初中情态动词讲解及练习 8页

情态动词Lcan(could)1)表示能力，could主要指过去时间。Twoeyescanseemorethanone.两只眼比一只眼看得清。Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?这女孩上学前能识字吗？2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。Hecan"t(couldn't)haveenoughmoneyforanewcai*.他不可能有足够的钱买新车。Youmustn'tsmokewhileyou'rewalkingaroundinthewood.Youcouldstartafire.在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。3)表不允许。CanIhavealookatyournewpen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereading-room.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Wherecan(could)theyhavegoneto?他们会去哪儿了呢？Hecan't(couldn?t)beoversixty.他不可能超过六十岁。Howcanyoubesocareless?你怎么这么粗心？5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?帮我一把好吗？rmafraidwecouldn51giveyouananswertoday.恐怕我们今夭不能给你答复。2.may(might)1)表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.你喜欢什么就拿什么。HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？\n在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，女山Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedon't./You'dbetternot./No,youmustn't.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。2）表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不冃疋。Hemaybeathome.他可能在家。Shemaynotknowaboutit.她可能不知道这件事。Hewasafraidtheymightnotagreewithhim.他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。Theymightbehavingameeting,butI*mnotsure.他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。2.must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。Youmusin'ttalktoherlikethat.你不可能那样对她说话。—Mustwehandinourexercise一booksnow?我们现在就耍交练习本吗？—No,youneedn'匸/No,youdon'thaveto.不必。2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。She'swearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。3.shall1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。ShallIgetyousometea?我给你点茶好吗？Shalltheboywaitoutside?让那男孩在外面等吗？Whatshallwedothisevening?我们今晩做什么？2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三\n人称陈述句。YoushalldoasIsay.按我说的做。（命令）Youshallhavemyanswertomonow.你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺）HeshallbesoiTyforitoneday,Itellyou.有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（警告）Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心）2.will1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。Iwilldoanythingforyou.我愿为你做任何事。NoneissoblindasthosewhowonJtsee.不愿看的人眼最瞎。Ifyouwillreadthebook,T11lendittoyou.如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。2）表请求，用于疑问句。Willyouclosethewindow?It?sabitcold.请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。Won'tyoudrinksomemorecoffee?再来一点咖啡好吗？3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fishwilldieoutofwater.鱼离开水就不能活。Thedoorwon?topen.这门打不开。Theboywillsittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点，看着车辆行人通过。3.should1）表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。Youshould"'twasteanytime.你不应该浪费时间。2）表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。\nThefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。Theyshouldbehomebynow.照说他们现在应当已经到家了。2.would1）表意愿。Theywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed.他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。IsaidIwoulddoanythingforyou.我说过我愿意为你做任何事。1)表委婉地提岀请求、建议或看法。Wouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer?再来杯啤酒好吗？Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow?请把窗户擦一下好吗？Theywouldn,thaveanythingagainstit.他们不会有什么反对意见。2)表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Everytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp.她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。8・oughtto1)表义务，意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做)，口气比should稍重。Youarehisfathe匸Yououghttotakecareofhim.你是他父亲，应当管他。Yououghtn*ttosmokesomuch.你不应该抽这么多烟。2)表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber.韩梅该知道他的电话号码。There?safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。\n9.usedto表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。Heusedtoliveinthecountryside,butnowhelivesinthecity.他过去住在乡下,现在住在城里。Thereusedtobeabuildingatthestreetcorner,butithasbeenpulleddown.街道拐角处过去有座楼房，现在拆了。Iusedn,t(didn,tuse)tosmoke.我过去不抽烟。Usedyou(Didyouuse)togotoschoolonfoot?你过去常步行去学校吗？(-)用适当的情态动词填空。1.MustIbonowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you.2.Iuseyourcar?Yes,you.3.Igohomenow?No,youstayhere.4.Mymotherisill.Istayathomeandlookafterher.5-youlikesometea?6.Youtakemoreexercise.7.youtellmehowtogettotheQingyunPark?8.Theclocktellusthetime.9.youliketogofishingwithme?10.weplayfootballthisafternoon?（-）按要求改写句子。1•Icanrunfast.Ifast.（否定句）2.Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）Ithebooknow?No,you・3.Hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑问句）hebasketballwell?4.Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）\nTheythebooksoutoftheroom.2.Heshouldgetupearly.（否定句）Hegetuplate.（三）•选择题。1.Igoouttoplavnow,Mum?No,youA-May,shouldn'tB・Can,needn9tC.Must,can'tD.May.mustn^t2.Helpmewiththiscase-you?A.don9tB.willC-doD.shall3.Theystartedearlythatmorninginorderthattheytherebeforenoon.A•mightgetB.maygetC.wouldgetD•got4.Ateacherdoeveryexercise,butapupil.A.needn^t,mustB.maynot,mustC.needrTt,needn^tD.can，t，must5.IfyoudoasItellyou,yougototheparty.A.can,shaiftB-will,worTtC-won't,shallD.won，t,shaiftA.willB-wouldC.doD.can7.Don9tbelievehim.Hisstorybetrue.A.mustn'tB-needrTtC.shouldn'tD.maynot8.一-Shemusthavegonebacktothevalley.…No,she•Theentrancetoitwasnowheretobefound-A.mustn^tB.needn'tC.couldn'tD.hadn^t9.Youneednotdoitatonce,?A-needn?tyouB.mustn9tyouC.don'tyouD.needyou10.Hemustbeintheclassroom-he?A-mustn'tB.can'tC.isiftD.Can11.Let'sgotothelibrary・shallwe?・A.No,Ican'tB.Yes.IwillC.Yes,thankyouD.No,We?dbetternot12.Yououghttohavecalledhimyesterday.Yes,IknowI.A•oughttoB•oughttohaveC.oughttohavedoneD.oughttohavecalled13.■一Whydidyoukeepitasecretfromme?…Iaboutit.A-shouldbetoldB.oughttohavebeentoldC.shouldhavetoldD.oughttobetold14.Theworkbefinishedinsuchashorttime-A-wasn?tabletoB.couldrTtC.oughtD.could\n7.Helooksverytired.Hetobedtoolatelastnight.A-mustgoB.musthavegoneC-couldgoD・didn'tgo8.Thedoorlock.A-can?tB.maynotC.won%D.mustn't9.Asasoldier,youdoastheheadtellsyou.A.willB•shallC.mayD.ought18.Howyoubesocareless?A.canB.willC.couldD-may19.1talkedforalongtime,andintheendImakeherbelieveme.A-couldB.canC.mustD.wasableto20.Didyouscoldhimforcarelessness?Yes,butit.A-FdrathernotdoB.FdrathernothavedoneC.Ishouldn'tdoD・I'dbetternotdo21.Heneedn'tcometoattendthemeeting.?A.didn9theB.doesn'theC.needheD.musthe22.Fishdiewithoutwater.A-willB.shouldC.shallD.must23.We9dbetterhurry.Ourteacherus.A•waitforB•mustwaitforC.mustbewaitingforD.haswaitedfor24.1sawhimleavetheroomanhourago.Heatthistime.A-mustn'tbeworkingB・can'tbeworking\nC.can'twork25.basketballeveryday?A.DidyouusedtoplayingD.maynotbeingworkingB.DidyouusetoplayD>UsedyouplayC.Useyoutoplay