初中语法讲解系列(附练习)——名词 4页

名词名词数的分类(可数名词［C］与不可数名词［U］)I、［C］与［U］的辨别(1)［C］有单、复数形式，而［U］只有单数形式［C］分为个体名词(如apple,desk)和集体名词(如family,group)［U］分为抽象名词(行为、品质、感情、状态)和物质名词(如water,milk)(2)不定冠词、基数词可直接修饰［C］,表数量；而［U］表数量时用“不定冠词/基数词+单位名词+of+［U］”(3)［C］用many,afew,few,several修饰；［U］用much,little,alittle修饰。some和any二者皆可修饰2、［C］复数变化规则(1)规则变化①一般加-s②以s,x,ch,sh结尾，力口-es③以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-es④以f,fe结尾，直接加-s,或把f,fe变为v再加-es⑤以o结尾,有生命加-es,无生命加-s(2)不规则变化①变内部元音man-men,foot-feet②完全不规则mouse-mice③单复数同形fish,sheep,deer,Chinese(3)合成名词的复数形式①一般只变主体词girlstudent-girlstudents②由man和woman构成的合成名词，贝！J全都变mandrivcr-mendrivers二、名词所有格］、's所有格(1)普通单数名词，直接加's(2)词尾已有-s的复数名词，只加’(3)词尾不带-s的复数名词，直接加’s(4)表示共有的所有关系，最后一个词加's(5)表示各自的所有关系，每个词尾加’s(6)表示某人家、店铺、办公室，词尾加's,省略其后名词2、of所有格名词+of+名词3、双重所有格of+名词’s或of+名词性物主代词三、名词的用法(主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、同位语)Motherisn'tathome.Weconsidcrhisbrotheracleverboy.Theschoollibrarywasbuiltlastyear.MrWang,ourEnglishteacher,isveryknowledgeable.\n课堂练习1.Mymotherisanurse,.Sheworksinafamoush.2.Myhiscollectingstamps.Ihavecollectedthousandsofstamps.3.KanasLakeisaverybeautifulplace.Alargenumberof(旅游者)comeheretoenjoythemselveseveryyear.4.Look,Mum!Alltheboxesintheroomarefilledwith(蔬菜)•5.Yourparentsareyourfandmother.6.Ifthere'ssomethingwrongwithyourteeth,you'dbettertoseead•7.MissQinisagoodt.SheteachesEnglishwell.&Noweverydayalotofp(乘客)arecarriedtotheWorldExpoGardenbyundergroundinShanghai.9.Theyhaveinviteda(science)togivethemaspeechonspace.10.Wedolotsofoutdoor(active)whenspringcomes.11.Therearemore(sheep)inAustraliathaninJapan.12.Itisagoodhabittobrushyour(tooth)aftereachmeal.13.一Mum,todayisyourday,theWomen'sDay.Herearesome(flower)foryou.一It'sverythoughtfulofyou.Thanks,Kitty.14.Weneedeleven(play)foroursoccerteam.15.Chocolateisusuallythe(child)favoritefood・\n课后作业1.YoucangetmuchabouttheWorldExpoontheIntenet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD・information2.Thedoctortoldmetoeatmorebecauseit'sgoodformyhealth.A.orangeB.vegetablesC.icecreamD.fish3.一YaoMingisverypopularamongteenagers.一Yes.Manymiddleschoolstudentsarehis.A.heroesB.starsC.fansD・brothers4.Cicienjoysdancing.It'soneofher.A.prizeB.prizesC・hobbyD.hobbies5.Therearemanyatthefootofthehill.A.cowB.horseC・sheepD・fish6.Idon'tknowhowtokeephealthy,canyougiveme?A.anadviceB.lotsofadvicesC.afewadvicesD.someadvice7.1likealot,andmymotherusuallycooksitindifferentways.A.fishB.potatoesC・noodlesD.tomatoes1.一Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheboywhohelpedyoujustnow?一SonyIknownothingabouthim.Weare•A.friendsB.neighborsC.classmatesD・strangers2.一WhatdoyouhaveforPail?一Ithinkheshouldstudyharderthanbefore.A.newsB.adviceC.helpD.information3.Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmanyinit.A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water4.Couldyoutakeforthese?TheyareverybeautifulA.anyphotos;tomatoesB.somephotos;tomatoesC.somephotos;tomatosD.anyphotos;tomatos\n1.Look!Thekitesintheskyareindifferent•Somearebigandsomearesmall.A.sizeB.sizesC・colourD.colours2.一Howfarisyourcousin'shomefromhere?一It'sabouttwodrive.A.hour'sB.hoursC.hours1D.hour14・Thisisnotmydictionary.Itfs.Shelentittomethismorning.A.mysisterB.mysistersC.mysistefsD.mysisters115.Mikeandhisfriendaregoingtothetoseethenewactionmovietonight.A.bookshopB.restaurantC.concertD.cinema16.Itisfiveyeassincewebegantoenjoyaspringholidayeachyear.A.ten-dayB.tendayC.tenday'sD.ten-days17.theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andoneforthofthemareteachers.•A.Anumberof;womenB.Amunberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;woman1&Thereisapicturemyfanilyonthewall.A.ofB.upC.afterD.to19.一Dothedishes,Mike,orIwilltellmum!一Mindyourown，Sue!A.actionB.dutyC.businessD.way20.Letfsgotothistofindapairofshoestomatchmynewskirt.A.shoeshopB.toyshopC.electricalshopD・clothesshop