高中英语知识概要 18页

学点语法高中英语知识概要第一讲英语句子1）基本结构Ado(B).()Iplayfootball.Hecanread.AbeB.()Heisastudent.归纳：句子的完整性__________________________________________2）基本成分分析：ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasbornin1949。Theweatherwasquitenice.Ineedaquietroomtostudyin.Unfortunately,hehadhiswatchstolen.Hesaidhewasgoodfootballplayerwhenhewasschoolboy.归纳：句子的核心成分＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿3)句子类型简单句Ineversawhimagain.并列句I’dlovetocomebutIcan’t.复合句Isuggestthatweshouldstayhere.Aspeoplegetolder,theylosesomehair.Iaskedthegirlwhowasnotwritingtolendmeapen.并列复合句Johnwantedtogototheparty,buthiswifesaidshewastootired.归纳：句子构成的基本原则＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿　　　＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿第18页共18页\n学点语法第二讲定语从句(一)知识要点：1.定语2.先行词3.连词知识梳理：1.定语aperfectpresentabookstoreyourhaironewaytheroomabovethewaytodosth.awalkingstickasleepingbabyalostchildamapofChinaTheboyyoutalkedtojustnowisherx-boyfriend.归纳：定语______________________________________________________________________2.先行词（名词、代词短语，包括修饰词）HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.ThisisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.ThisistheonlyoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.ThisisthesamewatchasIlostyesterday.归纳：先行词_____________________________________________________________________3.连词（关系代词关系副词）1）关系代词(主语或宾语)指人：who,whom,that指物：that，which指事：which，as2）关系副词（状语）where=in/on/at/under…whichwhy=forwhichwhen=in/at/during…which3）*whose=the+n.ofwhich/whomBlank-filling:1.Chuckisabusinessman____isalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.2.Therearemorethan42countries_____themajorityofthepeoplespeakEnglish.3.Flora______beautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwetstartedtocrying.4.Askquestionabouttheplacewheretheygrewup,thetimewhentheywereyoung,thereason_______theychosetheirjobsandabouttheircareer.5.Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenes______peoplewereeatenbytheshark.6.andweshouldbuildawebsite_____peoplecanlookatthepicturesandpaintings.用法归纳：关系代词_______________________________________________________________关系副词_______________________________________________________________第18页共18页\n学点语法第三讲定语从句(二)知识要点：1.介词加关系代词2.关系副词3.非限4.What型关系词知识梳理：1.介词加关系代词的用法(prep+which/whom)Isthistheheroofwhomweareproud.ThisisthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.例题：1)Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.A．ofthemB．fromwhichC．whoofD．ofwhom2）Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs______theyarebeingtrained.A．inthatB．forthatC．inwhichD．forwhich3)Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_____hewentontoCambridge.A．fromwhichB．afterthatC．afterwhichD．fromthis4)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.A．duringwhichtimeB．forwhichtimeC．duringwhosetimeD．bythattime5）humanfacialexpressionsdifferformthoseofanimalsinthedegree_______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich归纳_______________________________________________________________________2.关系副词的用法a.Doyoustillrememberthedays_______wespentinQinghai?b.Doyoustillrememberthedays_______wespentthesummerholidaysinQinghai?归纳_______________________________________________________________________例题1）—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheoneyouknowIusedtoworkforyears.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what2）Iwalkedinourgarden,_______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.A．WhichB．whenC．whereD．that3）Ifashophaschairs________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop．A．thatB．whichC．WhenD．where4）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger______itwas20yearsago,_____itwassopoorlyequipped.A．what;whenB．that;whichC．what;whichD．which;that5）Theplace_______thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe________thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A．which;whereB．atwhich;whichC．atwhich;whereD．which;inwhich第18页共18页\n学点语法6)thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where3.非限制性定语从句a.Mybrother,wholivesinNewYork,hassixchildren.b.Imetaboatman,who(andhe)thentookmeacrosstheriver.c.TheywillflytoKunming,where(andthere)theywillstayfortwoorthreedays.d.Asisknowntoall,Bellinventedthetelephone.例题：1.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,shewantedtobe.A．whoB．thatC．whatD．which2Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A．whichB．thatC．thisD．it3.______Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.A．WhenB．AfterC．AsD．Since4.定语从句与同位语从句的区别句法功能定语从句起修饰，限定作用.同位语从句解释说明被修饰词的内容.1.Doyouhaveanyidea________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A．thatB．whatC．asD．which2Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt______acureforAIDSwillbefound．A.whichB．thatC．WhatD．whether3Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A．whoB．thatC．asD．which5.主从句皆缺成分连词的选择1).名词性-what,whatever,whoever(sth.that/sb.who)2)副词性-where,when,whywhere=(in)theplacewherewhen=(at)thetimewhenwhy=(for)thereasonwhy例题：1.Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.A．inwhichB．inwhatC．fromwhatD．fromwhich2.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A．whyB．whatC．whoD．that3.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor_____hethoughtwasnotenough.A．whereB．howC．whatD．which4.Wecannotfigureout_______quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when5.Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden_______itwasthebesttimeforit．A．whereB．WhenC．ThatD．until第18页共18页\n学点语法练习题：1.（2011安徽卷）Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A．whenB．whichC．whereD．while2.（2011四川卷）Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A．whichB．whoseC．whenD．where3.（2011浙江卷）Abankistheplace____theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A．whenB．thatC．whereD．there4.（2011浙江卷）Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.A．whichB．whatC．themD．those5.（2011新课标卷）Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.A．thatB．whichC．whoseD．what6.（2011天津卷）Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A．whenB．thatC．whereD．which7.（2011陕西卷）Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfeiend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A．whichB．whereC．whoD．that8.（2011山东卷）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A．theyB．whereC．whatD．that9.（2011全国2卷）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A．thisB．thatC．whatD．which10.（2011江西卷）Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A．forwhichB．withwhichC．ofwhichD．towhich11.（2011江苏卷）Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,__________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A．WhenB．WhereC．thatD．which[来源:学+科+网]12.（2011湖南卷）JuliawasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_______shespokefluently.A．whoB．whomC．whichD．that13.（2011福建卷）ItwasApril29,2001PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A．thatB．whenC．sinceD．berore14.（2011福建卷）Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A．whichB．whereC．whatD．who15.（2011北京卷）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A．whoB．whichC．whatD．that第18页共18页\n学点语法第四讲状语从句和名词性从句知识要点：状语从句和名词性从句的分类各种连接词的含义知识讲解时间状语从句：1.when，while，as的用法区别when:常见句型：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________while:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________as:_____________________________________________________________________________2.‘一…就…’的表达1)assoonas,once2)immediately,directly,instantly3)themoment,thefirsttime,4)nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when3.till,until和notuntil4.before和since地点状语：where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere原因状语：because，as，since，for目的状语和结果状语inorderthat,sothatforfearthatsothat,(too…to,so…asto)条件状语和方式状语if,unless,aslongas,incase,onconditionthat,supposing,providedthatas,asif,asthough让步状语从句和比较状语从句：though/although,eventhough(if)thanas…as第18页共18页\n学点语法名词性从句1.分类：2.连词：3.常见接同位语从句的名词：desire,news,possibility,answer,hope,fact,truth,idea,promise,information,conclusion,order,suggestion,problem,question,thought,belief,decision,doubt,opinion,theory等。练习题：1.（2011四川卷）FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.A．whetherB．althoughC．forD．so2.（2011浙江卷）OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway__mydaughterbeardcriesforhelpA．afterB．whileC．sinceD．when3.（2011新课标卷）-Someonewantsyouonthephone.-nobodyknowsIamhere.A．AlthoughB．AndC．ButD．So4.（2011新课标卷）Tryshemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A．ifB．whenC．sinceD．as5.（2011天津卷）regularexerciseisveryimportant，it’sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.A．ItB．AsC．AlthoughD．Unless6.（2011全国2卷）Itwasanicemeal,_______alittleexpensive.A．thoughB．whetherC．asD．since7.（2011辽宁卷）Bringtheflowersintoawarmroomthey'llsoonopen.A．orB．andC．butD．for8.（2011江西卷）Thehousewastooexpelsiveandtoobig.______,I’dgrownfondofourlittlerentedhouse.A．BesidesB．ThereforeC．SomehowD．Otherwise9.（2011四川卷）Asitreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.A．whenB．beforeC．afterD．since10.（2011重庆卷）Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwearetoshakehandswith.A．whicheverB．wheneverC．whoeverD．wherever11.（2011新课标卷）Onlywhenhereachedthetea-houseitwasthesameplacehe’dbeeninlastyear.A．herealizedB．hedidrealizeC．realizedheD．didherealize[来源:学科网]12.（2011陕西卷）__________________allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.A．SinceB．WhileC．IfD．As13.（2011湖南卷）Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim_______hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A．asifB．incaseC．whileD．though第18页共18页\n学点语法14.（2011北京卷）___________volleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogreatatbasketball.[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]A．SinceB．OnceC．UnlessD．While15.（2011安徽卷）Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.A．thatB．howC．whoD．what16.（2011陕西卷）I’dliketostartmyownbusiness–that’sI’ddoifIhadthemoney.A．whyB．whenC．whichD．what17.（2011辽宁卷）Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfirst.A．whatB．whoC．howD．why18.（2011江苏卷）Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.A．thatB．howC．whenD．why19.（2011湖南卷）Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvious_______theproblemitselfis.A．whatB．thatC．whichD．why20.（2011北京卷）Theshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.A．whatB．howC．thatD．why21.（2011北京卷）BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A．WhichB．WhatC．ThatD．Whom22.（2011山东卷）I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis_____heneverfinishesanything.A．thatB．whenC．whereD．why23.（2011辽宁卷）Whenthenewscamethewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.A．sinceB．whichC．thatD．because24.（2011重庆卷）Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee_______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A．whoseB．whatC．whichD．that25.（2011山东卷）We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.A．whereB．whatC．whetherD．which26.（2011江西卷）Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.A．thisB．thatC．whatD．which第18页共18页\n学点语法第五讲冠词，名词和代词1.名词可数名词普通名词（人或物的名称）dog集体名词（集体的名称）class不可数名词物质名词（物质的名称）paper抽象名词（抽象的物的名称）happiness专有名词（人或物所特有的名称）Tom,China*可数与不可数名词的界定：2.冠词用法：单数名词a/an泛指（单一，每一，任一）类指the特指上文提到被限制性修饰语限定说话双方默认独一无二（世界上）专指类指复数名词和不可数名词：3.代词：1）分类：人称，物主，反身，指示，不定，疑问、关系2）用法：指示代词：this,that,it,such,same不定代词：one,theone,ones,theones,that,those,every-,any-,no-,none,either,neither,both,all,little,few,alittle,afew练习题：1.(2011新课标卷,33)Itisgenerallyacceptedthatboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeman.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填2.(2011全国卷II,16)Ashereachedfrontdoor,Jacksawstrangesight.A.the;不填B.a;theC.不填aD.the;a3.(2011山东卷,21)Takeyourtime—it’sjust_____shortdistancefromhereto_____restaurant.A.不填；theB.a;theC.the;aD.不填；a4.(2011浙江卷,2)Expertsthinkthat__________recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe________Picsso.A.the;不填B.a;theC.a;不填D.the;a5.(2011四川卷,18）Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheD.a;A6.(2011重庆卷,26）Incommunication,asmileisusually__________strongsignofafriendlyand_______openattitude.A.the,/B.a,anC.a,/D.the,an7.(2011陕西卷,13）Asisknowntoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisbiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.第18页共18页\n学点语法A.the;不填B.不填；theC.the；theD.不填；不填8.(2011江西卷22）——It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover＄60,000_____year.——Right,hewillalsogetpaidby_____week.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a9.(2011陕西卷,16）——Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?——one?A.OtherB.EveryC.AnotherD.More10.(2011湖南卷,24）Iknewthat_____wouldeverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing11.(2011辽宁卷,27)——Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?——,thankyou.I'vejusthadsomewater.A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither4.(2011江西卷25）Whydon’tyoubring_____tohisattentionthatyou’retooilltoworkon?A.thatB.itC.hisD.him12.(2011山东卷,24)Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind________difficulttotellonefromtheother.A.itB.themC.herD.that[来源:学§科§网]13.(2011福建卷,21）Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it14.(2011安徽卷,22）Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_____almostanovercoatforher.A.themB.herC.itselfD.herself15.(2011浙江卷,7)Sincepeoplearefondofhumor,itisaswelcomeinconversationas________else.A.anythingB.somethingC.anywhereD.somewhere16.(2011四川卷,3）Thereisinhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything17.(2011重庆卷,27）——Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.——Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that18.(2011全国卷II,11)Igotthisbicyclefor;Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing19.(2011北京卷,34）Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease.A.themB.thoseC.itD.that20.(2011天津卷,1）Wefeelourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.[来源:Zxxk.Com]A.itB.thisC.thatD.one第18页共18页\n学点语法第六讲动词的时态语态知识要点：时与体各种时态的基本含义时态的判断被动语态知识讲解1.时与体的概念体时过去现在将来一般进行完成2.部分重点时态具体含义：一般现在时：一般过去时：现在进行时现在完成时：过去完成时：将来完成时：3.时态的判断：1）时间状语2）谓语动词4.语态：1）dobedone2）主动表被动：need,want,requirebeworthhavesthtodowithsthtodosthbe+adj.+todo练习题：1.(2011全国卷,23)Planingsofaraheadnosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.A.madeB.ismakingC.makesD.hasmade2.(2011全国卷,24)Iwasn’tsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhepolite.A.wasjustbeingB.willjustbeC.hadjustbeenD.wouldjustbe3.(2011全国卷,29)WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshethere.A.hadbeenlyingB.hasbeenlyingC.waslyingD.haslain4.(2011全国卷II,9)Ifyoudon'tlikethedrinkyou______justleaveitandtryadifferentone.A.orderedB.areorderingC.willorderD.hadordered5.（2011北京卷,21）ExperimentsofthiskindinboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted6.（2011北京卷,23）Tominthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.第18页共18页\n学点语法A.worksB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.hadbeenworking7.（2011北京卷,27）——Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.——Yeah,itusawholeweektogetthere.A.takesB.hastakenC.tookD.wastaking8.（2011北京卷,32）——BobhasgonetoCalifornia.——Oh,canyoutellmewhenhe?A.hasleftB.leftC.isleavingD.wouldleave9.（2011天津卷,3）Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilmsallovertheworld.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced10.（2011天津卷,4）Onhernextbirthday,Annmarriedfortwentyyears.A.isB.hasbeenC.willbeD.willhavebeen11.（2011上海春招,29）I’msureyouwilldobetterinthetestbecauseyou______sohardthisyear.A.studiedB.hadstudiedC.willstudyD.havebeenstudying12.（2011上海春招,32）Alotofpeopleoftenforgetthatoralexams______totestourcommunicativeability.A.designB.aredesignedC.aredesigningD.arebeingdesigned13.(2011山东卷,31)WhenIgotonthebus,I_____Ihadleftmywalletathome.A.wasrealizingB.realizedC.haverealizedD.wouldrealize14.(2011山东卷,35)Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechild_____everything!A.hadbeeneatingB.hadeatenC.haveeatenD.havebeeneating15.（2011江苏卷,21）——Ihearyou____inapub.what’sitlike?——Well,it’sveryhardworkandI’malwaystired,butIdon’tmind.A.areworkingB.willworkC.wereworkingD.willbeworking16.（2011江苏卷,23）——Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.——Iknow.Bynextmonth,he_______enoughforausedone.A.savesB.savedC.willsaveD.willhavesaved17.（2011福建卷,32）Lastmonth,theJapanesegovernmentexpressedtheirthanksfortheaidtheyfromChina.A.receiveB.arereceivingC.havereceivedD.hadreceived18.（2011安徽卷,32）——Ididn’taskforthenamelist.Why______onmydesk? ——Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit. A.doesitlandB.hasitlandedC.willitlandD.haditlanded 19.(2011浙江卷,15)Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant______inhisplacebut,luckily,everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.A.gaveB.givesC.wasgivingD.hadgiven20.（2011四川卷,9）Allvisitorstothisvillage_________withkindness.A.treatB.aretreatedC.aretreatingD.hadbeentreated21.（2011四川卷,19）——Whatamistake!——Yes.Ihisdoingitanotherway,butwithoutsuccess.A.wassuggestingB.willsuggestC.wouldsuggestD.hadsuggested22.（2011重庆卷,21）Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who_________thepianoupstairs?A.hasplayedB.playedC.playsD.isplaying23.（2011重庆卷,31）LookattheprideonTom’sface.Hetohavebeenpraisedbythemanagerjustnow.A.seemedB.seemsC.hadseemedD.isseeming第18页共18页\n学点语法24.（2011陕西卷,12）Hisfirstnovelgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.A.receivesB.isreceivingC.willreceiveD.hasreceived25.（2011湖南卷,22）——John,what______inyourhand?——Look!It’sabirthdaygiftformygrandma.AhadyouheldBareyouholdingCdoyouholdDwillyouhold26.（2011湖南卷,27）In1492,Columbus_______ononeoftheBahamaislands,buthemistookitforanislandoffIndia.A.landsB.landedC.haslandedD.hadlanded27.（2011湖南卷,30）ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI________sinceIcametothisschool.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.amattendingD.haveattended28.（2011湖南卷,34）Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology______byscentists.A.aremakingB.aremadeC.willmakeD.willbemade29.(2011辽宁卷,28)I'llgotothelibraryassoonasIfinishwhatI.A.wasdoingB.amdoingC.havedoneD.hadbeendoing30.(2011辽宁卷,34)BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hissonfromcollege.A.graduatedB.hasgraduatedC.hadbeengraduatingD.hadgraduated31.（2011江西卷30）Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebody_____intotheofficeduringthenight.A.brokeB.hadbrokenC.hasbrokenD.wasbreaking第七讲非谓语动词知识要点非谓语动词的分类非谓语动词的形式及含义非谓语动词用法注意点知识讲解1.非谓语动词的分类动名词：动词不定式：分词：2.非谓语动词的形式及含义1）动名词2）动词不定式3）分词：无先后同时先后主动doing被动donebeingdone3.非谓语动词用法注意点1)2)练习题1.(2011全国卷,27)Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen2.(2011全国卷II,15)Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.第18页共18页\n学点语法A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined3.(2011全国卷II,18)Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying4.（2011北京卷,25）It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated5.（2011北京卷,33）Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet.A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept6.（2011天津卷,7）Passeagersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried7.（2011天津卷,12）______intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated8.（2011上海春招,34）Mikefoundhismissingcarinthestreetoutsidehishouse,______newlycleanedandpolished.A.lookedB.tolookC.lookingD.tobelooking9.（2011上海春招,36）______in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]10.（2011上海春招,40）HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestars______asacarpenterbefore.A.toworkB.tobeworkingC.tohaveworkedD.tohavebeenworking11.(2011山东卷,27)Lookoverthere—there’saverylong,windingpath_________uptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead12.（2011江苏卷,31）Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A．comparedB．comparingC．comparesD．beingcompared13.（2011福建卷,23）TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded14.（2011福建卷,27）ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold15.（2011安徽卷,30）Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier_____intosmallpieces.A.breakB.breakingC.brokenD.tobreak16.(2011浙江卷,3)Batsaresurprsinglylong-livedcreatures,some_______________alifespanofaround20years.A.havingBhadC.haveD.tohave17.(2011浙江卷,14)Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves____forwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost18.(2011浙江卷,19)Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity_______bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheeredB.becheeresdC.tobecheeredD.werecheered19.（2011四川卷,2）Ladexdoes’tfeellikeabroad.Herparentsareold.A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy20.（2011四川卷,11）Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep21.（2011四川卷,16）animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer22.（2011重庆卷,29）MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’s第18页共18页\n学点语法concernoverfoodsafety.[来源:学.科.网]A.toraiseB.raisingC.tohaveraisedD.havingraised23.（2011重庆卷,33）MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________ofhisowndreams.A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind24.（2011陕西卷,14）Clairehadherluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked25.（2011陕西卷,20）MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,___________itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade26.（2011湖南卷,21）Theability_____anideaisasimportantastheideaitselfAexpressingBexpressedCtoexpressDtobeexpressed27.（2011湖南卷,23）Theplayers______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.AselectingBtoseleceCselectedDhavingselected28.（2011湖南卷,29）Doyouwakeupeverymorning__________energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt29.(2011辽宁卷,30)aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering30.（2011江西卷32）Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,Mr.Gordenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay31.(2011辽宁卷,23)Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfast.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why第18页共18页\n学点语法第八讲情态动词和虚拟语气知识要点：1.情态动词的类型和特征2.情态动词用法要点3.非真实条件句中的虚拟语气4.表主观意见词后的虚拟语气5.特殊虚拟语气句式知识讲解：1.情态动词的特征：1）助动词2）无人称数的变化（haveto除外）3）后接不带to的动词不定式2.用法要点1）表推测（可能性）词形肯定式否定式疑问式mustwillwouldshouldoughtcancouldmaymight2）请求，允诺，允许ShallWould/will/canMay3）必要性need,should,oughtmust,haveto4）能力cancouldbeabletowas/wereabletocouldhavedone5）情态动词+havedonemusthavedonecan(not)havedonecouldhavedonemay/mighthavedone第18页共18页\n学点语法mighthavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneneedn’thavedonewouldratherhavedonewouldlike/lovetohavedone1）情态动词其他CannotbutdosthMayaswellCannot+enoughMust表偏要Should表竟然Need和dare的用法2.虚拟语气1）非真实条件句中条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设2）If省略句3）介词短语替代条件状语从句句中的虚拟：with,without,butfor4）Ifonly5）Evenif/though6）asif练习题：1.(2011全国卷,32)Theyhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should2.(2011全国卷II,8)Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may3.（2011北京卷,24）——Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?——Don’tworry.Hecome.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot4.（2011北京卷,28）——Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.——Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen5.（2011北京卷,30）MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying6.（2011天津卷,15）I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome7.（2011上海春招,27）Someyoungpeoplethesedaysjust______gooutoftheirhomestocontacttherealworld.第18页共18页\n学点语法A.mustn’tB.won’tC.mightn’tD.shouldn’t8.（2011江苏卷,34）——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen9.（2011福建卷,25）——ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?——Iamafraidyou,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can10.（2011福建卷,34）——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldsttendD.wouldhaveattended11.（2011安徽卷,26）——Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?——Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced12.(2011浙江卷,11)——How’syournewbabysitter?——We________askforabetterone.Allourkidslovehersomuch.A.shouldB.mightC.mustn‘tD.couldn’t13.（2011四川卷,20）Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should[来源:学科网]14.（2011重庆卷,25）——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?——Iwantedto,butmymomsimply_________notletmeoutsolateatnight.A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should15.（2011陕西卷,22）I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone16.（2011陕西卷,24）——Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?——OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall17.（2011湖南卷,28）Noone________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.A.canB.needC.mustD.might18.(2011辽宁卷,21)Ifyougo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will19.（2011江西卷23）It_______bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t20.（2011江西卷28）We_____John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput第18页共18页