初中定语从句讲解及练习 3页

初中定语从句讲解及练习一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?定语从句练习练习(一)请分析一下定语从句：(请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.6.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?8.HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.9.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.10.Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?\n12.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.13.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.14.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.15.AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.二、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2.Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.Thewoman_______________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.Therunner________________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.7.Theperson______________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.8.Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.11.Thestorybook____________Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.Aclockisamachine______tellspeoplethetime.13.Thisisshirt_______________Iboughtyesterday.14.Adictionaryisabook_____________givesthemeaningtotheword.15.Thebook____________isonthetableismine.16.Thefilm____________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_____Ihaveevervisited.18.Isthereanyone____________familyisinBeijing?19.Showmetheboy______________motherisawell-knownsinger.20.Theboy______fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.三、单项选择()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()2.What’sthenameoftheprogram________.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening()3.Thestudentswereallinterested____youtoldthemyesterday.A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthatD.ineverything()4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which()5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat()6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()7.Doyouknowthestudent_____?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk()8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its()9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary_____?A.whatIneedB.IneedC.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit()10.Theyoungwoman_____Ispokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that\n练习(一)一、注：（划了线的是定语从句）方框里的词是先行词1.     CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.（2.     AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.     Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.     Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.     Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.6.     Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?8.     HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.9.     MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.10. Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?12. Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.13. Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.14. Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.15. AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.二、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.       Thisistheman__that\who______wantstoseeyou.2.       Thestudent____that\who_______answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.       Theman_____that\who_____youwenttoseehascome.4.       Theman_____that\who_\whom_____Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.       Thewoman______that\who\whom_________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.       Therunner_______that\who\whom_________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.7.       Theperson_____that\who\whom_________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.8.       Theman_____that\who______waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.       Hereisthepen___that\which______youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.   Thesebooks____that\which_________youlentmewereveryuseful.11.   Thestorybook_______that\which______Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.   Aclockisamachine____that\which___tellspeoplethetime.13.   Thisisshirt_______that\which_________Iboughtyesterday.14.   Adictionaryisabook___that\which___________givesthemeaningtotheword.15.   Thebook_____that\which________isonthetableismine.16.   Thefilm_______that\which______theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.   Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces__that___Ihaveevervisited.18.   Isthereanyone______whose______familyisinBeijing?19.   Showmetheboy_____whose_________motherisawell-knownsinger.20.   Theboy____whose__fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.三选择1-5ADACC6-10ACABB