2021年【初中】初中定语从句讲解练习及答案 18页

学习必备欢迎下载一.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；定语定语用来限定.修饰名词或代词的，为对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语（动词不定式短语.动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘的’表示；主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任；单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语；短语和从句作定语时就放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语；|精.定语从句为指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后；|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.如：1〕Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.|资.|料.*|*|2〕YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.*|*||欢.上面两句中的man和everything为定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面；|迎.|下.|载.引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who〔宾格who、全部格whose〕和关系副词where、when.why关系词常有三个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.第1页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略；(1)Mr.Liuistheperson〔whom〕youtalkedabout.留意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略；(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略|精.|品.|可.|编.(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboy.s〔which在句子中做主语〕|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.(2)Thisisthepen〔which〕heboughtyesterda.y〔which在句子中做宾语〕*|*|*4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which；|*||欢.|迎.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略；|下.|载.(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.〔在句子中做主语〕(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning.〔在句子中做宾语〕5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadocto.r(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfalleni.n第2页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.〔5〕Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow.=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow.注：that用法|精.|品.|可.|编.〔1〕不用that的情形|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.(a)在引导非限定性定语从句时；*|*|*〔错〕Thetree、thatisfourhundredyearsold、Isveryfamoushere.|*||欢.|迎.(b)介词后不能用；|下.|载.Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情形(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which；(b)在不定代词，如：anything、nothing、theone、all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which；第3页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载(c)先行词有theonly、thevery、thesame、thelast、just修饰时，只用that；(d)先行词为序数词.数词.形容词最高级时，只用that、不能用which；.(e)先行词既有人，又有物时；(f)先行词指物，在主句中作表语时．(g)为了防止重复．〔h〕先行词为theway或thereason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略|精.|品.|可.|编.〔i〕主句的主语为|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.疑问词who/which时*|*|*举例：|*||欢.|迎.|下.Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary.|载.这为你在图书馆借的那本书吗？Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩处．Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只为供油问题；Finally、thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.\n第4页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；三.关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhich|精.where=in/at/on/...which〔介词同先行词搭配〕|品.|可.|编.|辑.when=during/on/in/...which〔介词同先行词搭配〕|学.|习.|资.|料.*|1.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句；*|*|*(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.||欢.|迎.|下.|载.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.when引导定语从句表示时间；在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.[注]表示时间“time一"词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导；BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon、wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.第5页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期；IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.我仍旧记得我第一次见到她；Eachtimehegoestobusinesstrip、hebringsalotoflivingnecessities、suchastowels、soap、toothbrush；etc每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，许多；3.why指缘由在定语从句中做缘由状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.|精.|品.|可.|编.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.留意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换*|*|*|(1)Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear、*||欢.|迎.|下.(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.|载.注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略；2）that前不能有介词；3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或缘由状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换；ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.第6页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub.Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub.Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|*|*||欢.|迎.|下.|载.第7页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载练习〔一〕请分析一下定语从句：〔请划出定语从句，并标出先行词〕1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.Youcouldn’untderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.|精.|品.|可.|编.5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*6.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently.|*|*|8.HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.*||欢.|迎.|下.9.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.|载.10.Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey.12.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem、pleasetellme.13.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.14.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis、youcanaskthem.15.AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.第8页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载二.用关系代词填空：that.which.who.whom.whose1.Thisisthemanwantstoseeyou.2.ThestudentansweredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Themanyouwenttoseehascome.4.ThemanImetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.|精.|品.|可.|编.5.Thewomanyousawisourgeographyteacher.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*6.Therunneryouareaskingaboutisoverthere.|*|*|7.ThepersonyoushouldwritetoisMr.Ball.*||欢.|迎.|下.8.Themanwaspassingbysawwhathappened.|载.9.Hereisthepenyoulostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.Thesebooksyoulentmewereveryuseful.11.ThestorybookIhavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.Aclockisamachinetellspeoplethetime.13.ThisisshirtIboughtyesterday.第9页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载14.Adictionaryisabookgivesthemeaningtotheword.15.Thebookisonthetableismine.16.Thefilmtheyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.IwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplacesIhaveevervisited.18.IsthereanyonefamilyisinBeijing.19.Showmetheboymotherisawell-knownsinger.|精.|品.|可.|编.20.TheboyfatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.三.单项挑选*|*|*|〔〕1.YourteacherofChineseisayoungladycomesfromBeijing.*||欢.|迎.|下.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose|载.〔〕2.What’sthenameoftheprogram.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening〔〕3.Thestudentswereallinterestedyoutoldthemyesterday.A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthatD.ineverything第10页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载〔〕4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisofficewasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which〔〕5.Thisisthemuseumwevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat〔〕6.Charlietoldhismotherallhadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.〔〕7.Doyouknowthestudent.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalk*|*|*C.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk||欢.|迎.|下.|载.〔〕8.Ilikethehousewindowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its〔〕9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary.A.whatIneedB.IneedC.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit〔〕10.TheyoungwomanIspokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that\n第11页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载练习〔二〕1.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsofyouarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplacescouldn’tbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperaturewaterchangesintoice.|精.|品.|可.|编.A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*7.Thisbookwillshowyoucanbeusedinothercontexts..|*|*|A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobserved*||欢.|迎.|下.C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved|载.8.Thereasonisheisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether9.I’lltellyouhetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which10.Thattree、branchesarealmostbare、isveryold.第12页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich11.Ihaveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what12.Hefailedintheexamination、madehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what13.We’retianlgkaboutthepianoandthepianistwereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.|精.|品.|可.|编.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.14.ThegirlanEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.*|*|*|A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging*||欢.|迎.|下.15.Thosenotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.|载.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn16.Anyonethisopinionmayspeakout.A.thatagainstB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst17.Didn’tyouseetheman.A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow第13页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow18.Canyoulendmethenoveltheotherday.A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout19.Isthereanythingtoyou.A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs|精.|品.|可.|编.20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook.”|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.----“It’squitedifferentfromIreadlastmonth.”*|*|*A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat|*||欢.|迎.|下.21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexceptwhohadalreadytakenthem.|载.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers22.Thetrainshewastravellingwaslate.A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawerthepapersarekept.A.whereB.inwhichC.underwhichD.which第14页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载24.Antarcticweknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich25.It’sthethirdtimelatethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearriveDd.whenyou’vearrived26.Itwasin1969theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.inwhich|精.|品.|可.|编.27.MaythefourthisthedayweChinesepeoplewillneverforget.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich|*|*|28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou、livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.*||欢.|迎.|下.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where|载.29.Thehotelduringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.westayedD.inthatwestayed30.Isitinthatfactory“RedFlag”carsareproduceBd..wAh.einrewhichC.whichD.that第15页，共16页\n学习必备欢迎下载三挑选1-5ADACC6-10ACABB[参考答案]1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|*|*||欢.|迎.|下.|载.第16页，共16页