高中英语之倒装. 26页

倒装Inversion\n倒装英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，如果将谓语的一部分或全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。倒装既是一种语法手段，也是一种修辞手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。\n倒装种类完全倒装：如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。Hereisthebookyouwant.不完全倒装：如果将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这称之为部分倒装。Onlybyworkinghardcanonesucceed.\n*如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。WelldoIrememberthedayIjoinedtheLeague.\n常见的完全倒装结构1.therebe句型Thereisamobilephoneandsomebooksonthedesk.*引导词there还可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,stand,live等词。Therestandtwowhitehousesbytheriver.Therelivedanoldfishermaninthevillage.\n2.here,there,now,thus,then+动词+主语的句型中（谓语动词多为be,go,come等）Herecomesthebus.Nowcomesmyturn.Theregoesthebell.3.以out,in,up,down,off,away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go,come,leave等句子里Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.Downfelltheleaves.Outshewent.Hereweare.\n4.“表语+系动词+主语”结构，表语可以是adj./ed分词/ing分词/介词短语Gonearethedayswhenhewaslookeddownupon.Presentatthemeetingaresomewell-knownscientists.Onthefloorwerepilesofoldbooks,magazinesandnewspapers.\n常见的部分倒装结构1.only+副词/介词短语/状语从句放在句首时OnlythendidIseelifewasnoteasy.只有那时我才知道生活是不易的。Onlyinthiswaycanyouusethecomputerwell.只有用这种方法你才能把电脑学好。Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.只有他病重时，他才待在床上。*only+状语从句，从句不倒装，主句倒装）\n2.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,not…until,not,seldom,little,rarely,nowhere,atnotime等含有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时NotasinglewordofEnglishcanhespeak.Ididn’tleaveuntilhecameback.=NotuntilhecamebackdidIleave.*Notuntil引出的主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。Hardlyhadhestartedtoleavewhenitbegantorain.他刚要离开，天就下起了雨。Nosoonerhadhehandedinhispaperthanherealizedhismistakes.\n3.so…that中的sosuch…that中的suchHewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.——Soexcitedwashethathecouldnotsayaword.Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself.——Suchwashisangerthathelostcontrolofhimself.位于句首时\n4.adv/adj/n/v/过去分词+as/though的让步状语从句Althoughsheispretty,sheisnotclever.=Prettyas/thoughsheis,sheisnotclever.Thoughthewasachild,hehadtomakealiving.=Childas/thoughhewas,hehadtomakealiving.*如果表语是单数可数名词，该词前一般不加冠词。Althoughhemaytry,hewillneversucceed.=?\n5.在含有were,had,should的if虚拟条件中，省略if，把were,had,should移至主语前IfIwereyou,Iwouldhelphim.=WereIyou,Iwouldhelphim.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethimthen.=Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethimthen.\n6.Notonly…butalso连接并列分句时，前倒后不倒；但连接并列主语时不倒装NotonlydoeshelikeEnglishbutIlikeEnglish.NotonlyhebutalsoIlikeEnglish.7.Neither…nor连接并列分句时，前后都倒装；连接并列主语时，不倒装NeitherdoeshelikeEnglish,nordoI(likeEnglish).NeitherhenorIlikeEnglish.\n8.Neither/nor位于句首表否定,意为“也不/没…”HehasnotbeentoBeijing,nor/neitherhaveI.Shewon’tgo,neither/norwillI.\n9.So位于句首表肯定，意为“也…”HehasbeentoBeijing,sohaveI.*如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“Soitisthesamewith+主语”结构或用“Soitiswith+主语”结构。Heworkedhard,butdidn'tpasstheexam.Soitwaswithhissister.Sheisateacherandsheenjoysteaching.SoitiswithMrLi.\nso+助动词+主语：倒装（指两人事）主语+助动词+so：宾语按主语要求去做…so+主语+助动词：指一人事，意为确实如此Sheisateacher.Soishermother.Shewantstohimtobeateacher.Hedoesso.Yousaysheisateacher.Sosheis.\n10.Nomatterwh…+从句=Wh…ever+从句，不倒装Nomatterhowbusyheis,healwayscomestoseeme.11.Themore…themore…Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Themoreheknows,themorehewantstoknow.\n12.表示祝愿的祈使句。adv+谓语+主语May+主语+谓语LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!Mayyousucceed!\n1. _____can you expect to get a pay rise.  A.With hard work         B. Although work hard  C. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard2. ____, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late is he               B. However he is lateC. However is he late              D. However late he isCD\n3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.A.did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized  C. the villagers did realizeD. didn’t the villagers realize4. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.A.didn’t realize          B. did I realize  C. I didn’t realize       D. I realizedAB\n5.—Do you know Jim quarrel withhis brother?—I don’t know, _______.  A.nor don’t I care                 B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither         D. I don’t care also6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.A.you can   B. can you     C. you will   D. will youBD\n7. _____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang. A.He hardly; then         B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; than      D. Not had he; when8. ______ snacks and drinks,but they also brought cards for entertainmentwhen they had a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bringBB\n9. Jack is a student and hestudies at the No. 2 Middle School. _____.A. It was the same with MikeB.So it is with MikeC. So is MikeD. So does Mike10._____,heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.A.TryashedoesB.AshetriesC.TryasdoesheD.AstryhedoesBA\n11. _____, I would have given you his address.A. If you asked meB. You had asked meC. Should you have asked meD.Had you asked me12. Not a single word ____ at the beginning.A. did he say   B. has he saidC. he said D. he has saidDA\n13. _____the plane.A. Flew down         B. Down flew  C. Down was flying      D. Down fly14. ______ I had time, I would have run around that lake again.A. If         B. Unless   C. Had   D. When15. There __ .A.come they              B. they come C. they are come          D. they will comeBCB\n16. Seldom ____ any mistakes during my past few years of working here.A. would I make       B. did I make C. I did make       D. shall I make17.  _____ that he could not speak for a long time.A.So frightened was he      B. So frightened he wasC. Was he so  frightened    D. Frightened was heBA