高中英语总结[1] 50页

―高中英语常用短语及句型归纳1．高考高频动词短语（1）act短语：actas担任……职务，起……作用actfor代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）actout表演（对话、故事等）actup捣乱，出毛病例如：IactedasaninterpreterwhileIwasinXiamen.MrBlackisactingfortheoldmaninhiscase.(布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)ThechildrenwereactingoutthestoryofthebirthofJesus.He’satoughkidandheactsupalot.（2）break短语：breakaway摆脱，脱离breakawayfrom…脱离……，奋力挣脱……breakdown出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解breakin打断，插话，闯入，强行进入breakinto…闯入……，破门而入break(sth)off（使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止breakout（战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发breakoutintears突然大哭breaktherule违反规定breakthrough突围，冲跨breakup分解，分裂，拆散，碎开例如:Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolice,butwaslatercaught.Ifyoukeeponworkinglikethat,you’llbreakdownsoonerorlater.Thecarbrokedownjustonmywayhere.Ifanyonetriestobreakin,thealarmwillgooff.Ifanyonetriestobreakintothebuilding,thealarmwillgooff.Shebrokeoffabitofbreadanddippeditinthesoup.Ibrokeofftheconversationandansweredthephone.Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout?Itmaytakealongtimetobreakthroughtheproblem.Inspringtheicebergsbegintobreakup.（3）bring短语：bringabout引起，导致，使发生bringalong把……带来，领来bringback拿回来，使恢复bringsbback送回某人bringsth/sbbacktolife使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒（比较：sth/sbcomebacktolife复苏，苏醒）bringdown使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下bringdown/up(theprice)降价／提价[比较：(theprice)godown/up价格下降/上涨]bringin引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收bringon发展，引起，导致，使前进bringout拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出\nbringto使苏醒bring…touse=put…touse对……加以利用bring/carrysthto/intoeffect实施……（比较：sthcome/gointoeffect开始实施）bringup抚养，培养，哺育例如：Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtaboutbythedestructionoftherainforests.You’rewelcometobringalongafriend.Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobringdowninflation(通货膨胀).Americancountrymusicbringsinmorethan$10billioneachyear.Thisnewkindoftechnologywasbroughtinintheearly1980s.Stresscanbringon(=leadto/resultin)headachesandotherillnesses.Jennyopenedthecupboardandbroughtoutacoupleofbottles.Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.（4）call短语：callat(sp)访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：callon(sb)拜访（某人），访问（某人）]callback回电话callfor提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人call/shoutforhelp呼救callin请来，召集，来访，打电话calloff取消callon/upon号召callout大声呼喊，叫喊callsb…forshort简称某人……callsbnames谩骂某人callup给……打电话，使人想起，号召例如：WecalledatMike’shouseyesterday.AllshipssailingontheoceanscallforhelpbyradioinEnglish.I’llcallformyuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.Let’scallinadoctorforthelittlegirl.Manyofthesesongscalledon/upontheworkerstotakeupthestruggle.Ishallcallonhimtomorrow.Iheardsomebodycallingouttomefromdownstairs.Callmeuptomorrow;mynumberis536291.Yourlettercallsupthedayswhenweworkedtogetherfifteenyearsago.Duetothebadweather,thesportsmeetinghasbeencalledoff.（5）come短语：comeabout发生，产生comeacross偶然相遇comealong来，随同，进展，加油comeat…向……袭击comeback回来，想起来，复活comedown下来，下落，传下comedownto…到达，从一处来到另一处comefor…来拿，来取comefrom…来自，出生于\ncomein进来，进入comeintobeing形成，产生comeintouse使用起来comeoff脱落，从……离开comeon过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快comeon/uponsb/sth偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现comeout露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开comeoverto…过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方comeround/around（非正式）来访，串门cometo…来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒cometoanend结束，终止cometoknow逐渐地知道cometolife（变得）活泼，苏醒过来cometolight显露，为人所知cometooneself苏醒过来，恢复知觉cometo/intopower当权，上台come/gotoruin=fallintoruin变成废墟cometotermswith…甘心忍受cometrue变为现实，成为事实comeup被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来comeuptosb朝某人走来comeupwith…提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上例如：Anumberofeducationalreformshavecomeaboutasaresultofthereport.Icameacrossanoldfriendofmineinthestreettheotherday.YourEnglishiscomingalongreallywell.Comealong/on!Don’tgiveupyet!Comealong/on!We’reallwaitingforyou!Suddenly,hecameatmewithaknife.Now,let’scomebacktowhatIwassayingamomentago.Itisimpossibleforadeadanimaltocomeback.SnowwascomingdownsothicklythatIcouldhardlyseethroughthewindow.Theairplanecamedowninthatfield.Wheredoesthefilmstarcomefrom,doyouknow?MrSmithcameininahurry,bookinhand(=withabookinhishand).Thelawfirstcameintobeingin1912.Bythetimehecameto/intopowerin1951,hewasalreadyseventy.Howlongisitsincetheelectroniccomputercameintouse?Thebuttoncameoff,buthedidn’tnoticeit.Thereisnodoubtthatthetruthwillcomeoutoneday.Thetreesturngreenandflowerscomeout.Thismagazinecomesoutonceamonth.Whydon’tyoucomearound/roundforlunch?Somedayyou’llcometoknowthemistakesyouhavemade.Iftheydon’tcometoadecisionbymidnight,thetalkswillbeabandoned.I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’llcometomelater.\nThebillcameto£480intotal.Hisdreamofbecomingafilmstarcametrueatlast.Achildcameuptomeandshowedmetheway.Thesameproblemscameupatthemeetingyesterday.Theycameupwiththesameproblemsatthemeetingyesterday.Searchingthroughthedrawer,IcameupontheletterI’dbeenlookingfor.（6）cut短语：cutaway切除，剪去cutdown砍倒，砍下，削减cutin插嘴，加塞，插入cutinline插队cut…intopieces/halves把……切成碎片/切成两半cutoff切断（线路），中断（供应）cutout删除，剪下来cutthecostof…降低……的成本cutup切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉例如：Hecutawaysomebranches,makingitlookmorebeautiful.Alotoftreestherewerecutdowninthepast.Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofthestorm.Hewassentencedtodeathandhadhisheadcutoffthenextday.Couldyoucutthepizzaup,please?（7）do短语：doabout处理，应付doanddon’t要与不要doagooddeed做一件好事doalotofwalking走很多路doatest做实验，做化验doawordpuzzle猜字谜doanexperiment/experiments做实验doawaywith废除dobody-building做健身操dochores处理琐事，干家务dohousework做家务活domake-up化妆，打扮doobservations观察doone’sbest尽某人最大努力doone’shomework做作业doresearchon…从事……研究工作dosbafavour帮某人一个忙dosbhonor=dohonortosb礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意dosbthefavourtodosth帮某人一个忙做某事dosomereading读书，阅读，看点书dosomeshopping=goshopping购物，买东西dosports=have/playsports=takeexercise进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼dosthinturn/byturns=taketurnstodosth/indoingsth轮流做某事dotelephoneinterviews进行电话采访dothelaundry洗衣服doup打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好doupone’sshoes/hair系好鞋带/梳好头doupthebutton扣纽扣dowell/betterin…在……方面干得好/更好dowith处理，处置，对付\ndowrong做坏事，做错事（比较：doright=dotherightthing做得对）例如：Totellthetruth,Idon’tknowhowtodowithhim.I’llhavenothingtodowithhimfromnowon.Whatdidyoudowiththatcamerayoufound?Thepoisonouswastemaydogreatharmtothethingsaroundus.Eatmorefruit;itwilldogoodtoyou.IthinkIcandobetterinEnglishthisyearthanlastyear.Lisztsaid,“You’vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.”I’mgoingtodomybestthisyear.Iwasonlytryingtodoagooddeed.（8）get短语：getabetterunderstandingofChina更好地了解中国getafullmark/fullmarks得满分getalotofsatisfaction得到满足getat意指，本意是getaround=getabout四处走动，活动getaway移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离getawayfrom逃脱，逃离getback回来，回家，取回，找回，退还getcloseto接近getdown下来，降下getdownonone’sknees跪下getdownto(doing)sth开始（做）某事）getin进入，收获，达到getinaword插话getinto…进入……getsbinto…使某人陷入getit接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得getoff下车，脱下（衣服等）geton上车，过活geton/alongwith…进展，与……相处getonone’sfeet（艰难地）站立起来getout离开，出去getoutof逃避，避免getover克服，恢复，原谅getup起床，起身getacross理解，度过getthrough接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）getto到达，抵达gettosleep入睡，设法睡着get/gain/takepossessionof占有，拥有，占领getreadyfor为……做准备（比较：bereadyfor=bewellpreparedfor=beinpreparationfor为……做好了准备）getridof除掉，去掉getsbtodo让某人做gettheideafor…想到……的主意getthemessageacross传播信息gettogether相聚，碰头，联欢get/beusedtosth习惯于……，适应于……（比较：beusedassth被用作……beusedforsth被用于……，用来做……beusedtodosth被用于做……usedtodosth过去常常做）\nget/bedressed穿衣服get/beengaged(tosb)（与某人）订婚get/belost丢失了，迷路get/bemarried(tosb)=marry(sb)（与某人）结婚get/bestuck陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难get/betiredof对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get/betiredfor因……而感到疲倦）例如：I’mgettingonwellwithmyclassmatesnow.HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglish?Hegotthebookawayfromher.Thebankrobbersusedastolencartogetaway.Whendidyougetbackfromthecountryside?Haveyougotbackthebookyoulenthim?“Getdownonyourknees,”saidtheGenie,“forIamgoingtokillyou.”Thedusthasgotintomyeyes.Thismistakemaygethimintodifficulties.BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits.Ifyouknockintosomeone,orgetintohisway,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”or“I’msorry.”WhenyouareinLondon,youmightgetintouchwithafriendofmine.Theconductorgotoffandcheckedtherails.Shegotonherbicycleandcycledoff.Youworktoohard!Youshouldgetoutabitmore.Ifyoudon’twanttogo,IsupposeIcangetridoftheticket.WealltrytogettogetheratleastonceayearatChristmastime.IttookusonlyfourminutestogetthroughtheCustoms(海关).Itelephonedhim,butIjustcouldn’tgetthroughtohim.Shefeltsocoldthatshegotclosetohermother.It’stimewegotdowntowork.Thetheatrewasalreadyfull,andwecouldn’tgetin.Thepeasantsarebusygettinginthecrops.Wedidn’tgetupuntillunchtime.Hegotupandwalkedovertothewindow.（9）give短语：giveaway赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发giveback归还，送回givein投降，让步，屈服giveoff释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)giveout用完，耗尽，分发，发放giveover=handover转交，移交giveup放弃，辞去giveaconcert开音乐会giveadescriptionof…描述……give/makeaspeech演讲，讲话\ngiveatalk演讲，做报告givebirthto生婴儿，生产，造成givecloseattentionto密切关注givemedicalcaretosb对某人进行治疗giveshadeinsummer夏天时遮阳give/lendsbahand给某人帮助givesbamessage=giveamessagetosb给某人捎个口信givesbasecondlook再看某人一眼givesbawarmwelcome热烈欢迎某人givesbsomeadviceonsth/doingsth/howtodosth就……向某人提出建议/忠告例如：Inthosedays,heusedtogiveawayapartofhisincometohelphisfriend.Remembernottogiveitawaytoanyoneelse;it’sasecret.Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgivein.Iftheyareburned,theywillgiveoffpoisonousgases.Whentheymadereadytoclimbthenextridge(山脊),theyfoundthattheiroxygenhadgivenout.OurEnglishteacherisgivingoutthetestpapers.Boththemanandthehorsegaveoutafterthelongride.Allhopeoffindingthemissingaircraftwasgivenupandthesearchstopped.Maryhadtogiveupherjobafterhermarriage.MrBlackwillgiveusatalkonhowtolearnEnglishwellthisafternoon.Couldyougiveussomeadviceonreading?Ifyouwon’thaveitchanged,pleasegivemymoneyback.（10）go短语：goabroad出国goabout四处走走，开始做，着手干goaboutfromhousetohouse挨/逐家拜访goagainst违反，违背goahead说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go/walkaround四处走走goaway走开，离去goback回去gobeyond超越goby走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去godown下来，落下，倒下godownonone’sknees跪下gofor为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于goforahike=gohiking去徒步旅行goforajobinterview去面试找工作goforawalk/walks散步goforsb对某人也一样goinfor参加，喜欢gointo详细调查gointodetails细说gooff走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响gooffto=beoffto=leavefor动身去goofftheair停止广播（比较：goontheair开始广播）goon发生，进行，继续go/beondiet在节食goon(a)holiday去度假goonatourto去……观光（游览）goonavisitto去……访问（参观）goondoingsth继续做某事（同一事）[比较：goontodosth继续做某事（另一事）\ngoonwithsth继续某事]goout熄灭，出去，外出goover复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅gopast从……的旁边过去goup上升，上涨，增长，攀登gowith…与……相配gowithout忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付goshopping/fishing/sailing/camping/skating去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰gostraightalong沿着……一直往前走gothrough通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查gothroughwith完成gotobed（上床）睡觉gotoschool/work上学/上班gotosea当水手gotosleep入睡gototown进城gotoamovie去看电影gotothecountry(side)下乡gohome/there回家/去那儿gotoseeadoctor去看病，去看医生gobad变坏gowrong出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途goDutch各付各的帐，平摊费用例如：Noonedaredtogoagainsttherules.—DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?/Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?—No,goahead.Iwentaway/offwonderingifI’dsaidanythingwrong.I’mafraidthefishhasgonebad.Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.Hewentbyquickly,takingnonoticeofus.Ifyoureallywantthejob,goforit!Closeallthedoorsandlockthemwhenyougoout.Thesamegoesforwindows.Igoinforallthecompetitions.Afterashortpause,Mariawentonwithherstory.Suddenlythecandlewentout.OnceagainIwentoverexactlywhatIneededtosay.Let’sgooverwhatwelearnedlastperiod.Doyouwantmetogothroughthisandcheckyourspellings?Unemploymentinthatcountryhasgoneupbyamillion.Itispossibletogowithoutfoodforafewdays.Something’sgonewrongwithmywatch;Imusthaveitrepaired.（11）have短语：haveabreak休息一下haveabrightfuture有一个灿烂的未来have(got)acold/cough/headache/fever感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧haveaconversationwithsb与某人交谈[比较：haveadialoguewithsb与某人对话\nhaveatalkwithsb(aboutsth)（就某事）与某人进行交流haveawordwithsb=wouldlikeawordwithsb和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]haveagiftfor…对……有天赋（比较：haveareputationfor…有……名誉/名声）haveagoodflight（坐飞机）旅途愉快haveagoodknowledgeof…对……很熟悉，通晓……haveagoodlaughover…对……笑了个够haveagood/great/wonderfultime=have(great)fun玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快havea/thehabitof…=beina/thehabitof…有……的习惯（比较：getinto/formthehabitof…养成……的习惯getsbintothehabitof…使某人养成……的习惯）haveahit风靡一时havealargepopulation人口众多have/takealook看一看haveameeting/party开会/举行晚会haveanice/pleasanttrip/journey祝旅途愉快have(got)apain(inthe…)（身体某部位）痛haveapart-timejob做兼职工作havea(good)rest休息have/takeaseat坐下（比较：have/takeone’sseat坐某人的座位）haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveasweettooth喜欢吃甜食haveaswim游泳haveatabletennismatch举行一场乒乓球比赛haveatest进行测验haveatry试一试have/showanappetitefor…有……的欲望或爱好have/makeanappointmentwithsb和某人有预约,和某人有约定haveaneffecton/upon…对……有影响，对……产生作用（比较：influence…=affect…对……有影响havenoeffect/influenceon…对……没有影响haveagood/badeffecton…对……有好/坏影响haveagreat/littleeffecton…对……有很大的影响/影响不大haveastronginfluenceon…对……有很大影响）have/takeanexam参加考试haveaneyefor有眼力，有眼光haveanincomeof…有……的收入haveaccessto…使用（接近……的）权利或机会havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭havelessons/classes上课havemercyon…宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯havenochanceofsurviving没有生存的可能性havenochoicebuttodosth别无选择，只好做某事havenoneof…根本不理睬……haveon穿着havesthonsb某人身上带着某物have/takeone’smedicine\n服药，吃药havesomedifficulty/trouble/problemswith…在……有困难/麻烦事[比较：havesomedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doingsth做某事有困难/麻烦]havesomething/nothingincommon(with…)（与……）有共同点／没有共同之处（比较：havemuch/alotincommonwith…与……有许多相同之处havelittleincommonwith…与……几乎没有相同之处）havesomething/nothingtodowith…与……有关／无关haveto=havegotto不得不，必须例如：Classisover.Let’shaveabreak.I’vegotacough.DadandIhadagoodlaughoverthat.Theyarehavingagoodtime.Hestoppedtohavealook.Wearegoingtohaveatabletennismatchtomorrowafternoon.Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?Hereisatree.Letmehavearest.Areyougoingtohaveaswim？We’llhaveatesttomorrow.WhereisPeter?Iwanttohaveawordwithhim.Doesshehavelunchathome？Thenithasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.Heknewabouttheorder,heknewwhythesoldierswerethere,buthewouldhavenoneofit.Wehavefourlessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Mostofhisquestionshavenothingtodowithhislessons.Inoticedthathehadonbedroomslippers.Pleasecomehereandhavemyseat,Granny.Hehasn’thadanymedicine.Atthreefiftyintheafternoonwehavesports.（12）hold短语：holdameeting/party开会/举行晚会holdback退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住holdone’sbreath屏息，不出气holdon等一等，不要挂电话holdonto抓住，保住holdout伸出，坚持下去，维持holdup阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞holdtogether连在一起，团结一致例如：Angerfloodedthroughher.Shecouldn’tholditback.—CouldIspeaktoMrSmith?—Holdon,please.Thelittleboyheldouthishands.Ithinkwatersupplieswon’tholdoutmuchlonger.\nSorry,I’mlate.Iwasheldupatwork.（13）keep短语：keepawayfrom避开，别靠近keepback隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下keepdown控制keepoff勿踏，勿踩keepoffsb/sth不接触或不接近某人/某事物keepon继续进行keepout不得入内keep…out把……挡住，把……留在外面keepoutof…不进入……keepup继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落keepupwith…=catchupwith…跟上，赶上keepadate赴约keepahealthydiet保持健康的饮食keeparecord/records保持记录keepaneyeon注视，留心，注意，照顾（比较：keepaneyeoutfor注视，留心，注意）keepbusydoing忙着做某事keepfit保持健康keep…inmind=learn…byheart=remember…把……记住keep(on)doingsth继续不停地做某事[比较：keepsbdoingsth使某人一直/继续做某事keep…fromdoing阻止……做，不让……做stop/prevent…(from)doing妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]keepone’sappointment守约（比较：breakone’sappointment违约）keepone’sbalance保持平衡keepone’sword(s)遵守诺言keepsafe保持安全keepsilentover…对……保持沉默keepthesamelook保持原貌keepwatch保持警戒，站岗例如：Iwouldhavebeenheresooner,buttherainstormkeptmeback.Everyweektherewasarebellion（造反）somewhere,andtheAustriansoldierswerekeptbusyhurryingfromonetowntoanotherinordertoputdowntherebellions.WhileLeonovwasoutsidetheship,hekeptintouchbytelephonewithhiscompanionandwiththeearth.Hekeptontellingusthesamestoryoverandover.Youmaydependonhisdoingwhathesays,forheisapersonwhoalwayskeepshiswords.Danger!Keepout!Willthisovercoatkeeptherainout?Itisalsobadmannerstokeepsilentwhentheteacherasksyouaquestion.Therainkeptupallnight.IseeyouaregettingalongwellwithyourEnglishstudies.Keepupthegoodwork.Thegoodnewskeepsourspiritsup.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldhardlykeepupwithhim.Everyfewhundredmetersalongthewalltherearewatch-towers,where\nsoldiersusedtokeepwatch.Thereisasigntheresaying,“Keepoffthegrass.”（14）knock短语：knockat/on敲打（门、窗等）knockdown把……撞倒，击倒knockinto撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knocksbout(ofsth)淘汰某人knockover撞翻，撞倒例如：Weknockedat/onthedoorbuttherewasnoonethere.Hewasinhospitallastnightafterbeingknockeddownbyacar.TomenteredtheclassroomhurriedlyandknockedintoMr.White.Healmostknockedintomebeforeherealizedit.Ifnooneanswersthefrontdoor,tryknockingatthebackdoor.（15）look短语：lookat看着，注视，检查lookatoneselfinthemirror=admireoneselfinthemirror照镜子lookafter照顾，照料，照看lookahead向前看，展望未来lookaround/about四处看看，四下环顾lookback回首，回忆，回顾过去lookbackon…回顾……，回忆……lookforwardtosth/doingsth盼望，期盼某事物/做某事lookfor寻找，找lookin来访，参观lookinto…往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究look(right)intosb’seyes直视着looklike…看起来像……（比较：lookthesame看起来像）lookon旁观，观望lookout=becareful=takecare留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防lookoutfor警惕，留心，找出来lookover…翻阅，（仔细）检查lookthrough看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习lookup仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻lookuptosb敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：lookdownon/uponsb瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）look/beworried看上去/感到担心例如：Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.HespenttwoweeksinShanghai,lookingaround/aboutthecity.Wearelookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Joinus.Don’tjustlookon.Theyalllookedonhimasamemberoftheirfamily.Lookout!Thereisdangerahead.IshalllookoutthatIdon’ttrusthimagain.Helookedthroughhisnotesbeforewritingthereport.Lookthroughthesephotographsandtrytopickoutthemanyousee.Imustlookupthetimeofyourtrain.\nAfoxcametothetreeandlookedupatthecock.I’vealwayslookeduptoBillforhiscourageanddetermination.（16）make短语：makeinto制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）[比较：bemadein在……生产/制造bemadeof由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）bemadefrom由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）bemadeupof=consistof由……组成，由……构成]makeout理解，看清楚makeup化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成makeupfor弥补，补充，补偿madeupone’smind下决心makeachoice做出选择makeacommitment承诺，保证makeacomment/comments(on/upon…)（对……）发表评论makea(great)contributionto…为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款makeadecision做出决定　　　makea(no)difference（没）有关系/影响makeaface/faces扮鬼脸makeafire生火makeafilm/blockbuster／follow-ups拍电影/巨片／续集makeafoolofsb=foolsb愚弄某人（比较：makefoolof…愚弄）make/leave/createagoodimpression(onsb)（给某人）留下好印象makeamistake/mistakes犯错误make(a)noise制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音makeanote/notesof…记录，做笔记，记下来makeaplan(for…)（为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划makeapointofdoingsth认为做某事重要或有必要makeapromise承诺makearecord录制唱片，做记录（比较：recordasong录一首歌setaworldrecord创造世界记录）make(a)suggestion(on…)提出（关于……）的建议makeatelephonecall打电话make/takeatrip/journeyto…去某地旅行makeconversation交谈make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵makefriendswithsb与某人交朋友makefunof…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑makeit（事业上）获得成功makejokesaboutsb拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄makemistakeabout…犯了……错误make/earnmoney挣钱makeoneselfathome不拘束，别客气makeoneselfknown使/让自己出名makeone’swayto…往……走去makeprogress(in…)（在……方面）取得进步makesense有意义，有道理，讲得通makesenseof…弄懂……的意思makesthto(one’sown)measure（按自己的尺寸）定做makesure确保，确认，查明\nmaketheadjustmentto…适应……makethe/one’sbed整理床铺make(full)useof…=makethemost/bestof…(充分)利用例如：Bambooisalsomadeintopaper.Ourdesksandchairsaremadeofwood.Thepaperforbooksandnewspapersalsoismadefromwood.Thisengineismadeupof490parts.Theactormadehimselfupforthepartofanoldman.Thesedaysmanygirlsmakeupwhentheyarestillquiteyoung.Shemadeupagoodlunchfrombitsandpieces.Thereisn’tanylittlegirlcalledKittyhere.Hehasjustmadeherup.Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforlackofintelligence.Everyoneshouldmakefulluseoftime.Butwaittillyouseewhatwe’llmakeforyoutoyourownmeasure.Ihavemadeupmymind,andnothingyousaywillchangeit.TheymadefunofmymistakeswhenItriedtospeakEnglish.（17）pass短语：passaway去世，死（委婉说法）passby通过，从旁边经过passdown传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去passon(tosb)转交给(某人)，传给(某人)passonfromonegenerationtothenext一代代流传下来passout失去知觉，昏厥passthrough穿过，越过passsthfromonetoanother把某事物从一人传到另一人手上passtheexamination通过考试例如：DrJohnsonpassedawaylastnight.Theyallwavedtousastheypassedby.Thetraditionhasbeenpasseddownfromfathertosonforgenerations.Shesaidshe’dpassthemessageontotheotherstudents.InearlypassedoutwhenIsawtheblood.（18）pay短语：payattentionto…对……注意，留心……payavisittosb/aplace访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）payback偿还（借款），报答，报复payfor付款，付费，付代价（比较：payahighpricefor…付高价）payoff还清（欠款）paysbavisit拜访某人paythebill买单，付帐单例如：HepromisedtopaythemoneybackbyFriday.Theoldinourcitydon’tneedtopayfortransport.Aftertenyearsofhardworkhepaidoffallhisdebtsatlast.\n（19）pick短语：pickout挑选，认出pickup拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）例如：Hisstorywaspickedoutasthebestbythejudges.ThephonerangandIpickeditup.I’llpickyouupatthestation.ImanagedtopickupanAmericannewsbroadcast.Afterashortbreaktheypickedupthetopictheytalkedaboutearlier.Ipickeduptheunusualstampbyaccident.IpickedupafewwordsofGreekwhenIwastherelastyear.（20）put短语：putaway将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来putdown扑灭，平息，镇压，记下putforward提出，建议，推荐putoff延期，拖延puton（戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴putonaperformance演出putout扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产putup挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立putupwith忍受，容忍putinto使进入，输入，投入put／translate…into把……译成putone’sheartinto…全神贯注于……putsbin/intoprison把某人关进监狱put…touse使用……，运用……putadatetosth注明日期（比较：set/fixthedate确定日期todate到目前为止）putanendto…结束……put…together把……放在一起例如：Weputawaythetoolsbeforeweleavetheworkshop.Allthemedicalworkersintheregionhelpedtoputdowntheinfluenzaepidemic（流感）.Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.Weareputtingtheplayonagainnextweekowingtoitssuccess.Thefiremensoonputthefireout.Thedoctortoldmetoputoutmytongue.It’stimethatweputuptheChristmasdecorations（装饰物）inthelivingroom.Dropyourweaponsandputyourhandsup.Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.Ican’tputupwithalotofnoisypeoplewhenIamworking.Thegovernmentisputtingmoremoneyintoeducationthisyear.Asstudents,weshouldputourheartintostudies.（21）send短语：sendaway让走开sendforsb\n派人去请某人，请某人来sendin寄送某处进行处理sendout派遣，发出（信号、通知等）sendup发射，射出，往上送sendsbtosleep让某人睡觉sendsignalsby…通过……发送信号例如：Getbackintobed.I’llsendforthedoctor.Theshipisindanger;itissendingoutanSOSsignal.Therocketwillbesentuptomorrowmorning.（22）set短语：setabout(doing)sth着手，开始setaside留出，搁/放在一边setdown放下，记下setoff出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起setout(for…)出发往（……），动身去（……）setouttodo开始做，着手做setup创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起set/givea(good)exampleto…为……树立（好）榜样setagoal设定目标setfiretosth=setsthonfire纵火，放火烧setfooton/in…踏上……，到达，进入setone’smindtodosth一心想做setsailfor起航去……setsailfrom从……起航setsbagoodexamplein…在……为某人树立榜样setsbfree释放某人，解放某人例如：Assoonasshearrived,shesetabouttidyingup（整理）theroom.Trytosetasidesometimeeachdayforexercise.They’vesetoffonatriproundtheworld.Togetherthefourmensetouttolookforthelostanimal.Hesetouttowriteahistoryofcivilization（文明）.We’llcertainlysetupacompletemodernindustrialsystem.Afewscarecrows（稻草人）weresetupinthefield.Let’ssetupthetentfirst,andbuildthefirelater.Thepolicearetryingtofindoutwhosetfiretothebuildinglastnight.Hewassetfreeafterthreeyearsinprison.ComradeLeiFengsetagoodexampletousall.（23）stand短语：standbysb=supportsb=takesb’sside支持某人standfor代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人standout突出，显眼standup起立，站起来standstill=staystill站着不动例如：CPCstandsfortheCommunistPartyofChina.Standstill,andletmetakeapictureofyou.\n（24）take短语：takeafter与某人相像takealong带领，携带take…apart=separate…把……分开takeaway拿走，拿去，使离开takeawayfrom…从……带／拿走takeback退回，拿回，收回takedown拿下，记下，记录takefor…当作……，误以为是……takein吸收，接纳，上当takeoff（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销takeon呈现takeout拿出，取出takeover继承，接管，接替takeup从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）takeabankloan向银行贷款takeabath洗澡takeachance/chances碰运气，冒险takeacriticalattitudetowards…对……持批判态度takeafewdeepbreaths深呼吸take/haveadegreein…取得……学位takeahands-onapproachtoeducation通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育takeamessage(tosb)（给某人）捎个口信比较：leaveamessage(tosb)（给某人）留个口信takeaphoto(of…)（给……）照相，拍（……）照片takearisk/risks冒险takeashower沐浴，洗澡takeasip呡一小口takeataxito...=goto...bytaxi乘出租车takeawalk/ride/holiday散步／兜风／休假take(an)interestin…对……感兴趣（比较：beinto=beinterestedin对……感兴趣have/showinterestin对……感兴趣）takeadvantageof对……加以利用take…bysurprise对……突然袭击，出乎……意料takecare小心,注意takecareof照顾，照看takeeffect生效，奏效takeexercise运动，活动take…forexample以……为例take/get/catchholdof握住，抓住takeiteasy放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张take...intoconsideration顾及，考虑到，体谅（比较：underconsideration在考虑中，在研究中）takelessons上课takenotes做笔记，做记录takenoticeof注意takeone’sseat就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）takeone’stime从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：taketime花费（时间）]\ntakepart参加（比较：takepartin…=joinin…=participatein…参加……takeanactivepartin…积极参加……）takeplace发生，出现，举行[比较：taketheplaceof…=takesb’splace取代，代替（某人的位置）]takepridein…=beproudof…对……感到自豪takeresponsibilityfor…=beresponsiblefor…对……负起责任takesbinthearms拥抱，搂抱take/hold/keepsbprisoner囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sbbetaken/held/keptprisoner某人被囚禁/俘虏）takesbseriously看重某人takesbsometimetodosth花费某人……时间去做某事takesb’stemperature给某人量体温takesthalongwithsb随身携带某物takeshelter躲避takesideswithsbinsth在某事上支持/偏袒某人takesteps/measures/actiontodosth采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动taketurnstodosth/indoingsth轮流做某事例如：I’msorry.I’lltakebackwhatIsaid.Takecare!Thecariscoming.Myplanetakesoffat11:00sharp.Wecan’thavesuchabigtableinthissmallroom.Ittakesuptoomuchroom.（25）think短语：thinkabout思考，考虑（是否去做）thinkof想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法thinkout想出thinkover仔细考虑thinkthrough…思考……直到得出结论thinkup提出，想出，设计出thinktwice再三考虑，仔细考虑thinkhighly/wellof=speakhighlyof=singhighpraisefor对……高度评价例如：I’msorry.Ican’tthinkoutyourname.WhenIwasintheStates,IoftenthoughtofmyfriendLiHua.Thinkitover,andyou’llfindaway.（26）turn短语：turnagainst转而反对，背叛turnaround/round转身，转过来turn…away赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走turnon打开（灯，气，水，电器等）turnoff关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）turnup把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达turndown关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝turnover把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想turnin交进，上缴，归还turninto变成\nturn…into…把……变成……，转变成turnto…转向……，向……求助，查阅turnout结果是，生产turnouttobe被证明是,结果是turnright/left向右/向左拐turnwriter=becomeawriter成为作家例如：Thosewhowereonceforhimhaveturnedagainsthim.Turnineverythingcaptured（缴获的）.I’mgoingtoturnmygarageintoaplayroomforthechildren.Besuretoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.ShallIturnonthebathwaterforyou?Heturnedthemeatoverinthepan（平底锅）.Theyalwaysturntomewhentheyareintrouble.Hisattentionturnedtotheprettyyounggirl.Turntheradiodownalittle.Icanscarcelyheartheprogram.Heturnedthecoatcollar（衣领）upbecauseofthewind.Somethingwillturnuptogetyououtofthedifficulty.2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）（l）动词+aboutspeak／talkabout谈论thinkabout思考careabout关心，对……有兴趣bringabout引起，使发生setabout着手，开始comeabout发生hearabout听说worryabout为……担心（2）动词+ataimat向……瞄准，旨在runat冲向，向……攻击callat拜访(地点)tearat用力撕lookat看，注视workat干……活动（研究）comeat向……袭击shoutat冲(某人)嚷嚷stareat凝视glareat怒视glanceat匆匆一瞥laughat嘲笑knockat敲（门、窗等）pointat指向smileat冲（某人）笑\nstrikeat向……打击shootat向……射击wonderat惊讶（3）动词+awaydieaway逐渐消失putaway收拾起来，存起来passaway去世washaway冲走takeaway拿走giveaway背弃，泄漏sendaway让走开turnaway把……打发走wearaway磨掉，消耗throwaway扔掉blowaway吹走carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散breakaway摆脱（4）动词+backkeepback隐瞒，忍住holdback控制住giveback归还callback回电话takeback拿回，收回lookback(on)回顾（5）动词+downcutdown削减，砍倒putdown记下，写下，镇压takedown记下，记录turndown调小，拒绝slowdown慢下来passdown传下来calmdown平静下来burndown烧毁teardown拆毁，拆除comedown下落，传下breakdown坏了，垮了，分解bringdown使……降低，使倒下settledown安家（6）动词+fromdiefrom因……而死hearfrom收到……来信learnfrom向……学习differfrom与……不同sufferfrom受……苦resultfrom由于separate…from把……分离开keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做datefrom=datebackto始于……时期，追溯到\n（7）动词+forrunfor竞选askfor要求得到begfor乞求waitfor等候lookfor寻找callfor需要，要求huntfor寻找longfor渴望carefor关心，喜欢seekfor寻找comefor来拿，来取applyfor申请standfor代表，表示searchfor查找change…for用……换charge…for收费，要价take…for误以为……是hope/wishfor希望得到（8）动词十ingetin收获，进入fillin填写cutin插入joinin参加lookin来访，参观handin上交dropin拜访givein让步takein接纳，吸收callin召集，来访bringin引进，使得到收入breakin强制进入，插话resultin导致succeedin在……获成功persistin坚持（9）动词十intoruninto碰到lookinto研究，调查，往里面看burstinto闯入，进发turninto变成change…into把……变成divide…into把……分成put／translate…into把……译成\n（l0）动词+ofdieof死于talkof谈到hearof听说thinkof想到dreamof梦到speakof谈到consistof由……组成approveof赞成complainof抱怨becomeof发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+outgoout熄灭setout出发，着手tryout试用，试验putout扑灭runout用完letout泄漏，发出(声音)pickout选出holdout坚持下去wearout穿破，使……疲劳makeout理解，看清楚keepout(of)使不进入，挡住findout查出，弄明白workout算出，想出办法等sendout发出，派遣giveout散发，分发，用完lookout当心，提防handout散发，分发helpout救助turnout结果是，生产comeout出版，出来crossout划掉burstout进发carryout执行breakout爆发pointout指出figureout算出bringout阐明，使表现出leaveout省略，删掉speakout大胆讲出（l2）动词+overgoover审阅，检查，研究getover克服\nrunover压死，看一遍takeover接管，接替turnover翻倒，细想fallover跌倒，摔倒rollover翻滚lookover翻阅，检查thinkover仔细考虑watchover看守，照看（l3）动词十toaddto增添getto到达seeto处理，料理turnto向……求助，查阅cometo共计，苏醒leadto导致，通向replyto答复referto谈到，涉及，参阅bringto使苏醒agreeto同意objectto反对pointto指向writeto写信给relateto理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关attendto处理belongto属于supply…to为……提供devote…to贡献给stick／hold／keepto坚持，忠于compare…to与……相比，把……比作（l4）三词以上的短语动词dowellin在……干得好makeupfor弥补lookdownon/upon轻视breakawayfrom摆脱keepawayfrom避开，别靠近doawaywith废除putupwith忍受catchupwith=keepupwith赶上fillupwith用……装满goonwith继续geton/alongwith和……相处lookforwardto盼望lookupto仰望，尊敬addupto总计\nliveupto依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）getcloseto接近getdownto认真开始setfireto放火烧payattentionto注意payavisitto访问take/get/catchholdof握住runoutof用完getoutof逃避，避免takenoticeof注意takeaphotoof拍……照片taketheplaceof取代setanexampleto为……树立榜样3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）（1）Aaabalancediet均衡饮食abest-seller畅销书abit=alittle=alittlebit少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微abitof一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）[比较：afew一些，少量（修饰可数名词）agreatdealof许多（修饰不可数名词）agreat/goodmany=scoresof许多，大量（修饰可数名词）ahandfulof一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）alarge/greatamountof=largeamountsof许多（修饰不可数名词）alargequantityof=largequantitiesof许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）alotof=lotsof许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）amassof=massesof大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a(large/great)numberof=large/hugenumbersof大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）plentyof大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）abunchofflowers一束花acloudof一团acoupleof一对/双，两三个，一些，几个acoupleofdays/weeks两三天/周acupof一杯adayortwo=oneortwodays一两天adesertedisland荒岛ahealthydiet=adietofhealthyfood(s)健康的饮食ahighly-developedcountry高度发达的国家akindof一种，一类alaid-offworker下岗工人alargesumofmoney一大笔钱alengthof…长……alistof一张……的清单aliveconcert现场直播的音乐会anaturaldisaster自然灾害apacketof一盒，一捆，一包apairof一双，一副apieceof一件，一块，一张\narowof一排，一行aseriesof一系列的，一连串，一套asetof一套，一副ashortageofteachers教师资源的缺乏athirdof=onethirdof三分之一atotalfailure一个彻底的失败者atotalof总数（量）为atwo-daytrip一次两天的旅行avarietyof=varietiesof=various种种的，种类繁多的awasteof(time)白费(时间)，浪费(时间)amanofname知名人士aworldofmagicandwonders充满魔力和神奇的世界afterall毕竟，终究afterashortwhile不久以后，没多久afteratime一段时间以后afterclass/work/school下课/下班/放学之后allalone=allbyoneself独自，独立allatonce=allofasudden突然，忽然allday=alldaylong全天，终日allinall总共，总的来说allkinds/sortsof各种各样的allnightlong整夜，通宵allone’slife终身，一生allover到处，遍及，结束allovertheworld/country=throughouttheworld/country整个世界/全国allright好吧，行了，（病）好了allthebest祝一切顺利，万事如意allthesame一样，同样的allthetime一直alltheway一路上，一直alltogether一起，总共all(the)yearround=allthroughtheyear=throughouttheyear一年四季，一年到头aninvitationto…一张……的请柬/请贴anexperton………方面的专家asaconsequence/result结果，因此asaconsequence/resultof作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果asawhole普遍来说，作为整体as…as像，如同as…aspossible=as…asonecan尽可能……地asfaras（表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=sofaras），远至asfarasIknow就我所知，据我所知asfollows如下（用以列举事项）asif=asthough好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：evenif=eventhough虽然，即使，尽管）aslongas只要（=solongas引导条件状语从句），长达asmuch/manyas多达assoonas一……就……assoonaspossible尽快，尽可能早地asto/for至于，关于，就……而言asusual像往常一样aswell也/还有(=too)，同样地，例外aswellas=togetherwith=and也，以及，和，还，而且aswith...也一样，就像……atall根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）ataloss茫然，不知所措atanearlyage年轻时atanymoment/time随时[比较：afteramoment=afterawhile/minute过了一会儿amomentago=justnow刚才，不久以前\namomentlater片刻之后atthemoment=atthetime此刻，现在，在那时attheverymoment就在那一刹那foramoment=forawhile/minute一会儿forthemoment=forthetimebeing暂时，目前inamoment=inawhile/minute/second过一会儿，立刻，马上themoment/minute(that)...一……就……]atanyrisk不顾一切[比较：atrisk处于危险中attheriskof(doingsth)冒着（可能做某事）的危险take/runarisk/risks冒险riskone’slife(todosth)冒着生命危险（做某事）riskdoingsth冒险做某事）]atbirth出生时，一生下来就atbreakfast在吃早饭athand近在手边，在附近athome在家(at)homeandabroad在国内外atlast终于，最后atlength最后，终于，详细地atmidnight在半夜atnight在夜里，天黑时atnoon在中午atonce=rightaway=rightnow马上，立即atonego一口气atpresent=atthepresenttime现在,目前atsea在海上，航海中，茫然（比较：bysea乘船bythesea在海边inthesea在海里onthesea在海面上）atstake在危险中atsuchagreatheight在如此高的高度attable在吃饭（比较：atthetable在桌前）attimes偶尔，有时（比较：atthattime那时atthesametime=meanwhile同时atthecorrect/wrong/besttimeofyear在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）atvariousacademiclevels不同的学术层次atwar处于战争/交战状态atwork忙于工作attheageof...在……岁的时候attheartfestival在艺术节上，在艺术节期间atthebase在底部atthe(very)beginningof...在……开始时，在……之初atthebottomof在……下端/底部atthecostof以……为代价\nattheendof在……末端，到……结束时atthefootof在……的脚下atthefrontdesk在前台，在服务台attheheadof在……最前面atahigh/lowprice以高/低价atthelatest最迟at(the)least至少[比较：at(the)most最多]atthemercyof任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中attheopening/closing(ceremony)of...在……开/闭幕式上attherateof以……的比率atthesideof在……的旁边atthespeedof以……速度（比较：atfull/highspeed高速）atthetopofone’svoice大声地attheweekend在周末accept…as…认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作……[比较：regard…as…认为……是treat…as…把……当作recognize…as…认为……是……view/see/know…as…认为……是……consider…as…/consider…(tobe…)认为……是……lookon…as…视……为referto…as…把……视为thinkof…as…/think…(tobe…)认为……是……]acceptsb’sapology接受某人的道歉accusesbofsth/doingsth指控某人为……/做某事achieveone’sgoal达到目的achievesuccess获得成功actas担任，充当adaptto（改变以）适应adaptoneselfto使自己适应于adapttothenewenvironment适应新环境addto增加，添加add…to…把……加到……上addup加起来addupto总计达到adjustto（调整以）适应adjusttotheseextremeconditions适应极限条件admiresbas…钦佩某人是……admiresbfor…钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人advancethedeadline提前最后期限advancetowards…朝……前进advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事agreewithsb/sb’sopinion/sb’sidea同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致[比较：agreeonsth对……达成共识agreeto(theplan)同意（计划等）]aimat向……瞄准，旨在，针对allowfor顾及，为……做准备answerfor…对……负责apologizetosb(forsth)=makeanapologytosb(forsth)（因某事）向某人道歉appealto有吸引力，呼吁，上诉appealtotheiremotions投合他们的喜好\napplyfor申请，请求applyto应用，适用appointsbas…任命某人当……approveof赞成argueabout争论某事arguewithsbaboutsth因某事和某人争执/争论arrivein/at到达某地askaftersb问候某人askfor要求得到askforadayoff请一天假askforaleave请假associate…with…把……与……联系起来attachto加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着attempttodosth试图做某事attendschool/university上学/上大学attendthemeeting出席会议attendto处理，照顾，关照，倾听attract/draw/callsb’sattention吸引某人注意aboveall首要的是，尤其是accordingto根据actionfilm/movie动作片advancedmathematics高等数学againandagain一次又一次，一再，反复againstthewall靠着墙aheadof…优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面alarmclock闹钟alongwith…和……一起andsoon等等andthingslikethat……之类的东西anotherday改天anymore再，又apartfrom除……都，除……以外aroundthecorner在拐角处，即将来临（比较：ontheway=instore即将来临drawnear即将来临，就要来临，逼近）（2）Bbbeafter寻找，追踪，追求be/actagainst违背，违反，反对befrom从……来，是……人benextto在……隔壁，紧挨着……beoff/leaving离开beout（灯火）熄灭，（人）外出beoutof没有，用完beup起床beupagainst面对beuptosb由某人决定beuptosth忙于某事，从事于beupon逼近，临近beanxiousabout…为……而忧虑/着急/担心（比较：beanxiousfor…渴望，非常希望beconcernedabout/for…为……而忧虑/着急/担心beconcernedabout/with…对……关切/关注/感兴趣）becarefulabout/of/withsth注意，留意，当心[比较：becareful(not)todosth小心（不）做某事]beclearabout对……清楚becrazyabout对……着迷becuriousabout=havethecuriosityabout对……感到好奇beexcitedabout对……感到兴奋beparticularabout对……挑剔beamazedat为……感到惊讶beexperiencedat对……\n有经验bepresentat出席beshockedat对……感到震惊becommonfor对……来说是很普通的beeagerfor…=longfor…=bedyingfor…渴望得到……（比较：beeagertodosth急着想做某事）befamousfor因……而闻名，由于……而出名（比较：befamousas作为……而闻名befamousto对……来说很出名）befitfor=besuitablefor适合begood/badforsb对……有好处/坏处（比较：begoodat善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好begoodtosb对某人友好dogoodtosb=dosbgood对某人有好处doharmtosb=dosbharm=harmsb=beharmfultosb对某人有害，伤害某人）behonoredfor…因……受到尊敬beintendedfor为了belatefor迟到（比较：belatewithsth某事做得晚）betoblamefor因……受到责备becarvedinrock被刻在岩石上becaughtin(arain/atrafficjam/theearthquake)突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）beconfidentin在……方面自信beeffectivein在……方面有效befluentin(alanguage)在（某一门语言）方面很流利belostin=loseoneselfin沉浸于，沉醉于bepoor/lowin在……方面不足bequickinmindandaction思维敏捷行动迅速berich/highin在……方面丰富besetin以……为背景bestronginheartandmind意志坚强，头脑聪明betrappedin被困在……（比较：betrappedby被……所困）beafraidof=beterrifiedof害怕，恐惧（比较：beafraidtodo害怕去做，不敢做）beashamedof为……感到羞愧/惭愧beawareof意识到，知道befondof=carefor=like=enjoy爱好，喜欢befullof=befilledwith充满了，装满bejealousof嫉妒beshortof=belackingin缺乏，缺少besureof/about对……有把握beuncertainof/about对……没把握beaccustomedto(doing)sth习惯于……beaddictedto沉溺于beloyalto=befaithfulto=bedevotedto忠诚于beopenedto向……开放bereducedto30%减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）[比较：bereducedby30%减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）]besimilarto与……相似，与……相像beangrywithsbforsth因某事生某人的气\nbearmedwith以……武装beburdenedwith为……所累bebusywithsth忙于某事（比较：bebusydoingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth忙于某事beoccupiedindoingsth忙于做某事）becoveredwith/by被……所覆盖becrowdedwith挤/塞满了……bediagnosedwith被诊断为beequippedwith具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备befacedwith面临……，面对……befamiliarwith对……很熟悉befedupwith对……感到厌倦behonestwith对……诚实bemeanwith对……吝啬bepleased/satisfiedwith对……感到满意（比较：becontentwith对……感到满意，满足于……becontenttodosth愿意做某事）bepopularwith受到……的欢迎bepressedwith被刻印/铸压上bestrictwithsb对某人严格要求（比较：bestrictinsth对某事严格要求）besurroundedwith/by被……围绕beabouttodosth正要做某事bedelightedtodosth高兴做某事bedeterminedtodo=determine/decidetodosth决心做……beduetodosth预定/到期应该做某事（比较：duetosth因为/由于……）beforcedtodosth被迫做某事befreetodosth任意去做，悉听尊便belikelytodosth很有可能做某事besupposedtodo被认为/被期望/应该做某事bewillingtodo=liketodo愿意做某事beabletodo能，会beabsentfrom缺席，旷课beasleep睡着（比较：beawake醒着）beawardedaNobelPrize获得诺贝尔奖bebadlyoff潦倒，贫困（比较：bewelloff富有）bebadlytreated受到虐待beborn出生，出世be/becomeendangered频临危险beincontactwith与……有交往（比较：makecontactwith与……联络lose/breakcontactwith与……失去联系losetouchwith=beoutoftouchwith与……失去联系beintouchwith=stay/keepintouchwith与……保持联系getintouchwith=getintocontactwithsb与……取得联系bring…intotouchwith使……接触，使……认识keeptrackof…与……保持联系，了解……的动态，记录……）beinpossessionof=takepossessionof持有，拥有，占有，占领（比较：beinsb’spossession=beinthepossessionofsb被某人占有/拥有\ncomeintosb’spossession被某人占有/拥有）beinthechargeof在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾（比较：beinchargeof掌管，管理，照顾）bementallydisturbed精神失常beofbenefit有利的，有好处的beof(no)effect有（无）效beofdifferentsizes/weights/shapes大小不一/重量不同/形状各异（比较：beofthesamesize/weight/shape大小/重量/形状相同）beofgreatimportance/value非常重要，有重要性beofhigh/goodquality高质量的（比较：beofpoorquality质量糟糕的）beof(no)use有（无）用beongoodterms(withsb)与某人关系好bestressedout紧张的，有压力的beupset沮丧，伤心bewellreceived很受欢迎be(well)worthdoing（很）值得做[比较：beworthyofsth/ofbeingdone/tobedone值得（做）……]byaccident=bychance偶然地,碰巧，意外byair/boat/bus/train乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车byandby不久以后，逐渐地byappointment按约定bychoice出于选择（比较：forchoice要选就选）byday/night白天/晚上byfax通过传真byforce靠武力byhand=withone’shands手工bylaw根据法律bymail通过邮寄bymeansof(doing)sth通过，借助于……手段（比较：byallmeans=inallways不惜一切bynomeans=innoway决不，一点也不bythismeans=inthisway用这种方法）bymistake=inerror由于错误或疏忽，错误地byweight按重量计算（比较：bythehour/day按小时/天计算）bytheendof到……结束为止，到……底为止bythenearestexit从最近的出口出去bythesideof在……附近bythetime到……的时候（后接状语从句）bytheway顺便说，顺便问一下[比较：bywayof…经由，经过,通过……的方法inaway=inoneway=insomeway在某种程度上innoway决不,一点也不inthe/sb’sway挡道，妨碍inthis/thatway以这种/那种方式，这样／那样in…way=inthewayof以……的方式this/thatway这样/那样（直接做状语）onone’swayhere/there/home(adv.)在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上onone’swaytodoingsth即将做某事onone’swaytosomeplace(n.)在去某地的路上ontheway在路上，在来/去的行进中\nonthewayhome在回家的路上，即将来临outoftheway不挡道feelone’sway摸索着道路（前进）fightone’sway挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路或获得（某事物）findone’swayto设法找到去……的路loseone’sway迷路makeone’swayto朝……走去pushone’sway挤过去struggleone’sway艰难地行进]baseonsth以……为基础（比较：bebasedon/upon以……为基础）begfor乞求becomeof发生……情况，怎么啦believein信赖，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成bendover弯腰，俯身benefitfrom=profitby/from从……吸取教训，从……中获益blowaway吹走blowout吹灭blowthefireoff熄火，把火吹灭brushone’steeth刷牙buildup逐步建立，增进，增加，加强，扩大burdensb/oneselfwithsth加负担于某人/自己burndown烧毁，烧成平地burndown…totheground把……烧成平地burnup消耗，烧掉burstinto闯入，突然破门而入burstintosth=burstoutdoing迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况（比较：burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来burstintotears眼泪夺眶而出burstintocheers突然欢呼）burstout(doing)迸发出来，突然开始（做）bedtime就寝时间BeijingOpera京剧beforelong不久以后（比较：longbefore很久以前）belongtosb/sth属于某人/某事below/abovezero零度以下/上bodybuilding健美bodylanguage身势语boiledwater开水both…and…两个都，既……又……businesshours营业时间busstation/stop汽车站/公共汽车站butfor如果不是，倘若不是Betterlatethannever.迟做总比不做好。（3）Cccalculatethedistancebetween…计算出……的距离calmdown平静，镇定can’thelpbutdosth忍不住做某事can’thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事carbondioxide二氧化碳cardgames纸牌游戏careabout对……感兴趣，关心，担心（比较：carefor喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料\ncareforsbtodosth愿意某人做caretodosth愿意做）carryaway拿走，使入迷carryoff夺走，携走carryon继续进行，坚持下去carryonresearch进行研究carryout(anexperiment/aplan/anorder/asurvey)开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）castaway抛弃catchaglimpseof瞥见catchfire=beonfire着火，开始燃烧catch/findsbdoingsth发现/发觉某人正在做某事causedamageto…对……造成破坏cellphone移动电话，手机centreon/upon…将……当做重点或中心（比较：centre/concentrate/fasten/fix/focusone’sattentionon把注意力集中于）chainstores连锁店changeAforB用A换BchangeAintoB把A变成B，把A转换成Bchangeone’smind改变主意charge…for收费，要价chargesthwith…使某事物充满……（情感）（比较：bechargedwith充满……）chatonline网上聊天checkin登记，报到checkout查明，核查，结帐checkinformation审核情况cheersbon为某人加油cheersbup使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来chemicalfactory化工厂childlaborer童工Christmascard/tree/Eve圣诞卡/树/前夕classicalmusic古典音乐classify…into…把……分类成……cleanout清除，打扫干净clearaway清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理clearup打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情closefriends密友closedown倒闭closeup（尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近closeto靠近，接近combine…with…把……和……结合起来commenton/upon…对……进行评论committhe/acrime犯罪commonsense常识，情理communicatesthtosb使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人communicatewith…与……交流/联络comparenotes交换意见，交流看法compare…to…把……比作…comparewith…与……相比competeagainst…与……相对抗competefor…为……而竞争competein参加（竞赛）competewith…与……竞争/比赛complainof抱怨……computer/videogames电子游戏congratulatesbonsth祝贺某人某事connectto连接，相连（比较：beconnectedto与……有关系）connectwith…与……相连接contributeto有利于，贡献，捐款给，为……投稿cooloff变凉，冷却，冷copysb’sexample\n仿照某人，照某人的样子做coveranentirecontinent覆盖整个大陆covertheevents采访事件，报道事件createapositive/negativeeffect产生积极/消极的作用/影响crossout划掉crowdaround（许多人）围着culturalrelics/sites文化古迹currentaffairs时事Cheerup.振作起来。提起精神。Comeon!来！快呀！（4）Dddancetothemusic伴随音乐起舞datefrom=datebackto始于……时期，追溯到dayafterday日复一日（强调重复）daybyday一天天地（强调逐渐变化）dayandnight日日夜夜地dealwith=dowith处理，解决，对付dependon/upon=relyon/upon依靠，依赖，信赖，靠……来决定developalifelongfriendshipwithsb与某人成为终身朋友developthephotos冲洗照片devote…to…把……贡献给……，献身于……，专心于……[比较：bedevotedto(doing)sth投身于bedevotedtosb喜欢某人]dieaway逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化diedown逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息diefrom因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）dieof(illness,hunger,grief,etc.)因……而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因）dieoff一一死去，先后死去dieout=becomeextinct灭绝，绝迹，消失differfrom=bedifferentfrom与……不同，区别于digup挖出，掘起diningroom餐厅dipintosth把……放入液体中，浏览，翻阅displayone’sdeepsympathy表达某人深切的同情distinguishAfromB显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B有所不同（比较：distinguishbetweenAandB区别/辨别A和B）divide…into把……分成，使……分隔开divideup分配doubleone’sefforts加倍努力dozensof几十drawaconclusion得出结论drawattentionto对……表示注意drawback后退drawup起草，拟定dreamof梦到dreamof/aboutdoingsth梦想做某事dressup化装打扮，乔装打扮dressupas…打扮／装饰成……drinkatoast祝酒drinktosb/sth为……而干杯或祝福driveoff击退,把（车）开走\ndropby访问，拜访dropin顺便走访，拜访dropinonsb顺便拜访某人dropinatsp顺便拜访某地dropoff放下（某物），下车dropout(of…)（从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学dropsbaline给某人写短信duringtheday在白天during/inthe1980s/1980’s20世纪80年代during/in/throughoutone’slifetime在某人的一生中（5）Eeeachother互相，彼此（比较：oneanother相互，彼此）earn/make/gaina/one’sliving谋生earn/makemoney挣钱，赚钱eatup吃完，吃光either…or…或者……或者……，要么……要么……[比较：neither…nor…既不……也不……not…but…不是……而是……notonly…butalso…不仅……而且……（前句用于句首时，须倒装）]endupwith…以……结束/告终（比较：begin/startwith以……开始closewith以……结束/告终endup结束，告终，最后得到……的结局/下场endinfailure/prison以失败/坐牢而告终.endinatie以平局结束）engagetosb与某人订婚English-speakingcountries说英语的国家enjoyequalrights享有平等权利enjoyoneself过得愉快，玩得开心escapefrom免于/逃脱……，从……泄露出everyday每天everydayuse日常使用everyfewyears每隔几年（比较：everyfouryears=everyfourthyear每四年，每隔三年everytwoyears=everysecondyear=everyotheryear每两年，每隔一年)everynowandthen不时地eversince从……以来，从那时起exceptfor除了……之外exchangestudent交换生existin存在于……experiencelife体验生活experimentwith进行实验，进行试验explainsthtosb=explaintosbsth向某人解释某事expressoneself表达自己的意思Excuseme.对不起。Everything/Allgoeswell.一切顺利。（6）Fffacetoface面对面(比较：handinhand手拉手，密切关联)failindoingsth没做成某事failtodosth无法做某事\nfallasleep入睡（比较：fallill病了，患病，病倒)fallbehind（成就，成绩）落后于falldown摔下来，倒塌fallinlovewithsb爱上某人（比较：beinlovewithsb与某人相爱）fallinto陷入，落入falloff跌落，下降fallover跌倒，摔倒fallto/intopieces垮台，崩溃，解体，倒塌fairytale童话familyname姓氏familytree家谱faxmachine传真机faraway遥远，很远farfrom…远离……fasten/tie…to…把……栓/别在……上feastonsth宴饮，尽情地享受……feed…on喂养，饲养（比较：feedon/upon…以……为食）feeldown感到闷闷不乐feellikedoingsth想做某事feelwell/terrible/better/weak感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱fightagainst与……作斗争／打架／打仗fightforsth为……而斗争，争取获得某事物fightover为……而战，因……而争吵/争斗fightsb/sthoff抗击某人/某事物，击退某人/某事物fightwith与……并肩作战figureout理解，想明白，算出fillin填空，填写fillout把……填好fillwith用……填充fillAwithB把B装进A里，把A装满Bfillupwith…用……装满findout获知，查明，查出，弄明白，发现，了解fireescapes安全梯fireexit安全出口firstaid急救fishfarms渔场fitin被他人接受，相处融洽fitin(withsb/sth)与（某人/某事物）相适应/相协调fixatime/datefor为……确定时间/日期fixup搭起，安装，修理，修补folksong民歌followcustoms随俗，按照习惯followsb’sinstructions遵从某人的指示follow/takesb’sadvice听某人的劝告followtherules按照规则去做forgetabout忘记了foraperiodofseveralweeks/months在几周/几个月的一段时间里forever=forgood永远forexample=forinstance例如(比较：suchas…例如……，像……这样)forfree=freeofcharge=withoutpayment免费（比较：atone’sowncharge/expense自费）foronce就这/那一次foronething…,foranother首先……，其次……forthefirsttime第一次，初次，首先[比较：atfirst=in/atthebeginning起初，首先atfirstsight第一眼，乍一看，初见之下\nfirstofall第一，首先，最重要inthefirstplace（用于列举理由时）首先，第一，原先thefirsttime第一次，初次（后接状语从句）]forthereason因为forthesakeof由于，为了……的利益，为了……起见freefrom不受……的影响，没有……的fromnowon从现在开始，今后fromthenon=fromthatmomenton从那时起from…to…从……到……fromtimetotime有时，不时，偶尔fromonecountrytoanother=fromcountrytocountry从一个国家到另一个国家fromonegenerationtoanother一代接一代地fulldress盛装furthereducation进修，深造（7）Gggainweight=putonweight发福，增加体重，增肥（比较：loseweight减肥）gasstation加油站generallyspeaking总的来说，一般来说giftmoney压岁钱given/firstname名字glanceat匆匆一瞥glareat怒视graduatefrom…毕业于……greenhouseeffect温室效应greentea绿茶growup生长，长大growuptobe…长大后成为……Goodluck!祝你好运！Goodmorning/afternoon/evening!早上/下午/晚上好！（8）Hhhadbetter(do)最好（做）handdown流传下去handin交上去，提出，面交handout散发，分发，发放hangon等一等，别挂电话hangup挂断电话hangout（俚语）闲逛harmonywithothers与其他人和睦相处，与其他人相处和谐hearabout/of听说，知道hearfromsb收到某人来信heartandsoul全心全意地hereandthere各处，处处，四处helpsbout救助，帮助某人解决困难，帮助某人摆脱困境helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事highschool中学，高中hitsbonthehead/intheface打某人的头部/脸部hold／keep/stickto坚持，忠于holdtogether连在一起，团结一致homecooking家常做法homevillage家乡hope/wishfor希望得到，对……怀着希望hosttheOlympicGames主办奥运会hourafterhour一小时又一小时howmany/much多少（可数名词）/多少钱（或不可数名词）howfar多远how\nlong多久howoften多久一次，多常howold几岁humanbeing人，人类hundredsof几百，成百上千的huntanimals狩猎huntfor=searchfor搜寻，寻找hurryup赶快，快点Handsup.举起手来。Helponeselftosth请随便吃。Howareyou?你（身体）好吗？Howdoyoudo!你好！Howisitgoing?情况怎么样？Hereyouare.给你。（比较：Thereyouare.你来了。）（9）Iiicecream冰淇淋icedtea冰茶iceskating滑冰IDcard身份证ifnecessary=ifitisnecessary如果需要的话ifonly要是……就好了（常用于虚拟语气）impressonsb给某人留下好印象（比较：beimpressedby/with对……留下印象）inafewdays=inafewdays’time几天后inaflash立刻，很快，立即inagoodmood心情好inahurry=hurriedly匆忙地inarow一个接一个地，连续不断地inaslightest一点也，根本ina…state处在……的状态/情况下inastraightline沿着直线inaveryshortwhile马上，立刻inawhisper小声地inaword总之，简言之，一句话（比较：inotherwords换句话说，换言之inone’sownwords用自己的话说）inanactofrevenge作为报复inall=intotal=altogether总共，总之inclass在课堂上incommon共同，共有incondition=ingoodhealth身体好，身体健康（比较：outofcondition=inpoorhealth身体不好inbad/goodcondition处于坏的/好的状态）indarkness处于一片漆黑indanger处于危险中（比较：outofdanger脱离危险indangerof面临……的危险）indebt欠债indemand有需要的indetail详细地indisorder混乱inEnglish用英语（表达）infact=inreality=asamatteroffact事实上，实际上ingeneral一般说来，通常inhistory在历史上inhospital/prison/church住院/坐牢/做礼拜\nin…order=inorderof按顺序inordertodo=soastodo以便，为了，为的是（soastodo不置于句首）inpeace=peacefully安静，宁静inpublic当众，公开地，公然，在公共场所inreturn作为回报（比较：inturn转而，反过来，轮流）insilence安静地，无声地insociety在社会上inspace在太空（比较：inouterspace在外层空间，在外太空）instore贮藏着，准备着，就要来到instyle流行的，时髦的（比较：outofstyle=outoffashion=outofdate过时的comeintofashion=beinfashion流行的）insurprise/astonishment吃惊，惊讶地intime及时（比较：ontime准时）introuble处于困境中inuse在使用中invain徒劳，白辛苦inchains（指囚犯）用链锁住的，不自由，被囚禁inruins成为废墟intears哭泣，掉泪inotheraspects从其他方面（比较：intermsof就……而言inlargeamounts大批地，大量地intheeyesof在……看来)inanxietyof担心，担忧incaseof假使，以防（比较：incase万一，以免inthatcase既然那样，假若是那样的话）infrontof在（某人/某物）前面（比较：inthefrontof在……的前部infront在前方，在正对面）inhonourof出于对……的敬意，为庆祝/纪念……inpraiseof称赞，赞赏insearchof寻找inspiteof=despite=regardlessof尽管，不管inviewof鉴于，考虑到，由于inwant/needof…需要，缺少……inagreementwith与……意见一致inconversationwith与……谈话中inharmonywith与……协调inrelationto与……有关的inreplyto回答，答复，回应inexchangefor交换，互换inthedirectionof朝……的方向（比较：inalldirections四面八方）intheformof以……的形式intheheartof在……的中心/核心部分inthehopeof(doing)sth抱着（做某事）的希望inthenameof以……的名义，代表（比较：name…after给……取名，命名）intheprocessof在……的过程中intheday/daytime在白天intheend=atlast=finally=eventually最后，终于inthefuture在未来，将来（比较：infuture以后，今后）\nin/during/overthelast/pasttenyears在过去的十年inthepast=intheolddays在过去in/duringtherushhour在交通高峰期inancient/moderntimes在古代/现代intheair在空中intheopenair在户外intherain在雨中，冒雨intheshade在阴凉处inthesun在太阳下inthewild在野外，在自然环境下inone’s(personal)opinion依某人之见inone’steens十几岁时inone’syouth年轻时informationdesk问讯处insteadof…代替……，而不是……，作为……的替换（比较：ratherthan而不是）insistonsth/doingsth坚持某事/坚持做某事intendtodosth打算做某事intendsthfor…把某物供给……用（比较：sthbeintendedfor…供……用）involvesbin…使某人参加，使某人陷入……（困境），使某人牵涉到……（比较：beinvolvedin…参与，有关联，忙于某事）Itdepends.=That/It(all)depends.要看情况而定。Idaresay….我认为……。我估计……。I’msorry.对不起。（10）Jjjoinhands携手，联手，合伙joinin参加，加入joinsb(indoingsth)和某人一起做某事jointheline排队joinup联合起来judgesbbysth依据某事物判断某人，断定，认为（比较：bejudgedby靠……来判断）junkfood垃圾食品justas恰如justnow刚才，现在justso-so一般justthen正在那时（11）Kkkickthehabit戒除某嗜好kindof稍微，有点儿knowabout对……了解knowof听说过（12）Llaborforce劳动力lackofsleep缺少睡眠lateron后来，随后，以后laughat嘲笑，讥笑laydownone’slife献出生命layoff解雇，不理会，使下岗laythetable摆桌子lead/have/liveacosy/anactivelife过着舒适的/活跃的生活leadsbtodosth=causesbtodosth使某人做某事leadto=resultin通往，导致learnabout…了解，学习有关……知识learn…(all)byhimself=teach…oneself自学……learnfrom…向……学习，从……中学习\nleavealone不管，不打扰，不理会，随……去leavebehind忘带，留下leaveout省略，删掉，不考虑leavesbbyhimself把某人独自留下leavesbwherehe/sheis把某人留在原地leaveschool离开学校，辍学，毕业lessthan少于，不足letdown不支持，使失望，使沮丧letin放进，让……进来letout放掉，泄露，发出(声音)liedown躺下liein在于，位于lietosb对某人撒谎lightbulb电灯泡lightafire点火lightup照亮，使放光彩，点上（烟）吸起来limit…to…把……限制在……listento听……littlebylittle逐渐地liveinpoverty生活在贫困线上livelifeonthego过着忙碌的生活liveon以……为主食，靠……谋生，继续存在，继续活着liveone’sdream=trytorealizeone’sdream努力实现梦想livethrough活过，经过（困难，危险）之后仍旧活着liveupto依据……行事，做到，不辜负（期望）liveuptosb’sexpectation=meetsb’sexpectation不辜负某人的期望livewith忍受，与……一起住locksbup将某人监禁起来，将某人锁于某处不得进出losecontrol=beoutofcontrol失去控制loseheart失去信心，泄气，灰心loseone’slife牺牲某人的生命loseone’ssight/voice失明/失声Letmesee.让我想想。（13）Mmmajorin主修，专研match…with…把……和……相配maincourse主菜man-madesatellite人造卫星meansoftransport交通方式medicalcare医疗保健midfieldplayer中场球员MiddleEast中东millionsof成百上千万missone’sturn错过mistake/takeAforB错把A当成Bmixup混合在一起mix…with…把……和……混合mobilephone可移动电话morningpaper晨报moviestars电影名星moreandmore越来越多moreorless或多或少morethan=notonly不仅，不只，多于，十分（比较：moreAthanB与其说B，不如说是Anomorethan=only仅仅，只不过notmorethan不超过，至多）mostof大多数multiply…by………乘以……musicalstyles音乐风格Mygoodness!天啊！（14）Nnnativelanguage=mothertongue母语neckandneck并驾齐驱，不分上下，不相上下\nnexttime下次nextto紧接着，相邻，在旁边，次于nineoutoften=nineinten十分之九nodoubt无疑地nolonger/more=not…anylonger/more不再，已不nomatter不论……，无论……notas/so…as不像，不如notatall=notabit一点也不，绝非（比较：notalittle=verymuch很，非常）notlaterthan不迟于not…till/until…直到……才……nowandthen偶尔，时而nowthat既然Nicetomeet/meetingyou.很高兴见到你。（15）Ooobey/breaktherules遵守／违反规定obey/observethelaw遵守法律objectto反对occurtosb使某人突然想到offeradviceabout/on…提出关于……的建议ofcourse当然oflate=lately最近，近来ofone’sown属于自己的（比较：onone’sown=byoneself独自，单独地）onalargescale大规模地，大范围地onateam在一队/组，加入一队/组on(an/the)average平均，按平均计算onanopenfire露营onallsides在各方面，到处onandon不停地，不断地onconditionthat=if如果onboard在（船/飞机）上onbusiness出差ondisplay展览，陈列[比较：onshow展出，在上演（放映）]onduty值日，值班onearth在地球上，究竟onend直立，竖立onfoot步行onholiday在度假onpurpose=byaccident故意地onsale上市，出售，廉价出售，减价onwatch值班，守望ontheair正在播出的onthecontrary相反地，反之onthefrontpage在头版onthego奔波，忙忙碌碌的，四处奔走ontheInternet在互联网上onthemarch在游行onthephone在通话，用电话交流onthepointof就在……的时候on/overtheradio通过收音机onthetopof在……的顶端onone’sarrival/return（某人）一到达/回来on(the)onehand…,ontheotherhand…一方面,另一方面onceinawhile偶尔，有时oncemore/again再一次onceuponatime从前，很早以前oneday（过去/将来）有一天，某一天oneafteranother一个接一个onebyone一个一个地，逐一one-childpolicy独生子女政策operahouse歌剧院，艺术剧院\nopenup打开，开启，开创，开辟，开设，开放operateonsb给某人动手术oppositeto在……对面orelse否则，要不然orrather或者orso大约，……左右oughtto应当，应该outof由……里面向外，在……之外outofbreath上气不接下气outofdanger脱离危险outoforder运转不正常，出毛病outofwork失业outofone’sreach够不着overandoveragain多次，反复地，一再overthere在那边owesbsth=owesthtosb把……归功于，感谢，欠（债）owethankstosbforsth因为某事感谢某人（16）Ppparkinglot停车场payphone（投币式）公用电话penfriend/pal笔友pencilcase文具盒，铅笔盒pencilsharpener转笔刀，削笔刀peoplewithdisabilities=disabledpeople残疾人personalaffair隐私persistin坚持phonenumber电话号码physicaleducation体育pileof(homework)一大堆（作业），一大批，一大团placesof(great)interest名胜popmusic流行音乐postoffice邮电局playagainst…同……比赛play/acttheroleofsb=playsb扮演某人的角色playapart/rolein…在……中起作用playatrickonsb开某人的玩笑，耍弄某人playfootball/basketball踢足球／打篮球playthepiano弹钢琴playwith玩耍，游戏primaryschool=elementaryschool小学pointat指示，指向pointto指向pointout指出，使注意preferAtoB相比B更喜欢Apreparesth准备prepareforsth为某事做好准备preparesbforsth使某人为某事做好准备produce/makeelectricity发电protectsbfrom/against…保护某人免受……(伤害等)providesbwithsth=providesthforsb为某人提供某物（比较：supplysbwithsth=supplysthtosb给某人提供某物offersbsth=offersthtosb为某人主动提供某物）pulldown拆毁，拆除，摧毁，推翻pullon随便穿上pulloutof从……中退出，（火车）驶离车站，从……拉出来pullsbup把……往上拉，把……拉上来pushopen推开push(sth)over（使车船等）闪到一边\nprosandcons赞成与反对，正面和反面prettywell相当好，几乎，差不多（17）Qqquarrelwithsb(aboutsth)（因某事）和某人吵架/争吵quiteafew许多，大量quitealot/abit许多，大量（18）Rrraisemoneyfor(goodcause)为（做好事）而筹款rankhigh/low排名高/排名低rankthird位居第三ratherthan宁可，而不是，非，与其……宁愿……rawmaterial原料recordcard成绩单recordholder记录保持者reachout(forsth)伸手去（拿，碰）reachout(tosth)伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物readabout读到有关……receive/getone’sdoctor’sdegree获得博士学位recommend…tosb向某人推荐……referto提到，查询，参阅，指的是，谈到，涉及，有关relateto理解，同情，涉及，与……有关（比较：berelatedto与……有关联/关系）remindsbofsth使某人想起某事replyto答复respondto回应，反映，响应resultin产生某种作用或结果，导致[比较：resultfrom由于，（因而）发生，产生，出现]returntonormal恢复正常ringback给某人回电话ringoff挂断电话，停止讲话ringupsb=ringsbup给某人打电话rise/cometofame成名rollover翻滚，倒转roundup使集合在一起，使聚拢rockband摇滚乐队rollerskating滑旱冰runningwater自来水ruinsth=bringsthtoruin使……变成废墟runafter追赶，追求，追逐，在……之后跑runat冲向，向……攻击runaway流失，逃跑，逃走，失控runawayfromschool=dropoutofschool逃学runfor竞选runinto/across=comeacross=meet…bychance=happentomeet偶然遇见runoff跑掉，迅速离开runoutofsth用完……[比较：(sth)runout耗尽，用光，用完]runover压死，看一遍，跑过去runabusiness做生意run/startarestaurant开餐馆rushsboffone’sfeet使某人忙得不亦乐乎，使某人忙得不可开交rushout冲出去rushthrough掠过，快速通过\n（19）Sssatisfy/meettheneedsof…满足……的需要savemoney存钱savesb’slife挽救某人的生命say“no”to…拒绝，否认，不同意saythanksto…向……表示感谢saytooneself心里想，自言自语schoolday学校上课时schoolplay校园剧schoolthings学习用具school/fieldtrip郊游searchfor搜查，寻找，查找selfrescue自救seeforoneself自己去看，亲眼看seesboff为某人送行（比较：meetsb接某人）seeto处理，料理，照顾seetoitthat…=makesurethat…确保，务使seekafter追求seekfor寻找sellout卖完，出卖senseofresponsibility责任感sentence/beatsbtodeath判处某人死刑/把某人打死separate…from…把……和……分离开serveas作为，当作serveinthearmy服役servethedishes上菜servethepeople为人民服务settleanargumentabout…解决关于……的争论settledown定下心来，安家落户，定居，平静下来settlefor勉强同意，接受settlein（使）习惯（环境等），定居settleup付清，结账shakehandswithsb和某人握手share(in)sth分享sharesthwithsb与某人分享……shopassistsant售货员shortwave短波shootat向……射击shoutat(sb)冲(某人)嚷嚷[比较：smileat(sb)冲（某人）笑]showoff炫耀showup出席，露面showrespectforsb对某人表示尊敬showsbhowtodosth教某人做某事showsbout/in送某人出去/迎某人进来showsbtothedoor带某人到门口shutdown关闭，把……关上shutup闭嘴silverscreen银幕signanagreementwith…与……达成协议sitdown=beseated坐着，坐下situp熬夜sidebyside肩并肩，一起，相互支持socialproblems社会问题softdrink清凉饮料，软饮料solarsystem太阳系soupopera肥皂剧，连续剧sofar=uptillnow到目前为止someday将来某一天，来日some…,others…一些……，另一些……soonerorlater迟早，终归soundlike听起来像……space/trainstation太空／火车站speedskating速滑\nspeakabout谈论，交谈speakagainst发表抨击speakof谈到speakout大胆讲出speakto谈话，与……通话speedby飞驰而过speedup加快速度（比较：slowdown减缓，减速，慢下来）spend…(in)doingsth花（钱，时间）做某事spend…onsth在……花费（钱，时间）spreadout伸开，铺开stagename艺名standingroom立足之地stonebystone一块石头一块石头地straightaway立刻地，毫不犹豫地stareat凝视，盯着看startafire引起火灾starvetodeath饿死stayaway不在家，外出stayawayfrom…与……保持距离staythesame=remainthesame保持不变stayup挺住，站立，开夜车，醒着，不睡，熬夜stickto粘住，坚持，忠于stickwith继续支持，保持联系stopdoingsth停止做某事[比较：stoptodosth停下来做某事stop…(from)doingsth阻止……做某事]strikeat向……袭击／打击struggleagainst…同……做斗争struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来struggletodosth挣扎着（竭力去）做某事succeedin…在……获成功（比较：succeedindoingsth=besuccessfulindoingsth成功地做了某事）sufferfrom…受……苦suit…to…使……适合于……support/raisethefamily养家surftheinternet上网冲浪sweepaway（风）吹走,（浪）卷走sweepdown吹倒，席卷，冲倒sweepthefloor扫地switchon/off开/关（电灯、机器等）swimmingpool游泳池Say“Hi”tosbforme.=Givemyregardstosb=Remembermetosb代我向某人问好。Saygoodbyetosb向某人告辞/告别。Seeyousoon/later.再见。（20）Tttablemanners餐桌礼节，用餐规矩tabletennis乒乓球（运动）talentshow天才表演taperecorder磁带录音机talkshow访谈节目talkabout谈论，交谈，议论talkof谈到talk…through（充分）讨论，详细讨论talkto与某人交谈／谈话talkwith和……交谈telephonebooth电话亭telephonenumber电话号码tennisracket网球拍tearat用力撕teardown拆毁，拆除tearsthintopieces把某物撕成碎片\ntearup撕毁，取消（合同）tellalie说谎tell…apart识别，辨别，区分开tell…from…把……和……分开tellthetruth说真话tellthedifferencebetweenAandB说出/分辨A和B的区别tendto趋于，朝某方向teston在……做实验testtheblood验血ThanksgivingDay感恩节thanksfor…因为……而感谢thanksto…多亏了，幸亏，由于，因为（比较：dueto=owingto=becauseof由于，因为）thanusual比平常……theAntartic南极[比较：theSouth/North(Pole)南/北极]theArcticOcean北冰洋（比较：theAtlanticOcean大西洋theIndianOcean印度洋thePacificOcean太平洋theYellowRiver黄河）thebutterfly蝶泳theCapitalStadium首都体育馆[比较：theGreatWall长城thePalaceMuseum故宫（博物馆）thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国（简称PRC）]thedayaftertomorrow后天thedaybeforeyesterday前天theentranceto……的入口(the)long/highjump跳远/高theMaglevTrain磁悬浮列车themajority/minorityofpeople大多数/少数人the(more)…,the(more)…越……，越……thenextmorning第二天早上theotherday前几天，某日theotherwayaround相反地，用相反方式theOlympicGames/theOlympics奥林匹克运动会theproblemwith…关于……的问题thesameas与……同样的thesameto对……也一样theUnitedKingdom英国theUnitedNations联合国theUnitedStates美国thewaytodosth/ofdoingsth做……的方法theworkingpeople工人，劳动人民theWorldChampionship世锦赛thisverynight就在这个晚上thousandsof成千上万ThreeGorgesDamProject三峡大坝工程threemetersdeep=threemetresindepth三米深throughthickandthin不顾艰难throwlightupon/on阐明某事，使某事显得很清楚throwabout四处乱扔throwat向……扔去throwaway扔掉throwup吐出（事物），呕吐tieAtoB把A绑在B上tie…up系，栓，捆\ntieup(one’shair)=doup(one’shair)（头发）扎起来tireout筋疲力尽tireoneselfout使自己疲惫不堪timeandtimeagain=overandoveragain多次，不断地，反复timearea时区toasttotheNewYear为新年干杯tobeginwith=tostartwith首先，作为开始，第一点tobehonest=honestlyspeaking老实说，说实在的tomakematters/thingsworse=worsestill使事情/情况更困难/危险，更糟糕的是to…degree达到……程度toone’sknowledge据某人所知toone’sregret/sorrow/surprise/joy使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是tothenorthof在……以北tothepoint中肯，扼要，切中要害toomany太多toomuch太多，过分，太too…to=so…that太……以至于不能tonguetwister绕口令trackandfield田径trafficlights交通指挥灯，红绿灯travelagent旅行社trialanderror反复实验，不断探索tradefor交易tradein以交易方式购入trade…withsb与某人做……交易（买卖）transform…into…把……转变成……treatsbbadly虐待treatsbtosth请某人吃……tripover（被……）绊倒trust(in)=havetrustin=relyon信赖，信任tryon试穿（衣，鞋，帽等），试试看，耍弄（花招）tryout试验，尝试，试用tryone’sbest竭尽所能TVseries电视连续剧TVstation电视台twicethesizeof是……的两倍之大Thankgoodness!谢天谢地！Thisway,please.请走这边。It’stimetodo….该做……了。（21）Uuunderarrest被拘留underattack/fire被攻击underconstruction/control/discussion在建设／控制／讨论中underrepairs在修理中underthecommandof在某人控制之下，在……的指挥下underthedirectionof在……的指导下uniteasone团结一致upsidedown颠倒着，倒转着upanddown来回，上上下下，来来往往upto正在做，从事于，大约，多达uptodate现代的，时新的，据目前所知的useup….用完……，用尽……（22）VvVCDplayer影碟播放机verymuch=alot很，非常，十分（23）Wwwaitfor等待，等候wait/standinqueue=wait/standinline排队等侯waitingroom等候(候车)室wakeup醒来wakesbup把某人吵/叫醒walk/runupto=go/comeupto上前去wantalldayoff请假一整天\nwashaway冲走washdown冲走，冲垮washingmachine洗衣机watchout(for…)留神，提防，注意watchover看守，照看watchTV看电视wearaway磨掉，消耗wearout穿破，把……穿旧，磨坏，使……疲劳[比较：bewornout（衣服等）穿破/被损坏，（人）疲惫不堪/感到疲劳]whatelse而且whatif…倘使……将会怎样，如果……将会怎样win…prize获得……奖winthefirstplace（比赛）得了第一名winsb把某人争取过来（比较：beat/defeatsb打败某人）wipeout去除，消灭wisheachothergoodluck互相祝福wish…everysuccess祝……成功withoutasound悄无声息地withoutlimit无限地withoutluck运气不好withthehelpof＝withsb’shelp在……的帮助下withthepurposeof有……的目的wonderat对……感到惊讶wordforword逐字地workasanactress做女演员workat从事，致力于，干……活动（研究）workon…继续工作，从事于……，忙于……，不断做……workout算出，解决，想出（办法），制定（计划），结局，至最后workwith…对……起作用workpermit工作许可证worryabout为……担心，烦恼wouldlike想要（婉转表达个人的想法、看法）wouldrather宁愿，宁可wrapsthin用……把某物包起来wrapup包好，伪装writedown记下，写下writeto写信给Welldone/said!干得好/说得好！Whatapity!多可惜！真遗憾！Whatashame!太不好意思了！太遗憾了！What/Howabout…?……怎么样？……好不好？Whatbecomesof…？……变得怎样了？Whatkind…?何种……？Whattime…?几点……？What’son?发生了什么事？What’sthepopulationof…?……有多少人口？What’sup?怎么啦？What’swrong/thematter?　怎么了？Wouldyoumind…?你介意……吗？（24）Yyyearafteryear年复一年，年年，每年（重复）\nyearbyyear一年年（逐渐变化）YoungPioneer少先队员You’rewelcome.不用谢。不客气。（25）Zzzebracrossing斑马线