高中英语现在分词 8页

现在分词动词的・ing形式：动词的ing形式是非谓语动词中的一种，它由动词原形加・ing形成。有的动词・ing形式在句中起名词作用，有的则起形容词或副词作用。所以在句中，动词的・ing形式可以担当除了谓语以外的任何成分，BP：主语、表语、宾语（介词宾语和动词宾语）、定语、状语和宾语补足语（宾补）。动词-ing形式仍具有动词的若干特点，所以它又可以有自己的宾语和状;五堂•口寺0一般式：所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生e.g.Ifoundhimlyingontheground・完成式：所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作z前e.g.Doyourememberhavingpromisedmethat?被动式：或,表示该词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者e.g.Ican'tstandbeingtreatedlikethat.否定式：not或never的位置？e.g・Iapologizefornothavingkeptmypromise・1.作表语，相当于形容词。1）Thefilmismovingandinteresting・这部电影感人又有趣。2）Thenewssoundsencouraging.这个消息听起来激动人心。（起形容词作用的动词的ing形式含有"令人”的意思。如:amusing,astonishing,boring,exciting,inspiring,missing,promising,puzzling,surprising,tiring,embarrassing,disappointing,worrying,frightening,moving）pleasing,etc.）2.作定语excitingnews激动人心的消息atiringday累人的一天1）Themanrunningoverthereisourchairman.=Themanwhoisrunningoverthereisourchairman.这个跑过来的人是我们的主席。2）Theroadjoiningthetwovillagesisverywide.=Theroadthatjoinsthetwovillagesisverywide.连接两个村子的路非常的宽。3）Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorththirtyyearsago.=Theyliveinaroomwhichfacedthenorththirtyyearsago.三十年前，他们住在一个朝北的房间里。3.宾语补足语，经常用在动词feel,hear,leave,keep,listento,lookat,notice,see,observe,watch,etc.后作宾补，表示动作正在进行，状态正在持续。1）当他路过银行的时候，他看到小偷正在偷钱。2）这对父母可以听到他们的女儿在弹钢琴。\n3）他让我等了将近一个小时。4）别让他在雨里等。1.作状语：分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随等等。分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。1)秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备长长的演讲稿。2)她们边唱边跳走进教室。3)听到这个消息他跳了起來。4)研究了地图之后，我知道该走哪条路了。5)为了避免迟到，我打车去那儿的。6)他太生气了睡不着。7)这个男人被解雇了，没有足够的钱买食物。8)公交车被困在暴风雪中，耽误了时间。9)他的父母去世了，留下他一个人。10)虽然被告知了很多次，他仍然重复同样的错误。11)她弹钢琴的时候变得非常兴奋。12)过马路的吋候要小心。注意：(1)V-ing所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生1)Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn'thelpcrying.=Onhearingthebadnews,theycouldn^thelpcrying・听到这个坏信息，他们忍不住哭了。(2)动词・ing所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动词所表示的动作才发生1)Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons・=Afterturningofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.他关掉了收咅机，开始复习功课。2)Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback・=Afterreceivinghisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.收到他的信，我决定回信。(3)感官动词see,watchobserve,lookat,hear,listento,notice等和使役动词have的后面的宾补用现在分词表示主动或正在进行。1)IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天我路过她教室的时候，听到她在唱一首英语歌。2)It5swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.你不该让机器运行。3)Thepeasantshadthetractorworkingdayandnightattheharvesttime.在收获季节，农民让拖拉机口夜不停的工作。(4)动词・ing逻辑上的主语是动词・ing所表示动作的对象时，一般要用被动形式1)Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.松鼠很幸运，没有被抓住。比较：Heinsistedonbeingsenttohospital.Heinsistedonsendinghertohospital.\n如果一个及物动词作定语，既要表达进行意味，又耍表达被动意味时，就用动词ing的被动形式1)Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在讨论的问题非常重要。2)Theskyscraperbeingbuiltisstillhigherthanthatonetheyearbeforelast.\n正在修建的摩天大楼比前年盖的那个还要高。1)Doyouknowtheboybeingpunishedbyourteacher?你认识那个被老师惩罚的男生吗？(1)动词・ing形式的主动形式代替被动形式的情况有些动词，如：want,need,require,deserve,worth等后面可以跟动词・ing的主动形式代替被动形式，表达被动意味。1)Theradiowants(needs,requires)repairing・=Theradiowants(needs,requires)toberepaired・2)Thebabieswant(need,require)examining.=Thebabieswant(need,require)tobeexamined・3)Thebookiswellworthreadingagain.这本书很值得再看一遍。4)Thesehonestmenareworthrespectinganddependingon.诚实的人值得被尊敬和依赖。⑹有时动词・ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词的所有格(还可以用宾格)來表示它逻辑上的主语，使它的意思更加完整。1)Mary'sbeinglateagainmadeherteacherveryangry.玛丽又迟到了，这让她的老师非常生气。2)Doyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?你介意我在这里抽烟吗？(7)一些特殊用法：a.b.c.allow/advise/forbid/permitdoingsth.allow/advise/forbid/pennitsb.todoGenerallyspeaking…一般來说Franklyspeaking,…坦白地说Judgingfrom・・・Considering—forgetdoingsth・rememberdoingsth.regretdoingsth.stopdoingsth.trydoingsth.meandoingsth・goondoingsth.根据……来判断考虑到……忘记已经做过某事记得曾经做过某事后悔做过某事停止做一件事尝试着做某事意味着做某事继续做同一件事忘记去做某事记住去做某事regrettodosth.stoptodosth.trytodosth.meantodosth.can'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事注意比较：forgettodosth.remembertodosth.遗憾去做某事停下来接着做另一件事努力做某事意欲/想/企图做某事goontodosth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事can'thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事语法练习一、改写句子1・Itseemsimpossibletosavemoneynow.\n=nowseemsimpossible・2.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhewaslyinginbed.=Whenhewokeup,hefoundinbed.3.1wouldratherstayathomethangoshoppingwithMom・=1athomeshoppingwithMom.4.Assoonashearrived,myfatherhuggedAlbertandtriedtogivehimcourage=,myfatherhuggedAlbertandtriedtogivehimcourage・5.Iftimepermits,Fllattendyourweddingceremony.=,Fllattendyourweddingceremony・二、单项选择1.SheinsistedtoMiamiforhersummervacationthoughitwouldcostmuchmoney・A.ontakingB.onbeingtakenC・totakeD.tobetaken2.HesentmeanE-mail,togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB・hopingC.tohopeD.hope3.・・・Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?―enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup・A.GetB.gettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting4.Theheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonlythespeaker・A・tfind;leftB.finding;leavingC.finding;leftD.tofind;gone5.AsIwillbeawayforatleastayea匚Fdappreciatefromyounowandthenmehoweveryoneisgettingalong.A.hearing;tellB.tohear;tellC.hearing;tellingD.tohear;totell6.inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome・A.TowaitB・HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited7.ThejobistomebecauseIhavelittleexperience.However,itisalso.A.challenging;rewardingB・challenged;rewardedC.challenging;rewardedD・challenged;rewarding8.comfortablyinachair,hewascompletelylostinamagazine・A.TositB.SatC.SittingD.havingsit9.…Fveneverseenanyonerunsofast■一Davidgo.A.justwatchB.justtowatchC.justwatchingD.justhavingwatched10.withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.A.CompareB・WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared11.ItissaidthattheOlympicGamesinBeijingin2008coveredmoreeventsthananyotherOlympicshaddone・\nA.holdingB.tobeheldC.heldD.tobeholding1.InthefaceofthebigfireinOctoberinCalifornia,manypeopleinthefire-strickenareasmovedout.A.toescapeburningB.toescapebeingburnedC・escapingburnedD.escapingfromburning2.Thegreathallwascrowedwithmanypeople,manychildrenontheirparents9laps.A.including;seatedB.including;seatingC.included;satD.included;sitting3.foralongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.A.BeingnorainB・TherewasnorainC.TobenorainD・Therebeingnorain4.Takingthismedicine,if,willofcoursedogoodtohishealth.A.continuedB.tocontinueC・continuesD.continuing5.Thelittleboystillneedsthe20dollarstodowithsomethings・A・remaining,remainedtobesettledB.remaining,remainingtobesettledC・remained,remainedtosettleD.remained,remainingtosettle6.hisage,thelittleboyreadverywell.A.ConsideringB.ConsideredC・ConsiderD・Havingconsidered7.Hisletter,tothewrongnumber,reachedmelate.A・havingbeenaddressedB.tohaveaddressedC.tohavebeenaddressedD・beingaddressed8.Therearelotsofplacesofinterestinourcity.A.needsrepairingB・needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD・needingtoberepaired9.・・・Whatcausedthepartytobeputoff?-一theinvitations.A.TomdelayedsendingB.Tom'sdelayingsendingC.TomdelayingtosendD.Tomdelayedtosend10.Standingonthetopofthehill,Iwouldnottodoanythingbuttheflowingofthesmogaroundme.A.enjoyB.enjoyingC・enjoyedD.toenjoy11.---IsTomagoodtalker?■一No,heneverspeakstomeotherthansomething.A.askforB・toaskforC.askedforD.askingfor12.Ican'tgetmycaroncoldmornings,soIhavetotrytheradiatorwithsomehotwater.A.run;tofillB.running;fillingC.running;tofillD.ran;filling13.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowlsinalldirectionsbeforehewassentbyhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleeping\nC.tofly;tosleepingD・tofly;tosleep1.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelampbutthedoor.A.beingon;shutB・burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting2.WefoundthestudentsseatedattablesandhadtheireyesonthesceneofthelaunchofShenzhouVspaceship.A.fixedB.fixC.fixingD.tofix3.Adoctorcanexpectatanyhourofthedayornight.A.callingB.locallC.beingcalledD・lobecalled4.Theboyoftengivesasatisfactoryanswertotheteachefsquestion,justaminute.Sohe'susuallytheteacher'spet.A.thoughtB.havingthoughtC.andtothinkD・thinking5.Thepolicemancameuptotheonlyhousewiththedoor,thereforawhileandthenenteredit.A.open;tostandB.opening;stoodC.open;stoodD.opened;standing6.Mr.Smithwasmuchsurprisedtofindthewatchhehadhadwasnowheretobeseen.A.repairingB・itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高，像亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩地打着朵儿的；正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人。微风过处，送來缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动，像闪电般，霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着，这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。叶子底下是脉脉的流水，遮住了，不能见一些颜色；而叶子却更见风致了。Asfaraseyecouldsee,thepoolwithitswindingmarginwascoveredwithtrimleaves,whichrosehighoutofthewaterliketheflaredskirtsofdancinggirls.Andstarringthesetiersofleaveswerewhitelotusflowers,alluringlyopenorbashfullyinbud,likeglimmeringpearls,starsinanazuresky,orbeautiesfreshfromthebath.Thebreezecarriedpastgustsoffragrance,likethestrainsofasongfaintlyheardfromafar-offtower.Andleavesandblossomstrembledslightly,whileinaflashthescentwascarriedaway.Asthecloselyserriedleavesbent,atideofopaqueemeraldcouldbeglimpsed・Thatwasthesoftlyrunningwaterbeneath,hiddenfromsight,itscolourinvisible,thoughtheleaveslookedmoregracefulthanever・SayingGood-byetoCambridgeAgain…byXuZhimo再别康桥徐志摩VeryquietlyItakemyleaveAsquietlyasIcamehere;QuietlyIwavegood-byeTotherosycloudsinthewesternsky.轻轻的我走了，止如我轻轻的来;我轻轻的招手，作别西天的云彩\nThegoldenwillowsbytheriversideAreyoungbridesinthesettingsun;TheirreflectionsontheshimmeringwavesAlwayslingerinthedepthofmyheart.ThefloatingheartgrowinginthesludgeSwaysleisurelyunderthewater;InthegentlewavesofCambridgeIwouldbeawaterplant!ThatpoolundertheshadeofelmtreesHoldsnotwaterbuttherainbowfromthesky;ShatteredtopiecesamongtheduckweedsIsthesedimentofarainbow-likedream?Toseekadream?JusttopoleaboatupstreamTowherethegreengrassismoreverdant;OrtohavetheboatfullyloadedwithstarlightAndsingaloudinthesplendourofstarlight.ButIcannotsingaloudQuietnessismyfarewellmusic;EvensummerinsectskeepsilenceformeSilentisCambridgetonight!VeryquietlyItakemyleaveAsquietlyasIcamehere;GentlyIflickmysleeves那河畔的金柳，是夕阳屮的新娘；波光里的艳影，在我的心头荡漾。软泥上的青荐，悠悠的在水底招摇；在康桥的柔波里，我甘心做一条水草！那榆荫下的一潭，不是清泉，是天上虹,揉碎在浮藻间，沉淀着彩虹似的梦。寻梦？撐一支长蒿，向青草更青处漫溯，满载一船星辉，在星辉斑斓里放歌。但我不能放歌，悄悄是别离的笙箫；夏虫也为我沉默，沉默是今晚的康桥！悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的来；我挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩。NotevenawispofcloudwillIbringaway