningofthewholesentence.1."No."......"Usedtogether,thetableasked,thetoneismoreeuphemistic,equivalenttomodernChinese"isnot......?"1forifthesword,ornot?("LvShiChunQiu"Oreviewthis)Isn'titfoolishtoaskforaswordlikethis?2."no"......"Usedtogether,"thetableasked,"equivalenttomodernChinese"isnot......?"Example2thisisnotfaraway,smallbutnearbig("O"LieziTangasked)\nIsn'tthisthedistancebetweenthesmallandthebig?3."no!"......"No"......Thatis,"usedtogether,tablechosen,equivalenttomodernChinese"isnotthecase".Anexampleofthe3war,theinevitabletrendisnotaheadofme,butinfrontofthat,notoutofthewest,butoutofthenorth.(SuShi,teaching,war,policy)Warisaninevitabletrend,eitherfromusorfromtheenemy,eitherontheWestoronthenorth.Example4squarespring,thecommonpeopledon'tploughnamelysilkworm,thegapcannottake.(SunQiao,whatisthebookeasy?)Inspring,thepeopledonotfarmorsericulture,andtheycannottellatanytime.4."non"......While......"Usedtogether,tablejudged,equivalenttomodernChinese"isnot......Yet".Example5drawpictureswithoutwords.("Cricket")Itisnotawrittenword,butapicture.5.,notonly......"Suppression"also"usedtogether,tableprogressive,equivalenttomodernChinese"notonly......Moreover".\nExample6notonlywhentheday,thesuppressionalsoseeks.(ChenShou"Longzhongdui")Notonlythetimingisgood,butalsotheplanningofman.6."mediocre......"Where","interrogative",equivalenttomodernChinese,"where"(how)?......?"Myhusbandhas7cases,themiddleyearswhowasbornafterme?(HanYu,theteachersaid.)Ihavelearnedthetruth.Whereishisagebiggerorsmallerthanmine?7."how(how)"and"how","howto(HeRuo)"isusedtodiscussthetoneortableasked,whatisthemodernequivalentoftheChinese"(the)","why"and"how".Example8takemyBi,notmycity,how?("LianLinbiography")Ittookmyjade,donotgivemethecity,howtodo?Example9howcantheinterestsofnonStatesbenefitfromthis?(O"ZuoXianggongtwenty-sixyears")ItisnotfromtheangleofnationalinterestthatwearefightingagainstthestateofChu.Whyshouldwefollowthisview?8.,asif(Chennai)......What"use",tableinquiry,\nEquivalenttothemodernChineselanguage"yes"......Howabout"..."?......How?".10yeartoforce,hadnotdestroyedoneofMaomountain,itsearth?("O"LieziTangasked)Theageandageyoubyforce,alsocannotgetridofthemountainsoilandstoneeverytreeandbush,cando?9."what?"......Thereare"usedtogether,yes"what?......Whatistheobjectof"inversion"?."What?"......Thereis"tablequestion",equivalenttomodernChinese"what?"......?"11casesofinnocentsong?(the"Mo-tseo"Gongshu)WhatcrimedoestheSongDynastyhave?10.,"getnothing"......Itisimpossibletosay"yes"or"MoFei"......Right?".Example12intorepeatedselfreading,havenoteachmehuntinginsectsyeah?("Cricket")Fame,timeandtimeagain,doesitmeantheplacewherecricketsarecaught?11.,"whatishe?"......(also)HeZai......"Yes,"usedtoask,"equivalenttomodernChinese","why","what"?......?"And"what?......?"\nExample13,andthisaloneinthenameofthebell,whatZaiZai?(SuShi'sbookofShizhongshan)Butwhatisthenameofthismountainonlybytheclock?12."where(XI)to......"What,"(Xi,he)......"Usedtogether,tablequestions,equivalenttomodernChinese"use......Todowhat?Wantto......Whatareyoudoing?"Why"?......?"Example14isapillarofthestate,howtocut?(AnalectsofConfucius,JiJi)ItisourZhuanYuLuChenofChina,whydoyouwanttoattackit?Example15itemWangXiaoyue:"thedayperishesme,howcanIcrossfor?"(the"historicalrecords"YuJi"?)TheXiangYusmiledandsaid:"GodIwanttodie,Iwouldlikethestemwhat?"13."whynot?"......Between(Zai)"usedinterjectionallyortag,isequivalenttothemodernChinese"......?"And"what?......?"16dayandnighttolookatgeneral,I'mbackon!("Hongmenyan")Wearelookingforwardtothearrivalofthegeneraldayandnight,howdarewebetrayhim?14."its"......(also,yeah)"onthetablefor,speculation,\nhope,rhetoricaltone,theequivalentofmodernChinese"(probablyafraid)......!"Or"or?......!",""isn'tit?"......?"Example17thesaintisholy,andthefoolisfoolish(HanYu,theteachersaid.)Itisprobablyforthisreasonthatsaintsbecomesaintsandfoolsbecomefools!15"......Whoand(ShuRuo)......"Usedtogether,tablecomparison,selection,rhetoricalquestions,etc.,equivalenttomodernChinese.""......And(same,heel)......Comparedtowho(which,that)......","......Ratio......Whatabout?18caseswithmewhichisanAdonaisbeauty?("ZouJifengKingremonstrance")IamanAdonaisandcompared,whichismorebeautiful?19casesofmaleasgeneralLianQinandshu.("LianLinbiography")YouseethegeneralLianandQin,whichisbetter?16.,"forwhat","for"......Theterm"passive"isequivalentto"modernChinese"".Example20doesnothave,ifallbelongto.("Hongmenyan")Otherwise,allofyouwilleventuallybetakenprisonerbyhim!\nIn21casesandtheproductpowerofQinpeople.(Suxun"sixtheory")Itwasthepeopleformanyyearsaccumulationofpompcaught.17."to......For"usedtogether,tablejudged,equivalenttomodernChinese"think......"..."........Relyon(relyon)......As"wait".Example22tothebeautyoftheworld,asfaraspossibleintheirown.(Chuang-tzu,autumnwaters)Themostbeautifulandspectacularthingsintheworldareconcentratedonthemselves.23casesandactsbytheargumentforLaoLin,inme.("LianLinbiography")ButLinXiangruonlytakesalittlebitofspeakingskillasacredit,buthispositionisonme18."andits......Whatif"usedtogether,tableselection,equivalenttomodernChinese",andits......WherecanIcompare?".24caseswithchildrenwhoarekilled,ifsold("TongDistrictsendbiography")Youmightkilltheboy,wheretosellhim.\n19.,ann......Justaroundthecorner......"Yes,"usedinconjunctionwithquestions,whichisequivalenttomodernchinese......"Where?"......Well?".After25casesofLiuYuzhounewfailure,anantithishard?("battleofRedCliff")ButhowcanLiuYuzhouresistCaoCao'sattackjustafterlosingthegame?26casesofbramblingyasutomoloftyambition?(the"historicalrecords"byfamily?)ThebirdknowwhereambitionHonghuit?20.alone......Jesusistheonlyone......Yes,"usedtogether"toexpressdoubt,whichisequivalenttomodernchinese......?".Example27alonedoesnotpitythechilde'seldersister?("hisburglaryZhaoFusave")Don'tyoupityyoursister,childe?Although28casessuchasjade,onlyWeiLiangeneral?("LianLinbiography")AlthoughIcanlowermyself,canIbeafraidofgeneralLim?21.,"no"is......(at)"usedonthetablethattheequivalentofmodernChinese,"I'mafraid......Right?".\nExample29,farfromtheLord,thereisnothing("Xiaoshanbattle")Thehostfromafarisreadytofightforourtroops,soI'mafraidIcan'tattackZhengGuo22."non"......"Isaid,ask,theequivalentofmodernChinese"isnot......?".30casesofnonthreevillagedoctortonight?("QuYuanbiography")Youarenotthethreevillagedoctor?23.ning......"Yeah,"usedinconjunctionwithrhetoricalquestions,equivalenttomodernChinese."Where?"......Well?".31casesofbone,toknowthisbetter?(offeringsacrificestosisters)Wherewouldyouthinkthisiswhereyouburiedyourbones?Electionnetwork,www.xuanxiao.comcollegeentranceexaminationchannelprofessionalDaquan,overtheyearsscoresoftensofthousandsofUniversitypictures,Universityvideolibrary(pressCtrlClicktoopen)