高中英语倒装省略 3页

倒装句一.概念：英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓误在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序二.相关知识点精讲：按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。1.当以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Ourteachercamein.Incameourteacher.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Hereitis.Awayhewent.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Herecomesthebus.Outrushedtheboys.2.how,then,just,often表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Thencame8yearsoftheAntiJapaneseWar.3.表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did,does或do.Underabigtree________,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatman4.there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.Manyyearsagotherelivedanoldmaninthewoodenhouse.Infrontofthetowerflewsastream.5.so+动词+主语neither/nor+动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用soitiswith…Youcanrideabike.SocanI.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Thefirstoneisn’tgood,neitheristhesecond.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears.Soitiswithhisaunt.6.so+形容词/副词that的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下：so+形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that+从句。Lighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.=Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.Soeasywastheworkthattheyfinisheditinafewdays.7.done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.8.否定副词not,never,seldom,nowhere,little,rarely放于句首时要用倒装句式。Weseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.9.hardly…when;scarcely…when…;nosooner…than…可以用正常语序hadhardlydonewhen…did3\n或用倒装句式Hardlyhad+主语+donewhen…did句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。Thebellhardlyhadrungwhentheclassbegan.=Hardlyhadthebellrungwhentheclassbegan.NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhebegantowork.10.notonly…butalso如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.11.only及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：only+状语+be/助动词/情态动词+主语及其他OnlywhenhetoldmethenewsdidIknowwhathadhappened.OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinyourEnglish.12.虚拟语气中的倒装句IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakethejob.=WereIyou,Iwouldtakethejob.练习：1._______andcaughtthemouse.A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat2.______andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMr.BrownB.Mr.BrownincameC.IncameheD.cameinMr.Brown3.Over_______,dead.A.rollingthegoatB.rolledthegoatC.didthegoatrollD.thegoatrolled4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?—_________.A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.ThereisD.Hereisit省略句一.概念：英语中,为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句二.相关知识点精讲：1.简单句中的省略：在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。（1）Lookslikerain.（2）Hopetohearfromyousoon.（3）Soundslikeagoodidea.（4）Begyourpardon.（5）Feelingbettertoday?（6）Thisway,please.（7）—Whatdoeshewanttoeat?—Somericeandvegetables.（8）AnythingIcandoforyou?（9）Sorrytohearthat.（10）Doesn’tmatter.（11）Terribleweather!（12）Pityyoucouldn’tcome.2.并列句中的省略：在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）TheylearnFrenchandweEnglish.（2）Myfatherplannedandbuiltallthesehouses.3\n（3）JohnwonthefirstraceandJimmythesecond.（4）Coralisnotaplantbutavarietyofanimallife.3.复合句中的省略：定语从句：（1）That’sthereasonheislatefortheconference.（2）Idon’tlikethewayhetalks.状语从句：（1）Ifheated,waterwillboil.（2）Tomwasattackedbycrampwhileswimmingacrosstheriver.（3）We’llgotohelpyouifnecessary.（4）HadItime,Iwouldcome.（5）I’llgo,shoulditbenecessary.（6）Thecaptaincanfindaboatquickerthanwecan.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。（1）Wewilldowhatwecan（do）tohelpyou.（2）—IsMr.Kinginhisoffice?—Sorry,Idon’tknow（whetherheisinhisofficeornot.4.动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。（1）—Wouldyouliketogowithus?—I’mgladto,butIhavetofinishmyhomework.（2）Don’ttellmethenameofthesailorifyoudon’twantto.（3）—Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside?—No,wecan’taffordto.在usedto,oughtto,haveto,wouldlike/loveto,wishto,begoingto等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。（1）Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto.（2）Hedoesn’tgetupearlyasheusedto.（3）I’llhanditinifIhaveto.（4）—Wouldyouliketocometonight?—I’dloveto.Tell,warn,order,advise,ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。（1）HewantedtoswimacrosstheriverbutIwarnedhimnotto.（2）Theboywantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnotto.1._____,Iwillhelpyouwithyourwork.A.IfIampossibleB.IfitpossibleC.IfpossibleD.Possible2.—Doyoufollowme?—Yes,_____.A.itisgoodB.IwillC.perfectlyD.verygood3.—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—Oh,I’msorry.Thingsaren’tgoingsowellas_____.A.plansB.planningC.plannedD.toplan4.—Areyouateacher?—No,butI_____.Iworkedinamiddleschoolforthreeyears.A.amB.willC.doD.was3