初中介词专项练习 7页

  • 91.61 KB
  • 2022-08-27 发布

初中介词专项练习

  • 7页
  • 当前文档由用户上传发布,收益归属用户
  1. 1、本文档由用户上传,淘文库整理发布,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,请立即联系网站客服。
  3. 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细阅读内容确认后进行付费下载。
  4. 网站客服QQ:403074932
中考专题一之介词一、考纲解读熟悉掌握常用介的基本用法(表示、地点、方式等),以及一些常的固定搭配。由于每个介都可以表达不同的含,且无律可循,因此在考考生注意收集介和各搭配构成的短。二、考点一时间介词分基本用法例子类时at多用于表示具体的刻前,也可用于固定搭配中,atseven在七点;ataquartertoone在12点45间表示的大多比短。有at+年=attheageof分atnoon在正午;atnight在晚上,深夜,入介睡刻atmidnight在午夜词in用于月、四季,年,年代,世或泛指一天的上午、inthe___century在21世下午、晚上等。其后可以加段,用于表示“从in1990;inAugust;intheevening在晚上在起,多以后或多久以后”,此常用于一般将inautumn在秋天;inthemorning在早上;来。inthe1990s在20世九十年代Theywillfinishtheworkinanhour.on主要用于日期、星期、日等具体的某一天前;具onMid-AutumnDay;onJune1st;体某一天的早上、中午、晚上前;morning,afternoon,onMonday;onSeptember3rd,1990;evening,night等前有修也用on。Onacoldwintermorningin1996.since指从某一直延至今,后接表示去的HehasstudiedEnglishsince2000.点;主句用在完成from明开始的,可用去、在、将来的Fromnowon,IwilllearnEnglishinthemornings.某种for指作延穿整个程,后接段。IhavestudiedEnglishfor6years.after:(1)后加段,表示在以去起点的某一段Theyfinishedtheworkaftertwoyears.之后,用于去;他在两年之后完成了工作。(2)与点用可用于一般在/去/将来Iwillringyouupaftertwoo’clock.两点之后,我将会打你。until用于否定句中,意“直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯”,其前的Ididn’tgotobeduntilmymothercamehome.多用瞬;用在肯定句中,意“直到⋯⋯Iwaitedformymotheruntilshecamehome.止”,其前的需要延性。我等我直到她回家止。by+点,表示“到⋯⋯止”,如果by后加“将Wehadlearned1,000Englishwordsbytheendof来的点”用一般将来;如果by后面跟一个lastterm.到上个学期末止,我已学了1,000去的点用去完成个英。“during+段”与延性用表示某期的Heliveswithusduringtheseyears.作before表示。独用(adv)常用于完成;后接从句()从句常用一般在表将来(主将从);后面从句如果是一般去,主句用去完成;后接点(介),意“在⋯⋯之前”IhaveneverbeentoBeijingbefore!IwillfinishmyhomeworkbeforetheTVplaybegins.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedthestation.Pleasebringyourhomeworkbeforeteno’clock.1、attheendof------,“在-------的底/末”,“在-------的尽”,(后可加或地点)。常用一般将来或一般去。句中的一般无延性。intheend,“最后”“于”=atlast=finally(只用来表示)bytheendof-------“到-------底/末”,(只用来表示),常用于去完成或一般将来。句中的一般有延性。2、in+段“-------以后”,用于一般将来;。after+段“-------以后”,常用于一般去另外,in后不能加点。after后能加点,常用于一般将来,也可用于其他。3、inthepast,“在去”,与去用;inthepast/last+段,“在去的···中”,常与在完成用,(表示从在算起的去的一段,包括此此刻在内)。Inthepastfewyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourschool.在去的几年里,我学校生了巨大的化。3、intime及ontime按三、考点二地点介词分基本用法例子1/7\n类地at多用于小的地点前(at用于短点;arriveat加小地点)介in用在大的地方前,arrivein加大地点词on表示“在⋯⋯上面”,表示接触over(反under)表示“在⋯⋯正上方”,表示垂直在上(不接触)above(反below)表示“在⋯⋯上面”,泛指上方(不接触)infrontof表示“在⋯⋯前面”(范外)inthefrontof表示“在⋯⋯的前部”(范内)before所表示的位置关系和infrontof通用,表示“在⋯⋯前面”behind“在⋯后面”,是infrontof的反atthebackof表示“在⋯⋯后部”,是inthefrontof的反短by表示“在⋯⋯旁”,与beside同beside“在⋯⋯旁”,靠近;besides,“除了----,有----”“而且”near“在⋯⋯附近”,距离比by和nextto远nextto“,在⋯⋯旁”,相当于closetobetween“在⋯⋯之”,两者之或众多事物的“两两之”among“在⋯⋯之”,表示“三者或三者以上之”around“在⋯⋯周”,境into表示有特定的运方向,常用用,意“入”outof“从⋯⋯里面出来”,与into意思相反through表示从空“穿”across表示从平面“穿”river,to(toward,towards)表示方向,意“到某地”或“朝,向”along表示“着,沿着”(一)across,through,over,past的区易混用法across表示“穿,越”,含有“从.....表面穿”之意,或指从一到另一而行的作,表示游渡、乘船海或河用acrossthrough都表示“穿,越”,含有“从.....内部”穿之意over多指在空范上“越”past指“”指从旁。(二)表示方位的介in,on,to的区易混用法in表示在某一范之内(内含)on表示与某地是毗关系(相切)to表示在某一范之外(外离)atthebusstop;athomearriveattheairport到达机arriveinChina;intheworld在世界上Lookatthebookonthedesk.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上面有一座。Raiseyourarmsaboveyourhead.把你的胳膊到上。Therearesometreesinfrontoftheclassroom.(大在教室外面)Ourteacherusuallysitsinthefrontoftheclassroom.(教室里面的前面)Hesitsinfrontof/beforeme.Don’thidebehindthetree.Thereisablackboardatthebackofourclassroom.我教室后部有黑板。Welivebytheriver.我住在河。Who’sthatgirlbesidetheboy?在男孩旁的那个女孩是?Isthereahospitalnearhere?Theboynexttoherismyclassmate.Youmustchooseonebetweenherandme.Heisthetallestamongallthechildren.Let’sshowyouaroundthecity.我你在城里。Thehareranintotheforest.野兔跑了森林。Thestudentsaregoingintotheschoolbusinorder/onebyone.Theharecameoutofitscave.野兔从它的洞里出来了。Thestudentsarecomingoutoftheschoolbusonebyone.Thelittledogcangothroughtheholeinthedoor.那只小狗能从洞里出来。Goacrossthebridgeandthenturnleft.然后左。MyfatherwillgotoBeijingnextweek.Thewindowsopentowardsthesouth.个窗向南开。Goalongthisstreet.例句Hecanswimacrosstheriver.他可以游条河。Shehadtopushherwaythroughthecrowdtogettoherson.她必开人群到达她儿子身。Theplaneflewoveralineofmountainsinthesoutheast.机从南部的群山上。Theywalkedpastatalltree.他路一高高的。例句GuangzhouisinthesouthofChinaVietnam(越南)isonthesouthofChinaJapanliestotheeastofChina2/7\n四、考点三方式介词(一)in,with和by表示“用”时的区别易混词用法in主要表示用语言、声音、原材料等。还可以用于一些词组中,如:insilence,insurprise,inaloudvoice等withwith表示使用的工具或手段,一般接具体的手段或工具(具体有形的东西)byby表示一种方式或方法,后面的名词不加冠词,也无复数形式。还可以表示用......手段或方式,后常接动名词(二)with和without的区别易混词用法with有“和---;附带,带有”之意。有时候还可以表示“伴随”,如:Ilikesleepingwithoutwiththelighton有“没有”之意例句CanyousingthissonginEnglish?Youcanwriteinblackink.你可以用黑色墨水写。Iwritemyhomeworkwithapen.Theygotoschoolbybike.Thegirlmademoneybysellingflowers.例句withthehelpof在...的帮助下playwith和谁一起玩adeskwiththreelegswithouthelp没有帮助withoutbreakfast没吃早餐(三)by,in和on表示旅行方式的区别by+交通工具的单数=on/in+修饰词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词等)+交通工具五、考点四常用介词的用法及辨析:(一)in和on的区别易混词用法例句onthetree表示枝、叶、果实等长“在Therearesomeapplesonthetrees.树上有些苹树上”果。inthetree表示人或其他东西“在树上”Therearesomemonkeysinthetree.树上有些猴子。onthewall表示东西粘贴或挂“在墙上”Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有一幅画。inthewall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”Thereisaholeinthewall.墙上有个洞。(二)after与behind区别两个词都有“在······后”之意,behind只表示位置方面的“在······之后”,不能表示时间,而after则表示时间方面的“在······之后”。Forexamples:behindtheschool在学校后面;after5o’clock5点之后;afterthehouse在房子后面(三)、at和to表行为对象时的区别易混词用法例句at与某些动词连用,表攻击的shoutat对·····大喊;laughat嘲笑目标,含有某种程度的恶意。Don’tlaughatothers.Itisimpolite.to只表示方向,没有恶意Shecametomeandshookmyhandwarmly.她向我走来并且热情地跟我握手。(四)、of和in用于最高级结构中的区别易混词用法例句of后接数词或可数名词复数Tomisthetallestofthefour.汤姆是这四个孩子中个子最高的。in后一般接表示地理区域的可Tomisthetallestboyintheclass.汤姆是班里个子数名词的单数形式最高的男孩。(五)、to的两种用法的区别易混词用法例句to介词+名词,代词或动名词。payattentionto注意······;makeacontributionto贡献;getusedto习惯于;prefer···to···更喜欢;lookforwardto···期待动词不定式+动词原形wanttodosth.(六)、for,to和towards的区别decidetodosth.易混词用法例句3/7\nfor常用在leave,start后,表示运的方TheywillleaveforBeijingtoattendthe向或目的。meetingnextmonth.下个月他将去北京参加会。to接在go,come,return,move等后,表WhendidyoureturntoDongguanafter示目的地theholiday?假期后,你什么候返回莞?towards意“朝,向”,只明运的方向,Shewalkedslowlytowardsme.没有“到达”的意思她慢慢地向我走来。(七)、but,besides和except的区易混用法例句but表示“除······之外”,常与含有Wecandonothingbutwait.否定意的用,当but前有do除了等待我什么也做不了。,but后接名原形。except表示“除······之外(不再有)”,Allthestudentsgotothezooexcept指从整体中排除except所的人或物,Jim.前面常有all,every,any,no等。除了吉姆,所有的学生都去了物园。besides表示“除······之外(有)”,Ihaveafewfriendsbesidesyou.它的意思是在原来的基上加上besides除了你之外,我有几个好朋友。所的人或物,其前常有other,another,anyother,afew等。(八)、ofsb.与forsb.的区1、ofsb.“于(某人)”用于Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.句型中,形容clever,kind,nice等描述人物性格特征的,of后的人物与形容有主表关系。Itisverykindofyouhelptheoldman./2、forsb.“于(某人)”,用于Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.句型中,形容easy,important等不描述人物性格特征的,for后中的人物与形容没有主表关系。Itisimportantforustostudyhard.六、考点五介词短语介在运用中常常和名、、形容等构成固定搭配,些固定搭配在句子中表十分活1、介与名的固定搭配inaword=inshort=inbrief而言之inorder妥当,适宜,正常inone’slife在某人一生中ondisplay/show列,展intime及ontime准,按inthedaytime在白天atsea在海上onfoot步行inthenight在夜atnight在夜里insurprise惊奇地inahurry匆忙,急忙atthefootof在⋯⋯脚下insilence静静地inalowvoice小声地inline成一直inarow成一排inpublic当众inperson自atthetable在桌子旁attable在就餐inpairs成地ingroups成地daybyday日复一日inthedistance在yearbyyear年复一年inthemiddle(center)of在⋯⋯中(中心)onebyone一个接一个introuble于困境inneed在危中littlebylittle一点一点indanger在危中ofcourse当然(可以)stepbystep一步一步infact事上intotal共atschool在上学outofbreath上气不接下in+言用-----气atthesametime同byhand手inthestreet在街上ontheroad在路上工outofsight消失,看不outofwork失bytheway便inthisway用种方式业onduty日ontopof在⋯⋯intheway道,碍事上onthe+器通-----inaway在某种程度上ontheleft/right在左/右onthewayto----在去----路上ontheothersideof在-----的另一onone’sway在to某人去⋯的路上ontheotherhand另外一方面atthemeeting在会上inspace在太空bybythetime到----候spaceship乘坐宇宙船ontheotherhand另外一方面toone’ssurprise/joy使某人吃惊、高的是2介与形容的固定搭配(前面一般有be)4/7\ncarefulabout小心sureabout/of肯定certainabout/of有把握goodat擅goodfor⋯⋯有好goodwith善于付--goodto对----友好thankfulto对-----感激kindto对---友好friendlyto对---友好surprised/amazedat⋯⋯吃惊famous/knownfor因⋯而出名famous/knownas作⋯而出名readyfor⋯⋯做好了准sorryfor意不去latefor到differentfrom与⋯不同similarto和---相似thesameas和---一模一besuccessfulin=succeedin在----方面成功3介与的固定搭配laughat嘲笑takepartin参加thinkof想出thinkabout考,思考goonwith----继续-----worryabout=beworriedabout⋯⋯担心lookafter=takecareof照看,照料looklike看起来像lookfor找-lookat看着lookthrough浏览Lookoutof向----外看lookout小心、当心lookup查阅come/get/runoutof从----出来listento听------hearfrom收到⋯·来信=get/receive/havealetterfrom---arrivein到达(大地方)arriveat到达(小地方)getto到达waitfor等候agreewith同意,同thinkabout考thinkof;想出;comeupwith想出catchupwith赶上,追上keepupwith跟上,跟comefrom=befrom来自payfor支付shoutat⋯⋯叫嚷talkaboutsth某事talkto/withsb和某人speaktosb某人knockat/onthedoor敲playwith玩耍pointat指向pointto指向,表明shoutat对---叫嚷shoutto大喊某人真操disappointedin对----失望interestedin⋯⋯,感趣=take/showinterestin对----感趣proudof=takepridein而傲tiredof倦afraidof害怕shortof短缺fullof=filledwith充familiarto⋯⋯所熟悉satisfiedwith⋯⋯意busywith忙于friendly/kindto⋯⋯友好angrywith生---的气strictwithsb,某人要求格strictinsth,某事要求格hardonsb对----苛刻hearof听lookforwardto盼望getonwithsb.与某人相dowellin=begoodat在⋯⋯学/做得好fallbehind落后turn..into..=changeinto把⋯⋯成translate---into把----翻-----help----.with..帮助⋯⋯做take/catchholdof抓住decideon决定handin上交handout分handinhand手拉手havenothingtodowith与⋯无关havesomethingtodowith与⋯有关baseon以⋯面⋯·根据keep----outof不⋯⋯入keep----(away)from---使---离----leave---for---离开(去另一个地方)goinfor从事,致力于dealwith(how)置,待dowith(what)理,置fill---with----充,装dependon依靠,依,取决于tie..to..把⋯⋯·系在⋯⋯·上passon传递smileat⋯⋯⋯微笑believein信任belongto属于lookaround向四周看writeto⋯⋯写信show----around某人参某地regard.as.把⋯⋯看作treat----as-----把---当做---待prefer----to-----比起----更喜-----1、___March8,2014,theflightofMalaysiaAirlinesMH370gotlostwith239passengers___it.A.On;inB.To;onC.At;inD.At;on2、Theforeignersarrived_____Shanghai____night.A.at;atB.in;atC.in;inD.at;in3、Conniearrived_____thevillage_____asnowynight.A.at;onB.at;inC.in;atD.in;on4、Theyusuallygoshopping_____theirlunchbreak.A.againstB.amongC.betweenD.during5、——Whatwillyoudo____thesummerholiday?——IthinkIshallwatchLondonOlympicGames.Itwill____inAugust.A.during;beheldB.at;hold5/7\nC.during;holdD.at;behold6、—Doyouoftengoswimming____Sundaymorning?—Yes.Whynot____withmethisSunday?A.on;goB.in;togoC.on;goingD.in;goingIwasborn___aFridaymorning.A.inB.onC.atD.for8、Wow!Tenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdays___October.A.inB.onC.atD.to9、Myfriend,Henry,wasborn_____June10th,1997.A.inB.onC.atD.for10、Welcometoourhotel!Ihopeyou’llhaveagoodtime____yourstayhere.A.afterB.duringC.withD.since11、Bothofmyparentswereborn___1970.A.inB.onC.atD.to12、—Whenwasyouborn?—Iwasborn____acoldwintermorningin1996.A.inB.onC.at13、Ihearourteacherwillbeback____threeweeks’time.A.atB.inC.forD.after14、Thesweetsmelloftheflowersinthegardencomesin_____theopenwindowsmakingusfeelinagoodmood.(心情)A.on;B.withC.through15、Theoldmanisagoodswimmer,andevennowhealwaysswims____thePearlRiveraftersupper.A.overB.throughC.toD.across16、—Whyareyoustanding,Alice?—Ican’tseetheblackboardclearly.Twotalltoysaresitting___me.A.behind;B.nexttoC.betweenD.infrontof17、Wushuisbecomingmoreandmorepopular_____westerners.A.amongB.betweenC.inD.within18、——Isthisyourfatherhome?——No,he’sworkinglate____theoffice.A.onB.atC.ofD.to19、Icouldn’tdoit____yourgreathelp.Thanksalot.A.withB.withoutC.forD.to20、—Kelly,who’sthegirl____glassesinthephoto?—It’sme.Iusedtowearglassesandhavelonghair.A.byB.ofC.onD.With21、It’stime____theweatherreport.Turnontheradio,please.A.toB.inC.atD.for22、Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperience____theirclassmates.A.toB.inC.atD.with23、YoucanimproveyourEnglish____practicingmore.A.byB.withC.ofD.in24、____7,Brucewonsecondprizeinthepianocompetition.A.In;B.At;C.OnD.for25、Ilikegoingtoschool____mybike.A.inB.onC.byD.at26、Afterthefinalexam,Changchang,____hermother,isgoingtotraveltoCanadainsteadofstayingathomeallthetime.A.andB.withC.aswell27、Billhasmadegreatprogress____thehelpofhisteachers.A.forB.withC.under28、—Whodidyougotothemovies____?—Nobody.Iwentalone.A.withB.aboutC.forD.from29、Mostpeopleare_____buildingapaperfactorynearhere.Theyareworriedtheriverwillgetpolluted.A.forB.withC.againstD.beyond30、Theboylooksnice____whitewhiletheredsweaterlooksgood___thegirl.6/7\nA.with;onB.in;onC.on;inD.in;with31、TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebrated_____differentways____thesametimeindifferentplaceseveryyear.A.on;inB.in;atC.on;atD.on;at32、MyauntJanetriedherbesttoreduceherweight____6kg.A.aboutB.atC.toD.by33、—Yourbaglooksthesame____mine.—Oh,really?It’sagift____myfather.A.with;toB.with;fromC.as;onD.as;from34、.——Thisproblemsisfar____me;IamafraidIcan’tworkitout.——Don’tworry,wewillhelpyou.A.beyondB.besideC.behindD.between35、Shehadtosellthehouseeventhoughitwas____herownwishes.A.forB.aboveC.againstD.on36、——CanIjoinOxfamTrail-walker?——Onlyifyouare___eighteen.A.overB.underC.blowD.on37.Shealwayswantstodothejobwhichshehasbeentrained____.A.forB.byC.onD.off38.——Excuseme.CouldyoutellmethewaytothePeople’sHospital?——Walkalongthisstreet_____theendandyou’llfinditonyourleft.A.inB.byC.toD.at39、——Whatdidyouget____yourbirthday,Tony?——AniPad3,frommyaunt.A.toB.atC.withD.for40.—Alltheworkerswenthomeyesterday_____Mr.White.Why?—Becausehewasonduty.A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptforD.beside41.—Whoelsedoyouknowattheparty____JimandTom?—LucyandLily.A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptforD.beside42.—Cityairisverydirty,soitwouldbewise____youtowashyourhairoften.—Iknow,butitisnoteasy_____metodothateveryday.A.for;ofB.of;ofC.of;forD.for;for1-5ABADA6-10ABABB11-15ABBCD16-20DABBD21-25DDABB26-30BBACB31-35BDDAC36-40AACDA41-42BC7/7

相关文档