高中英语总结123 6页

一、《强调句》1.itis/was+被强调部分(主、宾、状)+that/who判断方法：去掉itis/was和that/who，如果句子仍然是完整的，则该句型就是强调句。句子如果不完整，则是定语从句。2.强调句的一般疑问句形式是wasit…that/who强调句的特殊疑问句itwasnotuntil…that…3.谓语动词人称和数的一致性eg：itisiwhoamright.Itishewhoiswrong.Itisthestudengtswhoarelovely.4.Who和that的选用：①强调人时用that或who都可以②既强调人又包括物时只能用、强调时间状语、强调地点状语、强调原因状语用that5.强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子的需要选择它的主格或宾格形式Eg：Itis（B）whowanttoseeyou?A.himB.heC.hisD.himself--whatismary?--wasit(C)thatyouwererefferto?A.heB.sheC.herD.they6.强调句型中定语从句和时间状语从句易混淆的句型判断①在“it+be动词+点时间+其它”这一结构中若在表达点时间的名词前有介词时，则该句型属于强调句型，名词后应接that。若在时间名词前无出现介词后接引导时间状语的连词when或before。Itwasatsixo'clockthattheaccidentoccured.(强调句型)Itwassixsharpwhentheaccidenthappened(时间状语从句)7.itwas+一段时间的结构，若段时间后有ago或later时常用引导强调句型的连接词that，若段时间后无ago或later，常用表示相隔之长之短的连接词before。Eg：itwastwentycenturiesago(that)theGreatWallcomeintobeing.itwasfiveyearslater（that）hecamebackfromabroad.itwassometime（before)werealizethetrueth.注意：强调句一般考察的是选择题、完型、改错。二《定语从句》1.关系代词：①修饰前面的主语、宾语、表语、定语②前面是人时用who、whom、that③前面是物时用what、that、which2.关系副词：①修饰前面的状语（地点状语、原因状语、方式状语、时间状语）②重要有where、why、how、when3在做此类题时常常有选择题里面：what=名词+which/thatwhose+名词=ofwho/which4.that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，在宾语从句中充当成分，当and连接两个以上的定从，第二个that不可省略。5.nomatter+what/who/which/when(状语从句)whoever/whatever/whichever/whenever(既可作名词性从句也可作状语从句)\neg:whoeverheis(=nomatterwhat),hemustobeytherules.状语从句whoeverheismustobeytherules.主语谓语6.do/spend/visit/explain/介词+what（先行词）注意：此类有题目一般选择、完型、改错三《非谓语动词》1.非谓语动词todo/doing/done2.非谓语动词作状语做题步骤①观察逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致②非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系（判断是主谓还是动宾关系）③非谓语动词与主句的谓语在时间上的关系注意：此类有题目一般选择四《倒装句式》1.否定意义的词放在句首2.倒装的情况①表示运动方向或地点的词放在句首时②表示方位的介词短语、副词放在句首（there、here、come、out）时③only+副词/介词短语/从句放在句首时④否定/半否定的词放句首⑤as（尽管）3.主语是名词的不倒装，主语是代词的不倒装（he/she/it）4.省略if的虚拟语气5.nosoonerhad+主语+过去分词……thanhardlyhad+主语+过去分词……when+从句scarelyhad+主语+过去分词……when+从句6.notuntil位于句首时其引导的从句不倒装，而后面的主句部分倒装7.表示“也不”的倒装肯定句：“so+助动词+主语”否定句：“neither/nyor+助动词+主语”既有肯定又有否定“soitiswith+主语”8.形容词/副词/名词/动词/+as(though)+让步状语从句，as之后的主谓不倒装Eg：strangeasitmightsound,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.9.so/neitherso/muchso+adj/adv结构放在句首五《虚拟语气》\n1.一种定语从句it’shightimethat+did2.两种目的从句sothat/inorderthat+could/might/can/may+do3.三种随时间变化句wish/ifnoly/asif/though+(现在did/were)/(过去haddone)/（将来could/mightdo）if条件句：时态从句主句现在Were型Should/wouldbe过去Hadbeen型Should/wouldhavebeen将来Shouldbe型were型Wereto型Should/wouldbe注：①含蓄条件句由or/otherwise/with/without/butforEg:Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butI’mbusynow.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.②倒装条件句把were/had/should提前，省略if的条件句Eg:Werehetotelluseverything,wewouldtrytosolvethisproblem③混合时间句④虚实结合⑤wouldrather+现在、将来（did/were）wouldrather+过去（hahdone）4.名词性从句+（should）do这边括号里的should表示可以省略①当表语为important/natural/necessary/possible/strange/arranged/decided/demand/ordered/Request/suggest/surprising/apity②一坚持insist二命令order/demand三建议suggest/advise/propose四要求asked/Demand/request/require③表语从句idear/plan5.it的句型itisimportant/necessary/obvious/+that(shoulddo)itissuggested/orderthat+(should)doitistime/hightime/abouttimethatould+动词ed/shouddo此处should不可省略itisthefirsttime+that:不用虚拟语气（主句用过去时从句用完成时，主句用现在时从句用完成时）ithadbeen/is+一段时间since+主语+did\nit+…wassince+hahdoneitwas+点+when……itwas+adjfor/of+sb+todo六《时态》1现在进行时doing2现在完成时have/hasdone3过去完成时haddone4过去时done5过去进行时wasdoing6将来完成时wouldhavedone七《情态动词》情态动词我就省略掉仅提两个常考的1.表示习惯的usedto/wouldUsedto：指过去常常，暗指“现在不干了”Would：指过去常常，但不涉及现在的情况表示存在的状态时只用usedto,表示烦人的事只用would2.两栖动词need/dare实义动词时need/daretodo不作为实义动词时needdoing/tobedone八《形容词的排序》记法（县官行令验国材）县：限定词观点词：描绘性的词行：形状、大小、长度、高度令：年龄、新旧验：颜色国：国籍材：材料限定词+描绘性的词+大小、长度、高度+新旧、年龄+颜色+国家+材料+用途+名词九《冠词》1.the+名词单数2.a/an+名词复数3.复数名词/不可数名词前不带冠词4.普通名词构成的专有名词前+the5.表示语言的名前一般不用冠词，但后面出现language词前面须加定冠词theeg:English=theEnglishlangage高中常见的纯不可数名词有imformation/fun/weather/progress/advise/new/spaces/world6.theone特指的某一个7.当遇到a/an时选one8.当遇到the+名词选that(指上文提到过的不定代词)9.it指代上文提到过的同一事物十《反意疑问句》1.——Idon’tthinkthepriceisreasonable,isn’tit?——_D___,Iagreewithyou.A.yes,isitB.no,isitC.yes,doID.no,isn’tit变形：——Ithinkthepriceisreasonable，isn’tit？\n——Iagreewithyou.No,itisnotreasonableyes,itisreasonableYes+肯定+把后面句子补充完整No+否定+把后面句子补充完整1.否定转移：否定转移的句型的主语一般是第一人称，如加反意疑问句应针对从句并且把not考虑在内Eg：Idid’tthinkshewashappy,wasshe?Idon’tsupposehecouldhavedonewellinthemidtermexamlastweek,didhe?十一《宾补》With+宾语+宾补（do/doing/done/介词短语/adj/adv）Find+宾语+宾补（doing/done/介词短语/adj/adv）make+宾语+宾补（do/done/adj/n）leave+宾语+宾补（doing/done/adj/adv）hear+宾语+宾补（do/doing/done）have+do/doing/donemake+（do/done/adj/n）十二《归纳》1.Agreatdealof+不可数名词anmountof+不可数名词Agreatmany+可数名词alotof/aquantityof+可数复数、不可数名词2.常见的只能跟动名词做宾语的动词有：admit,advise,enjoy,imagine,avoid,consider,mind,finish,escape,keep,practice,risk,suggest,deny,giveup,putoff,iniston,can’thelp,makeout,leadto,objectto,devoteto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,listento,stickto,adaptto,relateto,getdowmto,addictto3.倍数关系倍数+as+adj/adv+as倍数+the+名词（size/length/height）of倍数+adj/adv比较级+than动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数2.就近原则Notonly……butalsoneither……noreither……or3.就前原则Expectwith/besides/with/togetherwith/aswellas6.have/let/make/+doget+todo(这几个都是使役动词)7.beworthdoing/beworthyofbeingdone/beworthytobedone/itisworthoneselfwhiletodo8.awaytodo/ofdoing/that/inwhich/不加9.seatsb/sbsit/sbbeseat10.likelytodo(主语可以是人、it、she、he)itisproblethat\nItispossibleforsbtodowouldliketodoFeellikedoing11.betoblamefor/blamesbforsth/puishsbfor/praisesbfor/advisesbfor虚拟语气的题目1.“Howshouldthecityberun?”“IfI(B)amayor,Iwouldmakethestreetscleanerandhiremorepolicemen.”A.wouldB.wereC.wouldbeD.should2.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemother(B)onherrighttokeepthebaby.A.hasbeeninsistingB.hadinsistedC.wouldinsistD.insisted3.Asafetyanalysis(C)thetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.A.wouldidentifyB.willidentifyC.wouldhaveidentifiedD.willhaveidentified4.Jackwishesthathe(D)businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.A.studiedB.studyC.hadbeenstudyingD.hadstudied5.Wouldn’tyouratheryourchild(B)tobedearly?A.goB.wentC.wouldgoD.goes6.Thattrainlookedasifit(A)foralongtime.A.hadn’tbeenwateredB.hasn’twateredC.didn’twaterD.wasn’twater-ed这里面大多适用于选择题，选择题一般时态、和句型，还有词组，这里面有的将就看下，没有的平实积累下。做完型要联系上下文，连接词，词组等。